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2014

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Cytotoxicity Of Caffeine, Ephedrine, And Metabolites, Jennetta Watson, Dr. Gary Booth Jan 2014

Cytotoxicity Of Caffeine, Ephedrine, And Metabolites, Jennetta Watson, Dr. Gary Booth

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Caffeine and ephedrine are found together as constituents in a variety of dietary supplements promising to increase metabolism, raise energy levels, and promote weight loss. Much research has been done in this area; however, there is little to no information in the literature about studies focused on the toxicity and anti-proliferative properties of this same caffeine/ephedrine combination occurring at the cellular level. Caffeine’s toxicity against many cell types has been well documented for years.1 In addition, a number of studies have shown that using caffeine or its metabolites in combination with other chemical or physical reagents increases the overall …

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The Phylogeny And Evolution Of Color Patterning Among The Pleasing Fungus Beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae)., James A. Robertson, Dr. Michael F. Whiting Jan 2014

The Phylogeny And Evolution Of Color Patterning Among The Pleasing Fungus Beetles (Coleoptera: Erotylidae)., James A. Robertson, Dr. Michael F. Whiting

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The family Erotylidae (pleasing fungus beetles) currently includes 125 genera, and approximately 2,500 described species and has a worldwide distribution. There are five currently recognized subfamilies within Erotylidae: Dacninae, Megalodacninae, Eucaustinae, Tritominae, and Erotylinae. Erotylids are mycophagous, feeding on basidiomycete fungi, and exhibit a wide range of gregarious behavior. Most erotylids have a striking appearance, exhibiting bright colors including red, yellow, pink, and purple, frequently in combination with contrasting black. These colors are often arranged in zigzag, banding, or polka dot patterns. It has been suggested that the striking coloration found among erotylids is aposematic, and erotylids are consequently presumed …

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The Inhibitory Affects Of Phytochemicals Against A Carcinogen By The Modulation Of Xenobiotic Enzymes In Hepg2 Cells, Jon Ahlstrom, Dr. Kim O'Neill Jan 2014

The Inhibitory Affects Of Phytochemicals Against A Carcinogen By The Modulation Of Xenobiotic Enzymes In Hepg2 Cells, Jon Ahlstrom, Dr. Kim O'Neill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Cancer is the cause of death of 1 in 3 citizens in the United States. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables can reduce cancer deaths by 33%. Cancer prevention from dietary plants may in part be derived from individual phytochemicals inherent to the plant. The identification of plant phytochemicals that have anti-cancer properties and their mode of action is an important area of cancer research.

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Examination Of Ap-4 As A Transcriptional Activator Of The Col11a2 Chondrocyte-Specific Enhancer Elements, Todd Lincoln Jackson, Dr. Laura Bridgewater Jan 2014

Examination Of Ap-4 As A Transcriptional Activator Of The Col11a2 Chondrocyte-Specific Enhancer Elements, Todd Lincoln Jackson, Dr. Laura Bridgewater

Journal of Undergraduate Research

My purpose is to explore activator protein 4’s (AP-4) role in the expression of the Col11a2 gene. My hypothesis is that AP-4 will bind to the Col11a2 enhancer elements and increase activity of that gene. AP-4 is a ubiquitous transcription factor. Transcription factors are proteins that help regulate cell differentiation and proliferation by binding to enhancer sites to promote or inhibit gene expression. Previous work has shown that the mouse Col11a2 gene contains at least three enhancer sites namely; ABC, DE, and FG [1,2]. Each sequence of the enhancer sites was put through two computer databases of known transcription factors …

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Evolution Of Cytochrome B In Elapidae (Squamata: Serpentes), Dean H. Leavitt, Dr. David A. Mcclellan Jan 2014

Evolution Of Cytochrome B In Elapidae (Squamata: Serpentes), Dean H. Leavitt, Dr. David A. Mcclellan

