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Focus, 2015, Winter, Andrews University

Focus

FOCUS (ISSN 1077-9345) is published quarterly, free of charge, for alumni and friends of Andrews University, an institution owned and operated by the Seventhday Adventist Church.

Treasures In Diversity, Shirley Freed

Journal of Applied Christian Leadership

"[A]rt leads to a response of awe. Beauty does the same thing, and so does diversity. and there’s always something about light. the way the light shines on the mosaic, or the way the light shines through the glass, increases the beauty many times over. It seems clear that, in a diverse world where opinions sometimes clash, we often need some light—sometimes a lot of light."

Unknowing, Knowing: And The Link With Scripture In Pseudo-Dionysius’S Mystical Theology, Cleran Hollancid

Journal of the Adventist Theological Society

No abstract provided.

A Bibliography Of The Writings Of Gerhard Franz Hasel, Michael G. Hasel

Journal of the Adventist Theological Society

No abstract provided.

Narrative Structure Of Daniel 8: A Text Linguistic Approach, Samuel Nuñez

Journal of the Adventist Theological Society

No abstract provided.

An Unconventional Look At The Challenge Of Theodicy, David E. Thomas

Journal of the Adventist Theological Society

No abstract provided.

River Report. State Of The Lower St. Johns River Basin, Florida: Water Quality, Fisheries, Aquatic Life, Contaminants, 2015, Environmental Protection Board, City Of Jacksonville, University Of North Florida, Jacksonville University, Lucy Sonnenberg, Gerry Pinto, Nisse Goldberg, Anthony Ouellette, Gretchen Bielmyer-Fraser, Stuart J. Chalk, Peter Bacopoulos, Brian P. Zoellner

State of the River Report

No abstract provided.

Icons, Eclipses And Stepping Off The Train: Vladimir Korolenko And The Ocherk, Jane T. Costlow

All Faculty Scholarship

Russian literature has a reputation for gloomy texts, especially during the late nineteenth century. This volume argues that a 'fin-de-siècle' mood informed Russian literature long before the chronological end of the nineteenth century, in ways that had significant impact on the development of Russian realism. Some chapters consider ideas more readily associated with fin-de-siècle Europe such as degeneration theory, biodeterminism, Freudian psychoanalysis or apocalypticism, alongside earlier Russian realist texts by writers such as Turgenev, Dostoevsky or Tolstoy. Other chapters explore the changes that realism underwent as modernism emerged, examining later nineteenth-century or early twentieth-century texts in the context of the …

Plain Meaning, Precedent, And Metaphysics: Interpreting The “Point Source” Element Of The Clean Water Act Offense, Jeffrey G. Miller

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article, the fourth in a series of five, examines the continuing struggles to define “point source” and “nonpoint source” under the Clean Water Act. State regulation of nonpoint sources is neither pervasive nor robust, and most continuing water pollution problems can be traced primarily to nonpoint sources. EPA should define nonpoint sources by regulation and begin to expand the definition of point source by incorporating established case law and Agency practice to bring more nonpoint sources into the point source definition.

Impaired Glucose Metabolism In The Absence Of Skeletal Muscle Brain And Muscle Arnt-Like-Protein 1 (Bmal1), Brianna D. Harfmann

Theses and Dissertations--Physiology

Metabolism is a critical physiological function that works to generate energy for cells, store substrates and maintain homoeostasis. Alterations in normal metabolism can have a severe effect on physiology, leading to metabolic disease. Skeletal muscle is a key metabolic tissue, taking up ~80% of postprandial glucose. Therefore it contributes considerably to glucose metabolism: glucose uptake, oxidation and homeostasis. To address the role of the skeletal muscle clock in insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, our lab generated an inducible skeletal muscle specific Bmal1^-/- mouse (iMSBmal1^-/-). 5 weeks post-recombination we observed impairment in both insulin- and AICAR-stimulated skeletal …

Creating A Smartphone Application For Measuring Responses Of An Experimental Structure At Multiple Locations And For K-12 Stem Outreach Related To Structural Engineering, Kyle David Wyatt

