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2014

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When Can We Reduce Multi-Variable Range Estimation Problem To Two Fewer-Variable Problems?, Joe Lorkowski, Olga Kosheleva, Luc Longpre, Vladik Kreinovich Dec 2014

When Can We Reduce Multi-Variable Range Estimation Problem To Two Fewer-Variable Problems?, Joe Lorkowski, Olga Kosheleva, Luc Longpre, Vladik Kreinovich

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Sometimes, a function f of n variables can be represented as a composition of two functions of fewer variables. In this case, the problem of computing the range of f on given intervals can be reduced to two range-computation problems with fewer variables. In this paper, we describe a feasible algorithm that checks whether such a reduction is possible -- and, if it is possible, produces the desired reduction.

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50 Years Of Fuzzy: From Discrete To Continuous To -- Where?, Vladik Kreinovich, Hung T. Nguyen, Olga Kosheleva, Rujira Ouncharoen Dec 2014

50 Years Of Fuzzy: From Discrete To Continuous To -- Where?, Vladik Kreinovich, Hung T. Nguyen, Olga Kosheleva, Rujira Ouncharoen

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

While many objects and processes in the real world are discrete, from the computational viewpoint, discrete objects and processes are much more difficult to handle than continuous ones. As a result, a continuous approximation is often a useful way to describe discrete objects and processes. We show that the need for such an approximation explains many features of fuzzy techniques, and we speculate on to which promising future directions of fuzzy research this need can lead us.

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Among Several Successful Algorithms, Simpler Ones Usually Work Better: A Possible Explanation Of An Empirical Observation, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva Dec 2014

Among Several Successful Algorithms, Simpler Ones Usually Work Better: A Possible Explanation Of An Empirical Observation, Vladik Kreinovich, Olga Kosheleva

Departmental Technical Reports (CS)

Often, several different algorithms can solve a certain practical problem. Sometimes, algorithms which are successful in solving one problem can solve other problems as well. How can we decide which of the original algorithms is the most promising -- i.e., which is more probable to be able to solve other problem? In many cases, the simplest algorithms turns out to be the most successful. In this paper, we provide a possible explanation for this empirical observation.

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Forest Farming Ramps, Jim Chamberlain, Dana Beegle, Katie Lajeunesse Connette Dec 2014

Forest Farming Ramps, Jim Chamberlain, Dana Beegle, Katie Lajeunesse Connette

Agroforestry Notes (USDA-NAC)

The spring ephemeral, Allium tricoccum Ait. (called ramps in the south and wild leeks in more northern areas), is native to the forests of eastern North America. Ramps can be found growing in patches in rich, moist, deciduous forests in eastern North America. They begin to emerge when the soil temperatures increase after snow melt, which usually occurs in late March and early April, depending on geographic location. Young plants send up smooth, broad leaves that die back as the shrub and tree canopy closes, reducing the amount of sunlight that reaches the ramps. Patches of ramps often can be …

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Singing With A Sanxian: A Study Of The Principal Instrument In Bai Musical Tradition , Christian Stanbrook Dec 2014

Singing With A Sanxian: A Study Of The Principal Instrument In Bai Musical Tradition , Christian Stanbrook

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The Bai people, a minority group in the People’s Republic of China numbering at least 1.8 million, are heavily concentrated in Yunnan Province’s Dali Autonomous Prefecture. Music has historically been a significant part of Bai culture, as Bai musicians across the region enjoy performing Baizu diao, or popular Bai folk tunes, in the form of singing or on various instruments. These diao, or melodies, often describe the lifestyle of Bai people and the region in which they live in and are commonly performed on a threestringed member of the lute family called a sanxian. This study uncovers both the history …

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Evaluating Current Management Of Drug-Resistanttuberculosis In Mumbai, India, Meryl Kus Dec 2014

Evaluating Current Management Of Drug-Resistanttuberculosis In Mumbai, India, Meryl Kus

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

This research was aimed at analyzing the current state of drug resistant tuberculosis in Mumbai and how effectively different actors in the realm of public health are managing DR-TB. The methods for this project involved a variety of semi-structured interviews as well as field observation. Key findings show a very present and largely negative private sector influence, effective NGO models for disease control, a burden of DR-TB/HIV comorbidity, and a rapid increase to transmission-based spread of DR-TB. Key implications of conclusions include the necessity of increasing the private sector’s compliance with WHO standards, adaptation of community and education based NGO …

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Combinatorial Proofs Of Fibonomial Identities, Arthur Benjamin, Elizabeth Reiland Dec 2014

Combinatorial Proofs Of Fibonomial Identities, Arthur Benjamin, Elizabeth Reiland

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

We provide a list of simple looking identities that are still in need of combinatorial proof.

