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2014

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Articles 20161 - 20190 of 25853

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Queer Bodies And Queer Materials In Post-Wwii American Texts, William Joseph Whalen Jan 2014

Queer Bodies And Queer Materials In Post-Wwii American Texts, William Joseph Whalen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Although the primary subject of this dissertation is contemporary American literature and popular culture--individual chapters are devoted to careful studies of Octavia Butler's short story "Bloodchild," Cormack McCarthy's gothic novel Child of God, Chuck Palahniuk's epistolary novel Pygmy, and the track "It's Good" by hip-hop artist Lil Wayne featuring Drake and Jadakiss--I develop a reading of these contemporary texts that places them within much older and richer intellectual, spiritual, psychological, and even biological traditions. My primary focus is the human body, both literal and figurative, as the site of dynamic exchanges, movements, blockages, and productive potentialities. I argue that at …

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Military Contamination And Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide Exposure Among Alaska Natives, Samuel Byrne Jan 2014

Military Contamination And Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide Exposure Among Alaska Natives, Samuel Byrne

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

St. Lawrence Island Alaska is located in the Bering Sea, only 36 miles from Siberia. The island is home to approximately 1600 Siberian Yupik residents, who rely heavily on subsistence hunting and gathering. There are two formerly used defense (FUD) sites on the island, one of which has been the subject of an approximate $110 million cleanup effort. Environmental monitoring suggests localized soil and watershed contamination with PCBs, organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals. Previous research suggests the site may be a source of PCB exposure for local residents. The primary aim of the study was to determine whether subsistence activities …

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An Evaluation Of Factors Leading To The Risk And Detection Of Thyroid Cancer, Thomas James O'Grady Jan 2014

An Evaluation Of Factors Leading To The Risk And Detection Of Thyroid Cancer, Thomas James O'Grady

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Abstract:

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Investigating Quantum Oscillations In The Thermal Coefficient Of Resistivity Of Ultra-Thin Ag Capping Layers On Cu For Ic Interconnect Applications, Elroy Tatem Jan 2014

Investigating Quantum Oscillations In The Thermal Coefficient Of Resistivity Of Ultra-Thin Ag Capping Layers On Cu For Ic Interconnect Applications, Elroy Tatem

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

As the semiconductor industry continues to scale feature sizes, scattering from phonons, surfaces, and grain boundaries result in an increase of metal interconnect resistivity in state-of-the-art integrated circuits (ICs). The interconnect chapter of the 2011 International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) stated that there are currently no manufacturable solutions in the near term for suitable Cu replacements. Previous studies of thin Ag films deposited on Cu demonstrated oscillations in the electron-phonon interactions within the bilayer system. This thesis investigates oscillations in the resistive properties of the Ag/Cu bilayer system and discusses the applicability of these oscillations to the resistivity challenges …

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Toward Explaining The Gap : How A Particular View Of Explanation Underwrites The Explanatory Gap, Kimberly Van Orman Jan 2014

Toward Explaining The Gap : How A Particular View Of Explanation Underwrites The Explanatory Gap, Kimberly Van Orman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In my dissertation, I consider a common argument for the existence of an unbridgeable explanatory gap between materialism and conscious experience which purports to show that we can determine a priori that conscious experience cannot possibly be explained by a materialist theory. The claim is: no matter what we might yet learn about the brain (or the world), we know enough right now about materialism and explanation to know that an explanation of conscious experience is beyond our reach. I argue that three well-known examples of this position (Jaegwon Kim, David Chalmers, and Joseph Levine) rely on a very narrow …

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Ribavirin-Resistant St. Louis Encephalitis Virus Populations Display Phenotypic And Genotypic Characteristics Of High-Fidelity Rna Polymerase Variants, Sara B. Griesemer Jan 2014

Ribavirin-Resistant St. Louis Encephalitis Virus Populations Display Phenotypic And Genotypic Characteristics Of High-Fidelity Rna Polymerase Variants, Sara B. Griesemer

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) is mosquito-borne member of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus that is closely related to West Nile virus (WNV). Both viruses have potential to cause neuroinvasive disease in humans, and currently there is no vaccine or approved antiviral therapy. SLEV is maintained in nature through transmission between mosquitoes and birds, with humans acting as dead-end hosts. Despite their genetic and antigenic similarities, WNV and SLEV display different characteristics. WNV is known as a "generalist"; it is geographically widespread and can infect a wide variety of hosts, causing over 37,000 human cases in 48 U.S. states since …

