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Articles 37531 - 37560 of 39012
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Testing The Relation Between Disgust And Approach-Avoidance Behavior, Ronald Thomas
Testing The Relation Between Disgust And Approach-Avoidance Behavior, Ronald Thomas
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The Behavioral Immune System (BIS) is a set of psychological processes that evolved to protect individuals from harmful contaminants and pathogens in the environment (Miller & Maner, 2011; Schaller & Duncan, 2007; Tybur, Lieberman, Kurzban, & DeScioli, 2013). The primary mechanism through which the BIS functions is the emotion of disgust, which causes negative physical and affective reactions that encourage avoidance behavior and serve as a deterrent from approaching potentially harmful stimuli (Schaller & Duncan, 2007). Consequently, disgust is proposed to serve a disease-avoidance mechanism. However, relatively little research has empirically tested the link between disgust and general behavioral avoidance …
A Radiographic Study Of Patients Treated With The Reinforced Banded Herbst Appliance, Travis Tomblyn
A Radiographic Study Of Patients Treated With The Reinforced Banded Herbst Appliance, Travis Tomblyn
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Objectives: Orthopedic functional appliances have been shown to be effective in correcting Class II malocclusions with mandibular deficiency. However, most of the studies reported in the literature could not substantiate the effect of the appliance on mandibular growth because the appliance was worn for a short time and most of the studies were short term. In addition, there is also report on the breakage of the appliance with the use of the banded Herbst design. The objective of this study was to investigate the skeletal and dental changes of patients treated with the reinforced banded Herbst appliance during Herbst treatment …
The Influence Of Memory Enhancement Techniques On Children's Testimony, Ria M. Travers
The Influence Of Memory Enhancement Techniques On Children's Testimony, Ria M. Travers
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Eyewitness testimony is often key evidence in court cases, but it is often difficult to obtain accurate eyewitness memories (Loftus, Miller, & Burns, 1978). This is especially true when this testimony must be acquired from preschool children because young children have been found to be susceptible to suggestive interviewing techniques (Krackow & Lynn, 2003). Several aspects of children's cognitive capabilities have been found to influence their suggestibility, including their source monitoring abilities, or their abilities to trace the source of memories (Ceci & Bruck, 1993). Therefore, source monitoring ability provides a possible point of intervention to decrease children's suggestibility. Source …
"Man Of The House": A Turning Point That Leads To Criminal Behavior?, Delia A. Trickett
"Man Of The House": A Turning Point That Leads To Criminal Behavior?, Delia A. Trickett
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This research study seeks to formally test a relationship between household structure, birth order and juvenile delinquency that was suggested as an onset to criminal behavior by men incarcerated in a maximum security facility. The focus of this study is on first born males due to the retrospective narratives given by the incarcerated men that being a first born male who has either lost a father-or father figure due to death, divorce and/or prison have felt a sense of responsibility as the "man of house" to be able to provide family stability which can include care of other siblings, maintaining …
The Relationship Between Kinesthetic Perceptions Of Elite Music Theater Singers And Acoustic Measures Of Voice Production Methods: A Pedagogic Analysis, Leigh Usilton
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study relates acoustic changes that occur during female belt voice, mix voice, and legit voice to the self-reported physical sensations of elite music theater (MT) singers for the purposes of developing further pedagogic language to convey imagery and sensation to students of MT singing.;Six professional female MT singers comfortable producing belt, mix, and legit styles of singing sang a series of C major and E-flat major scales on the vowels /alpha/, /ae/, /epsilon/, and /[special character omitted]/, followed by three brief excerpts from the modern MT repertoire. Both prior to and following the sung exercises, subjects described the three …
Fine-Particle Charging-Rate-Limit Modification To Grain Dynamics In Abrupt And Gradual Inhomogeneities, Jeffrey J. Walker
Fine-Particle Charging-Rate-Limit Modification To Grain Dynamics In Abrupt And Gradual Inhomogeneities, Jeffrey J. Walker
