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2014

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Patiëntveiligheid Vanuit De Patiënt, J. M. Latour, Dijk M Van Jan 2014

Patiëntveiligheid Vanuit De Patiënt, J. M. Latour, Dijk M Van

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.


Implementing The Family-Centered Care Model, Parents’ Satisfaction And Experiences In Neonatology, I Dall’Oglio, A Portanova, M Fiori, O Gawronski, R Fida, A Cocchieri, G Rocco, E Tiozzo, Jm Latour Jan 2014

Implementing The Family-Centered Care Model, Parents’ Satisfaction And Experiences In Neonatology, I Dall’Oglio, A Portanova, M Fiori, O Gawronski, R Fida, A Cocchieri, G Rocco, E Tiozzo, Jm Latour

School of Nursing and Midwifery

No abstract provided.


Key Attitudinal Competences For Early Childhood Practitioners: Exploring European Approaches To Teaching And Learning, Verity Campbell Barr, Jan Georgeson Jan 2014

Key Attitudinal Competences For Early Childhood Practitioners: Exploring European Approaches To Teaching And Learning, Verity Campbell Barr, Jan Georgeson

School of Law, Humanities and Social Sciences

The European Key Competences for Lifelong Learning provide a European-level reference tool for education providers, including Higher Education institutions, to focus national- and European-level efforts to support students towards personal fulfillment, social inclusion, active citizenship and employability in a knowledge-based society. The European Lifelong Learning Programme defines competences as:“a combination of knowledge, skills and attitudes appropriate to the context” (European Commission, 2007: 3).Whilst not wishing to undermine the importance of knowledge and skills, we are interested in how to develop attitudes for the particular context of early childhood practice. Within Europe there is a complex array of terminology for those …


Creative Music Neurotechnology With Symphony Of Minds Listening, E Miranda, D Lloyd, Z Josipovic, D Williams Jan 2014

Creative Music Neurotechnology With Symphony Of Minds Listening, E Miranda, D Lloyd, Z Josipovic, D Williams

School of Art, Design and Architecture

No abstract provided.


The Green Economy: Functional Domains And Theoretical Directions Of Enquiry, Ian Bailey, Federico Caprotti Jan 2014

The Green Economy: Functional Domains And Theoretical Directions Of Enquiry, Ian Bailey, Federico Caprotti

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Risk Management In Liquefied Natural Gas Ports And Marine Terminals Supply Chains, Mohamed Briouig Jan 2014

Risk Management In Liquefied Natural Gas Ports And Marine Terminals Supply Chains, Mohamed Briouig

Plymouth Business School Theses

Due to its environmental attributes, Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) as a clean fossil fuel source of energy has witnessed a steady increase in demand worldwide over the last decade. This increase is mainly attributed to higher demand from the power generation sector as well as from domestic and industrial usages .This growing role of LNG among competing energy sources has raised concerns over the safety and security of the LNG chain of production, transport and distribution and its related infrastructure. Within this context, LNG ports and marine terminals, being strategically located at the midstream of the LNG Supply Chain (SC), …


دور المعلومات المحاسبية التحليلية في تؤييد الموازنة, أسماء مهدي الهاشمي Jan 2014

دور المعلومات المحاسبية التحليلية في تؤييد الموازنة, أسماء مهدي الهاشمي

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

من أهنم المقومنات لعملينة انننادة بنناي العنرا فني المرحلننة الراهننة هنو تخةيةنات الموازنننة العامنة لتنفين الم ناري الإسننتاماريةوم نناري البنننت التحتيننة التنني نانننت الكايننر منن الإهمننال وفننعت التخةيةننات لفتننرات طويلننة ومننا يميننز النظننام الحننالي و ننودالحكومات المحلية والتي تتولت نملية تخطيط وتنفي الم اري م واق الحا ات المحلية الملحنة لم تمعاتانا والتني ينباني ا تعكنساستراتي ياتاا في الاستفادة م الموارد المخةةنة لانا وإسنتخداماا الاسنتخدام اأمانل وخن ل السننوات الامنا المافنية خةةنتالكاير م اأموال لموازنات الحكومات المحلية لمحافظات العرا المختلفة لإن از الم اري اأساسية لتؤهينل البننت التحتينة ال زمنةللعرا لفتح ابوابه نلت مةرانياا للم اري الإستامارية التي بدورها اساسية …