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Modeling The Early, Aging-Related Changes In Human Recombinant Gammas-Crystallin In Vitro, Christiana Oluwaseun Salami Jan 2014

Modeling The Early, Aging-Related Changes In Human Recombinant Gammas-Crystallin In Vitro, Christiana Oluwaseun Salami

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Cataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world. Cataractous lenses scatter a significant part of the light entering the eye. Cataract can be of several types: Age-related cataract, secondary cataract, traumatic cataract, congenital cataract, and radiation cataract. Age-related cataract is the most common type of cataract. Several factors contribute to age-onset cataract; among them are the Post-Translational Modifications (PTMs) to the major lens proteins or crystallins, which constitute about 80-90% of the protein content of the lens. Predominant PTMs of the crystallins are oxidation, deamidation, phosphorylation, glycation, and disulfide crosslinking, which tend to increase as the lens ages.

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Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Of Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) In A Remote Adirondack Watershed, Spencer A. Bruce Jan 2014

Genetic Diversity And Population Structure Of Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) In A Remote Adirondack Watershed, Spencer A. Bruce

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

In conservation genetics, the importance of understanding how historical and contemporary processes have contributed to geographic patterns of genetic structure is key to preserving diversity. In New York State there are currently eleven remaining known populations of native brook trout (Salvelnius fontinalis) that inhabit the watersheds for which they are named. These populations are known as "heritage strains", and are currently managed under regulations set by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.

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Molecular Actions Of The Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Cg-1521 In Models Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer, Namita Chatterjee Jan 2014

Molecular Actions Of The Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Cg-1521 In Models Of Inflammatory Breast Cancer, Namita Chatterjee

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare and particularly lethal form of breast cancer. Despite aggressive therapeutic approaches, the 5-year survival rate is only 34%. As this disease is severely understudied, we have investigated the therapeutic potential of the novel hydroxamic acid-derived histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi), CG-1521 in comparison to a structurally similar compound, Trichostatin A (TSA) in two IBC cell lines: SUM149PT and SUM190PT. In these cells, CG-1521 and TSA induce dose- and time-dependent induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis regardless of the presence of 17β-estradiol (E2). Interestingly, the cell lines have considerably different sensitivities to these treatments …

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The Dieting Paradox : Using I³ Theory To Explain Counter-Regulatory Eating, Lindsay C. Morton Jan 2014

The Dieting Paradox : Using I³ Theory To Explain Counter-Regulatory Eating, Lindsay C. Morton

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Counter-regulatory eating occurs when dieters engage in disinhibited overconsumption after a transgression of their diet. It may be one reason why efforts to control one's weight through dietary restriction so often fail. Unfortunately, the causal mechanisms behind this behavior are a source of contention. To resolve the disagreement over what exactly triggers counter-regulatory eating, this dissertation applied I3 theory, which posits that three factors interact to determine disinhibited behavior: instigation, impellance, and inhibition. Three-hundred twenty-two female undergraduate participants were recruited for participation in this study. Instigation was examined using the traditional milkshake pre-load, in which participants' perceptions of caloric content …

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A Functional Genomics Approach To Investigate The Mechanism Of Action Of The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Cg-1521, Ann-Christin Gaupel Jan 2014

A Functional Genomics Approach To Investigate The Mechanism Of Action Of The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Cg-1521, Ann-Christin Gaupel

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Epigenetic alterations are common in human cancers. Loss of histone acetylation occurs early in tumorigenesis, correlates with advanced stage and poor clinical outcome, and histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) are aberrantly expressed or recruited to promoters in a variety of cancers. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) are attractive anti-cancer therapeutics because of their selectivity for transformed cells and their ability to induce growth arrest, cell death, senescence and differentiation, enhance tumor immunogenicity and inhibit angiogenesis and invasion. However, many questions remain regarding their mechanism(s) of action. While monotherapy with HDACis for solid tumors is not effective, combination therapies show …

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Mechanisms Of Age-Related Inflammation And Cancer : The Synergistic Effect Of Oxidants And Calcium, Donald A. Mccarthy Jan 2014

Mechanisms Of Age-Related Inflammation And Cancer : The Synergistic Effect Of Oxidants And Calcium, Donald A. Mccarthy