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Gyro-phase drift is a guiding center drift that is directly dependent on the charging rate limit of dust grains. The effect of introducing a gyro-phase-dependence on the grain charge leads to two orthogonal components of guiding-center drift. One component, referred to here as grad-q drift results from the time-varying, gyro-phase angle dependent, in-situ-equilibrium grain charge, assuming that the grain charging is instantaneous. For this component, the grain is assumed to be always in its in-situ-equilibrium charge state and this state gyro-synchronously varies with respect to the grain's average charge state. The other component, referred to here as the gyro-phase drift, …
Facial Image Analysis For Body Mass Index, Makeup And Identity, Lingyun Wen
Facial Image Analysis For Body Mass Index, Makeup And Identity, Lingyun Wen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The principal aim of facial image analysis in computer vision is to extract valuable information(e.g., age, gender, ethnicity, and identity) by interpreting perceived electronic signals from face images. In this dissertation, we develop facial image analysis systems for body mass index (BMI) prediction, makeup detection, as well as facial identity with makeup changes and BMI variations.;BMI is a commonly used measure of body fatness. In the first part of this thesis, we study BMI related topics. At first, we develop a computational method to predict BMI information from face images automatically. We formulate the BMI prediction from facial features as …
Mapping And Modeling Soil Organic Carbon In The Eastern Allegheny Plateau And Mountains Using Legacy Data, Katey M. Yoast
Mapping And Modeling Soil Organic Carbon In The Eastern Allegheny Plateau And Mountains Using Legacy Data, Katey M. Yoast
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The deeply dissected topography and diverse climate of the Eastern Allegheny Plateau and Mountains (Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 127) create challenges for dynamicpedoecological modeling needed for ecosystem management adaptation to a changing climate. The spatial distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC), one of the most dynamic soil properties, has been previously estimated and mapped using the State Soil Geographical Database (STATSGO2) and the more detailed Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO) for MLRA 127, estimating mean SOC to a depth of 1 m to be 2.60 and 4.40 kg m-2, respectively. Previous studies have shown that these approximations underestimate true …
New Experimental Approach To Measure Petrophysical Properties Of Organic-Rich Shales, Mehrdad Zamirian
New Experimental Approach To Measure Petrophysical Properties Of Organic-Rich Shales, Mehrdad Zamirian
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Production from hydrocarbon reservoirs is strongly dependent on the permeability of the formation. For decades, the permeability of conventional reservoirs, which are typically in milli-Darcy range, has been measured by the steady-state laboratory technique which provides accurate and fast results. In contrast, unsteady state techniques such as GRI or pulse decay have been used to measure the permeability of unconventional formations such as shales due to their ultra-low permeability. GRI technique is carried on crushed samples and is considered a fast technique for matrix permeability measurement. However, recent studies have found that reported GRI measurements results by different commercial laboratories …
Cyp2d7 Sequence Variation Interferes With Taqman Cyp2d6 (*) 15 And (*) 35 Genotyping., Amanda K. Riffel, Mehdi Dehghani, Toinette Hartshorne, Kristen C. Floyd, J Steven Leeder, Kevin P. Rosenblatt, Andrea Gaedigk
Cyp2d7 Sequence Variation Interferes With Taqman Cyp2d6 (*) 15 And (*) 35 Genotyping., Amanda K. Riffel, Mehdi Dehghani, Toinette Hartshorne, Kristen C. Floyd, J Steven Leeder, Kevin P. Rosenblatt, Andrea Gaedigk
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
TaqMan™ genotyping assays are widely used to genotype CYP2D6, which encodes a major drug metabolizing enzyme. Assay design for CYP2D6 can be challenging owing to the presence of two pseudogenes, CYP2D7 and CYP2D8, structural and copy number variation and numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) some of which reflect the wild-type sequence of the CYP2D7 pseudogene. The aim of this study was to identify the mechanism causing false-positive CYP2D6 (*) 15 calls and remediate those by redesigning and validating alternative TaqMan genotype assays. Among 13,866 DNA samples genotyped by the CompanionDx® lab on the OpenArray platform, 70 samples were identified as …
An Analysis Of Modified Material Culture From Amache: Investigating The Landscape Of Japanese American Internment, Paul Swader
