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2015

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Statistical Methods For Optimizing Task Performance In Nuclear Medicine Imaging And In X-Ray Breast Imaging, Lin Chen Dec 2015

Statistical Methods For Optimizing Task Performance In Nuclear Medicine Imaging And In X-Ray Breast Imaging, Lin Chen

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In many medical imaging systems used in radiology, the hardware delivers raw data to a sensor and a computer is used to convert the sensor data to a viewable image by implementing tomographic reconstruction algorithms. The radiologist views the image and performs a task, such as detecting a lesion. Engineers and applied mathematicians seek to improve medical imaging systems by making hardware changes and changes in the reconstruction algorithm. Improvement in this thesis is measured by scalar figures of merit, FOM, for task performance. We consider two modalities: SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography) and Contrast-Enhanced DBT (Digital Breast Tomosynthesis). …

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Motivating Students With Learning Disabilities To Achieve Through The Use Of Authentic Projects And Technology, Meagan King Dec 2015

Motivating Students With Learning Disabilities To Achieve Through The Use Of Authentic Projects And Technology, Meagan King

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate effective methods that help students with learning disabilities achieve better quality writing. The types of methods that were reviewed were authentic writing projects, process writing, and peer work through the analysis of scholarly and personal research. Using technology to enhance understanding was also evaluated in relation to these methods. The study concluded that these effective methods increase student motivation because of their applicability to the real world. The study also concluded that as a result of the motivation produced by authentic writing projects, students develop more confidence in themselves as writers and …

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Statistical Methods For Association Analysis Of Biological Data, Erya Huang Dec 2015

Statistical Methods For Association Analysis Of Biological Data, Erya Huang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Genome-wide association studies (GWA studies) are an important tool for identifying disease susceptibility variants for common and complex diseases. Traditional approaches to data analysis in GWA studies suffer with the multiple testing problem and also ignore any potential relationships between gene variants. We introduced here a novel two-stage framework with the combination of partial correlation network analysis (PCNA) and data mining techniques. This network-based technique, focusing on SNPs in joint modeling and their partial associations, alleviated the multiple testing problem and consequently increased the power to detect biologically relevant variants and their associations. Variable selection was achieved through penalized logistic …

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A Novel Methodology For Stochastic Formulation Of Short Term Cloud Cover Forecasts, Ya-Ting Huang Dec 2015

A Novel Methodology For Stochastic Formulation Of Short Term Cloud Cover Forecasts, Ya-Ting Huang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Following the chaos theory proposed by Lorenz, probabilistic approaches have been widely used in numerical weather prediction research. This paper introduces an innate methodology to measure the uncertainty of stochastic cloud boundary forecast. A stochastic partial differential equation is inserted into a numerical weather prediction model, and backtested to validate the probabilistic results of the model. This methodology can be applied to a variety of topics in numerical weather prediction research. The proposed method is applied to the short term forecast of cloud cover. A two parameter model based on physical principles of wind velocity dispersion and surface evaporation rate …

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Community Belonging And Community Building: Women In Early Modern Granada, Nichole Suzanne Prescott Dec 2015

Community Belonging And Community Building: Women In Early Modern Granada, Nichole Suzanne Prescott

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation addresses community belonging, community building, and community identity of women in the city of Granada during the early modern period, showing how women made use of their Granadan social context. It situates the women of Granada in the context of the economic and social turmoil throughout the early modern period, and in particular of the seventeenth century. Non-elite urban women in early modern Granada actively shaped the civic economy, culture, and religious life of the city and, in turn, their lives were shaped by the interplay of these elements. Women played indispensable commercial roles in the market economy, …

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Gap Junctional Conductance Produced By Cx50, But Not Cx46, Is Regulated By The Pi3k Signaling Pathway, Jennifer Marie Martinez Dec 2015

Gap Junctional Conductance Produced By Cx50, But Not Cx46, Is Regulated By The Pi3k Signaling Pathway, Jennifer Marie Martinez

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Gap junction channels and cell signaling are essential components for proper organ development in multicellular organisms. The ocular lens is one such organ that has been well studied because of its large dependence on intercellular communication. The lens relies heavily on gap junction channels for intercellular communication during growth and differentiation due to the absence of a vascular system. Gap junctions are comprised of hexameric oligomers of connexin subunits that are inserted into the plasma membrane. Genetic knockouts of lens connexins have helped to identify the function of each connexin. Cx46 knockout mice developed severe nuclear cataracts. Targeted deletion of …

