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Oral Contraceptives Modify The Effect Of Gata3 Polymorphisms On The Risk Of Asthma At Age 18 Years Via Dna Methylation, Kranthi Shireesha Guthikonda

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Prevalence of asthma is higher in boys than girls before puberty, while a shift between the genders is found after the puberty. However, the actual mechanism behind this gender shift is not yet clear. We hypothesize that, in girls, oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use and age at menarche modify the effect of GATA3 polymorphisms on the risk of asthma at age 18 via DNA methylation. Blood samples were collected at age 18 years from 245 female participants randomly selected for methylation analysis from the Isle of Wight birth cohort, UK. In the first stage, OCP use and age at menarche …

Design And Implementation Of Position-Encoded Microfluidic Microsphere-Trap Arrays, Xiaoxiao Xu

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Microarray devices are useful for detecting and analyzing biological targets, such as DNAs, mRNAs, proteins, etc. Applications of microarrays range from fundamental research to clinical diagnostics and drug discovery. In this dissertation, we consider a microsphere array device with predetermined positions of the microspheres. The microspheres are conjugate on their surfaces with molecular probes to capture the targets, and the targets are identified by the microspheres' positions. We implement the microsphere arrays by employing microfluidic technology and a hydrodynamic trapping mechanism. We call our device microfluidic microsphere-trap arrays. To fully realize the potential of the device in biomedical applications, we …

Historical Health Conditions In Major Us Cities: The Hue Data Set, Carlos Villareal, Brian Bettenhausen, Eric Hanss, Jonathan Hersh

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

The Historical Urban Ecological data set is a new resource detailing health and environmental conditions within seven major U.S. cities during the study period from 1830 to 1930. Researchers collected and digitized ward-level data from annual reports of municipal departments that detail the epidemiological, economic, and demographic conditions within each city. They then drafted new geographic information system data to link the tabular records to ward geographies. These data provide a new foundation to revisit questions surrounding the urban mortality transition and the growth of U.S. cities.

2014 April 22 - Medical Student Education Committee Minutes, Medical Student Education Committee, East Tennessee State University

Medical Student Education Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

New Payment Models: What’S Driving Them, And What Do They Mean For What It Takes To Be A Good Doctor?, Richard Baron, Md

Department of Medicine Presentations and Grand Rounds

Learning Objectives:

1. Describe details of new non-fee for service payment models, including Bundled Payment, Accountable Care Organizations and Advanced Primary Care
2. Explain administrative structures required to implement these kinds of models
3. Articulate the new values-congruent roles physicians will play under new payment models and the skills they will need to play them.

PowerPoint slides only.

Efficacy Of Plant Compounds For Reducing Foodborne Pathogens On Fresh Produce, Tyler E. Mattson

Master's Theses

Four plant derived compounds, namely carvacrol (CAR), trans-cinnamaldehyde (TC), eugenol (EUG) and β-resorcylic acid (BR) were investigated as wash treatments for reducing Salmonella spp. on tomatoes. In addition, the efficacy of TC and CAR in inactivating E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes on iceberg lettuce in the presence and absence of 10% organic matter was studied. Results suggest that CAR, TC, EUG and BR were effective in rapidly reducing large populations of Salmonella spp. on tomatoes when used in wash water, and CAR rapidly decreased E. coli O157: H7 and L. monocytogenes populations on lettuce even in …

Making Healthy Minds And Bodies In Syria And Lebanon, 1899 - 1961, Beverly A. Tsacoyianis

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Psychiatrists in Syria presented mental health treatment to Syrians as more than just a way to control or cure mental illness, but as a modernizing worldview to combat popular ideas about the origins of mental illness. When the Ibn Sina Mental Hospital was founded near Damascus in 1922, staff were careful to strip treatment of religious meaning. While the physicians were trained in French psychiatric methods, they neither attempted "moral healing" nor imposed religious instruction, as at other hospitals in the region such as the Protestant medical missionary-run Asfuriyeh near Beirut. Ibn Sina hospital staff were so careful to present …

Health Literacy Of Older Refugees And Its Impact On Health Communication With Health Care Providers, Mohamed Almehawes

College of Health Sciences Presentations

Senior refugees often face great challenges in the process of resettling in the United States. In addition to the struggle to gain Basic English language skills to pass the Citizenship Exam, they are most likely to suffer other health issues related to their age status. The purpose of this qualitative study is to look into barriers to health as they are related to health literacy in older refugee population enrolled in ELC program and its impact on their access to healthcare. Data gathering will be accomplished using three methods including: searching the materials presented in the (ELC)class for health literacy …

Syndecan 4 Is Involved In Mediating Hcv Entry Through Interaction With Lipoviral Particle-Associated Apolipoprotein E, Mathieu Lefèvre, Daniel J. Felmlee, Marie Parnot, Thomas F. Baumert, Catherine Schuster

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - April 20, 2014, Lindsey Lyle

Watercooler Newsletter

This is the April 20, 2014 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine's newsletter - Watercooler.