An Analysis Of Modified Material Culture From Amache: Investigating The Landscape Of Japanese American Internment, Paul Swader
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Modified material culture is a class of objects that indicates a transformation of material function. Archaeological research at the Japanese American internment camp in Granada, Colorado, called Amache, has recently uncovered artifacts featuring evidence of modification. Previous studies at internment camps have failed to include a comprehensive analysis of these artifacts; instead focusing on formal materials or aesthetic objects. This thesis investigates an assemblage of modified material culture identified at Amache and a collection from the Minidoka internment camp in Idaho. These artifacts provide insight into how internees responded to imprisonment. Through material culture studies, oral histories, and archival research, …
Transformation Of A Pre-Algebra Developmental Mathematics Course That Led To The Redesign Of The Developmental Mathematics Program At A Rural Community College, Mary Beth Angeline
Transformation Of A Pre-Algebra Developmental Mathematics Course That Led To The Redesign Of The Developmental Mathematics Program At A Rural Community College, Mary Beth Angeline
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation documents the redesign of a developmental mathematics program at a rural community college and compares the course pass rates between the redesigned courses and the traditional lecture-based courses. A design and developmental methodology was used to chronicle changes to outcomes, learning environment, instructor role, and curricular practices over four course offerings that occurred over three semesters. Effectiveness of these changes was used to continually make corrections to the course structure, and make a case to expand the redesign of the course to the entire developmental mathematics program.
Growth And Properties Of Topological Insulator Thin Films Based On The Bi2se3 Compound, Sercan Babakiray
Growth And Properties Of Topological Insulator Thin Films Based On The Bi2se3 Compound, Sercan Babakiray
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation summarizes the growth, structural and electrical transport properties of topological insulators based on Bi2Se3 compound grown by molecular beam epitaxy. In the first three chapters, I review the theoretical background and experimental procedures necessary to understand the properties of topological insulators. The next three chapters cover the results of the structural characterization and electrical transport measurements. The final chapter summarizes the overall results and suggests future directions for research on Bi2Se3 compounds. Topological insulators (TIs) are a new class of quantum matter with a bulk band gap and gapless metallic surface states. The spin and momentum degrees of …
Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Ovisac And Its Associations With The Environment, Sunghoon Baek
Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) Ovisac And Its Associations With The Environment, Sunghoon Baek
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (Pinales: Pinaceae) is an important tree species in eastern North America ecosystems. During the past 65 years, eastern hemlock stands have been threatened by the hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand (Hemiptera: Adelgidae). The goal of this research was to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of A. tsugae populations. First, the appropriate sample unit for A. tsugae was determined based on within-branch and -tree distribution of A. tsugae. The results of this study showed that A. tsugae ovisacs were more frequently found at the tip of a branch and no significant (P > 0.05) differences in …
Analysis Of Rna Degradation In Dental Pulp To Estimate Postmortem Interval, Amanda Balasko
Analysis Of Rna Degradation In Dental Pulp To Estimate Postmortem Interval, Amanda Balasko
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
There are several methods that are currently used to estimate a postmortem interval (PMI), including physiological, biochemical, entomological, and archeological approaches. However, these methods are not effective in estimating PMI's extending from several weeks to months. The study presented here was performed to create an independent, objective biological method to estimate PMI by analyzing the degradation of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from porcine and human dental pulp. If successful, this method would overlap and extend the current PMI estimation methods. With a concept similar to that of radioactive carbon-14 dating, this method analyzed two different sized segments -- one large, …
