Digital Commons Network^™

Two Spatiotemporally Distinct Value Systems Shape Reward-Based Learning In The Human Brain, Elsa Fouragnan, Chris Retzler, Karen Mullinger, Marios G. Philiastides

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

The Oculomotor Resonance Effect In Spatial–Numerical Mapping, Andriy Myachykov, Angelo Cangelosi, Rob Ellis, Martin H. Fischer

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Late Emergence Of The First Possession Heuristic: Evidence From A Small-Scale Culture, Patricia Kanngiesser, Federico Rossano, Michael Tomasello

School of Psychology

Western preschool children often assign ownership based on first possession and some theorists have proposed that this judgment might be an early emerging, innate bias. Five- to 9-year-olds (n = 112) from a small-scale group in Kenya (Kikuyu) watched videotaped interactions of two women passing an object. The object’s starting position and the women’s gestures were varied. Use of the first possession heuristic increased with age, and 8- to 9-year-olds performed similarly to German 5-year-olds (n = 24). Starting position and gestures had no effect. A control study confirmed that 5-year-old Kikuyus (n = 20) understood the video material. The …

Enhanced Visual Statistical Learning In Adults With Autism., Matthew E. Roser, Richard N. Aslin, Rebecca Mckenzie, Daniel Zahra, József Fiser

School of Psychology

OBJECTIVE: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often characterized as having social engagement and language deficiencies, but a sparing of visuospatial processing and short-term memory (STM), with some evidence of supranormal levels of performance in these domains. The present study expanded on this evidence by investigating the observational learning of visuospatial concepts from patterns of covariation across multiple exemplars. METHOD: Child and adult participants with ASD, and age-matched control participants, viewed multishape arrays composed from a random combination of pairs of shapes that were each positioned in a fixed spatial arrangement. RESULTS: After this passive exposure phase, a posttest …

Feature- Versus Rule-Based Generalization In Rats, Pigeons And Humans, Elisa Maes, Filippo G De, Angus B. Inkster, Stephen E.G. Lea, Houwer J De, Rudi D’Hooge, Tom Beckers, Andy J. Wills

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

Knowledge And Risk Perceptions Of The Ebola Virus In The United States, Jj Rolison, Y Hanoch

School of Psychology

OBJECTIVES: The Ebola epidemic has received extensive media coverage since the first diagnosed cases of the virus in the US. We investigated risk perceptions of Ebola among individuals living in the US and measured their knowledge of the virus. METHOD: US residents completed an online survey (conducted 14-18 November 2014) that assessed their Ebola knowledge and risk perceptions. RESULTS: Respondents who were more knowledgeable of Ebola perceived less risk of contracting the virus and were less worried about the virus, but also regarded Ebola as more serious than less knowledgeable respondents. The internet served as a major source of additional …

Stories Of Contaminated Waste Dump Sites In Amskapi Pikuni Blackfeet Country, Kimberly L. Paul

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Abstract:

Significant health disparities affect much of the American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) and Native Hawaiian (NH) populations of America_.^3,6,10,11,14 Inequalities in health care and delivery of services for these populations are a contributing factor to disparate health conditions.² Lack of equity in areas such as social services¹⁸, education, environmental contaminants^5,7,8,17, historical trauma¹ and acute poverty[a1] [KP2] ^{16, 19} strongly influence health conditions⁴. People residing within the remaining tribal lands of the Northern Plains experience markedly higher incidence of disease than other ethnicities within this nation¹⁰, ultimately …

The Psychological Effects Of Medical Research On Animal Subjects And The Ramifications For The Applicability Of The Research Results, Morgan Damm

University Honors Theses

Historically, animals have been used in medical research to bring about many of the medical breakthroughs and advances seen today. The successful studies are accompanied by numerous, often concealed, failed studies that are inapplicable to human medicine due to stress and distress changing the "normal" physiological parameters of that animal. The psychological stresses observed on the research animals are numerous and include habitat inconsistencies, exposures to abnormal conditions, experimental stresses, and the anticipation of awaiting a procedure. Often published papers disguise these conditions with delicate terminology to eliminate question of error in their data. When an animal is mentally, or …

Fostering Critical Thought Alongside The Common Core State Standards, Bianca Arias