Journal of Undergraduate Research

DNA sequences provide a wealth of information that allows systematists to better understand the phylogenetic history of the earth’s current biota. Some genes are better suited for phylogenetic studies than others, and one that has been commonly used is the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. Cytochrome b (cyt-b) is a membrane-bound protein that is the central catalytic subunit of the Q-cycle in the electron transport chain (Zhang et al., 1998). The structure and function of cyt-b has been studied extensively and is well understood (Degli Esposti et al., 1993). Changes within cyt-b have been studied at the nucleotide, amino acid and …

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Bacteria As Bioindicators: Bioassessment In The Bonneville Basin Of Utah, Mark Merkley, Russell Rader Jan 2014

Bacteria As Bioindicators: Bioassessment In The Bonneville Basin Of Utah, Mark Merkley, Russell Rader

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Bioassessment is the practice of using organisms to detect environmental health and integrity. Ecosystem health and integrity depend on the interaction between living organism and ecosystem function. All organisms or groups of organisms do not respond the same to environmental stress. Depending on various disturbance characteristics, each group may respond at different rates and provide different information (Rader, 2001). Besides the usual macrophytes, macroinvertebrates, or algae, bacteria have the capability of being strong bioindicators. Because of their extremely small size, bacteria have the highest surface-to volume ratios of any living organisms. Thus, bacteria should be the most environmentally aware organisms, …

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The Specific Binding Of Protein’S To The Abc, Fg, And De Enhancer Elements Of The Col11a2 Gene, Kristopher Bennion, Dr. Laura Bridgewater Jan 2014

The Specific Binding Of Protein’S To The Abc, Fg, And De Enhancer Elements Of The Col11a2 Gene, Kristopher Bennion, Dr. Laura Bridgewater

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Gene therapy is extensively being studied in many labs for the potential treatment of such disorders as arthritis, cancer, diabetes, and other such disabling diseases. Researchers in Dr. Bridgewater’s lab have been studying the Col11a2 gene in hopes of future treatment of such disorders as cleft palate, dwarfism, and several forms of arthritis. Two years ago we confirmed and established that ABC, DE, and FG were indeed acting as enhancer elements for the Col11a2 gene through various mutations to these specific regions of the gene. These findings have led the lab to do research in the development of a “super …

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Dppg Susceptibility To Human Group X Phospholipase A2, Katrina Behling, Dr. John D. Bell Jan 2014

Dppg Susceptibility To Human Group X Phospholipase A2, Katrina Behling, Dr. John D. Bell

Journal of Undergraduate Research

There are eight known isoforms of the mammalian secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2). One of these, the recently discovered human group X sPLA2 (hGX), when added to adherent cells, has the ability to cleave the second fatty acid side chain of phospholipids, thereby producing arachidonic acid. Other isozymes, when added in a similar manner, do not release arachidonic acid unless the cells have become non-adherent, or are first treated with chemicals that increase intracellular calcium levels such as ionomycin, lysolecithin, or thionin. Originally, we were interested in whether hGX would respond with increased enzymatic activity, as do the other sPLA2 isoforms, …

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Convergent Hiv Evolution, Keith A. Crandall, Dr. Chris R. Kelsey Jan 2014

Convergent Hiv Evolution, Keith A. Crandall, Dr. Chris R. Kelsey

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a retrovirus with RNA as its genetic material. During the replication cycle, the enzyme reverse transcriptase uses the RNA template to transcribe a complementary DNA copy. Because of the significant infidelity of reverse transcriptase, mutations accumulate within the viral genome at a rate approximately a million times higher than that of a typical host genome (3). This high mutation rate leads to a heterogeneous population in which viral isolates are closely related and evolutionary pathways can be discerned from molecular data. In addition, high mutation rates allow for accelerated evolution, especially under selective conditions. …

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Production Of Cytokines Interleukin-6 And Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha In Human Adrenocortical H295r Cells, Joseph Johnson, Dr. Allan M. Judd Jan 2014

Production Of Cytokines Interleukin-6 And Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha In Human Adrenocortical H295r Cells, Joseph Johnson, Dr. Allan M. Judd

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Difficulties associated with research into the physiology of the human adrenal gland have been alleviated due to the isolation of the human adrenocortical tumor cell-line, NCI-H295R, which retains the ability to produce adrenocortical steroids (e.g. aldosterone, cortisol, DHEA) when grown in culture (1). We investigated whether these cells also produce cytokines, peptides which regulate endocrine and immune function.

