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Estrogens Stimulate Serotonin Neurons To Inhibit Binge-Like Eating In Mice, Xuehong Cao, Pingwen Xu, Mario G. Oyola, Yan Xia, Xiaofeng Yan, Kenji Saito, Fang Zou, Chunmei Wang, Yongjie Yang, Antentor Hinton Jr., Chunling Yan, Hongfang Ding, Liangru Zhu, Likai Yu, Bin Yang, Benjamin Feng, Deborah J. Clegg, Sohaib Khan, Richard Dimarchi, Shaila K. Mani, Qingchun Tong, Yong Xu

Peer Reviewed Articles

Binge eating afflicts approximately 5% of US adults, though effective treatments are limited. Here, we showed that estrogen replacement substantially suppresses binge-like eating behavior in ovariectomized female mice. Estrogen-dependent inhibition of binge-like eating was blocked in female mice specifically lacking estrogen receptor-α (ERα) in serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the dorsal raphe nuclei (DRN). Administration of a recently developed glucagon-like peptide-1–estrogen (GLP-1–estrogen) conjugate designed to deliver estrogen to GLP1 receptor–enhanced regions effectively targeted bioactive estrogens to the DRN and substantially suppressed binge-like eating in ovariectomized female mice. Administration of GLP-1 alone reduced binge-like eating, but not to the same extent as …

Enzymatic Oxidation Of Cholesterol: Properties And Functional Effects Of Cholestenone In Cell Membranes, Maarit Neuvonen, Moutusi Manna, Sini Mokkila, Matti Javanainen, Tomasz Rog, Zheng Liu, Robert Bittman, Ilpo Vattulainen, Elina Ikonen

Publications and Research

Bacterial cholesterol oxidase is commonly used as an experimental tool to reduce cellular cholesterol content. That the treatment also generates the poorly degradable metabolite 4-cholesten-3-one (cholestenone) has received less attention. Here, we investigated the membrane partitioning of cholestenone using simulations and cell biological experiments and assessed the functional effects of cholestenone in human cells. Atomistic simulations predicted that cholestenone reduces membrane order, undergoes faster flip-flop and desorbs more readily from membranes than cholesterol. In primary human fibroblasts, cholestenone was released from membranes to physiological extracellular acceptors more avidly than cholesterol, but without acceptors it remained in cells over a day. …

The Prevention Of Inflammatory-Related Liver Damage By Tamoxifen In Rats Given Fish Oil, Renae Haycraft

Journal of Undergraduate Research at Minnesota State University, Mankato

The focus of this research was to decrease inflammatory-related liver damage from tamoxifen in rats by adding fish oil to the diet. Tamoxifen causes a significant increase in inflammation of the liver. Inflammation increases with the production of prostaglandins by a metabolic pathway involving arachidonic acid. The metabolism of tamoxifen by the enzyme cytochrome P450 leads to an increase in the production of prostaglandins. The increased inflammation is proportional to lipid accumulation and ultimately lipid peroxidation in the liver. Resulting damage in humans includes hepatic steatosis (fatty liver), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and cirrhosis. Fish oils rich in omega-3 fatty acids, …

Socio-Spatial Transformation And Contested Space At The Street Level In Latin America: The Case Of Cali, Colombia, Maria Janeth Mosquera Becerra

Dissertations and Theses

Since 2008, more than 50% of the world's population has lived in cities and it is projected that by 2050 around 87% will do so. Designing infrastructure in urban spaces has become increasingly critical for achieving human well-being. This dissertation examines socio-spatial transformation processes related to urbanization, economic development and the marginalization of utilitarian cycling in Cali, Colombia, as a particular expression of the struggle for transportation space occurring in urban areas. The research analyzes (a) the socio-spatial processes that have restricted the use of bicycles as a means of transportation in the city of Cali, Colombia; and (b) the …

My News

My News (2014-2020)

