Digital Commons Network^™

Persistent Hiv-Related Stigma In Rural Uganda During A Period Of Increasing Hiv Incidence Despite Treatment Expansion, Brian T. Chan, Sheri D. Weiser, Yap Boum Ii, Mark J. Siedner, Rain Mocello, Jessica E. Haberer, Peter Hunt, Jeffrey N. Martin, Kenneth H. Mayer, David Bangsberg, Alexander C. Tsai

OHSU-PSU School of Public Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Objective—Program implementers have argued that the increasing availability of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) will reduce the stigma of HIV. We analyzed data from Uganda to assess how HIV-related stigma has changed during a period of ART expansion.

Design—Serial cross-sectional surveys.

Methods—We analyzed data from the Uganda AIDS Rural Treatment Outcomes (UARTO) study during 2007-2012 to estimate trends in internalized stigma among people living with HIV (PLHIV) at the time of treatment initiation. We analyzed data from the Uganda Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) from 2006 and 2011 to estimate trends in stigmatizing attitudes and anticipated stigma in the general population. We …

Portland State Magazine, Portland State University. Office Of University Communications

Portland State Magazine

PSU’s alumni magazine, published 2-3 times a year. In this issue: Library archivist finds old recordings of big name speakers; PSU’s new fundraising structure creates financial sustainability; sharing space with OSHU and OSU in a new building on Portland’s South Waterfront; Ann Marie Fallon shares Honors College admission essays; alumna Amelia Pape brings groceries into neighborhoods; and more

Population Genetic Structure Of Traditional Populations In The Peruvian Central Andes And Implications For South American Population History, Graciela S. Cabana, Cecil M. Lewis, Jr., Raúl Y. Tito, R. Alan Covey, Angela M. Cáceres, C. Leslie Castillo Pampas, Augusto F. De La Cruz, Diana Durand, Genevieve Housman, Brannon I. Hulsey, Gian Carlo Iannacone, Paul W. Lopez, Rolando Martínez, Ángel Medina, Olimpio Ortega Dávila, Karla Paloma Osorio Pinto, Susan I. Polo Santillán, Percy Rojas Domínguez, Meagan Rubel, Heather F. Smith, Silvia E. Smith, Verónica Rubín De Celis, Beatriz Lizárraga, Anne C. Stone

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

Molecular-based characterizations of Andean peoples are traditionally conducted in the service of elucidating continental-level evolutionary processes in South America. Consequently, “western” Andean population genetic variation is often represented in relation to “eastern” variation among Amazon and Orinoco River Basin populations. This west-east contrast in patterns of population genetic variation is typically attributed to large-scale phenomena, such as dual founder colonization events and/or differing long-term microevolutionary histories. However, alternative explanations that consider the nature and causes of population genetic diversity within the Andean region remain underexplored.

Here we examine population genetic diversity in the Peruvian Central Andes using mtDNA HVI and …

Fall 2014

Scientia

CSH progress notes; Alumna entrepreneur finds success at the intersection of chemistry and law; Lions, lycopods and laboratories: CSH students thrive in summer internships; Fielding a team for a mission to Mars; Professor Craig Klugman on the medical humanities; Lab Notes

The Experience Of Reducing Environmental Risks In An Environmental Justice Community, Gabriela Dory

Dissertations

Research on Environmental Justice (EJ) communities has focused on quantitative assessment of environmental hazards and general physical health problems. Little is known about how individuals living in EJ communities perceive their environmental risks and how they reduce environmental risks. The purpose of the study is to explore and describe the perceived environmental risks and the experience of reducing environmental risk among individuals living in an EJ community.

A qualitative and longitudinal design with a descriptive phenomenological method is used to recruit 23 participants living in a known EJ community in the urban area of New Jersey. A total of 43 …

August 31, 2014: 2015 Multidisciplinary Graduate Student Conference (Newberry Library, Chicago/Deadline: Oct.15), Department Of English

Gleanings: Department of English Blog Archive

No abstract provided.