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The Role Of Interleukin-6, C-Fos And C-Jun In Adrenal Secretion, D. Craig Seager, Dr. Allan M. Judd Jan 2014

The Role Of Interleukin-6, C-Fos And C-Jun In Adrenal Secretion, D. Craig Seager, Dr. Allan M. Judd

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The secretions of the adrenal gland are responsible for the body’s response to stress. One of the major mechanisms by which these secretions are regulated is by the way of the hypothalamuspituitary- adrenal axis (HPA axis). However, it was suspected that other mechanisms exist that are utilized by the body in order to up or down regulate adrenal secretions. One adrenal secretion, cortisol, is of special interest due to its great abundance and various effects in the body. Cortisol levels are generally regulated by ACTH, which is released by the pituitary. However, it was also shown to be increased by …

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Molecular Mechanism Of Neuronal Communication, Blake Simmons, Dr. Dixon Woodbury Jan 2014

Molecular Mechanism Of Neuronal Communication, Blake Simmons, Dr. Dixon Woodbury

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Nerve Cells communicate with each other by synaptic transmission. Synaptic transmission is the release by one nerve cell of neurotransmitters packaged in synaptic vesicles. Proteins known as SNAREs, (e.g., synaptobrevin and syntaxin) are believed to drive neurotransmitter release by inducing fusion (exocytosis) within a presynaptic neuron. Figure 1 shows a synaptic vesicle binding to the presynaptic membrane and the interaction of two SNARE proteins.i,ii My plan was to map which domains of the SNARE protein, syntaxin, are necessary for fusion.

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Common Variable Immunodeficiency: Literature And Reality, Heather Janene Kearl, Dr. Richard R. Tolman Jan 2014

Common Variable Immunodeficiency: Literature And Reality, Heather Janene Kearl, Dr. Richard R. Tolman

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is one of the least understood primary immunodeficiencies. It is a disease where the body attacks its own antibodies, destroying all or most of them. Patients with CVID suffer from recurrent illnesses such as pneumonia, hepatitis, and other infections. While scientists know very little about the illness, there is much information available postulating its origin. In my thesis, I reviewed the current literature concerning CVID and compared it to the real life story of a woman, Darlene Phillips, whose life CVID has shaped.

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Preliminary Phylogeneic Analyses Of The Erotylidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Erotylidae) Based On Molecular Data, James A. Robertson, Dr. Michael F. Whiting Jan 2014

Preliminary Phylogeneic Analyses Of The Erotylidae (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Erotylidae) Based On Molecular Data, James A. Robertson, Dr. Michael F. Whiting

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The Cucujoidea, a very diverse beetle superfamily, includes mycophagous and wood consuming beetles. Within the Cucujoidea is the family Erotylidae (pleasing fungus beetles). The Erotylidae includes 125 genera and approximately 2,500 species, and has a worldwide distribution. Erotylids are known for their striking coloration, including black with yellow, red, orange and even pink and purple (Boyle 1956). The current hypothesis of erotylid phylogeny is based exclusively on adult morphology and was not formulated using rigorous phylogenetic methodology. Hence phylogenetic relationships of the major lineages within this family are dubious. Since erotylid beetles exhibit such striking aposematic coloration, a well-supported phylogeny, …

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Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (Aflp) Analysis Of Head Smut Population Diversity, Jennifer Waters, Dr. Mikel R. Stevens Jan 2014

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (Aflp) Analysis Of Head Smut Population Diversity, Jennifer Waters, Dr. Mikel R. Stevens

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass), an invasive winter annual weed, displaces native vegetation, invades crops, and fuels rangeland fires across approximately 40 million hectares of the Intermountain West. Most attempts to control the weed have been unsuccessful, leading to a search for a biological control agent. Ustilago bullata, head smut, is a natural species-specific, fungal pathogen of cheatgrass. Despite apparent phenotypic (physical) uniformity in cheatgrass and head smut, susceptibility and virulence, respectively, are variable. These findings led to the hypothesis that genetic variability for susceptibility/pathogenicity exists in the host and pathogen.