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The accumulation of senescent cells during the process of aging has been implicated as causal in numerous age-related pathologies. Senescent cells adopt a secretory phenotype consisting of many factors including matrix remodeling enzymes, growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Their secretory nature is the primary reason that they are associated with disease, but it remains unclear why they become so inflammatory. Using primary human fibroblasts cultured to senescence, we mechanistically determined why senescent cells are such potent inducers of inflammation. Our findings indicate that the early production of the cytokine Interleukin 1-α (IL-1α) is central to this transition. We found that …

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Conservation Solutions To Shark Finning : Insights From Past Efforts, Jamie Zaccaria Jan 2014

Conservation Solutions To Shark Finning : Insights From Past Efforts, Jamie Zaccaria

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Globally, shark species are in decline, largely due to shark finning. This practice has an adverse effect on shark populations and could result in fishery and ecosystem collapses. Past conservation efforts, including the dolphin-safe tuna campaign, large mammal poaching, sea turtle conservation and the anti-whaling campaign, have used various approaches to mitigate impacts on wildlife, including political, consumer and public awareness, and science or evidence-based approaches. By examining and drawing from these processes we can determine the most effective strategy to reduce the effects of finning on shark populations around the world. A feasible conservation strategy for shark conservation in …

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Working Mothers' Work And Family Satisfaction : The Influence Of Time Demands And Time-Based Conflict, Lauren Berger Jan 2014

Working Mothers' Work And Family Satisfaction : The Influence Of Time Demands And Time-Based Conflict, Lauren Berger

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The present study sought to examine a comprehensive model of work-family conflict and family-work conflict for working mothers. Specifically, the study tested time-based work-family conflict and time-based family-work conflict as mediators of the relations between the predictor variables of work hours, work demands, and family demands, and the outcome variables of work satisfaction and family satisfaction. It was expected that time-based work-family conflict and time-based family-work conflict would fully mediate these relations. A total of 677 working mothers in the United States participated in the study. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothesized fully mediating model, as well …

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Sex Work And Daily Alcohol Use May Increase Hiv Risks Of Women Who Inject Drugs In Ukraine, Tetyana Vasylyeva Jan 2014

Sex Work And Daily Alcohol Use May Increase Hiv Risks Of Women Who Inject Drugs In Ukraine, Tetyana Vasylyeva

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Background: Between 10 - 50% of female PWID in former USSR countries, where HIV epidemics are driven by injecting drug use, are reported to exchange sex for money, drugs or goods. Research in the region shows contradictory data on the association between exchange sex and HIV for PWID, and suggests that this association might be influenced by other factors. Since female PWID who exchange sex might be a bridge population between PWID and other people, it is important to monitor their risks and suggest timely interventions.

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Critique Is Not Enough : The Empirical Imperatives Of Innovative American Poetry, Christopher Rizzo Jan 2014

Critique Is Not Enough : The Empirical Imperatives Of Innovative American Poetry, Christopher Rizzo

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Critique is Not Enough: The Empirical Imperatives of Innovative American Poetryproposes that innovative modern and early contemporary American poetries redefine the relation of knowledge, consciousness, and poetic performance to lived experience. This study demonstrates how the radically different poetic projects of Walt Whitman, Gertrude Stein, Ezra Pound, and Charles Olson not only equally insist upon empirically investigative poetics, but also endeavor, each to each, to individualize their poetic methodologies, which thus challenges the generalized Enlightenment myth of rationality. In that each of these writers undertakes to redefine the relation of knowledge, consciousness, and poetic performance to lived experience, they also …

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Sleep Duration And Diabetes In An Adult Population Of Rural Upstate New York, Tarak Shrestha Jan 2014

Sleep Duration And Diabetes In An Adult Population Of Rural Upstate New York, Tarak Shrestha

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Introduction: Within the past five decades, there has been a rapid increase in the number of diabetic cases in the US. The number of diabetic cases increased from 1.5 million in 1959 to 25.8 million in 2011. Around the same time period, the average sleep duration per night decreased from 8 hours to 6.9 hours.

