Digital Commons Network^™

Estimating Ecological Production From Biomass, David G. Jenkins

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

Productivity-diversity relationships (P/D) are a vital theme in ecology, but productivity is typically not measured directly in that research. Instead, biomass (B) is the most common proxy for productivity, often as a 1: 1 substitute. Unfortunately, this practice may cause error and uncertainty in P/D research, due to the fundamental difference between B and P and variable P/B ratios among and within systems. As a result, P/D research often measures a B/D relationship but interprets it as P/D. Fortunately, plausible, statistically legitimate and predictive P/B relationships can be found with careful analyses based on model selection of alternative allometric scaling …

Resolution Of Crohn's Disease And Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Following Treatment Of Paratuberculosis, J. Todd Kuenstner, William Chamberlin, Saleh A. Naser, Michael T. Collins, Coad Thomas Dow, John M. Aitken, Stuart Weg, Grzegorz Telega, Kuruvilla John, David Haas, Torsten M. Eckstein, Maher Kali, Christine Welch, Thomas Petrie

Faculty Bibliography 2010s

A cohort of family members with various chronic diseases including Crohn's disease, asthma, complex regional pain syndrome, hypothyroidism, type 1 diabetes mellitus, and lymphangiomatosis and/or evidence of infection by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) are described in this series of case reports. MAP was cultured from the blood of three members affected by the first five diseases and there was accompanying elevated anti-MAP IgG in two members. The patient affected by the sixth disease has a markedly elevated anti-MAP titer. The two patients affected by the first four diseases have been treated with a combination of anti-MAP antibiotics and ultraviolet …

The Use Of Lethal Force By Canadian Police Officers: Assessing The Influence Of Female Police Officers And Minority Threat Explanations On Police Shootings Across Large Cities, Jason T. Carmichael, Stephanie L. Kent

Criminology, Anthropology, & Sociology Faculty Publications

This study examines the applicability of several theoretically derived accounts used to explain the variations in police killings across 39 of Canada’s largest cities over a 15-year period. Pooled time-series negative binomial regression results are consistent with the ethnic threat hypothesis by indicating that lethal police action is associated with the size of the ethnic minority population in each city. Political accounts are supported as non-linear specifications suggest that once ethnic minorities reach a numerical majority in our sample of cities there is a decline in police killings. Findings also support expectations that greater female representation within policing will reduce …

A Study Of The Effect Of Bacillus Thuringiensis Serotype H14 (Subspecies Israelensis)Delta Endotoxin On Musca Larva, Mohammad Reza Mehrabi, Laya Zoghimofrad, Mahboubeh Mazinani, Azim Akbarzadeh, Amirabbas Rahimi

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: House flies (Musca domestica) are of major public health concern in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene conditions. Biological control through the use of parasitoids and pathogens is one of the alternatives to the use of chemical pesticides for control of insects of public health importance. Materials and methods: The effects of the delta endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis on house fly larval mortality were studied. Gel filtration and SDS-PAGE methods were used for separation and purification of proteins. Delta endotoxin was incubated with larvae in concentrations of 0.43 mg/mL and 0.27 mg/mL in bioassay tests. Results: The results of …

Effects Of Melatonin And Theanine Administration On Pentylenetetrazole-Inducedseizures And Brain Tissue Oxidative Damage In Ovariectomized Rats, Shadi Choopankareh, Farzaneh Vafaee, Mohammad Naser Shafei, Hamid Reza Sadeghnia, Reza Salarinia, Leila Zarepoor, Mahmoud Hosseini

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The effects of coadministration of melatonin and theanine (Mel/Thea) on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures and brain tissue oxidative damage were investigated in ovariectomized (OVX) and sham-operated rats. Materials and methods: The rats were divided into the following groups: 1) sham, 2) ovariectomized (OVX), 3) sham-PTZ, 4) OVX-PTZ, 5) sham-Mel/Thea-PTZ, and 6) OVX-Mel/Thea-PTZ. Groups 1-4 received saline, while groups 5 and 6 received a combination of Mel/Thea for 6 weeks. All animals except for those in groups 1 and 2 received a single injection of PTZ. Results: The OVX-PTZ group had higher generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS) latency compared to the sham-PTZ …

Hepatoprotective And Antioxidant Effects Of Lycopene In Acute Cholestasis, Mehmet Tokaç, Sevtap Aydin, Gökçe Taner, Alper Bi̇lal Özkardeş, Mi̇ne Yavuz Taşlipinar, Mehmet Doğan, Hali̇t Zi̇ya Dündar, Mehmet Kiliç, Ari̇f Ahmet Başaran, Ayşe Nurşen Başaran

