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2014

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Study Of Role Of Ribosomal Protein L13a In Resolving Inflammation, Darshana Poddar Jan 2014

Study Of Role Of Ribosomal Protein L13a In Resolving Inflammation, Darshana Poddar

ETD Archive

Inflammation is an obligatory attempt of the host immune system to protect the body against infection. However, unregulated synthesis of pro-inflammatory products can have detrimental effects. Though mechanisms which contribute to inflammation are well appreciated, those that resolve inflammation are poorly understood. Therefore, understanding the molecular basis of such pathways will provide an entirely novel approach to treat and prevent inflammatory diseases. Transcript-selective translational control can regulate the expression of a set of inflammatory genes. We have identified one such mechanism in a novel animal model which relies on the abrogation of ribosomal protein L13a-dependent translational silencing by creating macrophage-specific …

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Treatment Outcomes Of Patients With Low Back Pain Treated In A Pain Rehabilitation Program, Sarah C. Rispinto Jan 2014

Treatment Outcomes Of Patients With Low Back Pain Treated In A Pain Rehabilitation Program, Sarah C. Rispinto

ETD Archive

The study utilized an individual change model to investigate the effectiveness of a chronic pain rehabilitation program at treating pain, mood (depression, anxiety, and stress), and function for chronic low back pain patients. This retrospective study consisted of a sample of 621 patients with a chronic low back pain diagnosis who completed an interdisciplinary rehabilitation program. The outcomes of pain, mood and function were assessed at four waves including admission, discharge, 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups using established instruments. The Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS) by Lovibond and Lovibond (1995) was used to assess patients' self-reported levels of depression, anxiety and …

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Role Of Mtorc1 And Autophagy In The Regulation Of Chemoresistance In Leukemic B-Cells, Arishya Sharma Jan 2014

Role Of Mtorc1 And Autophagy In The Regulation Of Chemoresistance In Leukemic B-Cells, Arishya Sharma

ETD Archive

Deregulated mTORC1 contributes to tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. However, mTORC1-specific inhibitors (rapalogs) show modest efficacy in the clinic, as they unleash the feedback inhibition on upstream, prosurvival pathways. An alternative approach is to target downstream functions of mTORC1. We investigated acquired resistance to fludarabine (Flu), a purine analog, active agent for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Elevated phospho-p70S6k (T389), an mTORC1 activation marker, predicted Flu resistance in a panel of B-cell tumor lines, and primary CLL cells. However, the rapalogs induced moderate cell death in Flu-resistant (FluR) and primary CLL cells. Activation of oncogenic pathways, including mTORC1, induces profound metabolic reprogramming to …

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Magnesium As A Regulator Of Hepatic Nadph In The Hepatocyte :;Prospective Roles Of Magnesium In Diabetes And Obesity Onset, Chesinta B. Voma Jan 2014

Magnesium As A Regulator Of Hepatic Nadph In The Hepatocyte :;Prospective Roles Of Magnesium In Diabetes And Obesity Onset, Chesinta B. Voma

ETD Archive

No abstract provided.

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Metal Containing Nucleosides That Function As Therapeutic Diagnostic Agents Against Brain Cancer, Jennifer Nicole Williams Jan 2014

Metal Containing Nucleosides That Function As Therapeutic Diagnostic Agents Against Brain Cancer, Jennifer Nicole Williams

ETD Archive

Nucleoside transporters are essential components for the hyperproliferative capabilities of brain cancer cells. These transporters play important roles to increase nucleoside metabolism which is necessary for higher levels of DNA and RNA synthesis. The goal here is to use a series of metal containing nucleoside (MCN) analogues as novel chemical agents to study how nucleosides are imported into cells. In addition, we expect that these MCNs will ultimately function as therapeutic and/or diagnostic agents for brain cancer. Concentrative nucleoside transporters (CNTs) and equilibrative nucleoside transporters (ENTs) represent the two classes of transporters that allow MCNs to travel in (and out) …

