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A New Methodology For Neutrosophic Multi-Attribute Decision Making With Unknown Weight Information, Pranab Biswas, Surapati Pramanik, Bibhas C. Giri

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Full Issue, Neutrosophic Sets And Systems

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

A Study On Problems Of Hijras In West Bengal Based On Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps, Kaylan Mondal, Surapati Pramanik

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Introduction To Image Processing Via Neutrosophic Techniques, A. A. Salama, Florentin Smarandache, Mohamed Eisa

Neutrosophic Sets and Systems

No abstract provided.

Using Mobile Learning To Support Students’ Understanding In Geometry: A Design-Based Research Curriculum Study, Helen Crompton

Teaching & Learning Faculty Publications

Mobile learning offers new affordances to teaching and learning, such as learning that is contextualized, personalized, and unrestricted by temporal and spatial constraints (Crompton, 2013a). In this study, the affordances of mobile learning were utilized as students learned about angles. Using a design-based research methodology a local instruction theory was developed on how students can learn about angle concepts through mobile learning activities. The local instruction theory is comprised of two components: (a) an exemplary mobile learning curriculum for 4th grade students to study angle concepts, and (b) additions to the scholarly theories in how students learning about angle using …

Protest Of Doctors: A Basic Human Right Or An Ethical Dilemma, Imran Naeem Abbasi

Community Health Sciences

Background: Peaceful protests and strikes are a basic human right as stated in the United Nations' universal declaration on human rights. But for doctors, their proximity to life and death and the social contract between a doctor and a patient are stated as the reasons why doctors are valued more than the ordinary beings. In Pakistan, strikes by doctors were carried out to protest against lack of service structure, security and low pay. This paper discusses the moral and ethical concerns pertaining to the strikes by medical doctors in the context of Pakistan. The author has carefully tried to balance …

A Case Study Of Outsourced Primary Healthcare Services In Sindh, Pakistan: Is This A Real Reform?, Sana Tanzil, Aysha Zahidie, Adeel Ahsan, Ambreen Kazi, Babar Tasneem Shaikh

Community Health Sciences

Background: Since a decade, low and middle income countries have a rising trend of contracting their primary healthcare services to NGOs. In Pakistan, public sector often lacks capacity to effectively & equitably manage the healthcare services. It led the government to outsource the administration of primary health care services to a semi-autonomous government entity i.e. Peoples' Primary Healthcare Initiative (PPHI). This small scale study has assessed the quality of healthcare services at the contracted Basic Health Units (BHUs) with the PPHI and compared it with those managed by the local district government in the province of Sindh.Methods: A cross-sectional mix …

Libertarian Patriarchalism: Nudges, Procedural Roadblocks, And Reproductive Choice, Govind Persad

Publications

Cass Sunstein and Richard Thaler's proposal that social and legal institutions should steer individuals toward some options and away from others-a stance they dub "libertarian paternalism"-has provoked much high-level discussion in both academic and policy settings. Sunstein and Thaler believe that steering, or "nudging," individuals is easier to justify than the bans or mandates that traditional paternalism involves. This Article considers the connection between libertarian paternalism and the regulation of reproductive choice. I first discuss the use of nudges to discourage women from exercising their right to choose an abortion, or from becoming or remaining pregnant. I then argue that …

Career Management From The Trenches: Some Suggestions From The Aall Economic Status Committee, Karen Skinner

Publications

No abstract provided.

