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2014

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Articles 22021 - 22050 of 23414

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Mediofrontal Event-Related Potentials In Response To Positive, Negative And Unsigned Prediction Errors., Thomas D. Sambrook, Jeremy Goslin Jan 2014

Mediofrontal Event-Related Potentials In Response To Positive, Negative And Unsigned Prediction Errors., Thomas D. Sambrook, Jeremy Goslin

School of Psychology

Reinforcement learning models make use of reward prediction errors (RPEs), the difference between an expected and obtained reward. There is evidence that the brain computes RPEs, but an outstanding question is whether positive RPEs ("better than expected") and negative RPEs ("worse than expected") are represented in a single integrated system. An electrophysiological component, feedback related negativity, has been claimed to encode an RPE but its relative sensitivity to the utility of positive and negative RPEs remains unclear. This study explored the question by varying the utility of positive and negative RPEs in a design that controlled for other closely related …

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Motivational Interventions May Have Greater Sustained Impact If They Trained Imagery-Based Self-Management, David J. Kavanagh, Jackie Andrade, Jon May, Jason P. Connor Jan 2014

Motivational Interventions May Have Greater Sustained Impact If They Trained Imagery-Based Self-Management, David J. Kavanagh, Jackie Andrade, Jon May, Jason P. Connor

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Community Resilience, Transitional Corridors And Macro-Scalar Lock-In Effects, Ga Wilson Jan 2014

Community Resilience, Transitional Corridors And Macro-Scalar Lock-In Effects, Ga Wilson

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

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The Green Economy: Functional Domains And Theoretical Directions Of Enquiry, Ian Bailey, Federico Caprotti Jan 2014

The Green Economy: Functional Domains And Theoretical Directions Of Enquiry, Ian Bailey, Federico Caprotti

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Planning-Related Motor Processes Underlie Mental Practice And Imitation Learning., Patric Bach, Bassem Khalaf Allami, Mike Tucker, Rob Ellis Jan 2014

Planning-Related Motor Processes Underlie Mental Practice And Imitation Learning., Patric Bach, Bassem Khalaf Allami, Mike Tucker, Rob Ellis

School of Psychology

It is still controversial whether mental practice-the internal rehearsal of movements to improve later performance-relies on processes engaged during physical motor performance and, if so, which processes these are. We report data from 5 experiments, in which participants mentally practiced complex rhythms with either feet or hands while using the same or different body parts to respond to unrelated sounds. We found that responses were impaired for those body parts that were concurrently used in mental practice, suggesting a binding of body-part-specific motor processes to action plans. This result was found when participants mentally trained to memorize the rhythms, to …

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Gaba-Mediated Changes In Inter-Hemispheric Beta Frequency Activity In Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease, S. D. Hall, E. J. Prokic, C. J. Mcallister, K. C. Ronnqvist, A. C. Williams, N. Yamawaki, C. Witton, G. L. Woodhall, I. M. Stanford Jan 2014

Gaba-Mediated Changes In Inter-Hemispheric Beta Frequency Activity In Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease, S. D. Hall, E. J. Prokic, C. J. Mcallister, K. C. Ronnqvist, A. C. Williams, N. Yamawaki, C. Witton, G. L. Woodhall, I. M. Stanford

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Short Form Of The Orientations To Happiness Questionnaire For The German-Speaking Countries: Development And Analysis Of The Psychometric Properties, Willibald Ruch, María Luisa Martínez-Martí, Sonja Heintz, Symen A. Brouwers Jan 2014

Short Form Of The Orientations To Happiness Questionnaire For The German-Speaking Countries: Development And Analysis Of The Psychometric Properties, Willibald Ruch, María Luisa Martínez-Martí, Sonja Heintz, Symen A. Brouwers

School of Psychology

This paper addresses the development of a 9-item Short Form of the Orientations to Happiness (OTH) Questionnaire ( Peterson, Park, & Seligman, 2005 ) for German-speaking countries. This questionnaire measures three ways to happiness: life of pleasure, life of engagement, and life of meaning. In Experiment 1 (replication sample, N = 1,336), we replicated the three-factor structure found in the 18-item Parent Form. In Experiment 2 (validation sample, N = 222), we again replicated the three-factor structure, which showed a good fit to the data. The coefficients of congruence between the three factors in Experiments 1 and 2 were very …