Longitudinal Evaluation Of Quality Of Life In 288 Patients With Neurofibromatosis 2, Rosalie E. Ferner, Adam Shaw, D. Gareth Evans, Dympna Mcaleer, Dorothy Halliday, Allyson Parry, F. Lucy Raymond, Juliette Durie-Gair, C. Oliver Hanemann, Rachel Hornigold, Patrick Axon, John F. Golding Jan 2014

Longitudinal Evaluation Of Quality Of Life In 288 Patients With Neurofibromatosis 2, Rosalie E. Ferner, Adam Shaw, D. Gareth Evans, Dympna Mcaleer, Dorothy Halliday, Allyson Parry, F. Lucy Raymond, Juliette Durie-Gair, C. Oliver Hanemann, Rachel Hornigold, Patrick Axon, John F. Golding

Peninsula Medical School

No abstract provided.


Exploring Perceived Barriers, Drivers, Impacts And The Need For Evaluation Of Public Involvement In Health And Social Care Research: A Modified Delphi Study, D. Snape, J. Kirkham, N. Britten, K. Froggatt, F. Gradinger, F. Lobban, Jennie Popay, K. Wyatt, Ann Jacoby Jan 2014

Exploring Perceived Barriers, Drivers, Impacts And The Need For Evaluation Of Public Involvement In Health And Social Care Research: A Modified Delphi Study, D. Snape, J. Kirkham, N. Britten, K. Froggatt, F. Gradinger, F. Lobban, Jennie Popay, K. Wyatt, Ann Jacoby

Peninsula Medical School

ObjectiveTo explore areas of consensus and conflict in relation to perceived public involvement (PI) barriers and drivers, perceived impacts of PI and ways of evaluating PI approaches in health and social care research.BackgroundInternationally and within the UK the recognition of potential benefits of PI in health and social care research is gathering momentum and PI is increasingly identified by organisations as a prerequisite for funding. However, there is relatively little examination of the impacts of PI and how those impacts might be measured.DesignMixed method, three-phase, modified Delphi technique, conducted as part of a larger MRC multiphase project.SampleClinical and non-clinical academics, …


Visible Light Mediated Intermolecular [3 + 2] Annulation Of Cyclopropylanilines With Alkynes, Theresa H. Nguyen, Soumitra Maity, Nan Zheng Jan 2014

Visible Light Mediated Intermolecular [3 + 2] Annulation Of Cyclopropylanilines With Alkynes, Theresa H. Nguyen, Soumitra Maity, Nan Zheng

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Intermolecular [3 + 2] annulation of cyclopropylanilines with alkynes is realized using visible light photoredox catalysis, yielding a variety of cyclic allylic amines in fair to good yields. This method exhibits significant group tolerance particularly with heterocycles. It can also be used to prepare complex heterocycles such as fused indolines.


Evaluating N-Benzylgalactonoamidines As Putative Transition State Analogs For Β-Galactoside Hydrolysis, Qui-Hua Fan, Susanne Striegler, Rebekah Langston, James Barnett Jan 2014

Evaluating N-Benzylgalactonoamidines As Putative Transition State Analogs For Β-Galactoside Hydrolysis, Qui-Hua Fan, Susanne Striegler, Rebekah Langston, James Barnett

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Experimental evidence is provided for p-methylbenzyl-D-galactonoamidine to function as a true transition state analog for the enzymatic hydrolysis of aryl-β-D-galactopyranosides by β-galactosidase (A. oryzae). The compound exhibits inhibition constants in the low nanomolar concentration range (12–56 nM) for a selection of substrates. Along these lines, a streamlined synthetic method based on phase-transfer catalysis was optimized to afford the required variety of new aryl-β-D-galactopyranosides. Last, the stability of the galactonoamidines under the assay conditions was confirmed.


Uniform Accountancy Act, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa), National Association Of State Boards Of Accountancy Jan 2014

Uniform Accountancy Act, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa), National Association Of State Boards Of Accountancy

Association Sections, Divisions, Boards, Teams

No abstract provided.