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Antibiotic Resistance In Escherichia-Coli Isolates From Guatemala, Troy Russon, Dr. Ronald Leavitt Jan 2014

Antibiotic Resistance In Escherichia-Coli Isolates From Guatemala, Troy Russon, Dr. Ronald Leavitt

Journal of Undergraduate Research

It is estimated that at least one-half of all antibiotic use in the United States is inappropriate.1 Physicians often prescribe broad spectrum antibiotics when the disease causing bacterial strain could be targeted specifically. Also, patients are prone to expect prescriptions for antibiotics even when their infections are viral, such as the common cold. While the United States and most industrialized nations require prescriptions for antimicrobial drug use, most developing countries do not. It is reasonable to hypothesize that drug resistance in these countries may be occurring at a more accelerated rate.2 I tested Escherichia-coli isolates from Guatemala for resistance to …

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In Vitro Effects Of Follicular Dendritic Cells On Proliferation Of Hiv Infected T Cells, Jesse Rowley, Dr. Gregory Burton Jan 2014

In Vitro Effects Of Follicular Dendritic Cells On Proliferation Of Hiv Infected T Cells, Jesse Rowley, Dr. Gregory Burton

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the cause of AIDS, has eluded successful treatment since its discovery in the early 1980s. HIV is a retrovirus that infects and eventually destroys CD4+ T cells. In HIV infected individuals it is believed that during the longest phase of infection (latency) most viral production takes place in and around the germinal centers of secondary lymphoid tissues. Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) are a unique component of the germinal center, and previous studies done in our laboratory have suggested that FDCs may augment viral replication and/or infection within the germinal center.

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Ancient Egyptian Textiles: A Genetic Look Into 2000-Year-Old Egyptian Communities, Shaun Odell, Dr. Scott Woodward Jan 2014

Ancient Egyptian Textiles: A Genetic Look Into 2000-Year-Old Egyptian Communities, Shaun Odell, Dr. Scott Woodward

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In the mid 1980’s archeologists from BYU began excavating a 2000-year-old burial site in Northern Egypt called the Fag-el-Gamous cemetery. This cemetery contains the remains of roughly 350,000 individuals who had been buried there between 200 BC and 400 AD during the Greco-Roman period of Egyptian history. The chemical composition of the desert, as well as the hot, dry climate, naturally mummified not only the individuals of focus, but also numerous textile samples found on the mummies. Excavation of this sight has proceeded from that time, providing unique opportunities for study of ancient Egyptian culture.

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Preventing Salmonella And Other Bacterial Contamination In Poultry Using A High-Adhering Strain Of Escherichia Coli, Jeffrey P. North, Dr. Ron Leavitt Jan 2014

Preventing Salmonella And Other Bacterial Contamination In Poultry Using A High-Adhering Strain Of Escherichia Coli, Jeffrey P. North, Dr. Ron Leavitt

Journal of Undergraduate Research

In 1928 Alexander Fleming revolutionized the world with the discovery of penicillin. Penicillin and the antibiotics discovered thereafter revolutionized the treatment of infectious diseases. Equipped with these miracle drugs, scientists thought the battle against pathogenic bacteria was won. However, bacteria began to evolve to meet the antibiotic challenge. As the 20th century progressed, more and more bacteria developed resistance to one or more antibiotics. This resistance is achieved through mutation or through horizontal gene transfer, when one bacterium transfers the gene to another bacterium.

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Follicular Dentritic Cells And Retention Of Hiv Quasi-Species, Candace Mcnaughton, Dr. Gregory Burton Jan 2014

Follicular Dentritic Cells And Retention Of Hiv Quasi-Species, Candace Mcnaughton, Dr. Gregory Burton

Journal of Undergraduate Research

HIV infects millions of people worldwide; in the year 2000 alone, more than 3 million people died from AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) as a result of HIV infection1. In countries, such as the United States, where effective treatment is affordable, highly active antiretroiviral therapy (HAART) can reduce viral blood loads to currently undetectable levels2. Unfortunately, the side effects of HAART can be severe, resulting in noncompliance, and upon its termination, HIV levels rapidly rebound. Several viral reservoirs within the body have been identified, including the follicular dendritic cell (FDC) network3. FDCs trap HIV antibody complexes for long periods of time …

