Digital Commons Network^™

Constructing Water Budgets For A Coastal Stormwater Catchment To Examine Temporal Dynamics Between Urban Groundwater And Surface Runoff, Leigha E. Peterson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is well understood that urbanization results in changes to the hydrologic cycle, namely increasing surface runoff production rates. Precipitation falling on impervious areas is typically directed via a network of drainage pipes to detention reservoirs, a process shown to negatively impact aquifer recharge rates. Historically, urban hydrologists have focused primarily on surface processes with little consideration to subsurface implications of the urban water cycle. Here, we present an approach to construct long-term, high-resolution water budgets for a coastal stormwater catchment resolving surface runoff and groundwater fractions within the water body and associated source-specific fluid exports to the coastal ocean. …

Postgraduate Funding - Supplying The Future Generation Of Researchers And Technicians, Mp Fuller

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Of the 2.5 million students studying at universities in the UK some 30% [500000 postgraduate taught (PGT) + 100000 postgraduate research (PGR) students] are studying for a postgraduate degree, and the decade from 2001 to 2011 saw a 7% year-on-year increase in the number of students registering for postgraduate degrees. Within this expansion has been a healthy rise in UK students, but an even bigger rise in non-UK (overseas) students which bring large revenues to universities on top of the normal home funding. In fact, this decadal expansion in postgraduate student numbers was an unregulated or uncapped market for UK …

Communication: Using Multiple Tethers To Stabilize Proteins On Surfaces, Brandon K. Loong, Thomas A. Knotts Iv

Faculty Publications

Protein surface interactions are important in many applications in biotechnology including protein arrays, but these technologies have not lived up to their transformative potential because it is difficult to attach proteins to surfaces in a manner that preserves function and theoretical understanding of the relevant phenomena remains limited. Here is reported the effect of using multiple tethers to attach a protein (lysozyme) to a surface and the effects on the structure and stability of the molecule. The simulations show how using two tethers can drastically change the folding mechanism such that a protein that is initially unstable and inactive when …

High Level Protein Expression Slows Down Rate Of Growth Of Bacterial Broth Cultures, Saad Chaudhry, Kenechukwu Ekwemalor, Shobhit Keswani, Odutayo Odunuge

Undergraduate Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Determination Of Anions In Lanana Creek By Ion Chromatography, Tania Benavides

Undergraduate Research Conference

Abstract

Lanana Creek is one of two springs that surround Nacogdoches, TX. Lanana Creek starts southwest of Lake Naconiche, conjoining with several other bodies of water along its path, and becomes part of the Angelina River. This body of water eventually ends in the Gulf of Mexico which may contribute to the dead zone. Contaminants in water may be of small concentration; however, prolonged exposure could produce many negative effects. To prevent further contamination, the source of the contamination must be identified through testing the water for contaminants. Some possible sources of contamination may be from fertilizers and pesticides used …

Gender And Mathematics: Quality And Equity, Sue Thomson

2009 - 2019 ACER Research Conferences

Over the past two decades, there have been no gender differences in mathematics achievement in Australia in large-scale international surveys such as the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS). Similarly, when mathematical literacy was measured in the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) in 2003, there were no gender differences. However, PISA 2012 found that, while average scores in mathematics had declined in Australia, males in Australia were significantly outperforming females, and females had significantly higher average levels of anxiety about and significantly lower levels of confidence in mathematics. In light of the recent report of the Australian …

Gene-Environment Interaction In Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Exogenous Estrogen, Cigarette Smoking, And Vegf Pathway Polymorphisms, Monique Dorcel Courtenay

Open Access Dissertations

AMD is the leading cause of irreversible vision loss in developed countries. Its multifactorial etiology includes both genetic and environmental risk factors. As much as 65% of the genetic contribution to AMD risk may be explained by known genes. The remaining genetic factors may be genes or pathways containing multiple variants with small effect, or variants that interact with the environment to modulate disease. However, gene-environment interactions have been relatively understudied in AMD, and there were no methods for gene or pathway analysis that incorporated environmental effects. Therefore, the overall goal of this project was to address this gap in …

Investigating Smart Magnetic Nanoparticles For Hyperthermia Treatment Of Cancer, Ronald J. Tackett, Prem P. Vaishnava, Ronald E. Kumon, Corneliu Rablau

Physics Grants

No abstract provided.