A Journey In Indonesian Regional Autonomy: The Complications Of “Traditional” Village Revival In Mentawai, West Sumatra, Maskota Delfi, Johan Weintré

Social Transformations Journal of the Global South

This article aims to show the development of local identities and of local government political interests, as captured by clans and élite groups in Mentawai, West Sumatra, Indonesia. An ethnographic analysis was made of those islands in the Indian Ocean, which contain a high diversity of clan dialects/languages and new élite groups that have emerged as a result of young academic Mentawaians returning from the mainland. Influenced by a notion of indigenous political strength, a change in regional administration has set in motion political lobbying by young academics infused with new political ideas and economic interests. Regional autonomy raised the …

Introduction: Cultural Aspects Of Learning And Teaching, David Palfreyman

All Works

This special issue of LTHE (edited together with Kay Sanderson of Middlesex University, Dubai) focuses on cultural aspects of learning and teaching in Gulf higher education contexts. As higher education throughout the world has become increasingly globalized, culture has become noticeable in many more ways and in many more contexts than before (Palfreyman, 2007). In the Gulf and elsewhere, ideas of 'local culture' or 'Western culture' are often invoked by teachers and others in educational institutions in the Gulf; and it is worth considering what these terms mean, firstly to practitioners who use them, secondly in the context of recent …

Class Notes, Georgia Southern University

Arts & Humanities: News & Publications (2009-2023)

No abstract provided.

Disturbed But Not Destroyed: New Perspectives On Urban Archaeology And Class In 19th Century Lowell, Massachusetts, Katelyn M. Coughlan

Graduate Masters Theses

Through the artifacts from the Jackson Appleton Middlesex Urban Revitalization and Devolvement Project (hereafter JAM) located in Lowell, MA, this research explores social class in nineteenth-century boardinghouses. This thesis is a two-part study. First, through statistical analysis, research recovers interpretable data from urban archaeological contexts subject to disturbance. Pinpointing intra-site similarities between artifacts recovered from intact and disturbed contexts, data show that artifacts recovered from disturbed and intact contexts in urban environments are not as dissimilar as previously believed. In the second phase using both intact and disturbed JAM contexts, the analysis of four boardinghouse features highlights two distinct patterns …

Final Rest At The Hilltop Sanctuary: The Community Of Mount Gilead Ame Church, Meagan M. Ratini

Graduate Masters Theses

The Mount Gilead AME (African Methodist Episcopal) Church, perched on a mountain in Buckingham, Pennsylvania, has been a focal point of African American heritage in the area for over a hundred and seventy-five years. Though the second church building, dated to 1852, is still standing with its cemetery beside it, very little about its history has been thoroughly explored. Oral histories link the church with the Underground Railroad, a highly clandestine operation--yet the church itself was built of stone and advertised its location during the height of the movement of self-emancipated people out of the South. While it is said …

Altered Lives, Altered Environments: Creating Home At Manzanar Relocation Center, 1942-1945, Laura W. Ng

Graduate Masters Theses

This thesis seeks to understand how individuals exiled from their homes due to racial prejudice cope with institutional confinement. Specifically, this study focuses on the World War II mass incarceration of individuals of Japanese ancestry living on the West Coast of the United States after Japan's attack on the American naval base Pearl Harbor. Under the guise of national security and without due process, the United States government forcibly removed over 110,000 Japanese Americans from their homes and imprisoned them in camps spread throughout the country. This thesis examines institutional confinement at one Japanese American carceral site: an incarceration camp …

From Horse To Electric Power At The Metropolitan Railroad Company Site: Archaeology And The Narrative Of Technological Change, Miles Shugar

Graduate Masters Theses

The Metropolitan Railroad Company Site in Roxbury (Boston), Massachusetts, was first excavated in the late 1970s by staff of the Museum of Afro American History. Researchers recovered nearly 20,000 artifacts related to the site's life as a horsecar street railway station and carriage manufacturer from 1860 to 1891, its subsequent conversion into an electric street railway until around 1920, and finally its modern use as an automobile garage. Using the framework of behavioral archaeology, this project uses GIS-based spatial methods and newly collected documentary evidence to reexamine the site's assemblage of horse accoutrements and carriage manufacturing byproducts. Artifact distribution maps …

African Immigrant Women In The United States: Perceptions On Female Circumcision And Policies That Outlaw The Practice, Lucinda M. Deason, Rosa M. Githiora