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Genomic And Physical Analysis Of Rnr1-Containing Autophagosomes During Environmental Stress, Tamir Danon Jan 2014

Genomic And Physical Analysis Of Rnr1-Containing Autophagosomes During Environmental Stress, Tamir Danon

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Physical & Genetic Analysis of Rnr1 autophagosomes during the DNA damage response

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Does The Supervisory Working Alliance Moderate Psychotherapy Trainee's Personal Distress Empathy And Trait Arousability As Predictors Of Vicarious Traumatization, Jill Eileen Deltosta Jan 2014

Does The Supervisory Working Alliance Moderate Psychotherapy Trainee's Personal Distress Empathy And Trait Arousability As Predictors Of Vicarious Traumatization, Jill Eileen Deltosta

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study sought to contribute to the extant literature regarding clinical training and Vicarious Traumatization (VT; McCann & Pearlman, 1990) by exploring aspects of clinical supervision and psychology trainee characteristics as antecedents. By replicating and extending dissertation work by Fama (2003) and Moosman (2002), this study specifically investigated the supervisory working alliance (SWA; Bahrick), personal distress empathy (PDE; Davis, 1983), and trait arousability (TA; Mehrabian, 1995) as they relate to VT in psychology trainees. It was hypothesized that SWA would moderate the relations between PDE and VT, as well as between TA and VT, such that as working alliance increased, …

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Mediation Of Recurrent Hypoglycemia's Physiological And Behavioral Effects In The Hippocampus By Glucocorticoids, Danielle Osborne Jan 2014

Mediation Of Recurrent Hypoglycemia's Physiological And Behavioral Effects In The Hippocampus By Glucocorticoids, Danielle Osborne

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Recurrent hypoglycemia (RH) occurs with the over administration of insulin resulting in severe hypoglycemia on a repetitive basis. This occurs most commonly among Type I Diabetics who rely on exogenous insulin replacement for management of their disease; however it is becoming increasingly common among Type II Diabetics. Although cognitive deficits are reported during hypoglycemia, the period following restoration of euglycemia has been denoted by improved hippocampally-mediated short-term and working memory in humans and rodents, respectively. RH is also associated with an altered glucocorticoid secretion profile in response to hypoglycemia. In vitro and in vivo approaches were utilized with the goal …

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A Biocultural Perspective On The Transition To Agriculture In Ukraine, Jordan Kenneth Karsten Jan 2014

A Biocultural Perspective On The Transition To Agriculture In Ukraine, Jordan Kenneth Karsten

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The development of agriculture and its spread around the globe is one of the most consequential events in the history of our species. The transition to agriculture is associated with many cultural developments, such as craft specialization, urbanization, and the creation of social hierarchies. Many social theorists believe that these changes associated with the adoption of farming were beneficial to the human condition, however, not all agree. The goal of this research is to evaluate the impact of the adoption of agriculture on human health. To do this, bioarchaeological analysis is employed, comparing the skeletal and dental health of Mesolithic …

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Probing Secondary And Tertiary Rna Folding Using Force And Temperature, William Stephenson Jan 2014

Probing Secondary And Tertiary Rna Folding Using Force And Temperature, William Stephenson

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

RNA folding is the process whereby a single stranded RNA molecule assumes its three-dimensional functional conformation. Along with the protein folding problem, the RNA folding problem remains as one of the great unsolved problems in biophysics. Generally RNA folding occurs in a hierarchical manner whereby the sequence of an RNA (primary structure) determines which regions will form helical segments (secondary structure) before further rearrangement and base pairing of secondary structure motifs (tertiary structure). Due to the intimate connection between structure and function within molecular biology, increased familiarity with the thermodynamic and kinetic factors that govern RNA folding will permit the …

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Criminal Behavior In The Life Course : The Sex Difference And The Role Of Childbirth In The Desistance Process, Siyu Liu Jan 2014

Criminal Behavior In The Life Course : The Sex Difference And The Role Of Childbirth In The Desistance Process, Siyu Liu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

My dissertation demonstrates sex differences in offending over the life course with a flexible model on the age-crime curve using a longitudinal dataset, and examines the causal role of childbirth in the process of desistance for both sexes.

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Effects Of Extreme Hydrologic Events On Trout Populations And Fish Communities In A Catskill Mountain River, Scott Daniel George Jan 2014

Effects Of Extreme Hydrologic Events On Trout Populations And Fish Communities In A Catskill Mountain River, Scott Daniel George

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Extreme hydrologic events are becoming more common with changing climatic conditions. Although the impacts of winter and spring floods on lotic ecosystems have been well studied, the effects of summer floods on fish assemblages in mountain streams are less well known. This study took advantage of an extreme precipitation event during the course of an ongoing monitoring program, which allowed the opportunity to quantify the effects of a severe late summer flood on fish communities in a montane watershed. We also evaluated the effect of the flood on the density and age structure of two ecologically important populations of sport …