Nucleolar Integrity Is Required For The Maintenance Of Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity, Kim D. Allen, Andrei V. Gourov, Christopher Harte, Peng Gao, Clarice, Darlene Sylvain, Joshua M. Splett, William C. Oxberry, Paula S. Van De Nes, Matthew J. Troy-Regier, Jason Wolk, Juan M. Alarcon, A. Iván Hernández

Publications and Research

Long-term memory (LTM) formation requires new protein synthesis and new gene expression. Based on our work in Aplysia, we hypothesized that the rRNA genes, stimulation-dependent targets of the enzyme Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), are primary effectors of the activity-dependent changes in synaptic function that maintain synaptic plasticity and memory. Using electrophysiology, immunohistochemistry, pharmacology and molecular biology techniques, we show here, for the first time, that the maintenance of forskolin-induced late-phase long-term potentiation (L-LTP) in mouse hippocampal slices requires nucleolar integrity and the expression of new rRNAs. The activity-dependent upregulation of rRNA, as well as L-LTP expression, are poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PAR) dependent and …

Is There Progress Toward Sustainability?: Despite The Inherent Human Resistance To Change., Jens Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

The theme of this paper is to briefly survey the status of current efforts to maintain our natural environment and then discuss prospects for achieving future sustainability. The author finds that while there has been general recognition of the need for environmental sensitivity and conservation of natural resources, progress toward achieving sustainability goals has been slow. A principal reason for this lack of action is found in the reactive nature of the human species. Situated by biological design in our environment we typically respond to environmental changes only after they have occurred. Accordingly, while a number of revolutionary proposals have …

Ridges Land Lab Dedicated To Research For Quarter Century, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Targeting Breast Tumors With Ph (Low) Insertion Peptides, Ramona Cosmina Adochite, Anna Moshnikova, Sean D. Carlin, Renato A. Guerrieri, Oleg A. Andreev, Jason S. Lewis, Yana K. Reshetnyak

Physics Faculty Publications

Extracellular acidity is associated with tumor progression. Elevated glycolysis and acidosis promote the appearance of aggressive malignant cells with enhanced multidrug resistance. Thus, targeting of tumor acidity can open new avenues in diagnosis and treatment of aggressive tumors and targeting metastatic cancers cells within a tumor. pH (low) insertion peptides (pHLIPs) belong to the class of pH-sensitive agents capable of delivering imaging and/or therapeutic agents to cancer cells within tumors. Here, we investigated targeting of highly metastatic 4T1 mammary tumors and spontaneous breast tumors in FVB/N-Tg (MMTV-PyMT)634Mul transgenic mice with three fluorescently labeled pHLIP variants including well-characterized WT-pHLIP and, recently …

Clinical Pathoscope: Rapid Alignment And Filtration For Accurate Pathogen Identification In Clinical Samples Using Unassembled Sequencing Data, Allyson L. Byrd, Joseph F. Perez-Rogers, Solaiappan Manimaran, Eduardo Castro-Nallar, Ian Toma, Timothy A. Mccaffrey, Marc O. Siegel, Gary Benson, Keith Crandall, William Evan Johnson

Medicine Faculty Publications

Background

The use of sequencing technologies to investigate the microbiome of a sample can positively impact patient healthcare by providing therapeutic targets for personalized disease treatment. However, these samples contain genomic sequences from various sources that complicate the identification of pathogens.

Results

Here we present Clinical PathoScope, a pipeline to rapidly and accurately remove host contamination, isolate microbial reads, and identify potential disease-causing pathogens. We have accomplished three essential tasks in the development of Clinical PathoScope. First, we developed an optimized framework for pathogen identification using a computational subtraction methodology in concordance with read trimming and ambiguous read reassignment. Second, …

Wyatt Presents At Cospar In Russia, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Program Gives Faculty Tools To Expand Service-Learning, Natalie Wade

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Carbon Partitioning In Green Algae (Chlorophyta) And The Enolase Enzyme, Jürgen E. W. Polle, Peter Neofotis, Andy Huang, William Chang, Kiran Sury, Eliza M. Wiech

Publications and Research

The exact mechanisms underlying the distribution of fixed carbon within photoautotrophic cells, also referred to as carbon partitioning, and the subcellular localization of many enzymes involved in carbon metabolism are still unknown. In contrast to the majority of investigated green algae, higher plants have multiple isoforms of the glycolytic enolase enzyme, which are differentially regulated in higher plants. Here we report on the number of gene copies coding for the enolase in several genomes of species spanning the major classes of green algae. Our genomic analysis of several green algae revealed the presence of only one gene coding for a …

Automatic Calibration Of Water Quality And Hydrodynamic Model (Ce-Qual-W2), Nasim Shojaei