• Georgia Southern University Celebrates New $8.65 Million Communication Arts Building
• Georgia Southern Makes History with Inaugural Degree Program
• Engineering Programs Receive National Accreditation
• Paint the Town Blue
• School of Nursing Receives $2.2 Million in Grant Funding
• A Season of Firsts: Meet New Women's Golf Coach Emily Kuhfeld
• Auxiliary Services Opens New Grocer & Sandwich Shop
• HIV Conference to Bring New Strategies to Rural Health Care
• New Exhibit On Display

Research On Environment Management Legislation For The Bohai Sea, Ping Cheng

Maritime Safety & Environment Management Dissertations (Dalian)

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Impact Of End-Of-Life Nursing Education Consortium (Elnec) Education On Registered Nurses, Debra J. Behr

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

Seniors make up the fastest growing population in the United States. This population, with their multiple, chronic, progressive, ultimately terminal health conditions, is driving an urgent need to embed the knowledge and skills required to provide high-quality end-of-life (EOL) or palliative care within the education for nurses (Kelley & Meier, 2010). Although nurses routinely provide most of the care to patients at or near their EOL, studies report they feel unprepared for the challenge (Barrere, & Durkin, 2013). Regulatory and accrediting bodies have designated competencies for palliative care in the undergraduate nursing curriculum (Grant, 2013). Studies suggest that the EOL …

The Role Of Metallothionein And Zinc Signaling In Cd4+ T Cell Activation And Differentiation, James M. Rice

Doctoral Dissertations

Metallothioneins (MTs) are small-molecular weight, high cysteine content proteins that bind and release zinc ions in response to redox signaling and oxidative stress. Although the precise cellular functions of MTs remain elusive, their upregulation in CD4⁺ T cells following activation and during inflammation implicates their role in modulating immune responses. To understand the role of MT in CD4⁺ T cells, MT expression and [Zn²⁺] were characterized under different cytokine environments during primary and secondary activation. Increased MT expression correlates with a higher intracellular [Zn²⁺] following activation, suggesting a potential mechanism of increased MT expression …

Nurturing Mothers' Group Celebration An Opportunity To Learn About New Alabama Breast Milk Bank, Tyler Greer

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

The Daily Gamecock Weekender, Friday, August 22, 2014, University Of South Carolina, Office Of Student Media

August

No abstract provided.

Neuroinflammation And Neurologic Deficits In Diabetes Linked To Brain Accumulation Of Amylin, Sarah Srodulski, Savita Sharma, Adam B. Bachstetter, Jennifer M. Brelsfoard, Conrado Pascual, Xinmin Simon Xie, Kathryn E. Saatman, Linda J. Van Eldik, Florin Despa

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: We recently found that brain tissue from patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) and cognitive impairment contains deposits of amylin, an amyloidogenic hormone synthesized and co-secreted with insulin by pancreatic β-cells. Amylin deposition is promoted by chronic hypersecretion of amylin (hyperamylinemia), which is common in humans with obesity or pre-diabetic insulin resistance. Human amylin oligomerizes quickly when oversecreted, which is toxic, induces inflammation in pancreatic islets and contributes to the development of T2D. Here, we tested the hypothesis that accumulation of oligomerized amylin affects brain function.

METHODS: In contrast to amylin from humans, rodent amylin is neither amyloidogenic nor cytotoxic. …

Managing And Protecting Quality Turfgrass Areas: Assessing The Impact Of Leaf Compost Topdressing On Organically Managed Athletic Fields And Evaluating The Effects Of Portable Roadway Systems On Turfgrass Performance And Soil Physical Properties, Brian Tencza

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Reduction Of Obesity-Associated Oxidative Stress By Low-Fat Yogurt Consumption, Diana M. Dimarco

Master's Theses

Excess macronutrient intake leads to an increase in formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This causes an imbalance between ROS generation and the ability of the body to neutralize these radicals, a state known as oxidative stress. Previous research suggests the ability of dairy products to attenuate the postprandial response, which may reduce ROS formation. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the impact of low-fat yogurt consumption on fasting and postprandial oxidative stress in obese women.

