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2014

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Effect Of Temperature On The Phenology Of Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae); Simulation And Visualization Of The Potential Future Distribution Of C. Partellus In Africa Under Warmer Temperatures Through The Development Of Life-Table Parameters, N. Khadioli, Z. E.H. Tonnang, E. Muchugu, G. Ong'amo, T. Achia, I. Kipchirchir, J. Kroschel, B. Le Ru Dec 2014

Effect Of Temperature On The Phenology Of Chilo Partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae); Simulation And Visualization Of The Potential Future Distribution Of C. Partellus In Africa Under Warmer Temperatures Through The Development Of Life-Table Parameters, N. Khadioli, Z. E.H. Tonnang, E. Muchugu, G. Ong'amo, T. Achia, I. Kipchirchir, J. Kroschel, B. Le Ru

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Maize (Zea mays) is a major staple food in Africa. However, maize production is severely reduced by damage caused by feeding lepidopteran pests. In East and Southern Africa, Chilo partellus is one of the most damaging cereal stem borers mainly found in the warmer lowland areas. In this study, it was hypothesized that the future distribution and abundance of C. partellus may be affected greatly by the current global warming. The temperature-dependent population growth potential of C. partellus was studied on artificial diet under laboratory conditions at six constant temperatures (15, 18, 20, 25, 28, 30, 32 and 35 °C), …

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Alaska Justice Forum ; Vol. 31, No. 3-4 (Fall 2014/Winter 2015), Ryan Fortson, Jacob A. Carbaugh, Jeff D. May, Mara Kimmel Dec 2014

Alaska Justice Forum ; Vol. 31, No. 3-4 (Fall 2014/Winter 2015), Ryan Fortson, Jacob A. Carbaugh, Jeff D. May, Mara Kimmel

Vols 31-36 (2014-2019)

The Fall 2014/Winter 2015 issue of the Alaska Justice Forum is devoted primarily to issues related to tribal courts in Alaska, including how they function, measures of their effectiveness, restorative justice, and past and future issues regarding tribal court jurisdiction.

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Restorative Justice: Theory, Processes, And Application In Rural Alaska, Jeff D. May Dec 2014

Restorative Justice: Theory, Processes, And Application In Rural Alaska, Jeff D. May

Vols 31-36 (2014-2019)

An exploration of the principles behind using restorative justice as an alternate form of sentencing in criminal cases, with a focus particularly on how restorative justice might be of benefit in rural Alaska. Includes a bibliography. A sidebar, "Restorative Justice Programs and Sentencing", looks at amendments to Alaska Rules of Criminal Procedure 11(i) and Delinquency Rules 21(d)(3) and 23(f) which describe the requirements for referral to a restorative justice program as part of the sentencing process.

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Parasites And Skeletal Indicators Of Anemia In The Eastern United States, Erin Dinneen Dec 2014

Parasites And Skeletal Indicators Of Anemia In The Eastern United States, Erin Dinneen

Anthropology

The goal of this research is to examine the influence of parasitic infection and diet in the etiology of anemia in prehistoric human populations of the eastern United States. Prehistorically, anemia is often attributed to a nutrient-deficient diet, while parasite infection is discussed as a secondary cause if at all. However, parasite infection is a leading cause of anemia in the developing world today. Modern epidemiological studies have demonstrated that parasites thrive or perish under particular environmental conditions, and risk for parasite infection can be predicted based on environment using GIS. Here I apply this method to see whether environmental …

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Molar Size And Shape In The Estimation Of Biological Affinity: A Comparison Of Relative Cusp Locations Using Geometric Morphometrics And Interlandmark Distances, Michael W. Kenyhercz Dec 2014

Molar Size And Shape In The Estimation Of Biological Affinity: A Comparison Of Relative Cusp Locations Using Geometric Morphometrics And Interlandmark Distances, Michael W. Kenyhercz