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Study Of Stat3 Protein Interactions Using An In Vitro Binding Assay, Julie Armstrong Dec 2015

Study Of Stat3 Protein Interactions Using An In Vitro Binding Assay, Julie Armstrong

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Transcription factors function as regulators of gene expression by controlling the activation of target genes. As a member of the STAT (Signal Transducer and Activators of Transcription) family, STAT3 regulates gene expression responsible for controlling differentiation, cell survival, proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. Activation of STAT3 conventionally occurs through tyrosine phosphorylation by JAK kinases stimulated following cytokine binding receptors. Cytokines like IL-6 bind to cell surface receptors, leading to the activation of associated JAK kinases. JAKs phosphorylate the cytoplasmic domains of the receptors, and STAT3 is recruited through its SH2 domain resulting in its phosphorylation by JAKs. It has been determined …

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Recoding Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Genes By Computer-Aided Design Provides A Live Attenuated Vaccine Candidate, Bingyin Wang Dec 2015

Recoding Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Genes By Computer-Aided Design Provides A Live Attenuated Vaccine Candidate, Bingyin Wang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Codon pair bias (CPB), which has been observed in all organisms, is a neglected genomic phenomenon that substantially affects gene expression. CPB results from synonymous codons that are paired more or less frequently in ORFeomes regardless of codon bias. The effect of an individual codon pair change is usually small, but when amplified by large-scale genome recoding (simultaneously generating hundreds of synonymous mutations without altering codon usage or amino acid sequence), strikingly altered biological phenotypes are observed. Although the molecular mechanism underlying codon pair bias still remains enigmatic, the utility of codon pair bias in the development of live attenuated …

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A Ϭ Rst-Principles Study Of Structural, Electronic And Optical Properties Of Gan, Zno And (Gan)1ˆ’X(Zno)X, Jian Liu Dec 2015

A Ϭ Rst-Principles Study Of Structural, Electronic And Optical Properties Of Gan, Zno And (Gan)1ˆ’X(Zno)X, Jian Liu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The pseudobinary (GaN)$_{1-x}$(ZnO)$_{x}$ alloy is attractive for its high efficiency in photocatalytic water splitting. Its reduced band gap is a main advantage for harvesting solar energy. Short-range order (SRO) dramatically affect the atomic and electronic structures due to the non-isovalent nature of the alloy. In this thesis, I perform Monte-Carlo simulations on a first-principles-based cluster-expansion model to show the existence of SRO in (GaN)$_{1-x}$(ZnO)$_{x}$ alloy. I also construct the “special quasi-ordered structures†to faithfully include SRO in a computationally affordable supercell. Subsequent density-functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal significant influence of SRO on the structural, electronic and optical properties of (GaN)$_{1-x}$(ZnO)$_{x}$ …

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Measurement Of The Ww Production Cross Section In Proton-Proton Collisions At Sqrt(S) = 8 Tev With The Atlas Detector And Limits On Anomalous Triple Gauge Boson Couplings, Karen Chen Dec 2015

Measurement Of The Ww Production Cross Section In Proton-Proton Collisions At Sqrt(S) = 8 Tev With The Atlas Detector And Limits On Anomalous Triple Gauge Boson Couplings, Karen Chen

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

WW production serves as an important test of the electroweak sector in the Standard Model. It can be sensitive to gauge boson self interactions as well as Higgs boson interactions. Deviations from the Standard Model prediction could arise from anomalous triple gauge couplings or the production of new particles that decay into electroweak bosons. Searches for new physics phenomena are conducted at high energy scales, but in order to constrain them at the electroweak scale, we need precision measurements of Standard Model processes. In this Dissertation, the WW production cross section is measured with p-p collisions at sqrt{s}=8 TeV with …

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Effective Lagrangians For Higgs Physics, Tyler Corbett Dec 2015

Effective Lagrangians For Higgs Physics, Tyler Corbett

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The Large Hadron Collider has found an exciting excess at around 125 GeV. This excess appeared early on to behave as the long sought Higgs boson and with the 7 and 8 TeV data sets has been shown to behave very much like the Higgs boson responsible for the mass of the fundamental particles of the Standard Model. As the data continued to converge to the Standard Model predictions it became important to try and classify possible small deviations from the expected behavior. A manner of doing so, consistent with the symmetries of the Standard Model, is the use of …