Contents Include:

• Dr. Arnold Luterman Receives 2014 Gardner Award
• USA Medical Student is Second Place Winner of Young Investigator Award
• Dr. R. Phillip Burns to Present Frazer/Leigh Memorial Lecture
• USA Health System to Offer Free Skin Cancer Screenings on Melanoma Monday
• Dr. Paul Brett Awarded $1.7 million by DTRA

Developing Transmissible Vaccines For Animal Infections: Intrinsically Safe Designs And A Staged Transparent Development Process Will Be Essential, Daniel G. Streiker, Megan E. Griffiths, Rustom Antia, Laura Bergner, Peter Bowman, Maria Vitoria Dos Santos De Moraes, Kevin Esvelt, Mike Famulare, Amy T. Gilbert, Biao He, Michael A. Jarvis, David A. Kennedy, Jennifer Kuzma, Carolyne Nasi,Iyu Wanyonyi, Christopher Remien, Tonie Rocke, Kyle Rosenke, Courtney Schreiner, Justin Sheen, David Simons, Ivet A. Yordanova, James J. Bull, Scott L. Nuismer

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Developing Transmissible Vaccines for Animal Infections: Intrinsically Safe Designs and a Staged Transparent Development Process Will Be Essential

Intrinsically safe, biologically compelling vaccine designs

Pahsed development must incorporate checkpoints and engagement

Staged development with established checkpoints

Wquitable partnerships with international governance

Toward deployment

Workshop organization

Seven proposed commitm ents for the responsible development of transmissible vaccines for infectious disease control in animals

Evolutionary outcomes of vaccine transmission depend on the viral vector and the genetic modifications introduced

Education In Pediatrics In Us Colleges And Schools Of Pharmacy, William Allan Prescott, Elizabeth M. Dahl, David Hutchinson

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective. To determine the extent to which pediatrics is taught at US doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) programs and to characterize what is being taught and how.

Methods. A 40-question online survey instrument was sent to accredited and candidate-status US PharmD programs.

Results. Of 86 participating programs (67.2% response rate), 81 (94.2%) indicated that pediatric topics were included in their required classroom curricula (mean, 21.9 contact hours). A pediatric elective course was offered by 61.0% of programs (mean, 25.9 contact hours). Advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) in pediatrics were offered by 97.4% of programs, with an average of 27 students per …

Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Prompts Increased And Earlier Infectious Diseases Consultation, Haley J. Morrill, M. Gaitanis, Kerry L. Laplante

Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Research Faculty Publications

A recent analysis demonstrated that infectious diseases (ID) specialty intervention was associated with decreased mortality and hospital readmission. These benefits were greatest if involvement occurred within two days of hospital admission. Antimicrobial stewardship programs should augment the services of an ID specialist team and promote formal consultation. Implementation of an antimicrobial stewardship program at the Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center was associated with an increased number of consults (increase of 72.2%) and decreased time to consult (3.5 days sooner), which might also dramatically improve patient outcomes, including mortality and readmission rates.

The Grizzly, April 17, 2014, Dave Muoio, Larissa Coyne, Deana Harley, Caroline Sandberg, Evan Hill, Caitlin Tillson, Rachel Brown, Shawn Hartigan, Briana Keane, Charles Chan Hee Lee, John Carty, Ryan Adams, Karch Connors

Ursinus College Grizzly Newspaper, 1978 to Present

U-Innovate! Winners Announced • UC to Finalize Peace Corps Agreement • Dance Class Brings Second Ricochet More Participation • Ursinus Students Attend History Conference, Two Receive Awards • Freshman Poet Wins National Award for Sonnet • UC Eats Kosher • Professor Houghton Kane to Retire This Year • Opinion: Autism Acceptance Goes Beyond Statistics; Friendly Advice for Dull Weekends at College • Bubba Watson Hits His Way Into Second Green Jacket • Opinion: Sleeved NBA Jerseys Should be Reconsidered • Many UC Teams Plagued by Close Losses

The Duty To Accommodate: Will Title I Of The Americans With Disabilities Act Emancipate Individuals With Disabilities Only To Disable Small Businesses, Lisa A. Lavelle

Notre Dame Law Review

No abstract provided.

Infectious Waste: A Guide To State Regulation And A Cry For Federal Intervention, Michael R. Shumaker

Notre Dame Law Review

No abstract provided.

