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Two-Dimensional Mos_2 As A New Material For Electronic Devices, Natalia Izyumskaya, Denis O. Demchenko, Vitaliy Avrutin, Ümi̇t Özgür, Hadis Morkoç

Turkish Journal of Physics

We overview fundamental properties, preparation techniques, and potential device applications of single- and few-monolayer-thick molybdenum disulfide MoS_2 belonging to a new emerging class of materials: 2-dimensional semiconductors. To a large extent, the interest in the 2-dimensional materials is fueled by the quest for alternatives to graphene, which is hardly suitable for electronic devices because of the lack of a band gap. A unique combination of physical properties, including flexibility, high electron mobility, and optical transparency combined with a large band gap tunable from indirect 1.2 eV for bulk to direct 1.9 eV for a monolayer, make MoS_2 attractive for a …

The Use Of Statistics And Its Analysis In Resolving Transportation Related Problems, Venkat Sravan Kothapalli

Masters Theses

"Statistical methods are traditionally used to summarize or describe a collection of data. This can be termed as descriptive statistics. This research focuses on application of certain statistical approaches, tools to solve transportation related problems. This research focuses on usage of statistical analysis in determine some of the significant factors and assumptions which should be taken into consideration while developing safety and maintenance related measures by transportation agencies. This research mainly focuses on; testing null hypothesis and frequency analysis. The research therefore is presented in two different case studies: 1) Statistical analysis of the work zone crash historical raw data …

Bulk Metadata Collection: Statutory And Constitutional Considerations, Laura K. Donohue

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The National Security Agency’s bulk collection of telephony metadata runs contrary to Congress’s intent in enacting the 1978 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act. The program also violates the statute in three ways: the requirement that records sought be “relevant to an authorized investigation;” the requirement that information could be obtained via subpoena duces tecum; and the steps required for use of pen registers and trap and trace devices. Additionally, the program gives rise to serious constitutional concerns. Efforts by the government to save the program on grounds of third party doctrine are unpersuasive in light of the unique circumstances of …

Process, Practice, And Principle: Teaching National Security Law And The Knowledge That Matters Most, James E. Baker

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

The meaningful application of national security law requires a commitment to substantive knowledge, good process, and a capacity to cope (and indeed thrive) under the prevailing conditions of practice. This paper describes how and why to teach these three essential elements of national security law from an academic and practitioner perspective.

The paper starts with substantive law, placing emphasis not just on the breadth of knowledge and interpretive skills required, but also on the importance of depth, perspective, theory, purpose, history, and legal values in teaching the law. Next, the paper describes the importance of timely, meaningful, and contextual process, …

Civil Engineering Accreditation Document 2013 (Revised 2014), Georgia Southern University Libraries

Program Accreditation Reports (2013-2023)

This is the revised 2013 report for 2014.

Framing The Prosecution, Daniel C. Richman

Faculty Scholarship

The enormous value of Dan Simon’s In Doubt lies not just in its nuanced exploration of the challenges to accurate criminal factfinding, but also in its challenge to us to rethink trials themselves. Even as we endeavor to give criminal defendants the means and license to raise reasonable doubts, we need to think more about when and how those doubts can be allayed. Just because most jurisdictions have not come out of the first round of play – the one in which defendants get the tools to poke holes in the cases against them – does not mean it is …

A Matter Of National Security: Whistleblowing In The Military As A Mechanism For International Law Enforcement, Roslyn Fuller

San Diego International Law Journal

[T]his article examines the impact that external whistleblowing can have on a state’s compliance with international law. Part III looks at some of the complications that disclosing international law violations raises for the broader legal system, in particular, the expertise that a whistleblower of this type should be expected to have in the area of international law, and judicial reactions to defences related to the exposure of international law violations. Part IV identifies some trends based on this analysis and what they might mean for external whistleblowing on international law violations in the future.