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Introduction: The No-Man’S-Land Of Displacement, Ak Smith, S Barkhof Jan 2014

Introduction: The No-Man’S-Land Of Displacement, Ak Smith, S Barkhof

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Longitudinal Evaluation Of Quality Of Life In 288 Patients With Neurofibromatosis 2, Rosalie E. Ferner, Adam Shaw, D. Gareth Evans, Dympna Mcaleer, Dorothy Halliday, Allyson Parry, F. Lucy Raymond, Juliette Durie-Gair, C. Oliver Hanemann, Rachel Hornigold, Patrick Axon, John F. Golding Jan 2014

Longitudinal Evaluation Of Quality Of Life In 288 Patients With Neurofibromatosis 2, Rosalie E. Ferner, Adam Shaw, D. Gareth Evans, Dympna Mcaleer, Dorothy Halliday, Allyson Parry, F. Lucy Raymond, Juliette Durie-Gair, C. Oliver Hanemann, Rachel Hornigold, Patrick Axon, John F. Golding

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

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From Services To Civilian: The Geographies Of Veterans' Post-Military Lives, Agatha Herman, Richard Yarwood Jan 2014

From Services To Civilian: The Geographies Of Veterans' Post-Military Lives, Agatha Herman, Richard Yarwood

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Oculometric Variations During Mind Wandering, R Grandchamp, C Braboszcz, A Delorme Jan 2014

Oculometric Variations During Mind Wandering, R Grandchamp, C Braboszcz, A Delorme

School of Psychology

A significant body of literature supports the contention that pupil size varies depending on cognitive load, affective state, and level of drowsiness. Here we assessed whether oculometric measures such as gaze position, blink frequency and pupil size were correlated with the occurrence and time course of self-reported mind-wandering episodes. We recorded the pupil size of two subjects engaged in a monotonous breath counting task while keeping their eyes on a fixation cross. This task is conducive to producing mind-wandering episodes. Each subject performed ten 20-min sessions, for total duration of about 4 h. Subjects were instructed to report spontaneous mind-wandering …

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“A Human Bundle”: The Disaggregated Other At The Fin De Siècle, R Sweet Jan 2014

“A Human Bundle”: The Disaggregated Other At The Fin De Siècle, R Sweet

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

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Development Of Sampling Efficiency And Internal Noise In Motion Detection And Discrimination In School-Aged Children, Hk Falkenberg, Wa Simpson, Gn Dutton Jan 2014

Development Of Sampling Efficiency And Internal Noise In Motion Detection And Discrimination In School-Aged Children, Hk Falkenberg, Wa Simpson, Gn Dutton

School of Psychology

The aim of this study was to use an equivalent noise (EN) to investigate the development and maturation of motion perception, and how the underlying limitations of sampling efficiency and internal noise effect motion detection and direction discrimination in school-aged children (5-14 years) and adults. Contrast energy thresholds of a 2 c/deg sinusoidal grating drifting at 1.0 or 6.0 Hz were measured as a function of added dynamic noise in three tasks: detection of a drifting grating; detection of the sum of two oppositely drifting gratings and direction discrimination of oppositely drifting gratings. Compared to the ideal observer, in both …

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Evidence That Duplications Of 22q11.2 Protect Against Schizophrenia, E Rees, G Kirov, Mc O'Donovan, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Et Al Jan 2014

Evidence That Duplications Of 22q11.2 Protect Against Schizophrenia, E Rees, G Kirov, Mc O'Donovan, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, Et Al

School of Biomedical Sciences

A number of large, rare copy number variants (CNVs) are deleterious for neurodevelopmental disorders, but large, rare, protective CNVs have not been reported for such phenotypes. Here we show in a CNV analysis of 47 005 individuals, the largest CNV analysis of schizophrenia to date, that large duplications (1.5-3.0 Mb) at 22q11.2--the reciprocal of the well-known, risk-inducing deletion of this locus--are substantially less common in schizophrenia cases than in the general population (0.014% vs 0.085%, OR=0.17, P=0.00086). 22q11.2 duplications represent the first putative protective mutation for schizophrenia.