Human Immune Responses To H. Pylori Hla Class Ii Epitopes Identified By Immunoinformatic Methods, Songhua Zhang, Joseph Desrosiers, Jose R. Aponte-Pieras, Kristen Dasilva, Loren D. Fast, Frances Terry, William D. Martin, Anne S. De Groot, Leonard Moise, Steven F. Moss

Institute for Immunology and Informatics Faculty Publications

H. pylori persists in the human stomach over decades and promotes several adverse clinical sequelae including gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric cancer that are linked to the induction and subsequent evasion of chronic gastric inflammation. Emerging evidence indicates that H. pylori infection may also protect against asthma and some other immune-mediated conditions through regulatory T cell effects outside the stomach. To characterize the complexity of the CD4+ T cell response generated during H. pylori infection, computational methods were previously used to generate a panel of 90 predicted epitopes conserved among H. pylori genomes that broadly cover HLA Class II diversity …

Use Of Humanized Mice To Study The Production Of Human B Cell Lineage, German Cuadra, Dr. Bradford Berges

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Our study focuses on the development of an animal model capable of reproduce cellular responses as in humans. For years humanized mice have been used in the study of infectious diseases. The goal of this research was to document, characterize and record the existence of human B cell lineage and penetration into different tissues of humanized mice.

Volume 51, Number 35: April 16, 2014, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

Patient Discomfort In The Icu: Ett Movement Effects, Virginia Hamilton

Theses and Dissertations

Critically ill patients who require MV are at risk for a number of complications, including the development of ventilator-associated events (VAE) and agitation that may require the use of sedation. Patients experience anxiety and discomfort during mechanical ventilation from a variety of sources including unfamiliar breathing assistance and an inability to communicate anxiety and pain verbally, but a primary cause of discomfort identified by these patients is the simply the presence of the endotracheal tube (ETT). Discomfort often leads to agitation and may be exacerbated by ETT movement. Management of agitation typically involves the use of sedative therapy and has …

Animal Health Matters, Russ Daly, Jane Hennings

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

[Page] 1- Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Testing and Research in High Demand at SDSU’s ADRDL [Page] 1- Clinical Signs Associated with Swine Deltacoronavirus in a Northeastern Nebraska Sow Herd [Page] 2- Director's Message: ADRDL Contributes to Animal Health Locally, Nationally, and Globally [Page] 3- Dr. Step Highlights Successful Bailey Herd Health Conference [Page] 4- Detecting and Discovering Viruses at SDSU’s ADRDL [Page] 6- Post Exposure Rabies Treatment for People Currently Rabies-Vaccinated [Page] 7- Antimicrobial Resistance the Subject of Latest South Dakota “One Health” Workshop Group Meeting [Page] 6- New Hires [Page] 6- New Hire: Grant Miller [Page] 7- Continuing Education …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 89, No. 47, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news.

• McKay, Michael. In the Dark: Hate Crimes Go Unreported, Unknown – Nick Gilyard
• Crumbie, Trey. John Osborne’s 46 Year Chapter at WKU Coming to An End – Facilities & Campus Services
• Brown, Leah. Fiji Assists In Local Home Makeover – Phi Gamma Delta, Housing Authority of Bowling Green, HABG
• Brown, Leah. Student Government Association Election Results Announced
• Vogt, Darren. Editorial Cartoon Student Apathy
• Hunton, Ryan. The Vaccination Debate Persists Despite Evidence
• Student Boy Forgets Importance of Voting – Student Government Association
• Mathews, Mackenzie. Goldwater Scholarship Recognizes Four WKU Nominees …

Breast Cancer In Vietnam: Pamphlets As A Teaching Tool, Fantine Giap

Collection of Engaged Learning

Using the theoretical basis of simple epidemic models, we will examine how information can spread through a population. Specifically, the acquisition of new information (i.e. through pamphlets, physicians, health education programs) will be made analogous to that of an infection. The paper will include: 1) the relevance of epidemic modeling for a social contact application 2) a discussion of the possible models and their implications for conceptualizing information spread 3) the findings from a pilot study conducted with breast cancer patients in a hospital in Vietnam. With our exploration of this application, we hope to supplement intervention programs seeking to …

Advanced Screencasting With Embedded Assessments In Pathophysiology And Therapeutics Course Modules, Ashley Woodruff, Megan Jensen, William Loeffler, Lisa M. Avery

Pharmacy Faculty/Staff Publications

Objective. To implement and assess the effectiveness of a hybrid learning model using advanced screencasting with embedded assessments in pathophysiology and therapeutics modules.

Design. Two pathophysiology and therapeutics course modules on viral hepatitis and the clinical pharmacokinetics of aminoglycosides were chosen for study. The preclass portion of the hybrid model involved student completion of interactive e-lectures that were created with the use of advanced screencasting and included embedded assessments. Students viewed the e-lectures and completed the assessment questions prior to in-class lecture.