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Dispersal Capabilities Of Two Plecopteran Species And Macroinvertebrate Community From Four Watersheds In Northeast Ohio, Alison L. Yasick Jan 2014

Dispersal Capabilities Of Two Plecopteran Species And Macroinvertebrate Community From Four Watersheds In Northeast Ohio, Alison L. Yasick

ETD Archive

This dissertation focused on the insect order Plecoptera, and hypothesized that Allocapnia recta populations would have lower genetic diversity than Leuctra tenuis between adjacent Chagrin and Grand Rivers due to wing structure and season of terrestrial adult emergence. Genetic variations within the 16s rRNA region of mtDNA in A. recta, a winter emerging adult with rudimentary wing structure, and L. tenuis, a summer emerging adult with fully developed wings, were compared and revealed significant genetic variability between A. recta samples from the two rivers (FST = 0.20) but not between L. tenuis samples (FST = 0.07). Further genetic variation investigation …

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The Impact Of Substance Abuse Training And Support On Psychologists' Functioning As Alcohol And Drug Counselors, Yvona Layla Pabian Jan 2014

The Impact Of Substance Abuse Training And Support On Psychologists' Functioning As Alcohol And Drug Counselors, Yvona Layla Pabian

ETD Archive

Alcohol and other drug (AoD) problems occur at epidemic levels in society, yet many individuals do not receive adequate treatment. Research suggests that psychologists are disinterested in AoD counseling, and have AoD training, attitude, and skill deficits. The current study examined the role of AoD training and professional support on psychologists' functioning as AoD counselors. The ultimate purpose of the study was to determine what interventions may be useful for improving psychologists' ability to provide AoD counseling. One hundred and seventy-eight members of four divisions of the American Psychological Association were surveyed using a measure developed by the author based …

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The Role Of Rnase L In Thymic Homeostasis And Humoral Responses, Lin Zhang Jan 2014

The Role Of Rnase L In Thymic Homeostasis And Humoral Responses, Lin Zhang

ETD Archive

RNase L is highly expressed in the spleen, thymus, and multiple immune cells, suggesting that it may play an important role in the immune system against microbes. Previous studies in the lab have shown that deficiency of RNase L results in enlarged thymuses in mice at young age. However, relatively little is known about its influence on the thymic development and adaptive immunogenicity. The present Ph.D. study focuses on investigating the role of RNase L in the thymic homeostasis and humoral immune responses, thereby gaining new insights into the molecular aspects in thymocyte development, maturation and adaptive immunity.By using RNase …

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Mineral Uptake Rates And Yield Coefficients Of The Green Microalgae Scenedesmus Dimorphus, Grace N. Mahfouz Jan 2014

Mineral Uptake Rates And Yield Coefficients Of The Green Microalgae Scenedesmus Dimorphus, Grace N. Mahfouz

ETD Archive

The need for renewable sources of energy has become critical as fossil fuel resources, which include oil, coal, and natural gas, are known to contribute to climate change and will eventually be depleted. Biofuels that originate from the fat of plants, animals, microalgae, and bacteria are an attractive alternative. Microalgae, in particular, are strong candidates for biofuel production since they have a high growth rate and lipid content (up to 50 in some species). The goal of this research was to optimize 3N-BBM+V recipe (Bold Basal Medium with 3-fold Nitrogen and Vitamins) in an effort of reducing the amount of …

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Color Removal From Dye And Sugar Wastewater Using Coagulation And Microfiltration Processes, Saketh Thanneeru Jan 2014

Color Removal From Dye And Sugar Wastewater Using Coagulation And Microfiltration Processes, Saketh Thanneeru