The Memory Wars: Debates On The Holocaust And The Legacy Of Anti-Semitism In Poland, Jonathan Andrew Bergquist
The Memory Wars: Debates On The Holocaust And The Legacy Of Anti-Semitism In Poland, Jonathan Andrew Bergquist
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The process of Vergangenheitsbewaltigung, or mastering the past, is often slow and painful. All too often nations have a tendency to celebrate their past triumphs while forgetting or marginalizing the most traumatic episodes of their histories. The case of Poland is particularly interesting---especially in connection to the disappearance of the country's minority Jewish heritage. Poland, of course, was the primary site of the Holocaust, and the nearly complete destruction of the country's once vast Jewish population, which had been the largest in the world, has left a troublesome legacy behind. How had such horrific crimes taken place on Polish soil? …
Evaluation Of The Antidepressant Potential Of Dextromethorphan, Linda Nguyen
Evaluation Of The Antidepressant Potential Of Dextromethorphan, Linda Nguyen
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Depression affects more than 350 million people and is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Major challenges in the management of depression remain the 4-12 weeks of delayed efficacy and 30% of patients who are resistant to the therapeutic effects of current pharmaceutical treatments. We herein examined whether dextromethorphan (DM) may be able to take on these challenges, because 1) it has overlapping pharmacology with ketamine, which has shown rapid (within 24 hours) antidepressant effects, even in treatment-resistant individuals; 2) unlike ketamine with its notable abuse liability and adverse effects, DM is an over-the-counter antitussive with a high safety margin; …
Probing Pulsar Emission On Short Timescales: Rotating Radio Transients, Cyclic Spectroscopy, And Single-Pulse Studies Of Millisecond Pulsars, Nipuni Tharaka Palliyaguru
Probing Pulsar Emission On Short Timescales: Rotating Radio Transients, Cyclic Spectroscopy, And Single-Pulse Studies Of Millisecond Pulsars, Nipuni Tharaka Palliyaguru
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Rotating radio transients (RRATs) are neutron stars are that characterized by the emission of strong sporadic bursts. We have analysed the long- and short-term time dependence of the pulse arrival times and the pulse detection rates for eight RRAT sources from the Parkes Multi-beam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We find significant periodicities in the individual pulse arrival times from six RRATs. These periodicities range from ∼30 minutes to 2100 days and from one to 16 independent (i.e. non-harmonically related) periodicities are detected for each RRAT. In addition, we find that pulse emission is a random process on short (hour-long) time scales …
Solar Electric Propulsion Triple-Satellite-Aided Capture With Mars Flyby, Sean Patrick
Solar Electric Propulsion Triple-Satellite-Aided Capture With Mars Flyby, Sean Patrick
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Triple-Satellite-aided-capture sequences use gravity-assists at three of Jupiter's four massive Galilean moons to reduce the DeltaV required to enter into Jupiter orbit. A triple-satellite-aided capture at Callisto, Ganymede, and Io is proposed to capture a SEP spacecraft into Jupiter orbit from an interplanetary Earth-Jupiter trajectory that employs low-thrust maneuvers. The principal advantage of this method is that it combines the ISP efficiency of ion propulsion with nearly impulsive but propellant-free gravity assists.;For this thesis, two main chapters are devoted to the exploration of low-thrust triple-flyby capture trajectories. Specifically, the design and optimization of these trajectories are explored heavily. The first …
Sensor Placement Algorithms For Process Efficiency Maximization, Prokash Paul
Sensor Placement Algorithms For Process Efficiency Maximization, Prokash Paul
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Even though the senor placement problem has been studied for process plants, it has been done for minimizing the number of sensors, minimizing the cost of the sensor network, maximizing the reliability, or minimizing the estimation errors. In the existing literature, no work has been reported on the development of a sensor network design (SND) algorithm for maximizing efficiency of the process. The SND problem for maximizing efficiency requires consideration of the closed-loop system, which is unlike the open-loop systems that have been considered in previous works. In addition, work on the SND problem for a large fossil energy plant …
Static Code Analysis: On Detection Of Security Vulnerabilities And Classification Of Warning Messages, Andrei M. Perhinschi
