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Enzyme-Based Dna Electrochemical Biosensors: Recent Trends, Chun-Shui Lin, Yi-Ru Wang, Xi Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

DNA electrochemical sensors have greatly promoted the development of biosensors for their high sensitivity, good selectivity, short analysis time and low cost. To further improve the detection sensitivity and selectivity, protein enzymes, functional nucleic acid enzymes etc. are often used due to the advantages of high catalytic efficiency and specificity. This review demonstrates the research progress of electrochemical sensors based on enzymatic amplification and analyses some existing problems of electrochemical sensors.

Resolve Mono-Electronic Process In The Voltammetric Behaviors Of Multi-Redox Bis-Coenzyme Q0, Hao Zhou, Yi-Tao Long

Journal of Electrochemistry

A widely held concept in electrochemistry is that truly elementary electron-transfer reactions always involve the exchange of one electron, therefore, an overall process involving a change of n electrons must involve n distinct electron-transfer steps. It is highly desirable to resolve multiple-step electron transfer reactions into each electron transfer step. The electrochemical behaviors of coenzyme Q₀ and methylene-bridged Bis-coenzyme Q₀ were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry in nonaqueous dichloromethane containing 0.15 mol·L^-1 Bu₄NClO₄ as the supporting electrolyte. The redox reaction of coenzyme Q₀ is well described as two chemically reversible …

Winter Activity Of Bats In Southeastern Nebraska: An Acoustic Study, Jeremy A. White, Brett R. Andersen, Hans W. Otto, Cliff A. Lemen, Patricia W. Freeman

Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies

Many North American bats are active outside hibernacula in winter, but no information on winter activity has been reported for Nebraska. We recorded activity of bats during two winters (December-February 2012-2013 and 2013-2014) at one location in southeastern Nebraska with an acoustic detector. Bats were active throughout both winters and temperature at sunset was a good predictor of bat activity. Red bats (Lasiurus borealis) were active at our site in early December but were not recorded later in winter. We suspect these individuals were late migrants to more southern wintering sites. Big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) …

Bone Transport Of Tibia By Performing Z-Osteotomy Using Convenvtional External Fixator, Omer Ali Rafiq Barawi

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: This is a descriptive study to evaluate the outcome of forty patients with bone loss in tibia using conventional (mostly monoaxial) external fixation device, based on principles of distractive osteogenesis. OBJECTIVE: To prove the effectiveness of conventional external fixation device in distraction osteogenesis in tibia successfully and simply. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty patients with bone loss of 4 to 10.5 centimeters in tibia between March 2003 and March 2011 were treated, ages (15-65years), 6:34 female to male ratio .In 30 patients site of bone loss was in the lower third of tibia while in 4 patients was in …

The Clinical Significance Of Interleukin-15 And Interleukin -17 In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis, Noora Z Muhammed, Hassan J Hasony, Mubder A Mohamed Saeed

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, deforming arthritis that can lead to disabilities and poor quality of life. Cytokines produced by inflammatory cells play a pivotal role in synovial inflammation and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis; they are the final mediators and/or regulators of inflammatory process. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to assess serum IL-15 and IL-17 levels in a sample of patients with RA and to evaluate the correlation between their levels and various clinical, laboratory parameters of RA disease activity and severity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A case – control study was carried out from January 2013 …

The Role Of Parity On Some Macroscopical And Microscopical Variables In Placentas Of Normal And Preeclamptic Women, Lina A. Hussain, Malak A. Al-Yawer, Huda M. Al-Khateeb

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The placenta is a dynamic organ, throughout gestation, it continuously undergoes different changes in structure and function to support the prenatal life. The anomalies of the placenta are usually associated with pregnancy complicated diseases which could lead to fetal complications. Hence, a careful examination of placenta in-utero as well as post-partum provides much insight into the prenatal health of the baby and the mother and can give information which could be useful in the management of complications in mother and the newborn, especially in a community like ours, where antenatal mothers still come unbooked to the labour room. …