Master's Theses and Capstones

Structural health monitoring (SHM) systems are used to measure and analyze structure data (e.g., floor accelerations and strains in structural members) to identify damage (or structural changes) to a structure. With aging infrastructures and collapses of recent structures such as the 2007 I-35W Mississippi River Bridge and the 2013 clothing factory in Bangladesh, SHM can help address an important societal issue in structural safety and reliability. In the current practice, SHM systems include dedicated sensors linked (via wires or wirelessly) to data acquisition systems. These sensing systems are typically costly and impractical for many educational curriculums. A lack of exposures …

Education As Regime Change In Aristotle's Politics, William J. Nunnally

Master's Theses and Capstones

Aristotle’s Politics is a study of political science, established by Aristotle as the practical science of all things related to the polis, the highest human community, with the purpose of securing and promoting the good life, that of noble action and happiness, for its citizens. Aristotle observes that the political communities in existence around him all fall short of this lofty goal, and much of the Politics and subsequent commentary on the Politics is an attempt to establish what type of regime is best able to achieve this highest end of the polis. This paper argues that the relationship between …

Effect Of In Vivo Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (Pbde) Treatment On Hepatic Glyceroneogenesis And Lipid Metabolism, Kylie Rose Cowens

Master's Theses and Capstones

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals that contaminate the environment. Through ingestion and inhalation, these chemicals get into the human body, where they affect the liver by suppressing the metabolic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), which is partially responsible for glyceride-glycerol production via glyceroneogenesis. This study investigated the effects of PBDE-induced hepatic PEPCK suppression on glyceroneogenesis, and the associated perturbations in liver lipid metabolism. Twenty-eight male, weanling Wistar rats were treated daily with 14 mg/kg body weight PBDE mixture, DE-71 (TRT, n=14) or corn oil vehicle (CON, n=14) for 28 days. After a 48-hour fast, rats were sacrificed and blood …

The Benefits Of Recreational Fishing In Adolescence, Sarah Elaine Leonard

Master's Theses and Capstones

Little attention has been given to how different leisure activities affect adolescents. The purpose of this study therefore was to investigate how one specific leisure activity, recreational fishing, can provide potential benefits to adolescents. Youth attending a one week fishing camp at the 4-H Barry Conservation Camp in July of 2014 were surveyed on multiple dimensions of well-being. Results indicate significant improvements in resilience, optimism, and self-esteem following the fishing camp experience. Youth reported that while fishing they engaged in a number of skillful activities (patience, self-discipline, etc.), many of which are beneficial to the positive development of youth. The …

Investigating The Recovery Of Phosphate From Anaerobic Digester Liquor Using Ion Exchange, And Its Subsequent Application As A Liquid Fertilizer, Whitney Anne Chamberlain

Master's Theses and Capstones

Currently, practices of mining phosphate rock are not sustainable and will likely lead to the depletion of global phosphate reserves in 50-100 years. One potential option to recycle phosphorus is through ion exchange. In this research, two anion exchange resins were used in jar tests to adsorb phosphate from anaerobic digester liquor. The loaded resins were then used in column regeneration experiments in which the phosphate anions were desorbed by a regenerant solution high in concentrations of chloride, hydroxide, or a combination of the two. The result was a phosphate solution that could potentially be used as a fertilizer, eliminating …

Assessing The Contributions Of Two Stocked Strains On A Minnesota-Wisconsin Border Water, Douglas Zentner

Journal of Earth and Life Science

Stocking has long been used as a management tool in the United States even though many of its effects remain cryptic. Past comparisons between stocked strains were generally based on the survival and growth rates of physically marked individuals. More recently the use of genetic markers to assess contributions of stocked individuals has been employed by fisheries managers. Using 13 microsatellite markers we assessed the contributions of two muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) strains (Wisconsin and Leech) stocked into the St. Louis River Estuary. Ancestry in the adult samples remained relatively constant with differences only observed between the 2008 and …

Using Wild I.D. As A Reliable Source For Mark And Recapture Studies On Northern Pike (Esox Lucius), Martin Evans