ETD Archive

The water is widely used in process industries, but its use is not always made in a rational way. Due to the growing demand for water by the people and industries, it is necessary to consider the new problem of water supply. Water contamination by organic and inorganic compounds is of great public concern. The textile and sugar industry are the major producers of the wastewater with a varying parameters. Even though there are new technologies for color removal till this date coagulation is seen as the most economical alternative to all technologies present now. In this thesis we study …

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Effects Of Shear Stress On The Distribution Of Kindlins In Endothelial Cells, Sidney V. Jones Jan 2014

Effects Of Shear Stress On The Distribution Of Kindlins In Endothelial Cells, Sidney V. Jones

ETD Archive

Endothelial cells (ECs) are exposed to changes in shear stress under a variety of physiological and pathological circumstances and respond by changing their shape, gene expression and cytoskeletal arrangement. Integrins are central mediators of these mechanotransduction responses of ECs and integrin function is in turn controlled by interaction of their short cytoplasmic tails with cytoplasmic binding partners. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of the kindlin family members, known cytoplasmic tail binding proteins, as regulators of integrin function. Our lab has previously shown that kindlin-2 (K2) and kindlin-3 (K3) are both expressed and functionally significant for integrin mediated cellular events …

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Laboratory Measurements Of The Deep Venusian Atmosphere, Timothy J. Palinski Jan 2014

Laboratory Measurements Of The Deep Venusian Atmosphere, Timothy J. Palinski

ETD Archive

NASA Glenn Research Center has designed and built a test chamber that can recreate the hot, dense atmospheric conditions of the deep Venusian atmosphere, where pressures range as high as 92 atmospheres and temperatures as high as 740 K. The majority of this thesis lies in experimentally measuring and quantifying the infrared absorption of CO2 at Venus-like conditions in this laboratory setting. In particular, we describe the challenges and solutions involved in achieving repeatable laboratory test conditions, as well as the iterative process of modifying/optimizing our experimental test setup, including proposed future improvements. We discuss our measured CO2 absorption spectra, …

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Benefits Of Nitric Oxide Cues To Matrix Synthesis By Healthy And Aneurysmal Human Smooth Muscle Cells Within 3d Cocultures, Phillip Simmers Jan 2014

Benefits Of Nitric Oxide Cues To Matrix Synthesis By Healthy And Aneurysmal Human Smooth Muscle Cells Within 3d Cocultures, Phillip Simmers

ETD Archive

Vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and aneurysms are characterized by the over-proliferation and migration of aortic smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) within the vessel wall, leading to compromise in cell-cell and cell-matrix signaling pathways. Recent tissue engineering approaches to regulate SMC over-proliferation and enhance healthy ECM synthesis showed promise, but resulted in low crosslinking efficiency and matrix deposition yields. In this study, the benefits of exogenous nitric oxide cues, delivered from S-Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), to cell proliferation and matrix deposition by adult human aortic SMCs (HA-SMCs) within 3D biomimetic cultures have been explored. The first experiment …

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Multilevel Analysis Of Fifth Grade Teacher Qualifications And Their Students' Science Achievement, Nigel Noll Jan 2014

Multilevel Analysis Of Fifth Grade Teacher Qualifications And Their Students' Science Achievement, Nigel Noll

ETD Archive

The No Child Left Behind Act mandated every student be taught by a highly qualified teacher (HQT). Criteria to determine if teachers meet the HQT mandate fail to account for differences in grade levels, subject areas, and student demographics. This study posited that the relationship between measures of teacher quality and student achievement vary according to contextual factors. Fifth grade is unique in that it marks students' transition from upper elementary to middle school grade levels thus, fifth grade may be classified as either an upper elementary grade or middle grade. This classification determines HQT requirements specifically, classification affects the …

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Electrostatically Controlled Enzymatic Reaction, Metabolic Processes And Microbial Generation Of Electric Power, Yang Song Jan 2014

Electrostatically Controlled Enzymatic Reaction, Metabolic Processes And Microbial Generation Of Electric Power, Yang Song