University Honors Theses

This thesis evaluates a segment of the second grade English language arts and literacy (ELA) curriculum presently utilized in Portland Public Schools (PPS) school district in Portland, Oregon, using five principles for evaluation. These principles address the extent to which lessons are hands-on, engage home life, integrate the academic disciplines, encourage student autonomy, and are relevant to society today. These criteria were established following a review of John Dewey’s ideas and philosophies, and of two practices that model Deweyan principles: Project-Based Learning (PBL) and progettazione in the Municipal Infant/Toddler Centers and Preschools of Reggio-Emilia, Italy. This analysis of the ELA …

Divine Diets: Food And Fasting Of Medieval Mystics In The Vitae Of Thomas Of Cantimpré, Hannah Anderson

University Honors Theses

Food and fasting were central themes in the vitae of women mystics in the middle ages. However, second parties, primarily male hagiographers, recorded most of the written works about these women’s lives and spiritual experiences. Thus the question of authorship and influence arises in discerning what arose from the women themselves as opposed to their writers. In this paper I analyze the women’s vitae of one writer, Thomas of Cantimpré, from the 13^th century to find what a comparison of the texts reveal about the subjects and the author’s motivations in telling their lives. Though food and fasting features …

That Mysterious, Remisse Knot: Katherine Philips's Unincorporated Fraternity, Rene Kramer

University Honors Theses

Recent critics in early modern poetry, women’s literature, and queer studies have attempted to factor Katherine Philips’s friendship poetry into a history of homoerotic suspicion. Her metaphysical poems have been offered as a publically significant, potential erotics of textual, rather than physical, embodiment. This thesis responds by returning to the significance of the in-significance of textual representations of feminine erotics, as well as to earlier criticism of Philips as a poet of non-public life and chastity. An examination of notions of innocence in Philips’s configurations of friendship highlights an excess of innocence and a passion predicated on exception, restraint, and …

Escaping Cascadia, Todd Albertson

University Honors Theses

The preface, "Dualism and Narrative Mode," details the development of realist techniques and then looks to current research to address the question, "In what other ways can realism be maximized within fiction?" It proposes a style combining second-person imperative narration for the viewpoint character’s actions and third-person free indirect discourse for description and internalization.

The introduction, "The Geography of the Future," explores prediction within select literary works, explains mitigation reactions to such predictions, and details current geographical projections to build a picture of what the future will look like and how humans will interact with their environment.

Escaping Cascadia is …

Determining Initial Firing Temperatures Of Thule Era (1000-250 Ya) Pottery From Two Northwest Alaskan Archaeological Sites, Jonathan Duelks

University Honors Theses

This research was conducted to investigate the initial firing temperatures (IFT) of pottery from two archaeological sites in Northwest Alaska. Arctic ceramics are consistently described as low-fired technology in archaeological and ethnographic literature. However, regional and temporal variation in the quality and hardness of arctic ceramics suggests variation in firing temperatures. To describe all Arctic pottery as low-fired ignores variation in firing temperatures and ultimately in the production process. Sherds from two archaeological locales, the Cape Krusenstern site complex and the Ahteut village site, were selected to represent sites with differential access to fuel resources. IFT’s were estimated by measuring …

Digitally Enhanced Classrooms: Understanding The Effect Of Individualized Technology On Language Arts Instruction In Elementary Schools, Celine De Clercq

University Honors Theses

The use of technology in elementary classroom settings has been increasing every year. Many schools already included computer classes; however, recently there has been a large move towards individualized, or 1:1, technology as well. We now find certain schools have acquired tablets and laptops for each student – fully integrating modern technology with traditional instruction. However, in the effort to keep up with the surge of technology, schools may be ignoring the need for professional development and curriculum planning to support technology as a tool that enhances student learning. While working in an “Apple Distinguished” school that provided individual tablets …

Animals In Advertising: Eliciting Powerful Consumer Response, Resulting In Enhanced Brand Engagement, Natasha Braunwart

University Honors Theses

The use of live animals as a communications tool has been seen in thousands of commercials, many of which have received international attention through online channels. As the Internet becomes a prevalent sharing platform, the reactions from viewers can be better understood with quantifiable metrics. A new perspective on why live animals are used in advertising is given, with consideration of three branches of study. These include (1) the role of animals in advertising, (2) the role of animals in human’s everyday life, and (3) the development of brand engagement. The 2015 Super Bowl commercial line-up is looked at, and …

Culture Is A Language, Can't You Read?: Reading Gay Rights As Human Rights, Jen Corbridge