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Expanding Applications Of The Nano Intravital Device As A Platform For Exploring Tumor Microenvironments, Michael Padgen Jan 2014

Expanding Applications Of The Nano Intravital Device As A Platform For Exploring Tumor Microenvironments, Michael Padgen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The tumor microenvironment has been demonstrated to be a key determinant in the progression of cancer. Unfortunately, the mechanisms behind the different microenvironments (cytokine gradients, hypoxia, hypoglycemia, etc) have not been fully elucidated. Identifying these mechanisms can lead to targeted, individualized therapy to prevent metastasis. The Nano Intravital Device (NANIVID) is a microfabricated, implantable device designed to initiate specific microenvironments in vivo so that the time course of the effects can be observed. With both spatial and temporal control over the induced environments, the affected regions of the tumor can be compared to the rest of the tumor. The NANIVID …

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Examining The Role Of Resiliency, Sympathetic Nervous System, And Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis In Moderating The Link Between Community Violence And Psychopathology In Children And Adolescents, Ari Neal Rabkin Jan 2014

Examining The Role Of Resiliency, Sympathetic Nervous System, And Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis In Moderating The Link Between Community Violence And Psychopathology In Children And Adolescents, Ari Neal Rabkin

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Research suggests that community violence exposure in children appears to be widespread and likely places children at a higher risk for aggression. However, not all children exposed to community violence develop behavioral problems. Interest has centered on possible moderating factors that may affect the relationship between community violence and later aggression, including biological reactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and supportive resiliency factors. Exposure to violence may be related to an asymmetry between SNS and HPA axis activation, whereas resiliency factors may buffer the effect of community violence. To date, however, few studies have …

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The Role Of Glucose Transporter 4 During Cognitive Enhancement By Angiotensin Iv, Leslie Ann Sandusky Jan 2014

The Role Of Glucose Transporter 4 During Cognitive Enhancement By Angiotensin Iv, Leslie Ann Sandusky

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized behaviorally by profound cognitive impairment. Currently, there is no cure for this disorder and available therapeutics only slow the progression of cognitive decline in a subset of the AD population Recent research has shifted to upregulation of the insulin signaling pathway as a mechanism to restore cognition in the AD population, as this system is known to be impaired in the AD brain. A possible novel therapeutic for the treatment of cognitive impairment is Angiotensin IV (Ang IV). Ang IV is an endogenous pentapeptide inhibitor of the insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP) and …

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Refugee Protection And Assistance : Locating Gender In Refugee Policies, Programs, And Experiences, Mwaka Nachilongo Jan 2014

Refugee Protection And Assistance : Locating Gender In Refugee Policies, Programs, And Experiences, Mwaka Nachilongo

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

REFUGEE PROTECTION AND ASSISTANCE: LOCATING GENDER IN

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The Role Of Distress Tolerance And Expectancies In Women's Alcohol Consumption, Cathryn Glanton Holzhauer Jan 2014

The Role Of Distress Tolerance And Expectancies In Women's Alcohol Consumption, Cathryn Glanton Holzhauer

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The current study explored risk factors for alcohol misuse in women. Past research suggests that negative emotions and stress responsivity may be causally related to alcohol use in women. Based on negative reinforcement models of alcohol use, it was hypothesized that low levels of behavioral distress tolerance (behavioral DT; defined as the ability to persist in goal-directed behavior in the face of psychological distress) may put women at greater risk of alcohol misuse particularly in the context of positive expectancies about the tension-reducing qualities of alcohol. Additionally, the study explored physiological underpinnings of behavioral distress tolerance, and particularly how skin …

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First-Principles Study Of The Electric Field Effect On The Water-Adsorbed Rutile Titanium Dioxide Surface, Abraham L. Hmiel Jan 2014

First-Principles Study Of The Electric Field Effect On The Water-Adsorbed Rutile Titanium Dioxide Surface, Abraham L. Hmiel

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

TiO2 is a semiconducting material that has been used extensively in many industrial applications, and recently has become a candidate for photocatalytic water splitting, fuel cell anode support materials, sensors, and other novel nanodevices. The interface of TiO2 with water, historically well-studied but still poorly understood, presents a ubiquitous environmental challenge towards the ultimate practical usefulness of these technologies. Ground-state density functional theory (DFT) calculations studying the characteristics of molecular adsorption on model surfaces have been studied for decades, showing constant improvement in the description of the energetics and electronic structure at interfaces. These simulations are invaluable in the …

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