Survey Of Human Papilloma Virus 18 In Breast Epithelium Of Iraqi Women Using In Situ Hybridization Technique, Mahmoud Mishaal Mohamed, Huda Mahdi Al-Khateeb, Nawfal K. Yas

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: There is an increasing evidence suggesting that high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) was involved in cancers other than cervical cancer. A number of reports have identified HPV DNA in breast tissue and breast cancer specimens, suggesting that the virus could play a role in the pathogenesis of this tumor. Therefore, OBJECTIVE: was directed towards the use of In situ molecular methods to localize the virus in mammary gland tissue. In addition, this study investigated the prevalence of high-risk HPV18 infections in Iraqi women with and without ductal carcinoma of the breast. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty night cases of …

Metastatic Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor Of The Pancreas: A Case Report

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To report a case of Metastatic Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor of the pancreas (SPTP), in young age female patient after one year of distal Pancreatectomy, discovered during regular follow up, with review of literature

5 Um Professors Who Made News In 2014, Michael Newsom

University of Mississippi News

No abstract provided.

The Combined Effects Of Tai Chi, Resistance Training, And Diet On Physical Function And Body Composition In Obese Older Women, S. A. Maris, D. Quintanilla, A. Taetzsch, A. Picard, J. Letendre, L. Mahler, Ingrid E. Lofgren, Furong Xu, M. J. Delmonico

Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Obesity is a major health problem in the USA, especially in minority populations over the age of 60 years, and the aging process can cause adverse effects on physical function. Previous research has shown that Tai Chi, resistance training (RT), and diet result in overall health improvements.However, the combination of these specific interventions has yet to be translated to obese olderwomen in an urban setting.The purpose of this studywas to examine a combined intervention on the primary outcomes of physical function and body composition. Using a nonrandomized design, 26 obese women (65.2 ± 8.1 years) completed a 12-week intervention; participants …

12/27/2014 Obituary Records, Hawaii Obituaries

Obituaries

List of Obituaries for individuals who passed away on 12/27/2014. Scroll down to see the names and obituary description.

Genomic Diversification In Strains Of Rickettsia Felis Isolated From Different Arthropods, Joseph J. Gillespie, Timothy P. Drisco, Victoria I. Verhoeve, Tadanobu Utsuki, Claudia Husseneder, Vladimir N. Chouljenko, Abdu F. Azad, Kevin R. Macaluso

Faculty Publications

Rickettsia felis (Alphaproteobacteria: Rickettsiales) is the causative agent of an emerging flea-borne rickettsiosis with worldwide occurrence. Originally described from the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis, recent reports have identified R. felis from other flea species, as well as other insects and ticks. This diverse host range for R. felis may indicate an underlying genetic variability associated with host-specific strains. Accordingly, to determine a potential genetic basis for host specialization, we sequenced the genome of R. felis str. LSU-Lb, which is an obligate mutualist of the parthenogenic booklouse Liposcelis bostrychophila (Insecta: Psocoptera). We also sequenced the genome of R. felis str. LSU, …

Prospective Associations Of Coronary Heart Disease Loci In African Americans Using The Metabochip: The Page Study, Nora Franceschini, Yijuan Hu, Alex P. Reiner, Steven Buyske, Mike Nalls, Lisa W. Martin, +25 Additional Authors

Medicine Faculty Publications

Background

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in African Americans. However, there is a paucity of studies assessing genetic determinants of CHD in African Americans. We examined the association of published variants in CHD loci with incident CHD, attempted to fine map these loci, and characterize novel variants influencing CHD risk in African Americans.