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Decb2014, Robert Kelly Dec 2014

Decb2014, Robert Kelly

Robert Kelly Manuscripts

From December 2014 Robert Kelly Archive.

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Decd2014, Robert Kelly Dec 2014

Decd2014, Robert Kelly

Robert Kelly Manuscripts

From December 2014 Robert Kelly Archive.

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Deci2014, Robert Kelly Dec 2014

Deci2014, Robert Kelly

Robert Kelly Manuscripts

From December 2014 Robert Kelly Archive.

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Decj2014, Robert Kelly Dec 2014

Decj2014, Robert Kelly

Robert Kelly Manuscripts

From December 2014 Robert Kelly Archive.

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Dech2014, Robert Kelly Dec 2014

Dech2014, Robert Kelly

Robert Kelly Manuscripts

From December 2014 Robert Kelly Archive.

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Decg2014, Robert Kelly Dec 2014

Decg2014, Robert Kelly

Robert Kelly Manuscripts

From December 2014 Robert Kelly Archive.

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Dece2014, Robert Kelly Dec 2014

Dece2014, Robert Kelly

Robert Kelly Manuscripts

From December 2014 Robert Kelly Archive.

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Fate Control And Human Rights: The Policies And Practices Of Local Governance In America’S Arctic, Mara Kimmel Dec 2014

Fate Control And Human Rights: The Policies And Practices Of Local Governance In America’S Arctic, Mara Kimmel

Alaska Law Review

The loss of territoriality over lands conveyed under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act had adverse impacts for Alaskan tribal governance. Despite policy frameworks that emphasize the value of local governance at an international, regional, and statewide level, Alaskan tribes face unique obstacles to exercising their authority, with consequences for both human development and human rights. This Article examines how territoriality was lost and analyzes the four major effects of this loss on tribal governance. It then describes two distinct but complimentary strategies to rebuilding tribal governance authority that rely on both territorial and non-territorial authority.

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Northwest Houston Academic Center Newsletter- December 2014, Elizabeth Jean Brumfield Dec 2014

Northwest Houston Academic Center Newsletter- December 2014, Elizabeth Jean Brumfield

Newsletter Collections

No abstract provided.

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A Partnership To Enhance Community Health Education For Rn To Bsn Students., Cathy Abell, Lori Alexander, Tonya Bragg-Underwood Dec 2014

A Partnership To Enhance Community Health Education For Rn To Bsn Students., Cathy Abell, Lori Alexander, Tonya Bragg-Underwood

Nursing Faculty Publications

This article shares a unique model of collaboration between a school of nursing and a community business to offer an on-site occupational health clinical experience for RN to BSN students. This activity could be easily replicated by others to provide a learning opportunity for nursing students. Hospitals remain the primary site of employment for nurses. However, with health care reform nurses are exploring many new opportunities including many settings in the community (Black, 2014). Incorporating community health into nursing curriculum is a necessity; however, providing meaningful clinical experiences can be a challenge for faculty. To meet students' learning needs, faculty …

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Isotopic Constraints On Atmospheric Moisture Transport Processes In South America, Kimberly Samuels-Crow Dec 2014

Isotopic Constraints On Atmospheric Moisture Transport Processes In South America, Kimberly Samuels-Crow

Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs

The water cycle in the tropics and subtropics exerts a strong influence on Earth's climate. Isotopic ratios in modern water vapor can provide us with insights into low-latitude moisture-transport processes in the modern climate system, recorded in paleoclimate proxy records, and in general circulation models that we rely on to understand how our climate is changing. Advances in satellite and groundbased instruments in the past decade have improved measurements of isotopes in water vapor. In this study, I focus on satellite (chapters 2 and 3) and ground-based (chapters 2 and 4) measurements of isotopes in atmospheric water vapor to evaluate …