Anthropology

The study of teeth has been a central tenet in biological anthropology since the inception of the field. Teeth have been previously shown to have a high genetic component. The high heritability of teeth has allowed researchers to use them to answer a myriad of anthropological questions ranging from human origins to modern variation due to microevolution. Traditionally, teeth have been studied either morphologically, through the assignment of nonmetric character states, or metrically, through mesiodistal and buccolingual crown measures. Increasingly, geometric morphometric techniques are being used to answer anthropological questions, especially dentally. However, regardless of analytical technique utilized, the biological …

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Toolstone Procurement In Middle-Late Holocene In The Kodiak Archipelago And The Alaska Peninsula, Devon Rains Dec 2014

Toolstone Procurement In Middle-Late Holocene In The Kodiak Archipelago And The Alaska Peninsula, Devon Rains

Anthropology

The Norton tradition (2300-950 BP) in the Alaska Peninsula and the Late Kachemak phase (2700-900 BP) in Kodiak are distinct cultural traditions yet contain some similarities in lithic assemblages and house form, suggesting some contact or influence occurred. The subsequent Koniag tradition (900-200 BP) is present in both the Alaska Peninsula and Kodiak, indicating direct influence or migration. While the Koniag tradition is found in sites located throughout the North Pacific region, the Koniag tradition in Kodiak is characterized by changes in social climate and subsistence strategies including greater warfare/raiding and resource consolidation. In order to obtain these resources, Koniag …

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Tribal Courts In Alaska, Uaa Justice Center Dec 2014

Tribal Courts In Alaska, Uaa Justice Center

Vols 31-36 (2014-2019)

This article introduces the Fall 2014/Winter 2014 issue of the Alaska Justice Forum, which focuses on topics related to tribal courts in Alaska.

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Deconstructing The Western Worldview: Toward The Repatriation And Indigenization Of Wellness, Jacqueline Marie Rahm Dec 2014

Deconstructing The Western Worldview: Toward The Repatriation And Indigenization Of Wellness, Jacqueline Marie Rahm

Indigenous Studies

As Indigenous peoples and scholars advance Native histories, cultures, and languages, there is a critical need to support these efforts by deconstructing the western worldview in a concerted effort to learn from indigenous knowledge and ways of knowing for humanity's future wellbeing. Toward that imperative, this research brings together and examines pieces of the western story as they intersect with Indigenous peoples of the lands that now comprise the United States of America. Through indigenous frameworks and methodologies, it explores a forgotten epistemology of the pre-Socratic and Pythagorean Archaic and Classical Greek eras that is far more similar to indigenous …

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Spectroscopic Study Of Sprites, Takeshi Kanmae, N/A 神前 丈 Dec 2014

Spectroscopic Study Of Sprites, Takeshi Kanmae, N/A 神前 丈

Physics

Optical emissions from sprites--large electric discharges in the mesosphere caused by intense lightning strokes--have been studied for decades. Studies have identified that sprite emissions are primarily composed of molecular band emissions of nitrogen and notably identified the near ultraviolet and blue emission from the N₂⁺ First Negative system, which provided direct evidence of ionization in sprites. This implies that further evidence of the ionization may be provided by the visible and near infrared emission from the N₂⁺ Meinel system, which is more accessible from ground-based platforms, though anticipated strong quenching in the mesosphere and below have made the presence of …

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Still Serving Soulful Sounds, Edwin B. Smith Dec 2014

Still Serving Soulful Sounds, Edwin B. Smith

University of Mississippi News

UM Gospel Choir recently celebrated 40th anniversary with a joyous reunion

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Penny For Your Thoughts? The Protective Effect Of Youths’ Attitudes Against Drug Use In High-Risk Communities, Emily M. Wright, Abigail A. Fagan, Gillian M. Pichevsky Dec 2014