Methods and Results

Up to 8,201 African Americans (including 546 first CHD events) were genotyped using the MetaboChip array in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study and Women's Health Initiative (WHI). We tested associations using Cox proportional hazard models …

Using Plant Volatile Traps To Develop Phenology Models For Natural Enemies: An Example Using Chrysopa Nigricornis (Burmeister) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Vincent P. Jones, David R. Horton, Nicholas J. Mills, Thomas R. Unruh, Eugene R. Milickzy, Peter W. Shearer, Kaushalya G. Amarasekare, Callie C. Baker, Tawnee D. Melton

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

A model predicting phenology of adult Chrysopa nigricornis (Burmeister) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) in orchards was developed from field (trapping) data supplemented with development data collected under laboratory conditions. Lower and upper thresholds of 10.1°C and 29.9°C, respectively, were estimated from published and unpublished laboratory observations, and were used to develop a phenology model. Season-long field data were collected using white delta traps that had been baited with squalene, a volatile shown previously to be highly attractive to C. nigricornis. The model was developed from data collected in three Washington apple orchards, and was validated using independent data sets collected from apple, …

High Rates Of Hiv Seroconversion In Pregnant Women And Low Reported Levels Of Hiv Testing Among Male Partners In Southern Mozambique: Results From A Mixed Methods Study, Caroline De Schacht, Heather J. Hoffman, Nedio Mabunda, Carlota Lucas, Catharina L. Alons, Ana Madonela, Adolfo Vubil, Orlando C. Ferreira, Nurbai Calu, Iolanda S. Santos, Ilesh V. Jani, Laura Guay

Genomics and Precision Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction

Prevention of acute HIV infections in pregnancy is required to achieve elimination of pediatric HIV. Identification and support for HIV negative pregnant women and their partners, particularly serodiscordant couples, are critical. A mixed method study done in Southern Mozambique estimated HIV incidence during pregnancy, associated risk factors and factors influencing partner's HIV testing.

Methods

Between April 2008 and November 2011, a prospective cohort of 1230 HIV negative pregnant women was followed during pregnancy. A structured questionnaire, HIV testing, and collection of dried blood spots were done at 2–3 scheduled visits. HIV incidence rates were calculated by repeat HIV testing …

Exploring Individual Differences In Workload Assessment, Danielle K. Boeke

Theses and Dissertations

Air Force missions continue to increase in complexity often imposing higher levels of task load from cognitive tasks on the operators. This increased task load manifests itself in increased cognitive workload and potentially derogated performance. While cognitive workload has been studied for decades, recent advances in objective workload models and physiology monitoring have the potential to provide a more robust understanding of workload, potentially allowing systems to adaptively employ automation to maintain operator peak performance. The current research sought to provide insight into the relationship between subjective workload, task performance, objective workload, and select physiology measures. Analysis of an existing …

Improving Non-Linear Approaches To Anomaly Detection, Class Separation, And Visualization, Todd J. Paciencia

Theses and Dissertations

Linear approaches for multivariate data analysis are popular due to their lower complexity, reduced computational time, and easier interpretation. In many cases, linear approaches produce adequate results; however, non-linear methods may generate more robust transformations, features, and decision boundaries. Of course, these nonlinear methods present their own unique challenges that often inhibit their use. In this research, improvements to existing non-linear techniques are investigated for the purposes of providing better, timely class separation and improved anomaly detection on various multivariate datasets, culminating in application to anomaly detection in hyperspectral imagery. Primarily, kernel-based methods are investigated, with some consideration towards other …

Photoelectron Spectroscopic And Computational Study Of Hydrated Pyrimidine Anions, John T. Kelly, Shoujun Xu, Jacob Graham, J. Michael Nilles, Dunja Radisic, Angela M. Buonaugurio, Kit H. Bowen, Nathan I. Hammer, Gregory S. Tschumper

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

The stabilization of the pyrimidine anion by the addition of water molecules is studied experimentally using photoelectron spectroscopy of mass-selected hydrated pyrimidine clusters and computationally using quantum-mechanical electronic structure theory. Although the pyrimidine molecular anion is not observed experimentally, the addition of a single water molecule is sufficient to impart a positive electron affinity. The sequential hydration data have been used to extrapolate to -0.22 eV for the electron affinity of neutral pyrimidine, which agrees very well with previous observations. These results for pyrimidine are consistent with previous studies of the hydrated cluster anions of uridine, cytidine, thymine, adenine, uracil, …