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Out-Of-School Suspensions And Academic Achievement In Indiana High Schools, Joseph A. Voelker Dec 2014

Out-Of-School Suspensions And Academic Achievement In Indiana High Schools, Joseph A. Voelker

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to determine whether schools that impose more days of out-of-school suspension as a discipline consequence in Indiana high schools have a relationship with the academic results of the school. The study was conducted by administering a survey to all Indiana public high school principals. Eighty-nine principals responded to the Principal Survey on High School Discipline. The Principal Survey on High School Discipline asked respondents the number of days a student would be suspended out of school for first time offenses to 18 common discipline infractions. The sum of out-of-school suspension days (called the suspension …

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Ua66 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter, Cheryl Stevens, Dean Dec 2014

Ua66 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Newsletter, Cheryl Stevens, Dean

Ogden College of Science & Engineering Publications

No abstract provided.

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Website Fingerprinting Attacks And Defenses On Anonymity Networks, Xiang Cai Dec 2014

Website Fingerprinting Attacks And Defenses On Anonymity Networks, Xiang Cai

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Website fingerprinting attacks enable an adversary to infer which website a victim is visiting, even if the victim uses an encrypting proxy, such as Tor. As a result, researchers have proposed several defenses, most of which focus mainly on hiding packet size information. For example, Tor packs all data into 512-byte cells. Other packet padding schemes include padding to 2^k bytes, or padding all packets to MTU. In 2009, Wright, et al. | proposed traffic morphing, which alters the size of the packets transmitted so that the packet size distribution appears to be from a different web page. Recently researchers …

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Multilingual Named Entity Recognition, Vivek V. Kulkarni Dec 2014

Multilingual Named Entity Recognition, Vivek V. Kulkarni

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

With the massive amounts of unannotated text available from myriad sources, learning representations useful for natural language processing(NLP) tasks is an increasingly popular research area. Using deep learning techniques, we learn distributed representations for words (word embeddings) using Wikipedia as the source of text for 40 languages. These distributed representations represent each word as a point in feature space and capture useful semantic and syntactic properties of words amd have been shown to be useful in NLP Tasks like Part of Speech Tagging(POS) etc. We have built 2 classes of word embeddings namely Polyglot and Skipgram for these languages. We …

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A Scalable Physics-Based Data Modeling Framework To Unsupervised High-Dimensional Data Mining, Hao Huang Dec 2014

A Scalable Physics-Based Data Modeling Framework To Unsupervised High-Dimensional Data Mining, Hao Huang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Today's modeling and analysis of high-dimensional data is either based on human expertise to hand-craft a set of task-specific data, which suffers significantly from the ever-increasing complexity and the unknown patterns of the new data; or is based on simple data-driven approaches which tend to lose the fundamentally physical insights of real world datasets. Therefore, it is very difficult with today's modeling practice to efficiently, effectively, and unsupervisedly detect reliable patterns and information in high-dimensional data. In this dissertation, we developed a scalable data modeling framework that utilizes modern theoretical physics for unsupervised high-dimensional data analysis and mining. Not only …

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Theoretical And Practical Aspects Of Compact Data Structures For Range And Membership Queries In Sparse Sets, Pablo Montes Arango Dec 2014

Theoretical And Practical Aspects Of Compact Data Structures For Range And Membership Queries In Sparse Sets, Pablo Montes Arango

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

There is an increasing need for data structures that efficiently manipulate huge amounts of data. When the data to be represented does not fit into main memory all at once, data structures designed without taking this constraint into account fail to perform as expected. Data structures conceived specifically for this purpose fall into two, not necessarily exclusive, categories. The first consists of data structures designed and analyzed under a model of computation where the cost is given by the amount of data transferred between external and internal memory. The second comprises data structures that make the most out of the …

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Gpu-Acceleration Of X-Ray Photon Scattering Simulation, Jaewoo Pi Dec 2014