Penny For Your Thoughts? The Protective Effect Of Youths’ Attitudes Against Drug Use In High-Risk Communities, Emily M. Wright, Abigail A. Fagan, Gillian M. Pichevsky

Criminology and Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Individual-level attitudes about drugs are strong predictors of substance use among adolescents, and aggregate-level community norms regarding deviancy and drug use may influence youth attitudes as well as their drug use. This study examined the direct effects of neighborhood norms about deviance, disadvantage, immigrant concentration, and residential stability on youths’ attitudes about drug harmfulness as well as their variety of past month substance use. The moderating effect of community norms on the relationship between youth attitudes and drug use was also examined. Results suggest that community norms favorable to deviance and drug use reduced youth’s attitudes that drugs were harmful. …

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Volume 52, Number 18: December 17, 2014, University Of North Dakota Dec 2014

Volume 52, Number 18: December 17, 2014, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

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Diversity, Abundance And Fate Of Ice Algae And Phytoplankton In The Bering Sea, Anna Szymanski Dec 2014

Diversity, Abundance And Fate Of Ice Algae And Phytoplankton In The Bering Sea, Anna Szymanski

Marine Biology

Sea ice algae are an essential part of Arctic and subarctic ecosystems. They significantly contribute to total algal primary production, serve as an early spring food source for both pelagic and benthic biota, and can seed the spring phytoplankton bloom during periods of ice melt. In the subarctic Bering Sea, virtually nothing has been known about the composition of the ice algal community, its magnitude, and its connection to pelagic and benthic ecosystems. This study, therefore, focused on the diversity, abundance, and ultimate fate of ice algae in the Bering Sea using sea ice, water and sub-ice sediment trap samples …

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Evidence Based Falls Management Program In The Nursing Home, Deloris Jacobs Dec 2014

Evidence Based Falls Management Program In The Nursing Home, Deloris Jacobs

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Capstones

The cost of fall injuries for both nursing homes and patients can be staggering. Facilities can incur large financial penalties following notices of severe deficiencies from regulatory agencies and will incur substantial legal fees in the event of a wrongful injury or death lawsuit. Patients injured in falls are at risk of increased financial costs for care in the nursing home as well as a lower quality of life. They are likely to incur co-pay or coinsurance costs for care by physicians and other professional services, and costs for rehabilitative services, out of pocket expenses, medical equipment, prescription drugs, and …

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Effects Of Permafrost Thaw On Nitrogen Availability And Plant Soil Interaction In A Boreal Alaska Lowland, Rebecca Anne Finger Dec 2014

Effects Of Permafrost Thaw On Nitrogen Availability And Plant Soil Interaction In A Boreal Alaska Lowland, Rebecca Anne Finger

Biological Sciences

Permafrost thaw in boreal peatlands causes an ecosystem state change as black spruce forests with permafrost transition into saturated, non-forested collapse scar bogs or fens. Previous studies have suggested that permafrost thaw can increase soil nitrogen (N) bioavailability. However, it is unclear whether these changes in N availability are directly related to changes in N pools or mineralization rates in surface soils (active layer dynamics), or whether increasing N can be attributed to N mobilization from thawing permafrost soil organic matter at depth. I examined plant species composition and aspects of N cycling along triplicate permafrost-thaw gradients in interior Alaskan …

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Research In Advanced Nuclear Development And Planning, Michael Kuca Dec 2014

Research In Advanced Nuclear Development And Planning, Michael Kuca

Engineering

This project began as an examination of small and mini nuclear power plants as an emergent energy technology capable of sustained base-load power generation in northern climates. Literature review immediately demonstrated Alaska should remain current on small and mini nuclear power plants because commercial vendors are promoting their products to state leaders as certain solutions. Is Alaska prepared to receive, operate, and decommission advanced nuclear technology as an alternative to traditional hydrocarbon power plants? The graduate committee encouraged me to facilitate discussions with Alaska Center for Energy and Power (ACEP) leadership in reference to their 2010 study on small modular …