Light Dulls And Darkens Bird Eggs, Johanna Y. Navarro, David C. Lahti

Publications and Research

Although egg color is generally consistent within individual birds and robust to environmental variation, recent evidence suggests a degree of susceptibility to environmental perturbation or modulation of egg color. Most of this variation manifests via the physiology of the laying female, but some direct impacts of the environment on laid eggs have also been discovered. Here we test whether light changes bird egg color and we quantify its effect, by subjecting variable blue-green eggs of Rüppell's weaver (Ploceus galbula) to a broad-spectrum light source under laboratory conditions, and measuring egg reflectance every few hours. Eggshells gradually decreased in reflectance across …

Real-Time Kinetic Studies Of Bacillus Subtilis Oxalate Decarboxylase And Ceriporiopsis Subvermispora Oxalate Oxidase Using Luminescent Oxygen Sensor, Laura Molina, Thomas Goodall, Umar Twahir, Ellen W. Moomaw

Faculty Articles

Oxalate decarboxylase (OxDC), an enzyme of the bicupin superfamily, catalyzes the decomposition of oxalate into carbon dioxide and formate at an optimal pH of 4.3 in the presence of oxygen. However, about 0.2% of all reactions occur through an oxidase mechanism that consumes oxygen while producing two equivalents of carbon dioxide and one equivalent of hydrogen peroxide. The kinetics of oxidase activity were studied by measuring the consumption of dissolved oxygen over time using a luminescent oxygen sensor. We describe the implementation of and improvements to the oxygen consumption assay. The oxidase activity of wild type OxDC was compared to …

Isolation Of Pandangolide 1 From Cladosporium Oxysporum, An Endophyte Of The Terrestrial Plant Alyxia Reinwardtii, Dwi Hartanti, Diah Intan Purwanti, Herdayanto Sulistyo Putro, Mostafa Ezzat Rateb, Suwidji Wongso, Noor Erma Sugijanto, Rainer Ebel, Gunawan Indrayanto

Makara Journal of Science

that the 2011 IOD was a weak and short-lived event. It developed in July, peaked in September, decayed in October and

Intergenus Protoplast Fusion Between Pichia Manshurica And Rhodosporidium Paludigenum To Increase The Production Of Inulinase, Wijanarka Wijanarka, Endang Sutariningsih Soetarto, Kumala Dewi, Ari Indrianto

Makara Journal of Science

The purposes of this study was to identify the optimum concentration of the lytic enzyme Glucanex for protoplast isolation and to conduct fusion for the purpose of increasing inulinase production. The study performs the protoplast fusion technique using Pichia manshurica and Rhodosporidium paludigenum. Protoplast fusion consists of a series of stages: protoplast isolation, protoplast fusion, protoplast regeneration, and analysis of hybrid fusion results. Protoplast isolation and fusion success rate are determined by various factors, including age of the culture, media type, and type of lytic enzymes used. Hybrid results were analyzed using a fungicide as a marker and measuring specific …

Induction Of Callose Deposition In Tobacco (Nicotiana Tabacum) By Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Tabaci And Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Glycinea, Pipit Marianingsih, Andi Salamah, Yuki Ichinose

Makara Journal of Science

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of outer-membrane gram-negative bacteria, and it can act as a Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern (PAMP) for perception of pathogens by plants. LPS can be recognized by plants, triggering certain plant defense-related responses, including callose deposition. This study investigated induction of callose deposition by bacterial LPS in tobacco. Tobacco leaves were infiltrated with 400 µg/mL and 800 µg/mL LPS extracted from Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci (Pta) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea (Pgl) and incubated for 24 h or 48 h. To detect callose deposition, tobacco leaves were cleared in lactophenol solution, stained with aniline blue, and …

Salt And Water Balance In The Land Crabs Of Christmas Island: A Review, Lm Turner