University Honors Theses

Scholars writing about postcolonialism, race, and gender have warned against universal conceptions of identity, but Western states have managed to expand their agendas through the production of a sexual citizenship. In this paper, I attempt to unpack the component structures of Clinton’s “Remarks in Recognition of International Human Rights Day” speech in order to tease out the ways in which she reproduces racist, Orientalist and Islamophobic rhetoric in order to advocate for a universal conception of sexual identity. Using contemporary scholarship that explores the intersection of sexuality, race, and nationalism, I argue that Clinton’s speech, using tried and true colonialist …

References To Gendered Grief In Children's Media: A Content Analysis Of Grief Picture Books, Machaila Budgeon

University Honors Theses

Gender stereotypes, gender roles and the underrepresentation of women permeate modern American culture. These forms of sexism limit the socially acceptable ways that children are able to express difficult emotion as they move through the grief process. This study focuses on these forms of sexism as they influence the creation and continuation of gendered grief by coding seventeen children’s grief picture books. Findings support the hypotheses that, not only are gender stereotypes, roles and the underrepresentation of both men and women present in grief picture books, but that they contribute to gendered grief. Suggestions for future research include a larger …

Green Roofs Support A Wide Diversity Of Collembola In Urban Portland, Oregon, Konrad Miziolek

University Honors Theses

Green roofs can help address habitat loss in urban areas by supporting plant and animal communities. To determine whether green roofs can support collembola biodiversity, we collected pitfall samples from April-June 2015 on two extensive and two intensive green roofs in urban Portland, Oregon. Twenty morphospecies were found across the roofs, indicating that green roofs support a diversity of collembola taxa. The intensive roofs were more biodiverse than the extensive, though roof type may not be the most significant factor affecting collembolan biodiversity. Each of the four green roofs were characterized by a different and unique most dominant morphospecies, and, …

Geochemistry And Petrography Of Igneous Components Of The Dalles Formation In The Dufur West Quadrangle, Oregon, Heather H. Herinckx

University Honors Theses

The Dalles Formation is a sequence of volcanic, volcaniclastic and sedimentary deposits of the late Miocene to Pliocene. The unit stretches along the eastern flanks of Mount Hood from Maupin, northward to the Columbia River, near The Dalles, Oregon (Figure 1). The Dalles Formation consists of lavas that are generally dacitic in composition and are composed of block-and-ash flows, debris-flows, and reworked fluvial sediments. Past workers have mapped the unit as the Dalles Formation "Undivided". The scope of this project has been to investigate the geochemical and petrographic characteristics and whether they may suggest distinct units. A section of the …

Analytic Thinking Predicts Vaccine Endorsement: Linking Cognitive Style And Affective Orientation Toward Childhood Vaccination, Daniel A. Anderson

University Honors Theses

Though popular opinion in the US is favorable toward vaccination, a growing hesitancy to vaccinate children threatens rates of uptake and coverage. In response, researchers now study psychological factors thought to influence vaccine-decisions, as having this information might be useful in addressing vaccine hesitancy in the clinic and beyond. The present thesis reviews evidence from this body of work, and shares results of a new study on the influence of analytic and intuitive thinking styles upon endorsement of childhood vaccines. In a national sample (N = 543), analytic thinking predicted endorsement alone and in the presence of covariates in …

Learning Intercultural Competency Through International Immersion Travel, Jessica Patching-Bunch

University Honors Theses

Growing informational technology and international business alongside the speed of travel, have facilitated intercultural contact and increased the need for intercultural competency. As the world shrinks there are less defined lines between "us" and "them" and there is an increased need to look beyond our differences and focus on genuine human similarities. Intercultural competency is the ability to interact and communicate with another culture without violating valued social norms. Intercultural competency is preceded by a process of exposure and adaptation to new environments. Intercultural exposure is easily facilitated by international travel. Experiences abroad can be divided into two categories, quality …

"How To Banish A Demon" : An Attempt To Present Traditional Japanese Theater To An American Audience With An Original Kyogen Play, Chrys Chabot

University Honors Theses

Can an art form that is many hundreds of years old and from a country on the other side of the world effectively entertain an modern American audience? And if it can, need it lose any of the elements that are key to its form and cultural importance to do so? This is a question many have asked when discussing multicultural theater. In this project I have attempted to bridge the gap between ancient Japan and the modern United States by writing, directing, and producing an original kyogen play. Developed in the thirteenth century, kyogens are short comedic plays similar …

The Wild Side : Get Fierce, Get Fit, Get Fun, Mason Goché

University Honors Theses

Have you ever thought about how a wild animal chooses food? How do they pick food that has the exact vitamin or micronutrient that the body needs?