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Lycopene, which is suggested to be a potent antioxidant, may play a protective role in diseases related to oxidative stress. In order to understand the effects of lycopene in the pathogenesis of cholestasis, we investigated the effects of lycopene on oxidative stress parameters and DNA damage induced by experimental biliary obstruction in the liver tissues and the lymphocytes of Wistar albino rats. Materials and methods: The animals were randomized into 3 groups. The sham group was subjected to a sham operation, the BDL group was subjected to bile duct ligation (BDL), and the BDL+L group was subjected to BDL …

The Effect Of Tramadol And Tramadol + Gabapentin Combination In Patients With Lumbar Disc Herniation After Epidural Steroid Injection, Lütfi̇ye Pi̇rbudak, Hülya Çi̇çek, Mustafa Işik, Yasemi̇n Zer

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To compare the effects of tramadol-only treatment and tramadol + gabapentin treatment in patients who had received an epidural steroid injection. Materials and methods: Forty patients with hernia disc-originated acute lumbar discogenic pain were evaluated. All patients received a single dose of steroid and local anesthesia mixture epidurally via the lumbar approach. In both groups, Group T (tramadol, n = 20) and Group TG (tramadol + gabapentin, n = 20), the injection dose was adjusted to 4 mL of triamcinolone acetonide and 0.25% bupivacaine mixture. Orally, 75 mg/day tramadol or 75 mg/day tramadol + 900 mg/day gabapentin were added …

Visual And Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials In Infants Withsevere Vitamin B12 Deficiency, Ni̇hat Demi̇r, Ahmet Koç, Mahmut Abuhandan, Mustafa Çalik, Akin İşcan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Vitamin B12 plays an important role in the development of mental, motor, cognitive, and social functions via its role in DNA synthesis and nerve myelination. Its deficiency in infants might cause neuromotor retardation as well as megaloblastic anemia. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of infantile vitamin B12 deficiency on evoked brain potentials and determine whether improvement could be obtained with vitamin B12 replacement at appropriate dosages. Materials and methods: Thirty patients with vitamin B12 deficiency and 30 age-matched healthy controls were included in the study. Hematological parameters, visual evoked potentials, and brainstem auditory evoked …

Characterization Of Klebsiella Isolates By Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (Maldi-Tof Ms) And Determination Of Antimicrobial Resistance With Vitek 2 Advanced Expert System (Aes), Alper Karagöz, Sümeyra Acar, Hani̇fi̇ Körkoca

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the performance of the VITEK mass spectrometry (MS) (bioMérieux, France) system for the identification of Klebsiella spp. isolated from different sources. Moreover, while assessing the ability of the VITEK 2 automated expert system (AES) to recognize antimicrobial resistance patterns, the researchers have extended the study to compare VITEK 2 with the routine antimicrobial susceptibility testing method. Materials and methods: This study tested 51 Klebsiella spp. isolates that were isolated from environmental examples and clinical examples. Results of conventional methods and the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS were compared. Then, any …

Overview Of Australian Indigenous Health Status, 2014, Jane Burns, Samantha Burrow, Neil Drew, Michelle Elwell, Caitlin Gray, Millie Harford-Mills, Joanne Hoareau, Renee Lynch, Andrea Macrae, Trish O'Hara, Christine Potter, Kathy Ride, Avinna Trzesinski

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The main purpose of the Overview is to provide a comprehensive summary of the most recent indicators of the health and current health status of Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. It has been prepared by the Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet as a part of our contribution to ‘closing the gap’ in health between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and other Australians by making relevant, high quality knowledge and information easily accessible to policy makers, health service providers, other health professionals including Health workers, program managers, clinicians, researchers, students and the general community.

The initial sections of this Overview …

An In Vitro And In Vivo Investigation Of The Cytotoxic Effects Of Caffeic Acid (3,4-Dihydroxycinnamic Acid) Phenethyl Ester And Bortezomib In Multiple Myeloma Cells, Ertan Altayli, Özgür Koru, Önder Öngürü, Tayfun İde, Cengi̇zhan Açikel, Meral Sarper, Mualla Pinar Elçi̇, Rahşan Ilikçi Sağkan, Erhan Astarci, Duran Tok, Sali̇m Özenç, Ali̇ Uğur Ural, Feri̇t Avcu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

In this study, the in vitro and in vivo effectiveness of caffeic acid (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) phenethyl ester (CAPE) in combination with bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, was explored in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Materials and methods: The cytotoxic effects of CAPE and bortezomib were determined by XTT cell proliferation assay. Apoptosis levels were analyzed with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate, nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-\kappaB) was analyzed with electrophoretic mobility-shift assay, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to evaluate CAPE's mechanism of action. To investigate the in vivo effectiveness of CAPE and bortezomib, an experimental plasmacytoma model was induced …