African Social Science Review

Harmful traditional practice, such as female circumcision (FC) performed on children causes minimal to severe health problems. FC violates the human and medical informed consent rights of female children. African immigrants from communities that practice FC are required to comply with policies that outlaw FC. The purpose of this study is twofold: 1) to gain an understanding of African immigrant women‟s views on FC and policies that outlaw the practice, and 2) to provide new insights and identify effective strategies for improving compliance with anti-FC laws. A phenomenological approach was deployed to gain an understanding of African immigrant women‟s perceptions …

Appalachia Population History Project Showcases Undergraduate Research, Sept. 30, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Studying Street Art Entrepreneurship: Methodology Of Ethnographic Field Research In The Experience Economy, Marta Połeć

European Management Studies

The article presents the methodology of ethnographic field research which the author used to study entrepreneurial aspects of Polish street artists’ activities. The presented ethnographic, started in 2012, was based mainly on interviews and participant observation. The activity of performers, mimes and musicians working in the street is regarded as an instance of experience economy. Artists earn money thanks to their handmade costumes and their invented creations, providing people with memories and experiences. This essay also presents some of the ethical dilemmas and methodological problems experienced by a novice ethnographer. The author describes her qualitative research in detail: preparations, enactment, …

Index, James Smith Allen

A Privileged Past

The Index is a venerable but still useful tool for the reader to navigate a long and detailed text like "A Privileged Past." There is no need to keyword search everything of interest or, much worse, to guess where in the work it can be found. It's all right here in alphabetical order. But some peculiarities of this traditional practice deserve mention.

Please note that cross-listings of items allow the reader to track one under another name or term, even though each item is generally listed as it first occurs in the text. Married women, for instance, appear under their …

100th Convocation 2014 Address - Amazing Mice Light Up The Liberal Arts, Marc Zimmer

Convocation Addresses

Connecticut College Professor of Chemistry Marc Zimmer states, "I like to think of our educational system as an intellectual maze. New students, you are standing at the entrance of this fantastic maze, a lush and verdant garden maze..."

He concludes: "We are all, faculty, students and staff tremendously privileged to be sitting here at the entrance of the amazing maze of learning."

The Genomic Architecture Of Population Divergence Between Subspecies Of The European Rabbit, Miguel Carneiro, Frank W. Albert, Sandra Afonso, Ricardo J. Pereira, Hernan Burbano, Rita Campos, Jose Melo-Ferreira, Jose A. Blanco-Aguiar, Rafael Villafuerte, Michael W. Nachman, Jeffrey M. Good, Nuno Ferrand

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The analysis of introgression of genomic regions between divergent populations provides an excellent opportunity to determine the genetic basis of reproductive isolation during the early stages of speciation. However, hybridization and subsequent gene flow must be relatively common in order to localize individual loci that resist introgression. In this study, we used next-generation sequencing to study genome-wide patterns of genetic differentiation between two hybridizing subspecies of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus algirus and O. c. cuniculus) that are known to undergo high rates of gene exchange. Our primary objective was to identify specific genes or genomic regions that have resisted …

Sense Of Place Speakers Series Starts This Fall, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

Whispers Of Hope: Urban Christ-Centered Education, Kristy A. Brown

Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects (Full IR Collection)

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the culture of an urban Christ-centered day school. the participants in the study included five administrators, fourteen teachers, five staff members, two board members, two donors, six parents, twelve students, and three alumni. The data collection process included 49 semi-structured interviews, 20 participant observations, and seven documents that were analyzed. By using a critical ethnographic lens, this study was able to identify how Freedom Academy integrated a Christian worldview, used the ethic of care, and implemented culturally relevant pedagogy into the curriculum. By combining these characteristics, Freedom Academy demonstrated their …

Montana Kaimin, August 28, 2014, Students Of The University Of Montana, Missoula

Montana Kaimin, 1898-present

Student newspaper of the University of Montana, Missoula.