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Work conducted on the land crabs of Christmas Island has advanced our knowledge of the ecophysiology of ion and water balance not only in terrestrial crabs, but across the Crustacea. For instance, studies undertaken on endemic Christmas Island species, such as Discoplax celeste, which is unique in its evolutionary position and ecology as a freshwater/land crab, have allowed us to increase our understanding of the mechanisms that have underpinned the evolution of these animals from the sea to the terrestrial environment. Recent studies have focused on understanding the neuroendocrine control of osmoregulation in terrestrial crabs on Christmas Island, with crustacean …

Ryōan Temple Rock Garden By Murō Saisei, Michael Tangeman

Transference

Translated from the Japanese with commentary by Michael Stone Tangeman.

Transference Vol. 2, Fall 2014, Molly Lynde-Recchia

Transference

Transference is published by the Department of World Languages and Literatures at Western Michigan University. Dedicated to the celebration of poetry in translation, the journal publishes translations from Arabic, Chinese, French and Old French, German, classical Greek, Latin, and Japanese, into English verse. Transference contains translations as well as commentaries on the art and process of translating.

Predicted Changes In Climatic Niche And Climate Refugia Of Conservation Priority Salamander Species In The Northeastern United States, William B. Sutton, Kyle Barrett, Allison T. Moody, Cynthia S. Loftin, Phillip G. Demaynadier, Priya Nanjappa

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Faculty Research

Global climate change represents one of the most extensive and pervasive threats to wildlife populations. Amphibians, specifically salamanders, are particularly susceptible to the effects of changing climates due to their restrictive physiological requirements and low vagility; however, little is known about which landscapes and species are vulnerable to climate change. Our study objectives included, (1) evaluating species-specific predictions (based on 2050 climate projections) and vulnerabilities to climate change and (2) using collective species responses to identify areas of climate refugia for conservation priority salamanders in the northeastern United States. All evaluated salamander species were projected to lose a portion of …

Improvement Of Ifng Elispot Performance Following Overnight Resting Of Frozen Pbmc Samples Confirmed Through Rigorous Statistical Analysis, Radleigh Santos, Alcinette Bunying, Nazila Sabri, John Yu, Anthony Gringeri, James Bender, Sylvia Janetzki, Clemencia Pinilla, Valeria A. Judkowski

Mathematics Faculty Articles

Immune monitoring of functional responses is a fundamental parameter to establish correlates of protection in clinical trials evaluating vaccines and therapies to boost antigen-specific responses. The IFNg ELISPOT assay is a well-standardized and validated method for the determination of functional IFNg-producing T-cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC); however, its performance greatly depends on the quality and integrity of the cryopreserved PBMC. Here, we investigate the effect of overnight (ON) resting of the PBMC on the detection of CD8-restricted peptide-specific responses by IFNg ELISPOT. The study used PBMC from healthy donors to evaluate the CD8 T-cell response to five pooled …

A Structured Reality, Jeremy Berke

Theses

Science has become an arbiter of truth in today's society. For example, think of how people say "It's a scientific fact" to imply that their position is infallible. As such, we should understand what science can tell about the universe. In this thesis I argue that science is telling us about the structure of reality, and that science only illuminates the relations among things, and not the things themselves.

Molecular Targets Of Antihypertensive Peptides: Understanding The Mechanisms Of Action Based On The Pathophysiology Of Hypertension, Kaustav Majumder, Jianping Wu

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

There is growing interest in using functional foods or nutraceuticals for the prevention and treatment of hypertension or high blood pressure. Although numerous preventive and therapeutic pharmacological interventions are available on the market, unfortunately, many patients still suffer from poorly controlled hypertension. Furthermore, most pharmacological drugs, such as inhibitors of angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE), are often associated with significant adverse effects. Many bioactive food compounds have been characterized over the past decades that may contribute to the management of hypertension; for example, bioactive peptides derived from various food proteins with antihypertensive properties have gained a great deal of attention. Some …