Dissertations and Theses

One of the most important purposes of surface water resource management is to develop predictive models to assist in identifying and evaluating operational and structural measures for improving water quality. To better understand the effects of external and internal nutrient and organic loading and the effects of reservoir operation, a model is often developed, calibrated, and used for sensitivity and management simulations. The importance of modeling and simulation in the scientific community has drawn interest towards methods for automated calibration. This study addresses using an automatic technique to calibrate the water quality model CE-QUAL-W2 (Cole and Wells, 2013). CE-QUAL-W2 is …

Testing The Ecological And Physiological Factors Influencing Reproductive Success In Mosses, Erin Elizabeth Shortlidge

Dissertations and Theses

As non-vascular, early land plants with an aquatic ancestry, mosses do not regulate internal water conditions separate from that of their environment and as a result, evolved mechanisms to survive in a terrestrial world out of water. Yet, there is a widely accepted dogma that moss reproductive success is solely dependent on rainfall events carrying swimming, bi-flagellate sperm across the landscape to reproductively mature and receptive female mosses--but this classic view of moss reproduction may be too simplistic. In this dissertation I test the assumptions of reproductive limitation in mosses and present novel findings in a basal, yet understudied terrestrial …

The Creative Destruction Of Labor Policy, Arthur M. Diamond Jr.

Economics Faculty Publications

While the consumer benefits from the new products and improved production processes due to creative destruction, the major downside to creative destruction is technological unemployment. However, policies adopted by government and by workers can increase the upside and reduce the downside. Governments can enable entrepreneurial innovation by allowing the labor market to be flexible. A government safety net is also considered. However, workers can become more resilient in attitude and frugal in spending in order to cope with technological unemployment, and can invest in more diversified and enduring human capital. The family can also provide a private safety net. The …

Characterization Of Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase-3 (Fmo3) As A Novel Genetic Determinant Of Acetaminophen (Apap) Induced Hepatotoxicity, Swetha Rudraiah

Doctoral Dissertations

Mice pretreated with a mild toxic dose of acetaminophen (APAP) acquire resistance to a second, higher APAP dose. This phenomenon is termed APAP autoprotection and the exact mechanism by which such resistance develops is not clearly known. Given the prevalence of APAP-hepatotoxicity and the human health impact of this potentially hepatotoxic agent, a further understanding of the mechanism(s) involved in such protection are of considerable significance and could lead to new modalities of treatment of acute drug-induced liver injury. The work presented in this thesis investigates FMO3 gene expression during APAP-induced liver injury as well as the functional significance of …

Bacterio-Plankton Transformation Of Diazepam And 2-Amino-5-Chlorobenzophenone In River Waters., Alan D. Tappin, J. Paul Loughnane, Alan J. Mccarthy, Mark F. Fitzsimons

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Benzodiazepines are a large class of commonly-prescribed drugs used to treat a variety of clinical disorders. They have been shown to produce ecological effects at environmental concentrations, making understanding their fate in aquatic environments very important. In this study, uptake and biotransformations by riverine bacterio-plankton of the benzodiazepine, diazepam, and 2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone, ACB (a photo-degradation product of diazepam and several other benzodiazepines), were investigated using batch microcosm incubations. These were conducted using water and bacterio-plankton populations from contrasting river catchments (Tamar and Mersey, UK), both in the presence and absence of a peptide, added as an alternative organic substrate. Incubations lasted …

Optical Beam Propagation In Oceanic Turbulence, Nathan Farwell

Open Access Dissertations

Optical beam propagation through oceanic waters is explored using a recently proposed model for the refractive index fluctuations in oceanic turbulence. The model provides an accurate depiction of the ocean through the inclusion of both temperature and salinity fluctuations to the index of refraction. Beam characteristics of fundamental importance to communication links, remote sensing, and laser radar links are explored including intensity, degree of coherence, and scintillation. Theoretical values of these parameters are found through the use of classical Rytov theory and compared to those found using a numerical optics random phase screen simulation. The impact of the oceanic turbulence …

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - August 3, 2014, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the August 3, 2014 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• Med School Café
• 41st Annual Medical Student Research Day Features Dr. Arthur P. Grollman
• USA Welcomes Dr. Brocato
• GME Program Expands to Include Child, Adolescent Psychiatry Fellowship

Nitrate Uptake In Central Illinois Streams: A Comparison Along A Transient Storage Gradient, Kristen Lynn Theesfeld

Theses and Dissertations

Transient storage can be influenced by channel morphology. Anthropogenic activities can alter stream morphology by straightening channels, lining channels, or even restoration of previously altered channels. This study focused on whether relative transient storage (RTS) was related to stream type - modified lined, modified unlined, or natural. The study further sought to determine if a greater RTS is correlated to a decrease in percent nitrate-N.