Gpu-Acceleration Of X-Ray Photon Scattering Simulation, Jaewoo Pi

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Computed Tomography is widely used in numerous fields. To facilitate the development of an algorithm while avoiding additional radiation dose to the patient, the simulation of the CT imaging process is required. The scattering effect of X-ray photons impact on quality of output images. Thus, modeling the scattering is an important task to predict and eliminate the effects on energy. However, the simulation has been challenging task. Two approaches, deterministic and Monte Carlo method has been widely used, but both methods have to undergo trade-off between speed and sampling rate. In this research, the new algorithm which exploits Bi-directional ray …

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Efficient Implementation Techniques For Block-Level Cloud Storage Systems, Dilip Nijagal Simha Dec 2014

Efficient Implementation Techniques For Block-Level Cloud Storage Systems, Dilip Nijagal Simha

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

A fundamental building block for an IaaS (Infrastructure-as-a-Service) cloud service such as Amazon's EC2 is a storage virtualization system that provides block-level storage services to individual virtual machines over the network. This dissertation addresses four major problems in such a block-level cloud storage system, in the context of an end-to-end IaaS solution called ITRI Cloud OS. First, to effectively eliminate redundancies in stored data blocks, we propose a scalable block-level deduplication engine called Sungem, which uses both sampling and prefetching to minimize the performance overhead of fingerprint accesses, and features a storage block garbage collection algorithm whose run- time overhead …

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Working Class Hero, Daniel Sarluca Dec 2014

Working Class Hero, Daniel Sarluca

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Working Class Hero is a novel about Nick Avellino, a twenty-year-old college dropout who returns to his working-class Long Island town to recover from a pair of recent tragedies: his mother's death from cancer and a fatal shooting on his college campus. To aid his struggling family, Nick gets a job working the midnight shift at the local 7-Eleven, where a confrontation with a customer leads to Nick being hailed as a hero. But with no witnesses to what happened that night, the police are suspicious of Nick's story and are determined to discover the truth. With the help of …

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The Role Of Developmental Mode And Population-Level Processes In Shifting Distributions: A Study Of Calyptraeid Gastropods, Abigail Eileen Cahill Dec 2014

The Role Of Developmental Mode And Population-Level Processes In Shifting Distributions: A Study Of Calyptraeid Gastropods, Abigail Eileen Cahill

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In benthic marine invertebrates with complex life cycles, dispersal happens primarily during the larval stage: sedentary, benthic adults produce larvae that live in the water column for a period of hours to months. The larval life stage is therefore critical to the ability of a species to expand or shift its range, including in response to climate change. Species with planktonic larvae are expected to show greater dispersal and gene flow than those with direct development. In contrast, reduced gene flow among populations of directly developing species increases the potential for local adaptation. Understanding not only larval traits, but population-level …

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Adaptation And Mutation Dynamics In Populations Evolving Under Nutrient Limiting Conditions, Omar Mahmud Warsi Dec 2014

Adaptation And Mutation Dynamics In Populations Evolving Under Nutrient Limiting Conditions, Omar Mahmud Warsi

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

To study adaptation to nutrient limitation and to understand the generation of adaptive diversity in evolving populations, we evolved Escherichia coli populations in twelve chemostats under three nutrient limiting regimes: four under nitrogen limitation, four under magnesium limitation and four in environments where the concentrations for both these nutrients are low. We traced the fitness trajectory of these populations over a period of ~400 generations. We also sequenced populations at two different time points to identify targets of selection and to investigate the mutation dynamics in these different nutrient-limiting environments. Our results show that populations evolving under nutrient limiting conditions …

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The Role Of Spousal Characteristics On The Use Of Formal Long-Term Care Of Elderly Couples In The United States, Jinyoung Eom Dec 2014

The Role Of Spousal Characteristics On The Use Of Formal Long-Term Care Of Elderly Couples In The United States, Jinyoung Eom

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In the United States, the last decades have witnessed a steady increase in the percent of formal long-term care (nursing home care and paid home health care) uses. Specifically, it is shown that the percent of elderly couples, who use formal long-term care is much lower than that of single-living elderly to use formal long-term care. However, it has not been fully understood what factors determine the use of formal long-term care for elderly couples. Different from the previous studies, I scrutinize not only own individual factors but also spousal characteristics in terms of spouses health conditions, which may determine …

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