Social Experience During Adolescence Influences How Male Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia Guttata) Group With Conspecifics, Tim Ruploh, Hans Joachim Bischof, N Von Engelhardt Jan 2014

Social Experience During Adolescence Influences How Male Zebra Finches (Taeniopygia Guttata) Group With Conspecifics, Tim Ruploh, Hans Joachim Bischof, N Von Engelhardt

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Chapter 21 Controls On Variations In Cristobalite Abundance In Ash Generated By The Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat In The Period 1997 To 2010, Cj Horwell, Se Hillman, Pd Cole, Sc Loughlin, Ew Llewellin, De Damby, Te Christopher Jan 2014

Chapter 21 Controls On Variations In Cristobalite Abundance In Ash Generated By The Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat In The Period 1997 To 2010, Cj Horwell, Se Hillman, Pd Cole, Sc Loughlin, Ew Llewellin, De Damby, Te Christopher

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Occupational Exposure To Anti-Cancer Drugs: A Review Of Effects Of New Technology., Nitin Vyas, Dennis Yiannakis, Andrew Turner, Graham J. Sewell Jan 2014

Occupational Exposure To Anti-Cancer Drugs: A Review Of Effects Of New Technology., Nitin Vyas, Dennis Yiannakis, Andrew Turner, Graham J. Sewell

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

Because anti-cancer drugs are non-selective, they affect both cancerous and non-cancerous cells. Being carcinogenic and mutagenic, many anticancer drugs therefore present a major health risk to healthcare staff working with them. This paper reviews the means by which exposure to anti-cancer drugs in the workplace may be monitored, assessed and reduced. Both biological monitoring, using non-selective methods or compound-selective methods, and environmental monitoring have provided information on the nature and degree of exposure in the workplace. Pharmaceutical isolators, used for the compounding of cytotoxic IV infusions and the preparation of injectable drugs, provide a physical barrier between pharmacists and cytotoxic …


Cadmium Contamination Of Agricultural Soils And Crops Resulting From Sphalerite Weathering., T. C. Robson, C. B. Braungardt, J. Rieuwerts, P. Worsfold Jan 2014

Cadmium Contamination Of Agricultural Soils And Crops Resulting From Sphalerite Weathering., T. C. Robson, C. B. Braungardt, J. Rieuwerts, P. Worsfold

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

The biogeochemistry and bioavailability of cadmium, released during sphalerite weathering in soils, were investigated under contrasting agricultural scenarios to assess health risks associated with sphalerite dust transport to productive soils from mining. Laboratory experiments (365 d) on temperate and sub-tropical soils amended with sphalerite (<63 μm, 0.92 wt.% Cd) showed continuous, slow dissolution (0.6-1.2% y(-1)). Wheat grown in spiked temperate soil accumulated ≈38% (29 μmol kg(-1)) of the liberated Cd, exceeding food safety limits. In contrast, rice grown in flooded sub-tropical soil accumulated far less Cd (0.60 μmol kg(-1)) due to neutral soil pH and Cd bioavailability was possibly also controlled by secondary sulfide formation. The results demonstrate long-term release of Cd to soil porewaters during sphalerite weathering. Under oxic conditions, Cd may be sufficiently bioavailable to contaminate crops destined for human consumption; however flooded rice production limits the impact of sphalerite contamination.


Self-Regulating Smoking And Snacking Through Physical Activity., Hwajung Oh, Adrian H. Taylor Jan 2014

Self-Regulating Smoking And Snacking Through Physical Activity., Hwajung Oh, Adrian H. Taylor

Peninsula Medical School

OBJECTIVE: Emotional snacking contributes to weight gain after smoking cessation. Exercise acutely reduces cravings for cigarettes and snack food. This study examined if different exercise intensities acutely reduces snack and cigarette cravings and attentional bias (AB) to video clips of snacks and cigarettes among abstinent smokers. METHODS: Abstinent smokers (and snackers; N = 23) randomly did 15 mins of moderate and vigorous cycling and a passive control in a cross-over design. Visual initial AB (IAB) and maintained AB (MAB) were assessed pre- and after treatment while watching paired snacking/neutral or smoking/neutral video clips. Desire to snack and smoke were assessed …