Murder, Minority, Victims, And Mercy, Aya Gruber

University of Colorado Law Review

Should the jury have acquitted George Zimmerman of Trayvon Martin's murder? Should enraged husbands receive a pass for killing their cheating wives? Should the law treat a homosexual advance as adequate provocation for killing? Criminal law scholars generally answer these questions with a resounding "no." Theorists argue that criminal laws should not reflect bigoted perceptions of African Americans, women, and gays by permitting judges and jurors to treat those who kill racial and gender minorities with undue mercy. According to this view, murder defenses like provocation should be restricted to ensure that those who kill minority victims receive the harshest …

Preserving Baseball's Integrity Through Proper Drug Testing: Time For The Major League Baseball Players Association To Let Go Of Its Collective Bargaining Reins, Wolfgang S. Weber

University of Colorado Law Review

For the first time in seventeen years, voters did not select a single baseball player to be inducted into the 2013 Baseball Hall of Fame. In response to this news, Hall of Famer Mike Schmidt regrettably stated, "[E]veryone was guilty. Either you used Performance Enhancing Drugs or you did nothing to stop their use. . . . This generation got rich. Seems there was a price to pay." In 2013 alone, Major League Baseball (MLB) issued fourteen suspensions for Performance Enhancing Drug (PED) abuse. The regularity of these suspensions reveals players' willingness to continuously attempt to exploit flaws in the …

Mass Arbitration And Democratic Legitimacy, David Horton

University of Colorado Law Review

This Article reviews Margaret Jane Radin's dazzling new book, Boilerplate. Radin makes two central claims about the widespread use of adhesion contracts. First, she argues that the heavy saturation of fine print causes "normative degradation," the erosion of contract law's bedrock requirement of consent. Second, and more provocatively, she contends that the lockstep use of standard forms permits private actors to override the public laws and thus causes "democratic degradation." This Article uses developments in consumer and employment arbitration as a proving ground for Radin's democratic degradation thesis. Spurred on by the United States Supreme Court's interpretation of the Federal …

Holistic Climate Change Governance: Towards Mitigation And Adaptation Synthesis, Katherine Trisolini

University of Colorado Law Review

Climate change already has begun destabilizing natural systems, prompting unprecedented heat waves, droughts, floods, and severe storms. While scientists admonish us that greenhouse gases must be cut deeply and quickly to avoid the worst impacts, past emissions have committed the planet to some further warming. Resulting physical changes will require a legal system that functions amidst extreme weather, rising seas, and scientific uncertainty about the stability of natural systems upon which we relied in designing institutions and infrastructure. An effective response requires both substantial reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to limit the harm ("mitigation') and significant adaptation. Scholars and policymakers …

Won't You Be My Neighbor? The Fallout From The Colorado Supreme Court's Decision In Cogcc V. Gvca, Luke Mecklenburg

University of Colorado Law Review

This Casenote asserts that the Colorado Supreme Court's decision in COGCC v. GVCA, while legally adequate, condones a harmful public policy that necessitates legislative correction. The case pitted two landowners whose property was adjacent to a proposed well that would drill down within a three-mile radius of an underground nuclear detonation site known as the Rulison blast zone, as well as a citizens'group from the Rulison area, against the Colorado Oil and Gas Conservation Commission (COGCC). Using different canons of statutory interpretation, the Colorado Court of Appeals and the Colorado Supreme Court reached opposite decisions, but in the end a …

Energy Versus Property, Michael Pappas

Publications

This Article is the first to detail the balance legislatures and courts have struck between private property rights and the compelling public interest in energy production. By examining how property rights have consistently yielded to energy development from colonial times to the most recent decisions involving hydraulic fracturing ("fracking'), it identifies a coherent energy/property balance that has shaped property expectations to accommodate energy needs. The Article then applies this insight to current disputes pitting aggressive renewable energy policies-such as nuisance immunity or mandatory installations on private property-- against fundamental property expectations: the right to exclude and the right to use …

Review Of To Render Invisible: Jim Crow And Public Life In New South Jacksonville By Robert Cassanello, Jonathon J. Booth

Publications

No abstract provided.

Teenage Crowdfunding, Andrew A. Schwartz

Publications

Teenage startups are in the public interest and should be encouraged, yet the federal CARD Act of 2009 eliminated credit card financing for many such companies, cutting off an important source of early-stage business capital for teenage entrepreneurs. Since then, however, Congress passed the CROWDFUND Act of 2012 which will allow teenagers to raise early-stage financing through Internet crowdfunding. Teens, being masters of the Internet, are well positioned to exploit this new opportunity, with the upshot being that securities crowdfunding may become an important way for youthful entrepreneurs to fund their business dreams.