Journal of Earth and Life Science

Mark and recapture studies are a very popular method fisheries biologists use to assess certain fish populations in lakes. This process can be very labor intensive and expensive. Wild I.D. is free software developed by Dartmouth College that uses SIFT program to find unique features in photographs. Initially developed for identification of African land mammals the program gives each photo a score and percent match to other photos. Northern pike were used in this study to determine if the program can recognize simulated recapture events. Photos of sample fish were taken at two separate locations, the photos were then copied …

Juvenile Chinook Salmon Diet In Comparison To Invertebrate Drift In The Merced River, California, Tyler Orgon

Journal of Earth and Life Science

Diets and habitat types of salmonids have been widely studied in disturbed streams and rivers. The Merced River in California has a long history of flooding, damming, levee failures, and channel reconstruction events that has disrupted the aquatic ecosystem. This 30 day study was conducted in the Robinson Reach of the Merced River using juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawtscha). The objectives were to try and understand if juvenile Chinook salmon were selecting certain invertebrate species, determine if there were any differences in diets between habitat types, and determine whether diets and drift samples were different. Diets consisted of …

Effects Of Cooler Northern Waters On Growth Rates In Bluegill And Pumpkinseed Sunfish, Alec Spurbeck

Journal of Earth and Life Science

The Centrarchidae family range spans all across the United States making them a favorite target for many recreational anglers. In northern Minnesota, most water bodies do not reach optimal growth temperatures for the sunfishes, putting them right on the edge of their suitable range and potentially slowing overall growth. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to 1) determine if sunfish growth rates respond to the severity of winter and 2) investigate growth differences between two sunfish species. Growth rates of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) were estimated from Big Sugar Bush Lake, …

Spatial And Temporal Factors Influencing Northern Pike Fry Density Estimates, Nate Stott

Journal of Earth and Life Science

The Tamarac River in northern Minnesota is an important spawning site for northern pike (Esox lucius) in the Red Lake system. However, little is known about fry production in the river. This study investigates migration densities and spatial and temporal factors influencing northern pike fry density estimates. Northern pike fry were collected with drift nets between 28 May and 4 June 2014. Thirty northern pike fry were randomly selected to have total length measured from each sample. Northern pike fry were observed in the first sample day. Northern pike fry density maxima occurred on 29 May at midnight …

A Genetic Based Approach To Management And Stocking Of Muskellunge, Douglas Zentner

Journal of Earth and Life Science

Fish stocking has long been used as a management tool among fisheries biologists and continues to be met with popular public opinion. Despite perceived simplicity, the full effects of stocking remain cryptic for many fish populations. Stocking has frequently been used to maintain or establish successful muskellunge (Esox masquinongy) populations. Coupled with other management practices the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources (MNDNR) has established Minnesota as a premier muskellunge fishery. From 1958 to 2012 the MNDNR stocked three strains of muskellunge in Big Mantrap Lake, MN. The first from Shoepack Lake, MN (hereafter Shoepack-strain) was used until the …

Tolfenamic Acid: A Potential Modifier Of Tau Protein In Alzheimer's Disease, Joanna K. Chang

Open Access Master's Theses

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the increased abundance of amyloid beta (AB) plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau. Only a handful of medications have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since AD's discovery more than 100 years ago. These drugs only treat the symptoms and are best prescribed during the early stages of the disease. In addition, the drugs do not restore the cognitive loss. It is critical to discover a novel drug to treat and prevent this disease. We …

Shellfish Farms As Agritourism Destinations: The Growers' Perspective, Maria Vasta

Open Access Master's Theses

Agritourism encompasses a variety of different types of agricultural tourism products and can be defined broadly as the incorporation of commercial tourism into a working farm. Agritourism has been used on land as a way to diversify farm activities. As national shellfish aquaculture production in the United States increased over the years, aquaculture growers also began adopting agritourism components on their farms.