ETD Archive

This thesis shows that electric fields can be used to control electron transport in biological systems and improve the performance of biological devices using an external gating voltage. It has recently been shown that an ultrasensitive detection method based on electric field effect can be used to control the kinetics of enzymatic conversion of glucose. The first part of the thesis is a mechanistic study of the enzyme catalyzed conversion of glucose to gluconolactone using the field effect enzymatic detection (FEED) technique. Use of a voltage controlled enzymatic system decreased electrons tunnel between electrode and active center of glucose oxidase …

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Testing Of Geat Bay Oysters For Two Protozoan Pathogens, Douglas E. Grout Jan 2014

Testing Of Geat Bay Oysters For Two Protozoan Pathogens, Douglas E. Grout

PREP Reports & Publications

Two protozoan pathogens, Haplosporidium nelsoni (MSX) and Perkinsus marinus (Dermo), are known to be present in Great Bay oysters. With funds provided by the Piscataqua Region Estuaries Partnership (PREP), the Marine Fisheries Division of the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department (NHF&G) continues to assess the presence and intensity of both of these disease conditions in oysters from the major beds within the Great Bay estuarine system. Histological examinations of Great Bay oysters have also revealed other endoparasites.

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Piscataqua Region Environmental Planning Assessment 2015, Piscataqua Region Estuaries Partnership Jan 2014

Piscataqua Region Environmental Planning Assessment 2015, Piscataqua Region Estuaries Partnership

PREP Reports & Publications

This is the second assessment of land use regulations and planning practices in our watershed, and provides an important understanding of how we are managing our community’s natural resources. Although progress in protecting water quality has been made, management actions are inconsistent across the watershed and even within sub watersheds. In order to protect the places we live, and accommodate growth. It is clear that purposeful coordination and consistency is critical to success in improving water quality and minimizing community costs associated with pollution and impacts from intensifying weather events.

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Acoustic And Respiratory Measures As A Function Of Age In The Male Voice, Mark Selent Jan 2014

Acoustic And Respiratory Measures As A Function Of Age In The Male Voice, Mark Selent

ETD Archive

The purpose of this study was to extend understanding of the effects of aging on the male voice by obtaining and analyzing both acoustic and respiratory measures across the aging continuum. Aerodynamic measurements such as vital capacity (VC), maximum phonation time (MPT) and the acoustic measurement Speaking Fundamental Frequency (SFF) are used commonly in Speech-language Pathology to aid in the assessment and treatment outcomes of vocal dysfunction. However, current research lacks analysis of the interaction across these parameters within males and younger ages. This information may be important in understanding the normal changes in the speech mechanism with age and …

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Relationships Between Diet, Exercise And Learning In The Regular Science Classroom Setting, Joseph R. Sieracki Jan 2014

Relationships Between Diet, Exercise And Learning In The Regular Science Classroom Setting, Joseph R. Sieracki

ETD Archive

The purpose of this study is to examine how diet and exercise relate to student achievement and learning in the regular classroom setting. Research questions include whether or not there is a positive correlation between the amount/type of exercise a student receives per week and learning, as well as relationships between their diet and learning in the classroom. Forty high school honors biology students were surveyed as to their dietary and exercise habits. This data was compared to their individual average test grades as a measure of learning

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Self-Assembly Of Peptides To Nanostructures, Dindyal Mandal, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Keykavous Parang Jan 2014

Self-Assembly Of Peptides To Nanostructures, Dindyal Mandal, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The formation of well-ordered nanostructures through self-assembly of diverse organic and inorganic building blocks has drawn much attention owing to their potential applications in biology and chemistry. Among all organic building blocks, peptides are one of the most promising platforms due to their biocompatibility, chemical diversity, and resemblance with proteins. Inspired from the protein assembly in biological systems, various self-assembled peptide structures have been constructed using several amino acids and sequences. This review focuses on this emerging area, the recent advances in peptide self-assembly, and formation of different nanostructures, such as tubular, fibers, vesicles, spherical, and rod coil structures. While …