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Epigallocatechin Gallate, A Green Tea Polyphenol, Causes Direct Dna Damage At Physiological Concentrations, Jeremy Mcbride, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill Jan 2014

Epigallocatechin Gallate, A Green Tea Polyphenol, Causes Direct Dna Damage At Physiological Concentrations, Jeremy Mcbride, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a polyphenol found in green tea. Because tea is ingested by over two thirds of the world’s population, considerable research has been done to identify and characterize the active components of the second most widely consumed beverage (1). Among the many chemopreventative properties that have been attributed to green tea, and EGCG, this botanical product has been established as an antimutagen and a potent free-radical scavenger that has been shown to effectively quench reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that may otherwise damage DNA and other sensitive biomolecules. Such damage, accumulated over time, may lead to mutagenesis …

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The Effects Of Concurrent Treatment Of Caffeine And Various Apoptotic-Inducing Drugs In The Molt-4 Cell Line, Janet L. Hart, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill Jan 2014

The Effects Of Concurrent Treatment Of Caffeine And Various Apoptotic-Inducing Drugs In The Molt-4 Cell Line, Janet L. Hart, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Apoptosis is the method by which cells undergo programmed cell death or “cell suicide.” The cell initiates apoptosis after there is irreparable damage or if the cell is simply not needed. Some insults that are known to induce apoptosis are irradiation, heat shock, as well as many chemotherapeutic drugs including staurosporine, paclitaxel, and dexamethasone. The precise regulation of apoptosis is critical, as disregulation can lead to many diseases or conditions including autoimmune disorders or cancer.

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Bench Top Bioremediation Of Trichloroethylene, Colin Jones, Dr. Alan Harker Jan 2014

Bench Top Bioremediation Of Trichloroethylene, Colin Jones, Dr. Alan Harker

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The initial aim of the project was to compare degradation rates of trichloroethylene (TCE) using two different bacterial strains. After four months of research, my greatest find concerns how to build an effective reactor. After the reactor was constructed, time allowed only focusing on the genetically engineered bacterium and not on the wild type. Perhaps a better title for my final report to ORCA would be “Bench Top Bio-reactors, How Not to Build One.”

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Antigenotoxic Effects Of Diallyl Disulfide And Allyl Disulfide On Benzo (A) Pyrene Induced Dna Damage In Hepg2 Cells As Measured By The Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis Assay, Corey W. Speers, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill Jan 2014

Antigenotoxic Effects Of Diallyl Disulfide And Allyl Disulfide On Benzo (A) Pyrene Induced Dna Damage In Hepg2 Cells As Measured By The Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis Assay, Corey W. Speers, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

One of the most effective strategies in cancer control is chemoprevention. Previous studies have shown naturally occurring organosulfur compounds from garlic and onion to be effective against carcinogenesis. The effects of two of these organosulfur compounds, diallyl sulfide (DAS) and diallyl disulfide (DADS), are thought to be of especial worth. Their anti-carcinogenic effects in the human cell line HepG2 are, however, less understood. HepG2 cells are human hepatoblastoma cells that have maintained their xenobiotic metabolizing competence. Because they are similar in function to cells obtained from human liver tissue, they are ideal for research in vitro. Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is an …

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Investigation Into The Anti-Angiogenic Activities Of Convolvulus Arvensis Extract, Jeremy F. Mcbride, Rachelle R. Olsen, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill Jan 2014

Investigation Into The Anti-Angiogenic Activities Of Convolvulus Arvensis Extract, Jeremy F. Mcbride, Rachelle R. Olsen, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Angiogenesis, the development and differentiation of new blood vessels from the pre-existing vasculature, is a fundamental physiological process involved in growth, development, and wound healing. Loss of control over the biological molecules which regulate this process can lead to pathologic angiogenesis, or neoangiogenesis, a process associated with such diseases as retinopathies, psoriasis, arthritis, and most importantly, cancer.