Effects Of Grape Seed Extract On Oxidative Stress And Antioxidant Defensemarkers In Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats, Muaz Belvi̇ranli, Hakki Gökbel, Ni̇lsel Okudan, Sadik Büyükbaş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To evaluate the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and methods: Thirty-six male rats were divided into the following four groups: control, GSE-supplemented control, diabetic, and GSE-supplemented diabetic. Beginning on day 7 after STZ injection, the rats were administered GSE (100 mg kg-1 day-1) in drinking water for 6 weeks. At the end of week 6, rats were sacrificed by cardiac puncture. Plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels and xanthine oxidase (XO), adenosine deaminase (ADA), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were analyzed. Results: Both XO and ADA …

Prevention Of Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity By Concomitantadministration Of Garlic Aqueous Extract In Rat, Walaa Ahmed, Amr Zaki, Taghred Nabil

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Methotrexate (MTX) has been widely used for treatment of cancer and rheumatoid arthritis, but its use has been limited by its nephrotoxicity. This study was carried out to determine whether garlic exerts a protective effect against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity. Materials and methods: Nephrotoxicity was induced in rats after a single i.p. injection of MTX (20 mg/kg). Garlic extract (1 mL/100 g b.w.) was given orally for 7 days before and after MTX administration. Serum samples were collected to evaluate urea, creatinine, sodium, phosphorous, potassium, and calcium. Reduced glutathione, catalase, adenosine deaminase, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde were measured in renal tissue. …

Proceedings Of The 2nd Annual Cuny Games Festival, Robert O. Duncan, Joe Bisz, Francesco Crocco, Carlos Hernandez, Kathleen Offenholley, Maura A. Smale, Deborah Sturm, Cuny Games Network

Publications and Research

Proceedings of the CUNY Games Conference, held from January 16-17, 2015, at the CUNY Graduate Center and Borough of Manhattan Community College.

Health Games - Language and Composition - Design: Classroom Considerations - Games in the Physical Environment - Games and Behavioral Science - Play, Politics & Economics - Gaming Curricula, Disciplines & Programs - Gaming and History - Institutional Programming with Games - Philosophy and Roleplaying - Ed. Game Design: Strategy & Tactics - Repurposing Game Genres - Narrative, Storytelling & Games - Community & Social Justice - Extemporaneity - Personal & Social Transformation - Cognition, Design & Play …

56 | Gamla Iii: The Shmarya Gutmann Excavations 1976–1989: Finds And Studies, Part 1, Danny Syon

IAA Reports—Monograph Series of the Israel Antiquities Authority

This volume is Part 1 of the publication of the finds from Gamla. Chapter 1 presents an overview of the history of Gamla and a background for the many rich finds. This first volume presents the finds related to the Jewish War and the coins, a prime chronological indicator. Part 2 (IAA Reports 59) presents the many other finds.

57 | Caesarea Maritima, Volume I: Herod’S Circus And Related Buildings, Part 2: The Finds, Yosef Porath

IAA Reports—Monograph Series of the Israel Antiquities Authority

This is Part 2 of Volume I in a series of final reports of the IAA Excavation Project at Caesarea (1992–1998), the renowned ancient city built by King Herod. Volume 1: Part 2 presents the pottery, coins and glass finds from excavations in Herod’s Circus.

Rapid Recovery Of An Urban Remnant Reptile Community Following Summer Wildfire, Robert A. Davis, Tim S. Doherty

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Reptiles in urban remnants are threatened with extinction by increased fire frequency, habitat fragmentation caused by urban development, and competition and predation from exotic species. Understanding how urban reptiles respond to and recover from such disturbances is key to their conservation. We monitored the recovery of an urban reptile community for five years following a summer wildfire at Kings Park in Perth, Western Australia, using pitfall trapping at five burnt and five unburnt sites. The reptile community recovered rapidly following the fire. Unburnt sites initially had higher species richness and total abundance, but burnt sites rapidly converged, recording a similar …