Developing And Testing The Standard Of Practice And Evaluation Of Critical-Care-Nursing Tool (Spect) For Critical Care Nursing Practice, Fenella J. Gill, Gavin D. Leslie, Carol Grech, Duncan Boldy, Jos M. Latour Jan 2014

Developing And Testing The Standard Of Practice And Evaluation Of Critical-Care-Nursing Tool (Spect) For Critical Care Nursing Practice, Fenella J. Gill, Gavin D. Leslie, Carol Grech, Duncan Boldy, Jos M. Latour

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Background: Nurses working in critical care often undertake specialty education. There are no uniform practice outcomes for critical care programs, and consumer input to practice standards has been lacking. Methods: A structured multiphase project was undertaken to develop practice standards and an assessment tool informed by critical care nursing stakeholders as well as patients and families—the Standards of Practice and Evaluation of Critical-Care-Nursing Tool (SPECT). Results: Testing of the SPECT revealed adequate content validity index (CVI), domain CVI (range, 0.772 to 0.887), and statement CVI (range, 0.66 to 1.00). Reliability was adequate in terms of internal consistency (Cronbach’s α > 0.864) …


Comparative Efficacy And Safety Of Treatments For Localised Prostate Cancer: An Application Of Network Meta-Analysis, Tengbin Xiong, Rebecca M. Turner, Yinghui Wei, David E. Neal, Georgios Lyratzopoulos, Julian P.T. Higgins Jan 2014

Comparative Efficacy And Safety Of Treatments For Localised Prostate Cancer: An Application Of Network Meta-Analysis, Tengbin Xiong, Rebecca M. Turner, Yinghui Wei, David E. Neal, Georgios Lyratzopoulos, Julian P.T. Higgins

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

ContextThere is ongoing uncertainty about the optimal management of patients with localised prostate cancer.ObjectiveTo evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of different treatments for patients with localised prostate cancer.DesignSystematic review with Bayesian network meta-analysis to estimate comparative ORs, and a score (0–100%) that, for a given outcome, reflects average rank order of superiority of each treatment compared against all others, using the Surface Under the Cumulative RAnking curve (SUCRA) statistic.Data sourcesElectronic searches of MEDLINE without language restriction.Study selectionRandomised trials comparing the efficacy and safety of different primary treatments (48 papers from 21 randomised trials included 7350 men).Data extraction2 reviewers independently …


Minimal Effects Of Waterborne Exposure To Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes On Behaviour And Physiology Of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)., D Boyle, Je Fox, Jm Akerman, Ka Sloman, Tb Henry, Rd Handy Jan 2014

Minimal Effects Of Waterborne Exposure To Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes On Behaviour And Physiology Of Juvenile Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)., D Boyle, Je Fox, Jm Akerman, Ka Sloman, Tb Henry, Rd Handy

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Fish behaviours are often considered to be sensitive endpoints of waterborne contaminants, but little attention has been given to engineered nanomaterials. The present study aimed to determine the locomotor and social behaviours of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during waterborne exposure to single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and to ascertain the physiological basis for any observed effects. Dispersed stock suspensions of SWCNTs were prepared by stirring in sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), an anionic surfactant, on an equal w/w basis. Trout were exposed to control (no SWCNT or SDS), 0.25 mg L(-1) SDS (dispersant control), or 0.25 mg L(-1) of SWCNT for 10 …


Uptake Epithelia Behave In A Cell-Centric And Not Systems Homeostatic Manner In Response To Zinc Depletion And Supplementation, D Zheng, Gp Feeney, Rd Handy, C Hogstrand, P Kille Jan 2014

Uptake Epithelia Behave In A Cell-Centric And Not Systems Homeostatic Manner In Response To Zinc Depletion And Supplementation, D Zheng, Gp Feeney, Rd Handy, C Hogstrand, P Kille

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


Moving Beyond Too Little, Too Late: Managing Emerging Infectious Diseases In Wild Populations Requires International Policy And Partnerships, Jamie Voyles, A. Marm Kilpatrick, James P. Collins, Matthew C. Fisher, Winifred F. Frick, Hamish Mccallum, Craig K.R. Willis, David S. Blehert, Kris A. Murray, Robert Puschendorf, Erica Bree Rosenblum, Benjamin M. Bolker, Tina L. Cheng, Kate E. Langwig, Daniel L. Lindner, Mary Toothman, Mark Q. Wilber, Cheryl J. Briggs Jan 2014