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Learning To Pronounce First Words In Three Languages: An Investigation Of Caregiver And Infant Behavior Using A Computational Model Of An Infant., Ian S. Howard, Piers Messum Jan 2014

Learning To Pronounce First Words In Three Languages: An Investigation Of Caregiver And Infant Behavior Using A Computational Model Of An Infant., Ian S. Howard, Piers Messum

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Words are made up of speech sounds. Almost all accounts of child speech development assume that children learn the pronunciation of first language (L1) speech sounds by imitation, most claiming that the child performs some kind of auditory matching to the elements of ambient speech. However, there is evidence to support an alternative account and we investigate the non-imitative child behavior and well-attested caregiver behavior that this account posits using Elija, a computational model of an infant. Through unsupervised active learning, Elija began by discovering motor patterns, which produced sounds. In separate interaction experiments, native speakers of English, French and …

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Unconventional Computation And Teaching: Proposal For Music, A Tone-Based Scripting Language For Accessibility, Computation And Education, Aj Kirke, Er Miranda Jan 2014

Unconventional Computation And Teaching: Proposal For Music, A Tone-Based Scripting Language For Accessibility, Computation And Education, Aj Kirke, Er Miranda

School of Art, Design and Architecture

No abstract provided.

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The International Market For Contracts: The Most Attractive Contract Laws, Gilles Cuniberti Jan 2014

The International Market For Contracts: The Most Attractive Contract Laws, Gilles Cuniberti

Northwestern Journal of International Law & Business

This Article aims to contribute to a better understanding of the international contracting process by unveiling the factors that influence international commercial actors when they choose the law that governs their transactions. Based on an empirical study of more than 4,400 international contracts by approximately 12,000 parties who participated in arbitrations under the aegis of the International Chamber of Commerce, this Article offers a method of measuring the international attractiveness of contract laws. It shows that parties’ preferences are homogenous and that the laws of five jurisdictions dominate the international market for contracts. Among them, two are chosen three times …

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Memory Denied: A Commentary On The Reports Of The Un Special Rapporteur In The Field Of Cultural Rights On Historical And Memorial Narratives In Divided Societies, Pok Yin S. Chow Jan 2014

Memory Denied: A Commentary On The Reports Of The Un Special Rapporteur In The Field Of Cultural Rights On Historical And Memorial Narratives In Divided Societies, Pok Yin S. Chow

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

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A Study Of The Language & Culture Challenges Facing Business & Legal Studies Faculty In The Ever-Expanding Global Classroom, Glen M. Vogel Jan 2014

A Study Of The Language & Culture Challenges Facing Business & Legal Studies Faculty In The Ever-Expanding Global Classroom, Glen M. Vogel

Journal of International Business and Law

No abstract provided.

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Assessing Effectiveness Of International Private Regulations In The Csr Arena, Martijn W. Scheltema Jan 2014

Assessing Effectiveness Of International Private Regulations In The Csr Arena, Martijn W. Scheltema

Richmond Journal of Global Law & Business

No abstract provided.

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Children And Marine Piracy, Shelly L. Whitman Jan 2014

Children And Marine Piracy, Shelly L. Whitman

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

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Should Domestic Courts Prosecute Genocide? Examining The Trial Of Efrain Rios Montt, Jillian Blake Jan 2014

Should Domestic Courts Prosecute Genocide? Examining The Trial Of Efrain Rios Montt, Jillian Blake

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

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Eat What You Kill: Or, A Strange And Gothic Tale Of Cannibalism By Consent, Charles J. Reid Jr. Jan 2014

Eat What You Kill: Or, A Strange And Gothic Tale Of Cannibalism By Consent, Charles J. Reid Jr.

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

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Shape Shifting: Local Landmarks Interfere With Navigation By, And Recognition Of, Global Shape., Matthew G. Buckley, Alastair D. Smith, Mark Haselgrove Jan 2014

Shape Shifting: Local Landmarks Interfere With Navigation By, And Recognition Of, Global Shape., Matthew G. Buckley, Alastair D. Smith, Mark Haselgrove

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Creative Music Neurotechnology With Symphony Of Minds Listening, E Miranda, D Lloyd, Z Josipovic, D Williams Jan 2014

Creative Music Neurotechnology With Symphony Of Minds Listening, E Miranda, D Lloyd, Z Josipovic, D Williams

School of Art, Design and Architecture

No abstract provided.