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Fap206 Is A Microtubule-Docking Adapter For Ciliary Radial Spoke 2 And Dynein C, Krishna K. Vasudevan, Kangkang Song, Lea M. Alford, Winfield Sale, Erin E. Dymek, Elizabeth F. Smith, Todd Hennessey, Ewa Joachimiak, Paulina Urbanska, Dorota Wloga, William Dentler, Daniela Nicastro, Jacek Gaertig Dec 2014

Fap206 Is A Microtubule-Docking Adapter For Ciliary Radial Spoke 2 And Dynein C, Krishna K. Vasudevan, Kangkang Song, Lea M. Alford, Winfield Sale, Erin E. Dymek, Elizabeth F. Smith, Todd Hennessey, Ewa Joachimiak, Paulina Urbanska, Dorota Wloga, William Dentler, Daniela Nicastro, Jacek Gaertig

Dartmouth Scholarship

Radial spokes are conserved macromolecular complexes that are essential for ciliary motility. A triplet of three radial spokes, RS1, RS2, and RS3, repeats every 96 nm along the doublet microtubules. Each spoke has a distinct base that docks to the doublet and is linked to different inner dynein arms. Little is known about the assembly and functions of individual radial spokes. A knockout of the conserved ciliary protein FAP206 in the ciliate Tetrahymena resulted in slow cell motility. Cryo–electron tomography showed that in the absence of FAP206, the 96-nm repeats lacked RS2 and dynein c. Occasionally, RS2 assembled but lacked …

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Effects Of Snowmobile Noise And Activity On A Boreal Ecosystem In Southcentral Alaska, Timothy Carl Mullet Dec 2014

Effects Of Snowmobile Noise And Activity On A Boreal Ecosystem In Southcentral Alaska, Timothy Carl Mullet

Biological Sciences

Snowmobiling is a popular winter activity in northern regions of North America. Although snowmobiles are important utility vehicles and serve as a means of outdoor recreation, their activity is known to affect plants and animals. These effects have been a growing concern over the past 20 years as a result of increased snowmobile activity into once inaccessible natural areas. Minimizing the impacts of snowmobiles on biota, preserving the quality and character of wilderness areas, and providing adequate access to snowmobilers for traditional activities has been a challenge for public land managers in Alaska. To address the effects that snowmobiles have …

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Monitoring Energy And Nitrogen Availability For Arctic Caribou (Rangifer Tarandus), Lindsay L. Vansomeren Dec 2014

Monitoring Energy And Nitrogen Availability For Arctic Caribou (Rangifer Tarandus), Lindsay L. Vansomeren

Biological Sciences

Arctic caribou and reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) are an economically and ecologically important species. Rangifer populations are often affected by nutritional factors. Our ability to monitor nutrient supply to arctic ungulates is presently limited by a lack of techniques to consistently and easily measure availability of specific nutrients and which may disproportionately affect different segments of Rangifer populations. I refined and validated a method to measure availability of specific nutrients including nitrogen (N) and energy to caribou using purified fibrolytic enzymes and acid/pepsin to simulate digestion. I then used this method to measure how availability of nitrogen and energy was altered …

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Numerical Study Of An Exhaust Heat Recovery System Using Corrugated Tubes And Twisted Tape Inserts, Vamsi Krishna Mokkapati Dec 2014

Numerical Study Of An Exhaust Heat Recovery System Using Corrugated Tubes And Twisted Tape Inserts, Vamsi Krishna Mokkapati

Engineering

Diesel engine generators are the major power source for small communities in cold regions. Diesel generators waste about 1/3 of their fuel energy in the form of heat through exhaust gas. The primary goal of this work is to capture part of the heat from the exhaust and improve the efficiency of the system. A gas to liquid heat transfer performance of a concentric tube heat exchanger with corrugated tubes and twisted tape inserts is investigated by considering its effects on engine performance and economics. This type of heat exchanger is expected to be inexpensive to install and effective in …