Procedural Architecture Matters: Innovation Policy At The Federal Communications Commission, J. Brad Bernthal

Publications

This Article examines the puzzle of whether today's Federal Communications Commission ("FCC" or the "Agency") is institutionally suited to craft telecommunications innovation policy and, if not, what changes are needed to better equip the Agency to respond to twenty-first century realities. Evaluation of FCC innovation policy performance is stubbornly difficult. Some criticize the FCC as a brake on innovation yet, under the FCC's oversight, the United States' communications industry has become an innovative engine propelling the overall economy more than ever before. It is difficult to untangle whether the FCC deserves credit for helping usher in today's communications age, whether …

Setting The Tipping Point For Disclosing The Identity Of Anonymous Online Speakers: Lessons From Other Disclosure Contexts, Helen Norton

Publications

At what point should anonymous online speakers alleged to have engaged in defamatory, threatening, or other unprotected and illegal speech be required to “unmask” themselves – i.e., to disclose their identities? Courts confronted with such questions have proposed a variety of tests that seek to determine the point – I’ll call this the tipping point – at which they become sufficiently confident that disclosure’s accountability gains justify the unmasking of an anonymous online speaker. This essay suggests that an intradisciplinary approach may be helpful when choosing among these alternative tests. To this end, it recalls parallel disclosure challenges in campaign, …

Law, Violence, And The Neurotic Structure Of American Indian Law, Sarah Krakoff

Publications

No abstract provided.

Arbitration And The Contract Exchange, Andrew A. Schwartz

Publications

A contract exchange, defined as an organized marketplace for the creation or trading of specific contracts, provides benefits to its members as well as the public at large. But legal disputes can arise on contract exchanges, just as they do anywhere else, and those disputes can be litigated, mediated, arbitrated, or resolved in some other way. This Essay claims that arbitration, rather than litigation, is a particularly useful and appropriate means for resolving exchange-related disputes, and that this is true not only for traditional contract exchanges, like the Chicago Board of Trade, but also for online "consumer contract exchanges," such …

The Notion Of Cultural Assimilation Into An American Identity: Abstract Or Concrete?, Julie A. Rivera

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Assimilation is believed to be the process immigrants follow to become "American." To be American is to be equal to other Americans in societal, employment, and educational opportunities. But this is not and cannot be an outcome of the assimilation process in the United States. There are multiple definitions and expectations of assimilation; too many to allow a clear outcome. This project addresses the complexity associated with all versions of assimilate, the multiple definitions, processes, and outcomes associated with this term, and demonstrates that there is no concrete resolution to an assimilation process due to the multitude of definitions attached …

Use Of Cosine Modulated Filter Bank To Quantify Human Muscle Fatigue Using Electromyography Signals Obtained During Isometric Voluntary Contractions, Liza Stephanie Rodriguez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

As technology continues to advance, there continues to be an interest in applying engineering theories to solve medical problems. Technology has allowed researchers to investigate the properties and characteristics of the human body in hopes of emulating their complexities. The rising interest in the study of biopotentials for use in prosthetic limbs, exoskeletons and machine interfacing has led to a necessity to validate that the understanding of these signals is accurate. The study of biopotentials generated by muscles via a method known as electromyography (EMG) has improved the understanding of effects of rehabilitative treatments, assisted in diagnosing diseases, control of …

Exploring Dance Teachers' Perceptions: Video As A Teaching Tool, Daralyn Scurlock

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The process in which dance instructors evaluate dance students' technical skills has been dependent on spontaneity; it is time sensitive and almost synchronous. However, video introduces an asynchronous evaluating component. Video recording can be utilized in the dance profession not only to improve a dancer's overall performance, but as an injury prevention tool. Therefore video permits deeper reflection.