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Search For Gravitons Decaying To Vector Bosons In Hadronic Final States In Pp Collisions At ˆŠs = 8tev Collected With The Atlas Detector | Search For Gravitons Decaying To Vector Bosons In Hadronic Final States In Pp Collisions At √S = 8tev Collected With The Atlas Detector, Angel Fernando Campoverde Dec 2015

Search For Gravitons Decaying To Vector Bosons In Hadronic Final States In Pp Collisions At ˆŠs = 8tev Collected With The Atlas Detector | Search For Gravitons Decaying To Vector Bosons In Hadronic Final States In Pp Collisions At √S = 8tev Collected With The Atlas Detector, Angel Fernando Campoverde

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

ATLAS data are used to search for narrow diboson resonances in a dijet final state where each jet is tagged as a boson using jet mass and substructure properties. The data are the 20.3 fb−1 of pp collisions collected in 2012. A search for G → WW /ZZ is performed over the diboson mass range 1.2 < mVV < 3.0TeV. The most significant excess is of approximately 2.5σ at around 2TeV. Limits on σ · B (the production cross section times branching fraction) for this process are reported as a function of the graviton mass. | ATLAS data are used to search for narrow diboson resonances in a dijet final state where each jet is tagged as a boson using jet mass and substructure properties. The data are the 20.3 fb−1 of pp collisions collected in 2012. A search for G → WW /ZZ is performed over the diboson mass range 1.2 < mVV < 3.0TeV. The most significant excess is of approximately 2.5σ at around 2TeV. Limits on σ · B (the production cross section times branching fraction) for this process are reported as a function of the graviton mass. | 91 pages

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Advances In Theory Of Coherent Electron Cooling, Andrey Elizarov Dec 2015

Advances In Theory Of Coherent Electron Cooling, Andrey Elizarov

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The coherent electron cooling is a novel hadron beam cooling technique that is being developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory. It is a realization of the stochastic cooling, in which an electron beam is used in the modulator, amplifier and kicker. In the modulator, hadrons create electron density perturbations. Then these perturbations are amplified in the free electron laser, while hadrons pass through dispersion section, where they are placed such that, in the kicker, amplified perturbations' electric fields accelerate or decelerate hadrons, depending on their velocities, cooling the beam. In the present dissertation, we describe ways to model the modulator section …

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Investigating Electroweak Physics At The Large Hadron Collider, Pin-Ju Tien Dec 2015

Investigating Electroweak Physics At The Large Hadron Collider, Pin-Ju Tien

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The basic principle of naturalness has driven the majority of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) program, but so far all searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) have come up empty. On the other hand, a few existing measurements of SM processes contain interesting anomalies, for instance in the measurement of the WW cross section. The deviation of WW cross section was seen both at ATLAS and CMS and both at 7 and 8 TeV. The discrepancy also became larger at 8 TeV. Combined results with LHC 7 TeV and 8 TeV implies around a three sigma deviation …

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Stirap On Helium: Excitation To Rydberg States, Deqian Yuan Dec 2015

Stirap On Helium: Excitation To Rydberg States, Deqian Yuan

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Research in optically induced transitions between dierent atomic levels has a long history. For transitions between states driven by a coherent optical eld, the theoretical eciency could be ideally high as 100% but there could be many factors preventing this. In the three state helium atom excitation process, i.e. 23S! 33P! nL , the stimulated emission from intermediate state makes it hard to achieve ecient population transfer to the nal state through an intuitive excitation order. One technique to achieve a higher eciency is Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) which is being studied and under research in our lab. Unlike …

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Ideological Extremity Perception: Causes And Consequences, Karyn Ann Amira Dec 2015

Ideological Extremity Perception: Causes And Consequences, Karyn Ann Amira

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation examines causes and consequences of ideological perception and theorizes that these judgments are fueled by both conscious and subconscious affect, as proposed by the hot cognition model and the motivated reasoning framework. The first empirical chapter, which stands separate from the others, uses fixed effects NES panel data to demonstrate that ideological perceptions of the party in power impact citizen preferences for federal spending. The second empirical chapter uses an experimental survey to demonstrate that conscious and subconscious affect impact ideological perceptions of fictitious candidates while simultaneously testing a previous finding that Democrats are perceived as more ideological …

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€Œpost-Truth†Politics? Media Causes And Potential Effects Of Perceptions Of Candidate Honesty, Matthew Harris Dec 2015

€Œpost-Truth†Politics? Media Causes And Potential Effects Of Perceptions Of Candidate Honesty, Matthew Harris