The primary objectives for this study were to (1) expand on current agritourism knowledge; (2) help to address the gap in existing literature pertaining to aquaculture farm-based tourism; and (3) provide shellfish growers and coastal managers with insights …

Injectable Conductive Hydrogels For Use In Neuroprosthetic Intervention, Rosa Ghatee

Open Access Master's Theses

Neuroprosthetic interventions are strategies aimed at treating a wide range of neurological disorders, long-term neuroprosthetic treatments traditionally require the implantation of hard metallic electrodes that must sustain their electrical connection with neural tissues for prolonged periods of time. However, surgical introduction of these electrodes and their mechanical mismatch with neural tissues results in inflammation, which disrupts their electrical interface. Our aim was to develop soft, injectable, and conducting hydrogel-based electrode materials and characterize their sustained mechanical and electrical properties before and after sterilization and injection. These gels were made from poly (3-4, ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) (a conductive polymer) and poly (acrylic …

'Not Much Power In A Dead Man's Voice': Perfected Memory, Configured Ideology, And The Representation Of Self In Kawabata Yasunari's Jyurokusai No Nikki, James A. Wren

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

Contrary to its title, the 1968 Nobel Laureate for Literature Kawabata Yasunari's early diary Jyurokusai no nikki (Diary of a Sixteen Year Old) is anything but an unassuming chronicle of a single year in a young man's life. The complicated structure of reality in this work is constituted by homologous realities belonging to several distinct discourses which when read together co-signify something that none separately could. Certainly, we become privileged readers who, as we read, share a quest not just to perfect the mandate of self-knowledge but also to perfect the language of memory, identity and culture as the privileged, …

Tracking Control For Non-Minimum Phase System And Brain Computer Interface, Yacine Boudria

Open Access Dissertations

For generations, humans dreamed about the ability to communicate and interact with machines through thought alone or to create devices that can peer into a person’s mind and thoughts. Researchers have developed new technologies to create brain computer interfaces (BCIs), communication systems that do not depend on the brain’s normal output pathways of peripheral nerves and muscles. The objective of the first part of this thesis is to develop a new BCI based on electroencephalography (EEG) to move a computer cursor over a short training period in real time. The work motivations of this part are to increase: speed and …

Cologna V. Board Of Trustees, Police & Firemen’S Retirement System, Erik W. Lane

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

Training Students To Provide Grief Counseling, Michael Hannon, Brandon Hunt

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This conceptual manuscript describes how counselor education programs can benefit from integrating grief counseling content into existing curricula, as well as the issues that make that implementation challenging. The authors offer practical strategies and suggestions for course content and activities, and discuss implications for future research in this area.

Rethinking Immigration’S Mandatory Detention Regime: Politics, Profit, And The Meaning Of “Custody”, Philip L. Torrey

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Immigration detention in the United States is a crisis that needs immediate attention. U.S. immigration detention facilities hold a staggering number of persons. Widely believed to have the largest immigration detention population in the world, the United States detained approximately 478,000 foreign nationals in Fiscal Year 2012. U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), the agency responsible for immigration enforcement, boasts that the figure is “an all-time high.” In some ways, these numbers are unsurprising, considering that the United States incarcerates approximately one in every one hundred adults within its borders—a rate five to ten times higher than any other Westernized …

Cellular And Molecular Mechanisms Of Fungal Β-(1→6)-Glucan In Macrophages, Ilka Noss, Tammy R. Ozment, Bridget M. Graves, Michael D. Kruppa, Peter J. Rice, David L. Williams

ETSU Faculty Works

Over the last 40-yr, the majority of research on glucans has focused on β-(1→3)-glucans. Recent studies indicate that β-(1→6)-glucans may be even more potent immune modulators than β-(1→3)-glucans. Mechanisms by which β-(1→6)-glucans are recognized and modulate immunity are unknown. In this study, we examined the interaction of purified water-soluble β-(1→6)-glucans with macrophage cell lines and primary peritoneal macrophages and the cellular and molecular consequences of this interaction. Our results indicate the existence of a specific β-(1→6)-glucan receptor that internalizes the glucan ligand via a clathrin-dependent mechanism. We show that the known β-(1→3)-glucans receptors are not responsible for β-(1→6)-glucan recognition and …