"Once Both In And Out Of Time": Language, Storytelling, And Transformation, Monika Reis

The Assisi Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Feasting On Broken Glass: Making A Meal Of Seeds, Bones, And Sherds, Mary C. Beaudry

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Drawing on various lines of evidence that provide insight into late 18th- and early 19th-century episodes of dining at the Spencer-Peirce-Little Farm in Newbury, Massachusetts, I explore ways in which historical archaeologists can move from discussions of food and foodstuffs to explore menus, meals, and dining. I argue that by drawing together many lines of evidence—food remains such as bones, seeds, and shells; documentary sources; and ceramics, glassware, and utensils—archaeologists are able to “feast” upon the evidence and to go beyond merely reporting on what people ate in the past. They do so by exploring ways of interpreting food on …

Modeling Communities Through Food: Connecting The Daily Meal To The Construction Of Place And Identity, Karen Bescherer Metheny

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Foodways are an aspect of community building that find expression in the physical and cultural landscape. Using family reconstitution, food maps, and other archaeological and anthropological approaches to study foodways and commensality in the mining town of Helvetia, Pennsylvania (ca. 1891–1947), I lay out a program to reconstruct the spatial relationships associated with food procurement, preparation, and consumption in historic-period communities. Particular emphasis is placed on food sharing and shared food activities in the context of the daily meal. These reconstructed relationships or food connections reflect the varied networks and boundaries within the community, based on ethnicity, gender, age, sex, …

Applying Concepts From Historical Archaeology To New England's Nineteenth-Century Cookbooks, Anne Yentsch

Northeast Historical Archaeology

This article describes a study of New England cookbooks as a data source for historical archaeologists. The database for this research consisted of single-authored, first-edition cookbooks written by New England women between 1800 and 1900, together with a small set of community cookbooks and newspaper advertisements. The study was based on the belief that recipes are equivalent to artifact assemblages and can be analyzed using the archaeological methods of seriation, presence/absence, and chaîne opératoire. The goal was to see whether change through time could be traced within a region, and why change occurred; whether it was an archetypal shift in …

Decline In The Use And Production Of Red-Earthenware Cooking Vessels In The Northeast, 1780-1880, Meta F. Janowitz

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Ceramic collections from archaeological sites dating to and before the early 19th century are often dominated by red-earthenware vessels used in the foodways complex. By the late 19th century, redware vessels are much less common in New England and the Middle Atlantic region. This decline in the use and production of red earthenwares has many causes, including decreased costs of alternative materials (stoneware, refined earthenware, metal, and glass) and an awareness of the harmful effects of lead glazes, but the most important factor is the change in food-preparation technology from open-hearth to stove cooking.

Op-Ed: The Influence Of New Technologies, Foods, And Print Media On Local Material Culture Remains In Nineteenth-Century America, Marie-Lorraine Pipes, Meta F. Janowitz

Northeast Historical Archaeology

This opinion piece is a brief discussion of documentary and graphic sources, such as cookbooks, works of fiction, advertisements, and genre paintings, available to archaeologists for use in interpreting food-related artifacts and faunal materials from 19th-century domestic deposits. At that time American society experienced a surge in print and visual media that shaped the consumption and preparation of new foods. The scale of influence a particular form of media has on consumers varies in relation to the time sensitivity of the media.This article considers the range of sources that exist and suggest a comprehensive approach to the analysis of archaeological …

Consumerism And Control: Archaeological Perspectives On The Harvard College Buttery, Christina J. Hodge

Northeast Historical Archaeology

Harvard College in Cambridge, Massachusetts, offers a unique setting through which to explore cultural changes within 17th- and 18th-century America, including shifting foodways and consumerisms. Harvard’s early leaders constructed their collegiate community by controlling many aspects of scholars’ lives, including their eating, drinking, and purchasing practices. Between 1650 and 1800, the college operated the “Buttery,” a commissary where students supplemented meager institutional meals by purchasing snacks and sundries. As a marketplace, the buttery organized material practices of buying and selling as people and things flowed through it. Archaeological and documentary evidence reveals how college officials attempted to regulate, but lagged …

Historic Philadelphia Foodways: A Consideration Of Catfish Cookery, Teagan Schweitzer

Northeast Historical Archaeology

This article explores the consumption of catfish in the Philadelphia area during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Although not extremley popular in the region today, in the past this fish was an important part of the culinary landscape, in particular as part of a meal referred to as "catfish and waffles." Evidence from zooarchaeological and documentary research is used to justify this claim.