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Indian Play, Lisa K. Neuman Jan 2014

Indian Play, Lisa K. Neuman

University of Nebraska Press: Sample Books and Chapters

When Indian University—now Bacone College—opened its doors in Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) in 1880, it was a small Baptist institution designed to train young Native Americans to be teachers and Christian missionaries among their own people and to act as agents of cultural assimilation. From 1927 to 1957, however, Bacone College changed course and pursued a new strategy of emphasizing the Indian identities of its students and projecting often-romanticized images of Indianness to the non-Indian public in its fund-raising campaigns. Money was funneled back into the school as administrators hired Native American faculty who in turn created innovative curricular programs …

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Deep Map Country, Susan Naramore Maher Jan 2014

Deep Map Country, Susan Naramore Maher

University of Nebraska Press: Sample Books and Chapters

Taking its name from the subtitle of William Least Heat-Moon’s PrairyErth (a deep map), the “deep-map” form of nonfiction and environmental writing defines an innovative and stratigraphic literary genre. Proposing that its roots can be found in Great Plains nonfiction writing, Susan Naramore Maher explores the many facets of this vital form of critique, exploration, and celebration that weaves together such elements of narrative as natural history, cultural history, geography, memoir, and intertextuality. Maher’s Deep Map Country gives readers the first book-length study of the deep-map nonfiction of the Great Plains region, featuring writers as diverse as Julene Bair, …

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Native Diasporas, Gregory D. Smithers, Brooke N. Newman Jan 2014

Native Diasporas, Gregory D. Smithers, Brooke N. Newman

University of Nebraska Press: Sample Books and Chapters

The arrival of European settlers in the Americas disrupted indigenous lifeways, and the effects of colonialism shattered Native communities. Forced migration and human trafficking created a diaspora of cultures, languages, and people. Gregory D. Smithers and Brooke N. Newman have gathered the work of leading scholars, including Bill Anthes, Duane Champagne, Daniel Cobb, Donald Fixico, and Joy Porter, among others, in examining an expansive range of Native peoples and the extent of their influences through reaggregation. These diverse and wide-ranging essays uncover indigenous understandings of self-identification, community, and culture through the speeches, cultural products, intimate relations, and political and legal …

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Vietnam And The Colonial Condition Of French Literature, Leslie Barnes Jan 2014

Vietnam And The Colonial Condition Of French Literature, Leslie Barnes

University of Nebraska Press: Sample Books and Chapters

Vietnam and the Colonial Condition of French Literature explores an aspect of modern French literature that has been consistently overlooked in literary histories: the relationship between the colonies—their cultures, languages, and people—and formal shifts in French literary production. Starting from the premise that neither cultural identity nor cultural production can be pure or homogenous, Leslie Barnes initiates a new discourse on the French literary canon by examining the work of three iconic French writers with personal connections to Vietnam: André Malraux, Marguerite Duras, and Linda Lê. In a thorough investigation of the authors’ linguistic, metaphysical, and textual experiences of colonialism, …

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High Prevalence Of Early Childhood Infection By Kshv In A Minority Population In China, Yifei Cao, Veenu Minhas, Xiaohua Tan, Jin Huang, Baodong Wang, Meiyi Zhu, Yuan Gao, Tingting Zhao, Lei Yang, Charles Wood Jan 2014

High Prevalence Of Early Childhood Infection By Kshv In A Minority Population In China, Yifei Cao, Veenu Minhas, Xiaohua Tan, Jin Huang, Baodong Wang, Meiyi Zhu, Yuan Gao, Tingting Zhao, Lei Yang, Charles Wood