Moving Beyond Too Little, Too Late: Managing Emerging Infectious Diseases In Wild Populations Requires International Policy And Partnerships, Jamie Voyles, A. Marm Kilpatrick, James P. Collins, Matthew C. Fisher, Winifred F. Frick, Hamish Mccallum, Craig K.R. Willis, David S. Blehert, Kris A. Murray, Robert Puschendorf, Erica Bree Rosenblum, Benjamin M. Bolker, Tina L. Cheng, Kate E. Langwig, Daniel L. Lindner, Mary Toothman, Mark Q. Wilber, Cheryl J. Briggs

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are on the rise due to multiple factors, including human facilitated movement of pathogens, broad-scale landscape changes, and perturbations to ecological systems (Jones et al. 2008; Fisher et al. 2012). Epidemics in wildlife are problematic because they can lead to pathogen spillover to new host organisms, erode biodiversity and threaten ecosystems that sustain human societies (Fisher et al. 2012; Kilpatrick 2011). There have been recent calls for large-scale research approaches to combat the threats EIDs pose to wildlife (Sleeman 2013). While it is true that developing new analytical models, diagnostic assays and molecular tools will significantly …


Steps Toward A Shared Governance Response For Achieving Good Environmental Status In The Mediterranean Sea, Sergio Cinnirella, R Sarda, Suarez De Vivero J Luis, Ruth Brennan, Alberto Barausse, John Icely, Tiziana Luisetti, David March, Carla Murciano, Alice Newton, T O'Higgins, Luca Palmeri, Maria Giovanna Palmieri, Pascal Raux, Sian Rees, J Albaiges, Nicola Pirrone, Kerry Turner Jan 2014

Steps Toward A Shared Governance Response For Achieving Good Environmental Status In The Mediterranean Sea, Sergio Cinnirella, R Sarda, Suarez De Vivero J Luis, Ruth Brennan, Alberto Barausse, John Icely, Tiziana Luisetti, David March, Carla Murciano, Alice Newton, T O'Higgins, Luca Palmeri, Maria Giovanna Palmieri, Pascal Raux, Sian Rees, J Albaiges, Nicola Pirrone, Kerry Turner

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.


The Deep Sea Is A Major Sink For Microplastic Debris, Lucy C. Woodall, Anna Sanchez-Vidal, Miquel Canals, Gordon L.J. Paterson, Rachel Coppock, Victoria Sleight, Antonio Calafat, Alex D. Rogers, Bhavani E. Narayanaswamy, Richard C. Thompson Jan 2014

The Deep Sea Is A Major Sink For Microplastic Debris, Lucy C. Woodall, Anna Sanchez-Vidal, Miquel Canals, Gordon L.J. Paterson, Rachel Coppock, Victoria Sleight, Antonio Calafat, Alex D. Rogers, Bhavani E. Narayanaswamy, Richard C. Thompson

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

Marine debris, mostly consisting of plastic, is a global problem, negatively impacting wildlife, tourism and shipping. However, despite the durability of plastic, and the exponential increase in its production, monitoring data show limited evidence of concomitant increasing concentrations in marine habitats. There appears to be a considerable proportion of the manufactured plastic that is unaccounted for in surveys tracking the fate of environmental plastics. Even the discovery of widespread accumulation of microscopic fragments (microplastics) in oceanic gyres and shallow water sediments is unable to explain the missing fraction. Here, we show that deep-sea sediments are a likely sink for microplastics. …


A Biological, Latent Variable Model Of Health (Earlybird 68)., Michael E. Hyland, Alison N. Jeffery, Terence J. Wilkin Jan 2014

A Biological, Latent Variable Model Of Health (Earlybird 68)., Michael E. Hyland, Alison N. Jeffery, Terence J. Wilkin