Every wretched food craving that has left you over your ideal weight is to your benefit. Those cravings have kept you alive. They only show that your system is strong; your will to survive is immense. Every extra ounce that you carry signifies your fierce system overtaking you with the will to survive. Your brain taking over your body to get the nutrients it needs is like a horse breaking through barbed wire. …

Librarians, Research Scientists And Ict Adoption In Research Institutes In Ghana, Kodjo Atiso, Denice Adkins

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Since the inception of ICTs, there has been concern about the position of developing nations in relation to the technology. Whilst some studies opine that developing nations would be marginalized, other studies see a real opportunity for explosion through the technology. Indications are the technology can be a potential boon, if well managed or burden if not given the right attention. This study looks at technology adoption among librarians and research scientists in Ghana.

Identification Of Two Novel Genome-Wide Significant Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, Associated With Barrett’S Oesophagus, Determined By Further Replication Of A Genome-Wide Association Study, Laura Chegwidden

Peninsula Medical School Theses

Barrett's oesophagus (BE) is a common premalignant condition to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). A previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified BE susceptibility Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 6p21, within the HLA region, and16q23, where the closest protein-coding gene was FOXF1. The replication study outlined in this thesis aimed to identify possible additional variants that did not reach genome-wide significance in the GWAS, in up to 10,158 BE patients and 21,062 controls. Meta-analysis of the data identified two further BE susceptibility SNPs: rs3072 (2p24.1; OR=1.14; 95%CI 1.09-1.18; P=1.8×10−11); and rs2701108 (12q24.21; OR=0.90; 95%CI 0.86-0.93; P=7.5×10−9). The two closest protein-coding genes, and …

The Physical And The Divine: Images Of Inebriation In Medieval Islamic Art Of The Umayyads From The 7th To The 11th Century, Leslie Anne Schepp

LSU Master's Theses

The holy text of Islam, the Qur’an, frequently refers to wine both praising and condemning the substance. Within the confines of earth, wine is prohibited because of its intoxicating nature. Believers who imbibe wine reaching an inebriated state separate themselves from God by failing to heed his law. However, for those believers righteous enough to enter the ideal, pastoral, paradisiacal afterlife, wine is not only permitted, but a great reward from Allah. In Paradise, the righteous will lounge on soft, supple couches, and will be served copious amounts of wine from goblets of silver and glass by beautiful, immortal youths. …

Orwell's Six Cures To Bad Writing, Douglas E. Abrams

Faculty Publications

In a 1946 essay, George Orwell said among the many bad habits replete in written English are the use of dying metaphors, poor choice of appropriate verbs and nouns, pretentious dictions, and meaningless words. Sound familiar? He also offered ways to overcome these habits.

Factors Influencing Sustainable Cocoa Production In Northern Haiti, Wegbert Chery

LSU Master's Theses

Given the environmental concerns on the one hand, especially soil erosion and deforestation, and the hope that the global cocoa market offers on the other hand, cocoa production is a potential candidate to simultaneously guarantee a competitive return to investment for farmers in northern Haiti and mitigate the negative environmental impact of farming practices. It becomes crucial for policy makers and investors to know and understand the key elements of the decision to produce cocoa. Though there has been substantial effort to improve the cocoa sector in Haiti, cocoa production systems in Haiti lag behind in the area of sustainability. …

Correlation Of Ultrasonographic Small Intestinal Wall Layering With Histology In Normal Dogs, Alexandre Benjamin Le Roux

LSU Master's Theses

Five intestinal layers are commonly described ultrasonographically in dogs. However, current high-frequency endosonography allows the identification of 9 layers in people. The aim of this study was to describe ex vivo small intestinal layering in dogs and correlate ultrasonographic layering with histological layers. Our hypothesis was that, similar to findings in humans, discrepancies exist in thickness and visibility of intestinal layers between histology and ultrasound in dogs. Twelve adult dogs were included in the study. They were euthanized for reasons unrelated to gastrointestinal disease, but extensive medical history was unavailable. Duodenum, jejunum and ileum samples were resected immediately after euthanasia. …

The Case For Evidence-Based Free Exercise Accommodation: Why The Religious Freedom Restoration Act Is Bad Public Policy, Marci A. Hamilton

Articles

No abstract provided.