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Experimental And Computational Studies Of Nanofluids, Ravikanth S. Vajjha Dec 2014

Experimental And Computational Studies Of Nanofluids, Ravikanth S. Vajjha

Engineering

The goals of this dissertation were (i) to experimentally investigate the fluid dynamic and heat transfer performance of nanofluids in a circular tube, (ii) to study the influence of temperature and particle volumetric concentration of nanofluids on thermophysical properties, heat transfer and pumping power, (iii) to measure the rheological properties of various nanofluids and (iv) to investigate using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) technique the performance of nanofluids in the flat tube of a radiator. Nanofluids are a new class of fluids prepared by dispersing nanoparticles with average sizes of less than 100 nm in traditional heat transfer fluids such …

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The Integrated Hydrologic And Societal Impacts Of A Warming Climate In Interior Alaska, Charles E. Jones Dec 2014

The Integrated Hydrologic And Societal Impacts Of A Warming Climate In Interior Alaska, Charles E. Jones

Engineering

In this dissertation, interdisciplinary research methods were used to examine how changes in hydrology associated with climate affect Alaskans. Partnerships were established with residents of Fairbanks and Tanana to develop scientific investigations relevant to rural Alaskans. In chapter 2, local knowledge was incorporated into scientific models to identify a socialecological threshold used to model potential driftwood harvest from the Yukon River. Anecdotal evidence and subsistence calendar records were combined with scientific data to model the harvest rates of driftwood. Modeling results estimate that between 1980 and 2010 hydrologic factors alone were responsible for a 29% decrease in the annual wood …

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Groundwater Dynamics In Degrading, Discontinuous Permafrost, Michelle L. Barnes Dec 2014

Groundwater Dynamics In Degrading, Discontinuous Permafrost, Michelle L. Barnes

Engineering

In regions impacted by permafrost, discontinuities are areas of possible connection between the supra- and sub-permafrost portions of an aquifer. Permafrost discontinuities influence the transport of contaminants in an aquifer, necessitating delineation of these discontinuities and their influence on groundwater flow. Means of identifying the locations of permafrost discontinuities have previously been limited to geophysical methods and the evaluation of well logs. In this study we use groundwater elevation trends and environmental tracers (e.g., stable isotopes and temperature) to evaluate the dynamics in a sulfolane-contaminated aquifer located in a region of discontinuous permafrost in the Interior of Alaska. Using tracers …

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Performance Of Shallow Anchor In Ice-Rich Silt, Chuang Lin, N/A 林闯 Dec 2014

Performance Of Shallow Anchor In Ice-Rich Silt, Chuang Lin, N/A 林闯

Engineering

Shallow anchor systems have been widely used for decades due to their time and cost efficiency. Yet when it comes to cold regions like Alaska, new challenges caused by the harsh environment need to be resolved before they are used extensively in cold regions. One challenge associated with anchor installation could be the potential thawing of warm permafrost due to the grout mortar hydration, which might undermine the capacity of the anchor. Another challenge is that due to low temperature the grout may cure slower or not cure at all, which will also result in a significant decrease in the …

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Beneficiation Of Rare Earth Minerals From Bokan Mountain: Dotson Ridge Ore, Purevbaatar Narantsetseg, Пүрэвбаатар Наранцэцэг Dec 2014

Beneficiation Of Rare Earth Minerals From Bokan Mountain: Dotson Ridge Ore, Purevbaatar Narantsetseg, Пүрэвбаатар Наранцэцэг

Engineering

The purpose of this research work was to study the beneficiation of rare earth ore of the Bokan Mountain -- Dotson Ridge deposit, located near Ketchikan, Alaska. Rare earth element (REE) composite ore samples from the Bokan Mountain -- Dotson Ridge deposit were tested using gravity concentration, magnetic separation, flotation, and leaching techniques to separate the REE. The composite ore sample was a product of a preliminary x-ray sorting process. Qualitative electron microprobe analysis of the ore showed that most of the REE minerals in the ore were silicate minerals. Since the electron microprobe analysis samples were coated with carbon …