School of Psychology

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether factor analysis of a set of health-related biomarkers provides evidence of an underlying common dimension of variation, and to explore the relationship between this dimension of variation with positive and negative affect. METHOD: Twelve health-related metabolic, immune and body-composition biomarkers at ages 5, 7, 9, 11, 14 and 16years were obtained from the EarlyBird longitudinal cohort of 347 children and supplemented by positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) measured at age 16years. RESULTS: At each age, principal factor analysis revealed that nine of the 12 biomarkers consistently loaded on the first extracted factor, accounting for …


Planning-Related Motor Processes Underlie Mental Practice And Imitation Learning., Patric Bach, Bassem Khalaf Allami, Mike Tucker, Rob Ellis Jan 2014

Planning-Related Motor Processes Underlie Mental Practice And Imitation Learning., Patric Bach, Bassem Khalaf Allami, Mike Tucker, Rob Ellis

School of Psychology

It is still controversial whether mental practice-the internal rehearsal of movements to improve later performance-relies on processes engaged during physical motor performance and, if so, which processes these are. We report data from 5 experiments, in which participants mentally practiced complex rhythms with either feet or hands while using the same or different body parts to respond to unrelated sounds. We found that responses were impaired for those body parts that were concurrently used in mental practice, suggesting a binding of body-part-specific motor processes to action plans. This result was found when participants mentally trained to memorize the rhythms, to …


Gaba-Mediated Changes In Inter-Hemispheric Beta Frequency Activity In Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease, S. D. Hall, E. J. Prokic, C. J. Mcallister, K. C. Ronnqvist, A. C. Williams, N. Yamawaki, C. Witton, G. L. Woodhall, I. M. Stanford Jan 2014

Gaba-Mediated Changes In Inter-Hemispheric Beta Frequency Activity In Early-Stage Parkinson's Disease, S. D. Hall, E. J. Prokic, C. J. Mcallister, K. C. Ronnqvist, A. C. Williams, N. Yamawaki, C. Witton, G. L. Woodhall, I. M. Stanford

School of Psychology

No abstract provided.


Development Of Sampling Efficiency And Internal Noise In Motion Detection And Discrimination In School-Aged Children, Hk Falkenberg, Wa Simpson, Gn Dutton Jan 2014

Development Of Sampling Efficiency And Internal Noise In Motion Detection And Discrimination In School-Aged Children, Hk Falkenberg, Wa Simpson, Gn Dutton

School of Psychology

The aim of this study was to use an equivalent noise (EN) to investigate the development and maturation of motion perception, and how the underlying limitations of sampling efficiency and internal noise effect motion detection and direction discrimination in school-aged children (5-14 years) and adults. Contrast energy thresholds of a 2 c/deg sinusoidal grating drifting at 1.0 or 6.0 Hz were measured as a function of added dynamic noise in three tasks: detection of a drifting grating; detection of the sum of two oppositely drifting gratings and direction discrimination of oppositely drifting gratings. Compared to the ideal observer, in both …


From Services To Civilian: The Geographies Of Veterans' Post-Military Lives, Agatha Herman, Richard Yarwood Jan 2014

From Services To Civilian: The Geographies Of Veterans' Post-Military Lives, Agatha Herman, Richard Yarwood

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.


Parasitism In Early Life: Environmental Conditions Shape Within‐Brood Variation In Responses To Infection, Hmv Granroth‐Wilding, Sarah J. Burthe, Sue Lewis, Thomas E. Reed, Katherine A. Herborn, Mark A. Newell, Emi A. Takahashi, Francis Daunt, Emma J.A. Cunningham Jan 2014

Parasitism In Early Life: Environmental Conditions Shape Within‐Brood Variation In Responses To Infection, Hmv Granroth‐Wilding, Sarah J. Burthe, Sue Lewis, Thomas E. Reed, Katherine A. Herborn, Mark A. Newell, Emi A. Takahashi, Francis Daunt, Emma J.A. Cunningham

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

AbstractParasites play key ecological and evolutionary roles through the costs they impose on their host. In wild populations, the effect of parasitism is likely to vary considerably with environmental conditions, which may affect the availability of resources to hosts for defense. However, the interaction between parasitism and prevailing conditions is rarely quantified. In addition to environmental variation acting on hosts, individuals are likely to vary in their response to parasitism, and the combined effect of both may increase heterogeneity in host responses. Offspring hierarchies, established by parents in response to uncertain rearing conditions, may be an important source of variation …