This is a preliminary study designed to open the door for future studies in the dance field. In order to gain the in depth knowledge required for this thesis, an instrumental case-study design was utilized based primarily on the analyses of broad, …

Model Of Urban Freight Transportation: The Case Of Waste Collection, Radim Vecera

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This thesis introduces the role of urban freight transportation in global economies and its negative environmental impacts. Because the volume of urban freight is continually increasing sustainable measurements have to be implemented during all phases of transportation planning and operation processes.

The thesis is mainly focused on waste collection, as it is an often neglected part of urban freight transportation. Since urban areas are growing the waste collection is starting to be complex problem which is difficult to manage. Therefore different types of optimization software are used to improve the whole process. In this thesis TransCAD software is used to …

Geophysical Investigation Of Hot Springs In The Vicinity Of Shoshone, California, Felix Dziedzorm Ziwu

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Magnetic and gravity surveys were conducted in the vicinity of Shoshone, California to test a hypothesis from investigating hotsprings within Tecopa and Saratoga which states that deep faults must intersect with a specific orientation relative to the regional stress field in order to create hot springs along the Amargosa River.

Three isolated basalt flows with different gravity and magnetic properties were identified near the Shoshone hot spring. Two of the flows have very low magnetic anomalies and the remaining one has a high magnetic anomaly. The high magnetic anomaly basalt flow also has a significantly higher Bouguer anomaly than the …

Integrating Two-Photon Microscopy And Cryo-Electron Microscopy For Studying The Interaction Of Caféteria Roenbergensis And Crov, Seyedmohammadali Aghvami

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Cafeteria roenbergensis (Cro) is a marine zooplankton; its voracious appetite plays a significant role in regulating bacteria populations. The giant virus that lives within Cro, known as Cafeteria roenbergensis virus (CroV), has an important effect on the mortality of Cro populations. Although viral infections are extremely abundant in oceans, the complete procedure of the infection is still unknown. We study the infection process of Cro by CroV to find out whether the initial contact is through phagocytosis or CroV penetrating the host cell membrane directly. Cro is a moving at speed in the range of 10-100 um/s, therefore, there are …

Growth And Analysis Of Micro And Nano Cdte Arrays For Solar Cell Applications, Brandon Adrian Aguirre

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

CdTe is an excellent material for infrared detectors and photovoltaic applications. The efficiency of CdTe/CdS solar cells has increased very rapidly in the last 3 years to ~20% but is still below the maximum theoretical value of 30%. Although the short-circuit current density is close to its maximum of 30 mA/cm2, the open circuit voltage has potential to be increased further to over 1 Volt. The main limitation that prevents further increase in the open-circuit voltage and therefore efficiency is the high defect density in the CdTe absorber layer. Reducing the defect density will increase the open-circuit voltage above 1 …

Multi-Objective Border Patrolling Optimization Using Game Theory And Evolutionary Algorithms, Franciso Oswaldo Aguirre

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Border security has evolved significantly since the days when no more than 75 Mounted Guards patrolled the U.S. border in the early 1900's. The border region includes thousands of miles of both land and maritime borders that must be controlled, as well as commercial transportation networks. One of the primary components of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) agency. One of the most typical activities performed by CBP is patrolling the expansive open areas in between official points of entry (POEs) to prohibit illegal entry attempts. Roving patrols are routinely conducted by …

Long-Term Deformation In The Southern Rí­O Grande Rift As Inferred From Topographic And Uplifted Terraces, Linda K. Armour

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This study examines Basin and Range topography relating tectonic processes to topographic features. The observation that the terraces along either side of the Franklin Mountains were deformed and uplifted is a reflection of tectonic uplift. The uplift represents long-term deformation of the range. This led to the question of what shapes the deformation and does it represent differential subsidence into the Río Grande Rift or true uplift. A more regional study of the Sacramento, San Andres, and Guadalupe Mountains follows. Two papers form this Dissertation.

The Rí­o Grande Rift and the Franklin Mountains, in particular, are the subject of the …