Static Code Analysis: On Detection Of Security Vulnerabilities And Classification Of Warning Messages, Andrei M. Perhinschi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis addresses several aspects of using static code analysis tools for detection of security vulnerabilities and faults within source code. First, the performance of three widely used static code analysis tools with respect to detection of security vulnerabilities is evaluated. This is done with the help of a large benchmarking suite designed to test static code analysis tools' performance regarding security vulnerabilities. The performance of the three tools is also evaluated using three open source software projects with known security vulnerabilities. The main results of the first part of this thesis showed that the three evaluated tools do not …
Digital Eye Modification A Countermeasure To Automated Face Recognition, Domenick Poster Iii
Digital Eye Modification A Countermeasure To Automated Face Recognition, Domenick Poster Iii
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis describes and assesses a series of subtle digital eye modification techniques and their impact on automated face detection and recognition. The techniques involve altering the relative positioning of a person's eyes in a photograph using a variety of horizontal and vertical movements local to the eye regions. Testing with Eigenfaces, Fisherfaces, and Circular Local Binary Pattern face recognition algorithms on a database of 40 subjects and over 4000 modified images shows these subtle geometric changes to the eyes can degrade automated face recognition accuracy by 40% or more. Certain modifications even lower the chance a face is detected …
An Examination Of Households' Willingness-To-Pay For Wetlands Biodiversity Conservation In The United States: A Benefit Transfer Approach, Rajendra Prasad Poudel
An Examination Of Households' Willingness-To-Pay For Wetlands Biodiversity Conservation In The United States: A Benefit Transfer Approach, Rajendra Prasad Poudel
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This research paper provides a benefit transfer model of willingness-to-pay (WTP) for wetlands' biodiversity conservation in the United States. The validity of the estimated wetland's willingness-to-pay values is also examined. While valuation of the services provided by wetlands may be challenging due to their non-market nature, estimation of values is important. Conducting a primary study is the best option for precise results. However, researchers may recommend the benefit transfer approach in wetland valuation when there are limited time, budgetary constraints, and administrative urgency.;The benefit transfer approach involves transferring of value estimates from study sites (where research was already undertaken) to …
Performance And Stability Of Large Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Using Phosphine Contaminated Hydrogen Fuel, Timothy B. A. Ross
Performance And Stability Of Large Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Using Phosphine Contaminated Hydrogen Fuel, Timothy B. A. Ross
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The objective of this work was to investigate how fuel utilization and method of fuel delivery for a large planar fuel cell with co-flow configuration will affect the degradation rate and mechanism of phosphine poisoning of a solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Coal syngas, a potential fuel source for SOFCs, contains gas phase impurities such as PH3, which rapidly degrade Ni-based SOFC anodes. Researchers have shown significant reconstruction of Ni-anodes in button cell configurations with ~0.5 mV hr-1 degradation rates, but it is not evident that these rates will occur in actual stack applications. A singular planar stack repeat unit was …
Against The Thalassocracy: Sacred Geography, Nationhood And Perennial Traditionalism In Alexander Dugin's Neo-Eurasianist Philosophy, Jonathan Rushbrook
Against The Thalassocracy: Sacred Geography, Nationhood And Perennial Traditionalism In Alexander Dugin's Neo-Eurasianist Philosophy, Jonathan Rushbrook
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis discusses the ideological makeup of the Russian right wing philosopher Alexander Dugin's and his conceptualization of race and nation in his Neo-Eurasianist imperial project. Tracing Dugin's ideological influences from early Eurasianism, the European New Right and esoteric religious beliefs such as Perennial Traditionalism, the thesis then goes on to place Dugin's body of thought within a larger debate on defining fascism and whether Dugin can be considered a fascist. Ultimately this thesis contests some scholars' interpretations of Dugin's worldview as a fundamentally ethnocentric or even racist Russian nationalism. Rather, by examining Dugin's writings on nation through an ethno-symbolist …