Destroying The Legacy Of The Icty: Analysis Of The Acquittals Of Jovica Stanišic And Franko Simatović, Katherine Pruitt

San Diego International Law Journal

In a 2005 press release by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (“ICTY”), Chief Prosecutor Carla Del Ponte stated “[t]he debate on war crimes in the former Yugoslavia is not subsiding. It is present in the daily life and media, and always politicised . . . I am much more concerned about the victims of war crimes and their families, and I appeal to you to make the victim aspect of any legal process a priority.” Despite this stated dedication to war crimes victims and their families, the ICTY’s Trial Chamber (“Chamber”) recently acquitted two state security officials …

Admissible Or Inadmissible: The Role Of Formally Codified Rules Of Evidence As A Safeguard In Mexico’S Developing Adversarial System, Connie Dang

San Diego International Law Journal

[T]his Comment begins with a brief history of Mexico’s political framework, including an introduction to its civil law tradition, the positivist values present in its legal framework, and the previous criminal procedure reforms that took place before the current 2008 constitutional reforms. It is important to understand the challenges that the previous—and unsuccessful—constitutional reforms faced in order to appreciate the drastic scope of the current changes to Mexican criminal procedure. Part II will address the role of the United States in its relationship with Mexico relationship during the implementation of the 2008 constitutional reforms. As Mexico’s direct neighbor, the United …

Partners Or Rivals In Reconciliation? The Ictr And Rwanda’S Gacaca Courts, Leo C. Nwoye

San Diego International Law Journal

A major question for post-conflict governments to consider is how best to shape reconciliation efforts. This Article examines two transitional justice mechanisms that were utilized in Rwanda’s post genocide era and assesses their contributions to reconciliation. The two principal approaches which emerged in the Rwandan context were the establishment of International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), via the international political community whilst grassroots efforts within Rwanda were channeled through the gacaca court system. While each of these systems, though unintended and incoherent hybrid justice strategies, possessed strengths and weaknesses, this legal pluralist structure nevertheless yielded positive reconciliation results.

The Article …

Anglo-American Dissent From The European Law Of War: A History With Contemporary Echoes, Jeremy Rabkin

San Diego International Law Journal

These episodes in the history of international humanitarian law deserve to be recalled. They may challenge contemporary dogmas. They remind us that, just below the surface, claims for “humanitarian” principle remain disputable and uncertain, even in today’s world. What “everyone agrees” may not be right. It may not even be what everyone—even everyone of relevant experience and moral seriousness—actually agrees upon.

The exposition here proceeds in six parts. Part II describes the contemporary setting of the legal issue, in the “Basic Rule” of Additional Protocol I, highlighting that this rule has no counterpart in earlier conventions on the law of …

The Anxiety Of Influence: The Evolving Regulation Of Lobbying, Richard Briffault

Faculty Scholarship

Lobbying has long been a source of anxiety. As early as the mid-nineteenth century courts expressed concern about the “designing and corrupt men” who sought to wield “secret influence.” Lobbying is a multi-billion dollar business today, but the association of “lobbying” with improper influence is so strong that the American League of Lobbyists – the lobbyists’ trade association – recently renamed itself to drop the word “lobbyist.” Yet, courts have also long recognized that people have a legitimate interest in being able to influence government action, and that they may need to be able to hire agents to help them, …

Intellectual Property Experimentalism By Way Of Competition Law, Tim Wu

Faculty Scholarship

Competition law and Intellectual Property have divergent intellectual cultures – the former more pragmatic and experimentalist; the latter influenced by natural law and vested rights. The US Supreme Court decision in Federal Trade Commission v. Actavis is an intellectual victory for the former approach, one that suggests that antitrust law can and should be used to introduce greater scrutiny of the specific consequences of intellectual property grants.

Rethinking Privacy, William H. Simon

Faculty Scholarship

Anxiety about surveillance and data mining has led many to embrace implausibly expansive and rigid conceptions of privacy. The premises of some current privacy arguments do not fit well with the broader political commitments of those who make them. In particular, liberals seem to have lost touch with the reservations about privacy expressed in the social criticism of some decades ago. They seem unable to imagine that preoccupation with privacy might amount to a “pursuit of loneliness” or how “eyes on the street” might have reassuring connotations. Without denying the importance of the effort to define and secure privacy values, …

Event Plane Dependent Dihadron Correlations With Harmonic Vⁿ Subtraction In Au + Au Collisions At √ˢᴺᴺ = 200 Gev, H. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, S. Bueltmann, D. Plyku, Star Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