We hypothesized that co-consumption of low-fat yogurt and a high-calorie, high-fat meal would reduce postprandial elevations in oxidative stress in obese women. To test …

An Insight To Psychological Health, Health Behaviors, And Bodyweight Among Correctional Employees, Christina Mignano

Master's Theses

Background: Correctional employees present a poor physical and mental health profile including high rates of overweight/obesity, poor health behaviors (diet, exercise, and sleep quality), high stress levels, and poor psychological health (e.g. high rates of depression, suicide, and divorce). Worse, correctional employees deny their stress and negative emotions as their occupational culture discourages expressing negative characteristics that would make one appear weak and deters seeking psychiatric help. Correctional employees are in need of effective health promotion efforts that address determinants of employee health with an all-inclusive view (mental/emotional/behavioral). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess if stress and/or …

Crime And Supermarket Locations: Implications For Food Access, Adam N. Rabinowitz

Doctoral Dissertations

Food access in the United States has become a major policy issue that has received increased attention due to concerns of equality, health, and economic development. Since the initial academic research began to call attention to this issue a variety of tools have been developed to help identify geographic areas that have limited access to food. Supermarkets have taken the main focus as they provide for opportunities for fresh foods, greater variety, and lower prices.

While the existing research has looked to describe factors that explain the characteristics of communities with reduced supermarket access, crime has often been ignored or …

Far From Fair, Farther From Efficient: The Ftc And The Hyper-Formalization Of Informal Rulemaking, Cooper J. Spinelli

Legislation and Policy Brief

Partially concerned with the proliferation of the “New Deal” agencies, Congress saw theAPAas a “compromise measure.” That is, Congress designed it to afford “uniformity and fairness in administrative procedures without at the same time unduly interfering with the efficient and economical operation of government.” Scholars and jurists from across the political spectrum have recognized that the notice-and-comment process allows for relative flexibility that can help “foster better government” by setting policy prospectively and expeditiously, thereby striking a reasonable balance between fairness and efficiency. In contrast to adjudicative measures, informal rulemaking can offer holistic treatment to market disorders—with considerable public input—without …

Thiosulfoxide (Sulfane) Sulfur: New Chemistry And New Regulatory Roles In Biology, John Toohey, Arthur J L Cooper

NYMC Faculty Publications

The understanding of sulfur bonding is undergoing change. Old theories on hypervalency of sulfur and the nature of the chalcogen-chalcogen bond are now questioned. At the same time, there is a rapidly expanding literature on the effects of sulfur in regulating biological systems. The two fields are inter-related because the new understanding of the thiosulfoxide bond helps to explain the newfound roles of sulfur in biology. This review examines the nature of thiosulfoxide (sulfane, S0) sulfur, the history of its regulatory role, its generation in biological systems, and its functions in cells. The functions include synthesis of cofactors (molybdenum cofactor, …

Demark-Wahnefried Named Chair-Elect For Obesity Society Section On Cancer, Alicia Rohan

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Scitech News- 68(3)-2014

Sci-Tech News

No abstract provided.

Three Essays In The Economics Of Food Marketing, Xun Li

Doctoral Dissertations

This dissertation consists of three empirical studies of food marketing, which directly and indirectly affects consumers’ purchase behavior, reshapes their eating habit, and alters social welfare. Chapter one investigates the advertising spillover effects using the carbonated soft drinks market as a case study. In this chapter, spillover effects are modeled using the conventional linear and constant elasticity of substitution (CES) advertising production functions. Empirical results confirm strong and positive brand advertising spillover effects across brands belonging to the same company as well as negative spillover effects from advertising by competitors. Empirical results also indicate that the CES advertising production function …