Eight (8) sites, encompassing three (3) different stream types - modified lines, modified unlined, and natural - were studied. Chloride and nitrate tracers were added to streams, and samples were analyzed for tracer concentrations and …

Corticolimbic Gating Of Emotion-Driven Punishment, Owen D. Jones, Michael T. Treadway, Joshua W. Buckholtz, Justin W. Martin, Katharine Jan, Christopher L. Asplund, Matthew R. Ginther, Rene Marois

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Determining the appropriate punishment for a norm violation requires consideration of both the perpetrator's state of mind (for example, purposeful or blameless) and the strong emotions elicited by the harm caused by their actions. It has been hypothesized that such affective responses serve as a heuristic that determines appropriate punishment. However, an actor's mental state often trumps the effect of emotions, as unintended harms may go unpunished, regardless of their magnitude. Using fMRI, we found that emotionally graphic descriptions of harmful acts amplify punishment severity, boost amygdala activity and strengthen amygdala connectivity with lateral prefrontal regions involved in punishment decision-making. …

E. Coli Antimicrobial Satellite (Ecamsat): Science Payload System Development And Test, Travis Boone, Aaron Cohen, Matthew Chin, Tori Chinn, Charlie Friedericks, Evan Jackson, Mahmonir Keyhan, Matthew Lera, Ac Matin, David Mayer, Christopher Middour, Macarena Parra, Antonio Ricco, Stevan Spremo

Small Satellite Conference

The E. coli AntiMicrobial Satellite (EcAMSat) mission will investigate space microgravity e_ects on the dose-dependent antibiotic response and resistance of wildtype and mutant strains of uropathogenic Escherichia coli, a bacterial pathogen responsible for urinary tract infection in humans and animals. EcAMSat is the _rst biological science CubeSat built by NASA in the 6U con_guration, and it will feature the _fth biological CubeSat payload developed by the NASA/Ames Research Center and the fourth mission to conduct a peer-reviewed biological science experiment. Building on the hardware ight heritage of GeneSat, PharmaSat-1, and O/OREOS, EcAMSat features a uidics payload that can create and …

Digestibility Of Betung Bamboo Fiber Following Fungal Pretreatment, Widya Fatriasari, Wasrin Syafii, Nyoman J. Wistara, Khaswar Syamsu, Bambang Prasetya

Makara Journal of Technology

This research evaluated the effect of fungal pretreatment of betung bamboo fibers and enzymatic- and microwaveassisted hydrolysis on the reducing sugar yield. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated biomass was carried out with cellulase and 10 and 20 FPU/g of substrate in a shaking incubator at 50 °C and 150 rpm for 48 h. The sulfuric acid concentration used in the microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis was 1.0, 2.5, and 5%, either with or without the addition of activated carbon. Microwave irradiation (330 Watt) was applied for 5–12.5 min. The yield of reducing sugar was better with the microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis, and …

Properties Of Lignin From Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch And Its Application For Plywood Adhesive, Lucky Risanto, Euis Hermiati, Yanni Sudiyani

Makara Journal of Technology

Lignin from lignocellulosic biomass is a potential biopolymer for wood adhesive. The aims of this study were to characterize lignin isolated from the black liquor of oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber pretreated with steam explosion in alkaline conditions and to examine the bond quality of aqueous polymer isocyanate (API) adhesive prepared from lignin, natural rubber latex (NRL), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as base polymers with isocyanate crosslinkers. Lignin was precipitated from the black liquor by adding hydrochloric acid; then the precipitate was separated by filtration, thoroughly washed with water up to pH 2 and pH 5, and dried. The …

Role Of Wave Forcing, Storms And Nao In Outer Bar Dynamics On A High-Energy, Macro-Tidal Beach, Gerd Masselink, Martin Austin, Tim Scott, Tim Poate, Paul Russell

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Exploring Multimedia And Interactive Technologies, Desiree Depriest

SIDLIT Conference

The goal of multimedia design strategies and innovation is to produce meaningful learning environments that relate to and build upon what the learner already knows and what the learner seeks. The multimedia tools used to achieve knowledge transfer should activate recall or prior knowledge and help the learner alter and encode new structures. Traditionally, multimedia has been localized to specific delivery systems and demographics based on the government, industry, or academic concentration. The presenter will explore the introduction of immersive telecommunications technologies, constructivist learning methodologies, and adult learning models to standardize networking and multimedia-based services and products capable of adapting …