Design Of Scattering Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscope, Dustin Schrecongost
Design Of Scattering Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscope, Dustin Schrecongost
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The primary objective of this work is to construct a fully functional scattering type Scanning Near-field Optical Microscope (s-SNOM), and to understand the working mechanisms behind it. An s-SNOM is an instrument made up of two separate instruments working in unison. One instrument is a scanning optical microscope focusing light onto a raster scanning sample surface combined with an interferometer set up. The second instrument is an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) operating in noncontact mode. The AFM uses a small probe that interacts with the raster scanning sample surface to map out the topography of the of the sample surface. …
The Effect Of Direct Instruction On Spanish Language Acquisition In A Preschool Free-Play Environment: A Single-Case Design, Lucy Rose Scotti
The Effect Of Direct Instruction On Spanish Language Acquisition In A Preschool Free-Play Environment: A Single-Case Design, Lucy Rose Scotti
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The predicted increase in Spanish speakers within the United States brings to light a new direction for preschool curricula. There are multiple, on-going arguments about the best time for children to learn a second language and what role critical periods for brain development play in second language acquisition. Although there are individual differences in development, the current study demonstrates that children can learn Spanish vocabulary words with an average of 30 minutes of instruction per week. Using a combination of direct instruction with developmentally appropriate practices, hands-on, and engaging activities, the teaching of Spanish vocabulary, themed and age appropriate for …
Pose Performance Of Lidar-Based Relative Navigation For Non-Cooperative Objects, Jordan L. Sell
Pose Performance Of Lidar-Based Relative Navigation For Non-Cooperative Objects, Jordan L. Sell
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Flash LIDAR is an important new sensing technology for relative navigation; these sensors have shown promising results during rendezvous and docking applications involving a cooperative vehicle. An area of recent interest is the application of this technology for pose estimation with non-cooperative client vehicles, in support of on-orbit satellite servicing activities and asteroid redirect missions. The capability for autonomous rendezvous with non-cooperative satellites will enable refueling and servicing of satellites (particularly those designed without servicing in mind), allowing these vehicles to continue operating rather than being retired. Rendezvous with an asteroid will give further insight to the origin of individual …
Optical Spectroscopy Of Nanoscale And Heterostructured Oxides, Tess R. Senty
Optical Spectroscopy Of Nanoscale And Heterostructured Oxides, Tess R. Senty
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Through careful analysis of a material's properties, devices are continually getting smaller, faster and more efficient each day. Without a complete scientific understanding of material properties, devices cannot continue to improve. This dissertation uses optical spectroscopy techniques to understand light-matter interactions in several oxide materials with promising uses mainly in light harvesting applications. Linear absorption, photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy are primarily used on europium doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles, copper gallium oxide delafossites doped with iron, and cadmium selenide quantum dots attached to titanium dioxide nanoparticles.;Europium doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles have promising applications for linking to biomolecules. Using Fourier-transform infrared …
Applying Patent-Eligible Subject Matter Restriction, Jonas Anderson
Applying Patent-Eligible Subject Matter Restriction, Jonas Anderson
Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals
The US Supreme Court's difficulty in promulgating a standard for patent-eligibility has not gone unnoticed in the academy. Hundreds of academic conferences, including this one, have been devoted to the topic. The goal of this Article is not to solve the seemingly intractable problem of patent-eligibility doctrine. The goal of this Article is rather more modest. Instead of normatively assessing patent-eligible subject matter doctrine, this Article seeks to identify which foundational theories of patent-eligible subject matter can most readily be applied by courts and the US Patent and Trademark Office via Section 101. In doing so, this Article categorizes the …