A Comparison Of General And Task-Specific Measures Of Self-Efficacy In Adult Hearing Aid Users, Brittney Dullard

Doctoral Dissertations

Self-efficacy is defined as “the belief in one’s capability to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations” and plays a major role in goal-setting (Bandura, 1997; 2004). Self-efficacy can be broken down into two types: (1) perceived general self-efficacy and (2) task-specific self-efficacy. General self-efficacy is an individual’s perception of his or her ability to perform across a variety of situations. Task-specific self-efficacy examines an individual’s perception of his or her ability to perform the actions specific to a situation. Self-efficacy is an important component of successful self-management of chronic illness, and has been shown …

School Of Nursing News, Georgia Southern University

Nursing: News & Publications (2013-2023)

• School of Nursing Receives $2.2M in Grant Funding

A Multiple Degree Of Freedom Lower Extremity Isometric Device To Simultaneously Quantify Hip, Knee, And Ankle Torques, Natalia Sánchez, Ana Maria Acosta, Arno H. A. Stienen, Julius P. A. Dewald

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Characterization of the joint torque coupling strategies used in the lower extremity to generate maximal and submaximal levels of torque at either the hip, knee, or ankle is lacking. Currently, there are no available isometric devices that quantify all concurrent joint torques in the hip, knee, and ankle of a single leg during maximum voluntary torque generation. Thus, joint-torque coupling strategies in the hip, knee, and concurrent torques at ankle and/or coupling patterns at the hip and knee driven by the ankle have yet to be quantified. This manuscript describes the design, implementation, and validation of a multiple degree of …

We Are...Marshall, August 20, 2014, Office Of Marshall University Communications

We Are ... Marshall: the Newsletter for Marshall University 1999-2023

No abstract provided.

Genetically Designed Bacterial Biosystems For Environmental And Biomedical Applications, Leslie D. Knecht

Open Access Dissertations

Nature has endowed us with eloquently designed biosystems which can be applied to a number of analytical applications. Advances in biotechnology have allowed for bacteria and the proteins found therein to be exploited throughout the years for the development of designer analytical systems. Herein, we have exploited genetically designed bacterial whole-cell systems and proteins for biomedical and environmental applications. First, we have demonstrated the use of a whole-cell sensing system based on the quorum sensing regulatory protein LasR as a tool to elucidate interkingdom communication and better understand host-microbiome interactions. Specifically, the role of serotonin as a bacterial signaling molecule …

New York: Public Health Implications Of The 'Soda Ban' Ruling, Andrew Geltman

Homeland Security Publications

No abstract provided.

Volume 52, Number 1: August 20, 2014, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

The Debt Penalty: Exposing The Financial Barriers To Offender Reintegration, Douglas N. Evans

Publications and Research

Financial debt associated with legal system involvement is a pressing issue that affects the criminal justice system, offenders, and taxpayers. Mere contact with the criminal justice system often results in fees and fines that increase with progression through the system. Criminal justice fines and fees punish offenders and are designed to generate revenue for legal systems operating on limited budgets. However, fines and fees often fail to accomplish this second goal because many offenders are too poor to pay them. If they do not pay their financial obligations, they may be subject to late fees and interest requirements, all of …

Anemia Research In India: A Bibliometric Analysis Of Publications Output During 1993–2013., Jeyshankar -. Ramalingam -, Vellai Chamy A

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study is made an attempt to make the quantitative study of research output on anemia disease. Data of the present study is obtained from Scopus (http:// www.scopus.com) online multidisciplinary database for the period 1993–2013.The study reveals that 5085 papers were published during the period under study. The highest number of papers (739) is published in the year 2013 but it received 178 citations only. The minimum number (47) of papers is published in the year of 1996, but they have received 3245 citations. The study reveals that lowest number (0.56%) of citations received in the year 2013. The study …

Nelson V. Idaho Dept. Of Health & Welfare Appellant's Brief Dckt. 41282

Not Reported

No abstract provided.