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Increasing And Generalizing Self-Efficacy: The Effects Of Adventure Recreation On The Academic Efficacy Of Early Adolescents, Mark A. Widmer, Mat D. Duerden, Stacy T. Taniguchi Jan 2014

Increasing And Generalizing Self-Efficacy: The Effects Of Adventure Recreation On The Academic Efficacy Of Early Adolescents, Mark A. Widmer, Mat D. Duerden, Stacy T. Taniguchi

Faculty Publications

This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of an adventure recreation program on adolescent participants’ outdoor recreation and academic self-efficacy. The study also explored the transferability of efficacy beliefs across non-related domains. The sample included 262 adolescents, 194 who served as participants in the program and 68 who served as comparisons. The average age for each group was 13.6 years. The intervention, a two-week, theory-based program, involved a variety of outdoor recreation activities. Pre-/post-instruments measured perceived levels of outdoor efficacy and academic efficacy, attitudes, and motivations. Results indicated participants experienced significantly more growth than comparisons on both outdoor and academic measures …

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A Critical Examination Of Couple Leisure And The Application Of The Core And Balance Model, Peter J. Ward, Keith W. Barney, Neil R. Lundberg, Ramon Zabriskie Jan 2014

A Critical Examination Of Couple Leisure And The Application Of The Core And Balance Model, Peter J. Ward, Keith W. Barney, Neil R. Lundberg, Ramon Zabriskie

Faculty Publications

This study further clarified the relationship between couple leisure involvement, couple leisure satisfaction, and marital satisfaction through examining the core and balance framework as it has been applied to the relationship between couple leisure and marital satisfaction. The sample consisted of 1,187 couples across the United States (N = 2,374). SEM analyses supported previous findings, indicating satisfaction with couple leisure involvement was far more important when predicting marital satisfaction than the amount of leisure involvement. Furthermore, while core marital leisure satisfaction was the driving force in the explanation of variance in marital satisfaction, findings suggested before that can happen there …

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A Silence That Wants To Be Heard: Suburban Korean American Students In Dialogue With Invisibility, Dawan Coombs, Hye-Young Park, Bob Fecho Jan 2014

A Silence That Wants To Be Heard: Suburban Korean American Students In Dialogue With Invisibility, Dawan Coombs, Hye-Young Park, Bob Fecho

Faculty Publications

Korean American students experience invisibility and silence as their culture and presence remain outwardly invisible in the mainstream culture of US high schools. This is further exacerbated by the silent response of the dominant population of the school towards these issues. Yet, to an extent, Korean American students find a sense of comfort within that invisibility; less visibility allows more silence and thus more privacy. This qualitative in-depth interview study focuses on developing understandings of Korean American students’ perceptions and negotiations of education in suburban American schools, specifically through the perceptions of two Korean American female students. When viewed through …

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Diocletian’S Victory Column: Megethos And The Rhetoric Of Spectacular Disruption, Jonathan Mark Balzotti, Richard Benjamin Crosby Jan 2014

Diocletian’S Victory Column: Megethos And The Rhetoric Of Spectacular Disruption, Jonathan Mark Balzotti, Richard Benjamin Crosby

Faculty Publications

This essay explores how the powerful system of cultural references in the architecture of Alexandria is disrupted by Roman visual rhetoric. Specifically, the essay closely analyzes Diocletian’s Victory Column, a monument to the third-century Roman ruler who put down an Alexandrian uprising. The authors argue that Rome employed a visual rhetoric of spectacular disruption as a means to insert itself into the city’s historical identity even after its siege created widespread disease and starvation. The essay builds on the substantial scholarship on public memory by describing a kind of rhetoric that poses a political, existential challenge to a reigning cultural …

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Trainees’ Perceived Knowledge Gain Unrelated To The Training Domain: The Joint Action Of Impression Management And Motives, Dan S. Chiaburu, Jason L. Huang, Holly M. Hutchins, Richard G. Gardner Jan 2014

Trainees’ Perceived Knowledge Gain Unrelated To The Training Domain: The Joint Action Of Impression Management And Motives, Dan S. Chiaburu, Jason L. Huang, Holly M. Hutchins, Richard G. Gardner

Faculty Publications

Trainees’ knowledge gains represent an important outcome in human resource development. In this research, we tested a model examining the joint influence of social desirability (impression management, self-deception) and motives (need for power, need for approval) on trainees’ self-reported knowledge gain. We conducted a study with respondents who reported information related to individual differences and took a training program and reported their knowledge gain in domains that were both related and unrelated to the training program. Trainee unrelated knowledge gain was a function of the joint influence of individual predispositions (to impression manage or engage in self-deception) and motives (need …

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