STAR measurements of dihadron azimuthal correlations (ΔΦ) are reported in midcentral (20-60%) Au + Au collisions at √ˢᴺᴺ = 200 GeV as a function of the trigger particle's azimuthal angle relative to the event plane, Φ_s = | Φ_t- Ψ_EP|. The elliptic (v₂), triangular (v₃), and quadratic (v₄) flow harmonic backgrounds are subtracted using the zero yield at minimum (ZYAM) method. It is found that a finite near-side (|ΔΦ| < π/2) long-range pseudorapidity correlation (ridge) is present in the in-plane direction (Φ_s ~ 0). The away-side (|ΔΦ| > π/2) correlation shows a modification from d+ Au data, varying with Φ_s. …

Measurement Of Longitudinal Spin Asymmetries For Weak Boson Production In Polarized Proton-Proton Collisions At Rhic, L. Adamczyk, J. K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, M. M. Aggarwal, S. Bültmann, Star Collaboration

Physics Faculty Publications

We report measurements of single- and double-spin asymmetries for W± and Z/ɣ* boson production in longitudinally polarized p + p collisions at √s = 510 GeV by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The asymmetries for W± were measured as a function of the decay lepton pseudorapidity, which provides a theoretically clean probe of the proton's polarized quark distributions at the scale of the W mass. The results are compared to theoretical predictions, constrained by polarized deep inelastic scattering measurements, and show a preference for a sizable, positive up antiquark polarization in the range 0.05 < x < 0.2.

Corporate Headhunting, Daniel C. Richman

Faculty Scholarship

A wide range of commentators – including some pretty sophisticated ones – have raked through the ruins of the 2008 financial collapse, confident that there are significant criminal prosecutions to bring against individuals and that the Justice Department should be faulted for its failure to bring them. Their confidence that blockbuster criminal cases could have been made rests on shaky grounds. So, too, does their faith that the hunting of heads is a socially productive response to the collapse. If anything, a focus on headhunting will only distract from, and reduce the pressure for, efforts to explain the collapse and …

Surprisingly Punitive Damages, Bert I. Huang

Faculty Scholarship

Damages can add up to super-punitive amounts in unintended ways. To take a textbook example: The Defendant has caused an industrial accident or other mass tort. Plaintiff 1 sues, winning punitive damages based on the reprehensibility of that original act. Plaintiff 2 also sues – and also wins punitive damages on the same grounds. So do Plaintiff 3, Plaintiff 4, and so forth. If each of these punitive awards is directed at the same general badness of that original act, then these punishments are redundant. When such redundancy occurs, even damages that are meant to be punitive can reach surprisingly …

Concurrent Damages, Bert I. Huang

Faculty Scholarship

Imagine that a hacker is working for a university official secretly spying on faculty members – say, to find out who has been leaking information to the press about internal disciplinary matters. The injuries to a given victim of the hacking might follow a classic learning curve: The first few intrusions into her e-mail account reveal a storehouse of personal secrets, but further break-ins yield less and less new information. One might say there is diminishing marginal harm.

There is no such leveling off, however, in the compensation that would be awarded to that victim. The electronic privacy law …

Putting Stored-Value Cards In Their Place, Liran Haim, Ronald J. Mann

Faculty Scholarship

This Essay explores the effects of stored-value cards on social welfare. We argue that stored-value cards, in general, are socially beneficial payment devices. Their burgeoning use benefits society in three main plains. First, by replacing paper-based instruments in market segments previously inaccessible to card-based payments, stored-value cards lower the private and public costs of payment transactions. Second, by extending the use of card-based payment systems towards lower- and middle-income households, stored-value cards foster inclusion of those households in the financial mainstream of our society. Third, by operating without an extension of credit, stored-value cards help to limit the uniquely American …

Protecting Reliance, Victor P. Goldberg

Faculty Scholarship

Reliance plays a central role in contract law and scholarship. One party relies on the other's promised performance, its statements, or its anticipated entry into a formal agreement. Saying that reliance is important, however, says nothing about what we should do about it. The focus of this Essay is on the many ways that parties choose to protect reliance. The relationship between what parties do and what contract doctrine cares about is tenuous at best. Contract performance takes place over time, and the nature of the parties 'future obligations can be deferred to take into account changing circumstances. Reliance matters …

Legislating Trust, John D. Gregory

Canadian Journal of Law and Technology

As governments in Canada and elsewhere have considered statutes to ensure that electronic communications are legally effective, they have invariably had to face questions about the reliability of those communications. Can we trust electronic messages, documents, and signatures? Are they the same in law as if they were on paper? What conditions should be imposed in order to give us the right assurances that we can trust them? To answer these questions properly, we need to understand the nature of “trust” and the extent to which legislation can be a source of it, and what other sources should be enlisted …

Top-K With Diversity-M Data Retrieval In Wireless Sensor Networks, Kiran Kumar Puram

Masters Theses

"Wireless Sensor Network is a network of a few to several thousand sensors deployed over an area to sense data and report that data back to the base station. There are many applications of wireless sensor networks including environment monitoring, wildlife tracking, troop tracking etc. The deployed sensors have many constraints like limited battery, limited memory and very little processing capacity. These constraints show direct effect on the network life time.