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

In China, KSHV seroprevalence varies considerably among different regions and ethnicities. But in Xinjiang province, located in the northwestern China, there is a very high seroprevalence of KSHV in adults of Kazak and Ughur ethnicities. However, KSHV prevalence in children and the risk factors associated with the acquisition of infection are currently not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of KSHV infection, identify associated socio-economic or behavioral risk factors and the humoral immune response among children in this population. This is a cross-sectional study (N=178) to screen children and their caregivers from Xinjiang for total …

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Frequency-Dependent Mate Selection In The Guppy (Poeciliidae: Poecilia Reticulata), Andre Porter, Jack Frankel Jan 2014

Frequency-Dependent Mate Selection In The Guppy (Poeciliidae: Poecilia Reticulata), Andre Porter, Jack Frankel

Department of Biology Faculty Publications

Heterogeneity within a population enhances its long-term survival. A fundamental method of maintaining population heterogeneity is the retention of rare or uncommon phenotypes by selective mating strategies. Employing two color morphs, red tuxedo and red, of the guppy (Poecilia reticulata, Poeciliidae), this study was designed to investigate whether P. reticulata females would preferentially seek out heterogeneous groupings of males exhibiting two color morphs. Adult female guppies were exposed simultaneously to two groups of males (n=10); one comprised of only the tuxedo color morph (n=5) and the other of both color morphs (n=5). For the latter group, the ratio of males …

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Eastern Wild Turkey Reproductive Ecology In Longleaf Pine Forests, Andrew R. Little, Mary M. Streich, Michael J. Chamberlain, L. Mike Conner, Robert J. Warren, Joseph W. Jones Jan 2014

Eastern Wild Turkey Reproductive Ecology In Longleaf Pine Forests, Andrew R. Little, Mary M. Streich, Michael J. Chamberlain, L. Mike Conner, Robert J. Warren, Joseph W. Jones

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Stability, United States Army Jan 2014

Stability, United States Army

United States Army: Field Manuals

Stability, United States Army Field Manual FM 3-07

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Perchlorate Content Of Plant Foliage Reflects A Wide Range Of Species Dependent Accumulation But Not Ozone-Induced Biosynthesis, D A. Grantz, K O. Burkey, W A. Jackson, H B. Vu, M T. Mcgrath, G Harvey Jan 2014

Perchlorate Content Of Plant Foliage Reflects A Wide Range Of Species Dependent Accumulation But Not Ozone-Induced Biosynthesis, D A. Grantz, K O. Burkey, W A. Jackson, H B. Vu, M T. Mcgrath, G Harvey

United States Air Force: Publications

Perchlorate (ClO4-) interferes with uptake of iodide in humans. Emission inventories do not explain observed distributions. Ozone (O3) is implicated in the natural origin of ClO4-, and has increased since preindustrial times. O3 produces ClO4 - in vitro from Cl -, and plant tissues contain Cl- and redox reactions.We hypothesize that O3 exposure may induce plant synthesis of ClO4-.We exposed contrasting crop species to environmentally relevant O3 concentrations. In the absence of O3 exposure, species exhibited a large range of ClO4- accumulation but there was no relationship between leaf ClO4- and O3, whether expressed as exposure or cumulative flux (dose). …

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Friends With Benefits! Distributed Cognition Hooks Up Cognitive And Social Conceptions Of Science, P.D. Magnus, Ron Mcclamrock Jan 2014

Friends With Benefits! Distributed Cognition Hooks Up Cognitive And Social Conceptions Of Science, P.D. Magnus, Ron Mcclamrock

Philosophy Faculty Scholarship

One approach to science treats science as a cognitive accomplishment of individuals and so defines a scientific community as an aggregate of individual enquirers. Another treats science as a fundamentally collective endeavor and so defines a scientist as a member of a scientific community. Distributed cognition has been offered as a framework that could be used to reconcile these two approaches. Adam Toon has recently asked if the cognitive and the social can be friends at last. He answers that they probably cannot, posing objections to the would-be rapprochement. We clarify both the animosity and the tonic proposed to resolve …

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