Assessment. Preimplementation and postimplementation test scores were compared and student survey data were analyzed. Test scores improved significantly …

The End Of Alzheimer's Disease - From Biochemical Pharmacology To Ecopsychosociology: A Personal Perspective, Peter J. Whitehouse

Faculty Scholarship

The future of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) field involves a more complete understanding not only the state of current scientific approaches, but also the linguistic and cultural context of preclinical and clinical research and policy activities. The challenges surrounding dementia are large and growing but are only part of broader social and health concerns. In this latter context, the current state of research in the AD area is reviewed together with necessary priorities in moving forward. Creating a more optimistic future will depend less on genetic and reductionist approaches and more on environmental and intergenerative approaches that will aid in …

An Inevitable Conflict: The Subordination Of Contract Principles To Informed Consent In The Business Of Banking Umbilical Cord Blood, Abigail Norris

William & Mary Business Law Review

This Note explores the business of banking umbilical cord blood for later, and potentially life-saving, use. It discusses the importance of the stem cells found in umbilical cord blood, and the complexities involved in applying business models to its collection, storage, and use. Furthermore, this Note discusses how contracts governing the storage and use of umbilical cord blood can conflict with concepts of human dignity and informed consent. It concludes that in the event umbilical cord blood banking contracts conflict with informed consent, the contract should be subordinated to a person’s understanding, acquired through procedures intended to achieve the patient, …

Presence Of Cd8+ T Cells In The Ectocervical Mucosa Correlates With Genital Viral Shedding In Hiv-Infected Women Despite A Low Prevalence Of Hiv Rna–Expressing Cells In The Tissue, Anna Gibbs, Taha Hirbod, Qingsheng Li, Karin Bohman, Terry B. Ball, Francis A. Plummer, Rupert Kaul, Joshua Kimani, Kristina Broliden, Annelie Tjernlund

Qingsheng Li Publications

The female genital tract is a portal of entry for sexual HIV transmission and a possible viral reservoir. In this study, the ectocervical CD8⁺ T cell distribution was explored in situ and was related to expression of CD3 and HLA-DR and presence of HIV RNA. For this purpose, ectocervical tissue samples and genital secretions were collected from HIV-seropositive (HIV⁺) Kenyan female sex workers (FSWs) (n = 20), HIV-seronegative (HIV−) FSWs (n = 17), and HIV− lower-risk women (n = 21). Cell markers were assessed by in situ staining and by quantitative PCR. HIV RNA expression in tissue …

Global Dissemination Of A Multidrug Resistant Escherichia Coli Clone., Nicola K. Petty, Zakour Nl Ben, Mitchell Stanton-Cook, Elizabeth Skippington, Makrina Totsika, Brian M. Forde, Minh Duy Phan, Moriel D Gomes, Kate M. Peters, Mark Davies, Benjamin A. Rogers, Gordon Dougan, Jesüs Rodriguez-Baño, Alvaro Pascual, Johann D.D. Pitout, Mathew Upton, David L. Paterson, Timothy R. Walsh, Mark A. Schembri, Scott A. Beatson

School of Biomedical Sciences

Escherichia coli sequence type 131 (ST131) is a globally disseminated, multidrug resistant (MDR) clone responsible for a high proportion of urinary tract and bloodstream infections. The rapid emergence and successful spread of E. coli ST131 is strongly associated with several factors, including resistance to fluoroquinolones, high virulence gene content, the possession of the type 1 fimbriae FimH30 allele, and the production of the CTX-M-15 extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). Here, we used genome sequencing to examine the molecular epidemiology of a collection of E. coli ST131 strains isolated from six distinct geographical locations across the world spanning 2000-2011. The global phylogeny …

Analytical Framework For Examining The Value Of Antibacterial Products, Kevin Outterson, Aylin Sertkaya, John T. Eyraud, Anna Birkenback, Calvin Franz, Nyssa Ackerley, Valerie Overton

Faculty Scholarship

Antibacterial resistance is a growing global problem. According to the most recent statistics from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), at least 2 million people acquire serious infections with bacteria that are resistant to one or more of antibacterial drugs designed to treat those infections in the United States alone. Of these, approximately 23,000 die as a result of drug-resistant infections. Even though estimates vary widely, the economic cost of antibacterial resistance in the United States could be as high as $20 billion and $35 billion a year in excess direct healthcare costs and lost productivity costs, respectively …

Evaluation Of Maxillary Molar Furcations, Clinical Measurements Versus Cone Beam Computed Tomography, Jessica Allen

Theses and Dissertations

BACKGROUND: The use of three-dimensional imaging has shown to provide advantages to the clinician in assessing bone morphology. The aim of this study will be to compare the diagnostic efficacy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) versus diagnostic clinical measurements in patients presenting with furcation involved maxillary first molars. METHODS: The study population included 20 patients with 34 maxillary first molar teeth with furcation involvement. Clinical horizontal and vertical probing measurements were compared to CBCT measurements taken by two calibrated examiners. RESULTS: Horizontal measurements showed a significant difference between Glickman class II and class III. There were no statistical significant …