In many applications of Wireless Sensor Networks, such as monitoring chemical leak, the user is not interested in all the data points from the entire region, but may want …

On Temporal And Frequency Responses Of Smartphone Accelerometers For Explosives Detection, Srinivas Chakravarthi Thandu

Masters Theses

"The increasing frequency of explosive disasters throughout the world in recent years have created a clear need for the systems to monitor for them continuously for better detection and to improve the post disaster rescue operations. Dedicated sensors deployed in the public places and their associated networks to monitor such explosive events are still inadequate and must be complemented for making the detection more pervasive and effective. Modern smart phones are a rich source of sensing because of the fact that they are equipped with wide range of sensors making these devices an appealing platform for pervasive computing applications. The …

Ecology Of A Declining Great Plains Fish, Fundulus Sciadicus, In The Missouri Ozarks, Gregory Travis Thompson

Masters Theses

"Anthropogenic habitat disturbances are of growing concern due to their impacts on native biota, especially in freshwater ecosystems. Damming, channelization, urbanization, wetland draining, and non-native fish introductions all play large roles in habitat homogeneity, fragmentation, and species competition. This has negative effects on native fish and invertebrate species. In the Midwestern United States, the plains topminnow (Fundulus sciadicus) has been declining across its range, to the point of becoming a species of special concern in Missouri. This is possibly due to a combination of the above anthropogenic habitat disturbances. To better understand the ecology of the plains topminnow …

Foundations Of Academic Success: Words Of Wisdom, Thomas C. Priester

Milne Open Textbooks

Foundations of Academic Success: Words of Wisdom (FAS: WoW) introduces you to the various aspects of student and academic life on campus and prepares you to thrive as a successful college student (since there is a difference between a college student and a successful college student). Each section of FAS: WoW is framed by self-authored, true-to-life short stories from actual State University of New York (SUNY) students, employees, and alumni. The advice they share includes a variety of techniques to help you cope with the demands of college. The lessons learned are meant to enlarge your awareness of …

Literature, The Humanities, And Humanity, Theodore L. Steinberg

Milne Open Textbooks

Literature, the Humanities, and Humanity attempts to make the study of literature more than simply another school subject that students have to take. At a time when all subjects seem to be valued only for their testability, this book tries to show the value of reading and studying literature, even earlier literature. It shows students, some of whom will themselves become teachers, that literature actually has something to say to them. Furthermore, it shows that literature is meant to be enjoyed, that, as the Roman poet Horace (and his Renaissance disciple Sir Philip Sidney) said, the functions of literature are …

Instruction In Functional Assessment, Marcie Desrochers, Moira Fallon

Milne Open Textbooks

Instruction in Functional Assessment introduces learners to functional assessment (FA), which includes a variety of assessment approaches (indirect, observational, and experimental) for identifying the cause of an individual’s challenging behavior for the purpose of designing effective treatments. FA is mandated by federal law and is a recognized empirically based approach to treatment of individuals with challenging behaviors (e.g., disruptive, self-injurious, and aggressive behaviors). Instruction in FA is essential for students who will one day enter professions as educators, psychologists, social workers, counselors, or mental health professionals.

The purpose of this textbook is to provide instruction in FA skills for pre-professionals …

The Missing Link: An Introduction To Web Development And Programming, Michael Mendez

Milne Open Textbooks

Web development is an evolving amalgamation of languages that work in concert to receive, modify, and deliver information between parties using the Internet as a mechanism of delivery.
While it is easy to describe conceptually, implementation is accompanied by an overwhelming variety of languages, platforms, templates, frameworks, guidelines, and standards. Navigating a project from concept to completion often requires more than mastery of one or two complementing languages, meaning today’s developers need both breadth, and depth, of knowledge to be effective.

This text provides the developer with an understanding of the various elements of web development by focusing on the …