Multiple Drivers Of Decline In The Global Status Of Freshwater Crayfish (Decapoda: Astacidea), Nadia I. Richman, Monika Bohm, Susan Adams, Fernando Alvarez, Elizabeth A. Bergey, John J.S. Bunn, Quinton Burnham, Jay Cordeiro, Jason Coughran, Keith A. Crandall, Kathryn L. Dawkins, Robert J. Distefano, Niall E. Doran, Lennart Edsman, Arnold G. Eversole, Leopold Fureder, James M. Furse, Francessa Gherardi, Premek Hamr, David M. Holdich, Pierre Horwitz, Kerrylyn Johnston, Clive M. Jones, Julia P.G. Jones, Robert L. Jones, Thomas G. Jones, Tadashi Kawai, Susan Lawler, Marilu Lopez-Mejia, Rebecca M. Miller, Carlos Pedraza-Lara, Julian D. Reynolds, Alastair M.M. Richardson, Mark B. Schiltz, Guenter A. Schuster, Peter J. Sibley, Catherine Souty-Grosset, Christopher A. Taylor, Roger F. Thoma, Jerry Walls, Todd S. Walsh, Ben Collen

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Rates of biodiversity loss are higher in freshwater ecosystems than in most terrestrial or marine ecosystems, making freshwater conservation a priority. However, prioritization methods are impeded by insufficient knowledge on the distribution and conservation status of freshwater taxa, particularly invertebrates. We evaluated the extinction risk of the world's 590 freshwater crayfish species using the IUCN Categories and Criteria and found 32% of all species are threatened with extinction. The level of extinction risk differed between families, with proportionally more threatened species in the Parastacidae and Astacidae than in the Cambaridae. Four described species were Extinct and 21% were assessed as …

The Role Of Apoe-Ε4 And Beta Amyloid In The Differential Rate Of Recovery From Ect : A Review, T. A. Sutton, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Stephanie Rainey-Smith, S. M. Bird, M. Weinborn, Ralph Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Individual biological differences may contribute to the variability of outcomes, including cognitive effects, observed following electroconvulsive treatment (ECT). A narrative review of the research literature on carriage of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE-ε4) and the protein biomarker beta amyloid (Aβ) with ECT cognitive outcome was undertaken. ECT induces repeated brain seizures and there is debate as to whether this causes brain injury and long-term cognitive disruption. The majority of ECT is administered to the elderly (over age 65 years) with drug-resistant depression. Depression in the elderly may be a symptom of the prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease …

Failure Of Science, Death Of Nature, H.F. Recher

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

As a people, Australians have lost contact with the world of nature, Risking the collapse of civilization. One factor in the alienation of nature in Australia is the failure of the scientific community to take responsibility for the technology created by the knowledge generated from scientific research. Science has failed to protect Australia's flora and fauna. Scientists must communicate more widely with society, but need to be educated on how to communicate and on their ethical responsibilities to others and other species. Government needs to show leadership in environmental management and nature conservation, while conservationists need to 'invert the paradigm', …

A New Qualitative Typology To Classify Treading Water Movement Patterns, Christophe Schnitzler, Chris Button, James L. Croft, Ludovic Seifert

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This study proposes a new qualitative typology that can be used to classify learners treading water into different skill-based categories. To establish the typology, 38 participants were videotaped while treading water and their movement patterns were qualitatively analyzed by two experienced biomechanists. 13 sport science students were then asked to classify eight of the original participants after watching a brief tutorial video about how to use the typology. To examine intra-rater consistency, each participant was presented in a random order three times. Generalizability (G) and Decision (D) studies were performed to estimate the importance variance due to rater, occasion, video …

Amyloid-Related Memory Decline In Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease In Dependent On Apoe Ε4 And Is Detectable Over 18-Months, Christine Thai, Yen Ying Lim, Victor L. Villemagne, Simon Laws, David Ames, Kathryn A. Ellis, Stephanie Rainey-Smith, Ralph Martins, Colin L. Masters, Christopher C. Rowe, Paul Maruff, Australian Imaging, Biomarkers And Lifestyle (Aibl) Research Group

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

High levels of β-amyloid (Aβ) in the brain and carriage of the APOE ε4 allele have each been linked to cognitive impairment in cognitively normal (CN) older adults. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cerebral Aβ level, APOE ε4 carrier status, and cognitive decline over 18 monthes, in 317 cognitively healthy (CN) older adults (47% males, 52.4% females) aged between 60 and 89 years (Mean = 69.9, SC = 6.8). Cognition was assessed using the Cogstate Brief Battery (CBB) and the California Verbal Learning Test, Second Edition (CVLT-II). Planned comparisons indicated that CN older adults …

Household Insect Pest Guide, Brandon Frederick

Department of Entomology: Distance Master of Science Projects

Cockroaches 2-8
Termites 9
Ants 10-13
Flies 14-23
Beetles 24
Silverfish 25-26
Bedbugs 27
Head lice 28