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Changes In Extreme Hydroclimate Events In Interior Alaskan Boreal Forest Watersheds, Katrina Bennett Dec 2014

Changes In Extreme Hydroclimate Events In Interior Alaskan Boreal Forest Watersheds, Katrina Bennett

Engineering

The high latitude regions of the globe are responding to climate change at unprecedented magnitudes and rates. As the climate warms, extreme hydroclimate events are likely to change more than the mean events, and it is the extreme changes that present a risk to society, the economy and the environment of the north. The subarctic boreal forest is one of the largest ecosystems in the world and is greatly understudied with respect to hydroclimate extremes. Thus, defining a baseline for changing extremes is the first step towards planning and implementing adaptation measures to reduce risk and costs associated with the …

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Permafrost In A Warmer World: Net Ecosystem Carbon Imbalance, Benjamin W. Abbott Dec 2014

Permafrost In A Warmer World: Net Ecosystem Carbon Imbalance, Benjamin W. Abbott

Biological Sciences

Arctic tundra and boreal forest have accumulated a vast pool of organic carbon, twice as large as the atmospheric carbon pool and three times as large as the carbon contained by all living things. As the permafrost region warms, more of this carbon will be exposed to decomposition, combustion, and hydrologic export. This permafrost carbon feedback has been described as the largest terrestrial feedback to climate change as well as one of the most likely to occur; however, estimates of its strength vary by a factor of thirty. Models predict that some portion of this release will be offset by …

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Migrant Construction And Domestic Workers In The Arab Gulf States: Modern - Day Slaves?, Omaya Chidiac Dec 2014

Migrant Construction And Domestic Workers In The Arab Gulf States: Modern - Day Slaves?, Omaya Chidiac

LLM Theses

This thesis examines the conditions of migrant construction and domestic workers in the Arab Gulf. I explore literatures on migrant labour, precariousness, and slavery. I also look at international and domestic legal instruments as well as data produced by several human rights organizations. This thesis shows how the mechanisms involved in the migration of migrant construction and domestic workers exacerbate vulnerability and precariousness. I examine the ways in which social locations including gender and race play a role in discrimination against migrant construction and domestic workers in the Arab Gulf, thus assisting conditions of slavery to arise. My aim is …

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Cordova Floating Ferry Dock, Andrew T. Metzger Dec 2014

Cordova Floating Ferry Dock, Andrew T. Metzger

INE Project Reports

This study began the evaluation of the Cordova floating ferry dock using the ANSYS AQWA software. The AQWA software models the effects of waves, wind and current on floating structures. Floating bodies are modeled as a point-mass with inertial and hydrostatic characteristics. As part of the study, the critical wave characteristic was defined. During the modeling it was found that AQWA can only model rigid bodies and that the Cordova floats experience a wide range of wave periods and directions. Consequently, AQWA requires adaptation to fully model the ferry dock at Cordova.

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The Influence Of Higher Education On Promotional Outcomes In The New Jersey State Police, David D. Costantino Dec 2014

The Influence Of Higher Education On Promotional Outcomes In The New Jersey State Police, David D. Costantino

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

This study examined the strength of four predictor variables (i.e., level of education, seniority, gender and race) found in the archival data provided by the New Jersey State Police to predict the likelihood of promotional outcomes for five separate and distinct participant groups (i.e., Sergeant, Sergeant First Class, Lieutenant, Captain, and Major). Five separate participant group analyses were conducted using binary logistic regression modelling. The participant data examined in this study, which represents a total population sample, pertained to 3,515 enlisted members of the New Jersey State Police considered for promotion during one, or both, of the promotional events held …

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