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Determination Of The Proteins That Bind To The Fg Enhancer Region Of The Col11a2 Gene, Eric Freeman, Dr. Laura Bridgewater Jan 2014

Determination Of The Proteins That Bind To The Fg Enhancer Region Of The Col11a2 Gene, Eric Freeman, Dr. Laura Bridgewater

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Collagen is the most abundant protein found in the human body and is responsible for the development of bone and cartilage. The Col11a2 gene is one of the many genes that participate in the formation of collagen. Mutations in this gene can cause a variety of cartilage diseases and disorders such as cleft palate, hearing loss, osteoarthritis, and perhaps even prenatal lethal chondrodysplasia. Arthritis alone is “the leading cause of work-related disability and the leading cause of disability in persons >65 years in the United States”.i The deadly effects of these mutations warrant a more in-depth study of the …

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Analysis Of Unique Genome Segments Of Burkholderia Mallei Obtained From Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism, Benjamin Nelson Kartchner, Dr. Richard A. Robison Jan 2014

Analysis Of Unique Genome Segments Of Burkholderia Mallei Obtained From Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism, Benjamin Nelson Kartchner, Dr. Richard A. Robison

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Burkholderia mallei the etiological agent of the disease glanders, has the capability to cause disease in both animals and humans. Infection is usually caused through inhalation of organisms present in aerosols which results in serious pulmonary and systemic conditions that results in 40% mortality even with vigorous antimicrobial intervention and rises above 90% without such therapy(2). In addition, because of their dangerous nature both organisms have emerged as possible agents which may be used in the production of biological weapons. Recent research conducted in Dr. Richard Robison’s lab has analyzed genomic relatedness in various strains of B. mallei and the …

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Concomitant Treatment Of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs And Chemotherapeutics On Human Acute T Lymphocytes., Janet L. Hart, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill Jan 2014

Concomitant Treatment Of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs And Chemotherapeutics On Human Acute T Lymphocytes., Janet L. Hart, Dr. Kim L. O'Neill

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as sulindac and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) are frequently used to relieve pain, clotting, fever and inflammation. Recently, NSAIDs have been shown to decrease the occurrence of colorectal cancer and inhibit mammary cancer in rats. To elucidate this mechanism, further research has been done to show an inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by NSAIDs in lung and prostate carcinomas. Many current chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin and methotrexate (DOX and MTX respectively) rely on the Fas/FasL (CD95) pathway to induce cell death. Because MMPs are able to cleave membrane-bound Fas, these chemotherapeutics are less-effective.

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Fdcs In Hiv Infected Patients Retain Archival Hiv Sequences, Jesse Rowley, Dr. Gregory Burton Jan 2014

Fdcs In Hiv Infected Patients Retain Archival Hiv Sequences, Jesse Rowley, Dr. Gregory Burton

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), the causative agent of AIDS, has eluded successful treatment since its discovery in the early 1980s. The prospect of successful treatment came with the advent of Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy (HAART) which has reduced plasma virus replication to undetectable levels in many patients. Although virus may be maintained below detectable levels for years by treatment, complete viral clearance has not been achieved. “Hidden” reservoirs of non-replicating or slowly replicating virus escape rigorous drug treatment. When the patient is taken off of anti-retroviral therapy, plasma virus levels will return to pre-therapy levels and HIV will continue the …

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Locating The High Adherence Genes On Pha-28, Jonathan Walter Dukes, Dr. Ronald Leavitt Jan 2014

Locating The High Adherence Genes On Pha-28, Jonathan Walter Dukes, Dr. Ronald Leavitt

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Bacterial high adherence is an important of research because of its effect on bacterial pathogenesis and intestinal colonization. In the laboratory of Dr. Ronald Leavitt, we have been studying the ability of certain bacteria to prevent the colonization of intestinal epithelial cells by other bacteria. Of particular interest to us are non-pathogenic Escherichia coli strains that have the ability to out compete and overrun colonies of Salmonella, as well as the colonies of the pathogenic E. coli strains that cause the turkey disease colibacillosis. Such E. coli have the potential to be used as an interfering agent against Salmonella and …

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