Mosquito-Borne Diseases In Mississippi, Ryan J. Rodriguez

Department of Entomology: Distance Master of Science Projects

Life Cycle:
Egg Must be exposed to water to hatch
Larvae Live in aquatic habitats
Pupa Stay near the surface of water to breath
Adults: Only females feed on blood; Males feed on nectar

Public Health •Besides being a nuisance, they cause numerous health hazards to humans (and other animals) •In some cases, they may cause severe allergic reactions •Diseases they transmit: •Eastern Equine Encephalitis •Japanese Encephalitis •La Crosse Encephalitis •St. Louis Encephalitis •West Nile Virus •Western Equine Encephalitis •Dengue Fever •Malaria •Rift Valley Fever •Yellow Fever

Mosquito-Borne Diseases in Mississippi and its Vectors •Chikungunya Virus •Aedes species •Eastern Equine …

Piophilidae Distribution In Consideration Of Forensic Applications, Electra Ragan

Department of Entomology: Distance Master of Science Projects

Notes on Decomposition

Decomposition as understood by our ancestors has mystical overtones with foggy roots; the reasons behind the beliefs are not readily understood from a twenty-first-century westerner’s perspective. Gases that built up inside the deceased and oozing fluids from the membranes were explained away as flesh-eating vampires after a night’s feasting (they were bloated and full). Freshly culled meat became a source to maggots and flies as it aged, transferring its “life force” from one being into another (Sachs 2001). A mere century or two ago, Louis Pasteur would be the first westerner to directly link “moulds, mucors and …

Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda) Control By Rnai As A Plausible Component To Integrated Pest Management Practices, Jonathan W. Robeson

Department of Entomology: Distance Master of Science Projects

Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) control through RNAi machinery as a novel mode of action is a weapon sought after by the agricultural community to squelch the growing problem of S. frugiperda resistance to pesticides and transgenic crops. Significant gains in the understanding of RNAi cellular interactions and insect gene silencing are represented to provide opportunities to influence further research of S. frugiperda RNAi. This composition highlights the intracellular action of dsRNA, successful RNAi attempts on insect pests, the biological difficulty of S. frugiperda and how RNAi success against S. frugiperda would be highly advantageous in the quest to …

Enacting Change Through Borrowed Legitimacy: An Institutional Perspective, Eric Shaunn Mattingly, Jonathan H. Westover

Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

The notion of enacting change in lieu of the forces that promote institutionalization is troublesome to Institutional Theory, which generally predicts isomorphism as a condition of survival. Here, we offer borrowed legitimacy through coalitions as an explanation for how an organization might successfully deviate from social norms to enact change, yet still gain sufficient cognitive and sociopolitical legitimacy for survival. We explain that borrowing legitimacy through a coalition allows an illegitimate organization to impose an alternative future despite institutional pressures for its convergence to social norms, rules and expectations.

Regolith Erosion At Grinnell Glacier, Glacier National Park, Montana, Connor Devon Lindenberg, Jaakko Putkonen

Undergraduate Theses and Senior Projects

Glacier National Park is located within a mountainous region in western Montana. Due to recent glaciation, moraines are present at the upper elevations throughout the park. These young moraines erode at a rapid pace when first exposed by melting ice due to: age, vegetation cover, local climate, and human/animal activity. Using repeat photography in conjunction with lab work I was able to determine that the Grinnell Glacier moraine’s crest is lowering at a much faster pace than previously published rates. Conservation policy within the park should be adjusted to reflect this information and additional research should be conducted to determine …

The Sub-Saharan Water Crisis: An Analysis Of Its Impact On Public Health In Urban And Rural Nigeria, Megan Hannemann 15

Honor Scholar Theses

Today, 11% of the global population still lacks access to clean water, one of humans’ most basic needs. Those who lack a safe water source are largely concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa, where only 61% have access to safe water. Within this region, large disparities exist that hide the severity of the problem for some communities. The term “water crisis” is often used to describe the lack of water access throughout the world and the resulting consequences. In this thesis, the impact the water crisis has on public health in sub-Saharan Africa was analyzed using Nigeria as a model nation. Specific …

A Phenomenological Inquiry Into The Low Rates Of Influenza Vaccination Among Older African Americans, Delia Roxanne Howson-Santana

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Influenza vaccination is recommended for persons with high-risk health conditions such as chronic diseases to prevent flu-related complications and death. African Americans 65 years and older have consistently been reported to have the lowest influenza vaccination rates compared to all other racial groups, despite having higher rates of chronic diseases. A review of the literature indicated that there is a dearth of qualitative studies examining the grounds for these low rates. In this study, 15 African Americans 65 years and older were interviewed to explore the factors that contribute to low rates of flu vaccination among this racial group. Research …