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Honesty has long been a trait voters seek in candidates for political office, yet the past few decades of American politics are strewn with examples of blatant dishonesty by political figures, sometimes with seemingly few electoral consequences. This dissertation examines how perceptions of candidate honesty are formed, as well as potential consequences of dishonest behavior for candidates as well as parties. The first empirical chapter uses ANES data to look at how media usage by citizens can shape perceived honesty. The second empirical chapter uses ARFIMA-MLM framework to look at usage while adding content in the form of news media …

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The Resurrection Of Self: How Deconversion From Religious Belief To Atheism Healed A History Of Rejection, Trauma, And Shame, Amy Phillips Dec 2015

The Resurrection Of Self: How Deconversion From Religious Belief To Atheism Healed A History Of Rejection, Trauma, And Shame, Amy Phillips

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

There are two experiences that atheists have which are not yet well understood: discrimination and deconversion. Through semi-structured interviews, designed to better understand the deconversion process and the relationships of 35 American atheists living in both the Northeast and Southern regions of the United States, a better understanding of these experiences emerged. These individuals had damaging histories, which included abuse, abandonment and/or outsider status. These elements combined with religious teachings yielded a sense of self-as-bad in which respondents experienced feelings of shame, depression, anxiety, and in some cases suicidality. The 25 males, 9 females and 1 transwoman in this study …

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The Global Determinants Of Health: A Cross-National Study Of Child Mortality In Less-Developed Countries, 1985-2005, Eric Shircliff Dec 2015

The Global Determinants Of Health: A Cross-National Study Of Child Mortality In Less-Developed Countries, 1985-2005, Eric Shircliff

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Rates of child mortality vary greatly across the globe. The lowest rates are found in developed countries, with the lowest located in Iceland at 3 deaths per 1,000 live births. The highest rates exist in less-developed countries, the highest of which located in Niger at 305 deaths per 1,000 live births. Since 1990, the global rate of child mortality has been declining. However, for many less-developed countries this progress is either slow or stopped. Furthermore, the total number of child deaths in less-developed countries overwhelms that of developed nations, accounting for approximately 99% of global child mortality. The purpose of …

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Formal Verification Of Nonlinear Biological Systems, Md Ariful Islam Dec 2015

Formal Verification Of Nonlinear Biological Systems, Md Ariful Islam

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Abstraction and composition have proved to be particularly useful in extending the reach of formal verification. Abstraction reduces the size of the system under investigation by neglecting details irrelevant to the properties of interest. Compositionality allows us to decompose large-scale system into smaller components and verify each component individually and reason about the verification of entire system from verified components. Together, these two techniques permit us to substitute a component with its equivalent abstraction such that the overall system retains the property of interest. In this thesis, we first show that in the context of the Iyer et al. (IMW) …

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Semi-Automated Object-Based Classification Of Coral Reef Habitat Using Discrete Choice Models, Steven Saul, Samuel J. Purkis Dec 2015

Semi-Automated Object-Based Classification Of Coral Reef Habitat Using Discrete Choice Models, Steven Saul, Samuel J. Purkis

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

As for terrestrial remote sensing, pixel-based classifiers have traditionally been used to map coral reef habitats. For pixel-based classifiers, habitat assignment is based on the spectral or textural properties of each individual pixel in the scene. More recently, however, object-based classifications, those based on information from a set of contiguous pixels with similar properties, have found favor with the reef mapping community and are starting to be extensively deployed. Object-based classifiers have an advantage over pixel-based in that they are less compromised by the inevitable inhomogeneity in per-pixel spectral response caused, primarily, by variations in water depth. One aspect of …

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Misconceptional Views About Epilepsy Exist Across Social Class System Of Society, Shoaib Rao, Bakhtyar Ali Shah, Nimra Altaf, Fazal M. Arain Dec 2015

Misconceptional Views About Epilepsy Exist Across Social Class System Of Society, Shoaib Rao, Bakhtyar Ali Shah, Nimra Altaf, Fazal M. Arain

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Epilepsy affects over 1% of population worldwide. Studies have shown that although our understanding about epilepsy has come a long way, misconceptions about its etiology and treatment exist in rural slums. However, no study has been conducted to see whether such misconceptions exist in middle and upper socio-economic class. This study aims to explore the existence of misconceptions and social stigma in the middle and upper socio-economic class. Materials and Methods: We conducted a survey-based study about epilepsy on 227 participants, belonging to middle and upper socio-economic class. Results: The symptoms of generalized tonic-clonic seizures were correctly described by participants. …

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Hilltopics: Volume 12, Issue 3, Hilltopics Staff Dec 2015

Hilltopics: Volume 12, Issue 3, Hilltopics Staff

Hilltopics

No abstract provided.

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Mariah Haffield Honors Portfolio, Mariah Jean Haffield Dec 2015

Mariah Haffield Honors Portfolio, Mariah Jean Haffield

Honors Capstone Portfolios

Mariah Haffield's honors portfolio captured in December 2015.

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The Current Volume 26 : Issue 14, Nova Southeastern University Dec 2015

The Current Volume 26 : Issue 14, Nova Southeastern University

Student Newspapers

No abstract provided.

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An Examination Of The Effectiveness Of Required Audit Firm Rotation By Public Companies, David Austin Boutwell Dec 2015

An Examination Of The Effectiveness Of Required Audit Firm Rotation By Public Companies, David Austin Boutwell

2015 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of mandatory audit firm rotation by companies publicly listed in the United States. Currently, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) requires lead engagement partners auditing public companies to rotate off public company audit engagements after a period of five years, without returning for an additional five years. Further, SOX also required a mandatory study of the feasibility of mandatory audit firm rotation. Proponents contend that this might enhance independence while increasing objectivity and professional skepticism. The author’s findings suggest that these perceived advantages are greatly outweighed by the disadvantages that might result …

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Creating A Consolidated Business Systems Toolkit For Enterprise Resource Planning, April Shortt Dec 2015

Creating A Consolidated Business Systems Toolkit For Enterprise Resource Planning, April Shortt

2015 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

A major problem in many manufacturing facilities revolves around the need to consolidate and streamline production processes. Triumph Aerostructures’ Vought Aircraft Division is experiencing systemic functional redundancies that adversely impacts the efficiency, productivity, and bottom line of the division. An investigation of system usage across all business streams was performed where we analyzed which systems are used for which operational functions, and why these particular systems are utilized. The problem was researched using the DMADV methodology, along with other Six Sigma process analysis tools. Results showed that these problems are due to a lack of lower-level employee training on the …

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Professional And Cultural Adjustments Of Nigerian Nurses In America, Darlene Okpegbue Dec 2015

Professional And Cultural Adjustments Of Nigerian Nurses In America, Darlene Okpegbue

2015 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Nursing is the largest healthcare profession around the world. Nurses frequently are educated in one country, and then migrate to the United States where they practice nursing in the U.S healthcare system. In addition to language, other differences are also noted in educational preparation, clinical experiences, and the healthcare system where these nurses begin practicing. All of these factors may affect a nurses’ ability to adapt to his or her new role in the workplace. I have met several Nigerian staff nurses while in my clinical setting as a University of Texas at Arlington Nursing student. Many of the staff …

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Nanopore Biosensor For Quantification Of The Isomers Of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Protein, Maryam Alam Dec 2015

Nanopore Biosensor For Quantification Of The Isomers Of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Protein, Maryam Alam

2015 Fall Honors Capstone Projects - Archive

Our project’s goal is to use nanopore analysis to detect cancers from the expression of protein for early screenings of cancer. Preliminary work uses a nanopore chip to detect specific proteins. Our research targeted the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) protein that is an important biomarker for certain cancers like leukemia and lymphoma. Discrimination between two isomers of the PDGF protein, PDGF AA and PDGF AB, was the target of experiments through the nanopore. For selectivity, an aptamer, a molecule made up of specific RNA nucleotides, was introduced in the solution. The aptamer had a very high affinity for PDGF AB, …

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Combating Anti-Statistical Thinking Using Simulation-Based Methods Throughout The Undergraduate Curriculum, Nathan L. Tintle, Beth Chance, George Cobb, Soma Roy, Todd Swanson, Jill Vanderstoep Dec 2015

Combating Anti-Statistical Thinking Using Simulation-Based Methods Throughout The Undergraduate Curriculum, Nathan L. Tintle, Beth Chance, George Cobb, Soma Roy, Todd Swanson, Jill Vanderstoep

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

The use of simulation-based methods for introducing inference is growing in popularity for the Stat 101 course, due in part to increasing evidence of the methods ability to improve students’ statistical thinking. This impact comes from simulation-based methods (a) clearly presenting the overarching logic of inference, (b) strengthening ties between statistics and probability/mathematical concepts, (c) encouraging a focus on the entire research process, (d) facilitating student thinking about advanced statistical concepts, (e) allowing more time to explore, do, and talk about real research and messy data, and (f) acting as a firmer foundation on which to build statistical intuition. Thus, …

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