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2014

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Metabolic Engineering Of Oilseed Crops To Produce High Levels Of Novel Acetyl Glyceride Oils With Reduced Viscosity, Freezing Point And Calorific Value, Jinjie Liu, Adam Rice, Kathleen Mcglew, Vincent Shaw, Hyunwoo Park, Thomas E. Clemente, Mike Pollard, John Ohlrogge, Timothy P. Durrett Dec 2014

Metabolic Engineering Of Oilseed Crops To Produce High Levels Of Novel Acetyl Glyceride Oils With Reduced Viscosity, Freezing Point And Calorific Value, Jinjie Liu, Adam Rice, Kathleen Mcglew, Vincent Shaw, Hyunwoo Park, Thomas E. Clemente, Mike Pollard, John Ohlrogge, Timothy P. Durrett

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Seed oils have proved recalcitrant to modification for the production of industrially useful lipids. Here, we demonstrate the successful metabolic engineering and subsequent field production of an oilseed crop with the highest accumulation of unusual oil achieved so far in transgenic plants. Previously, expression of the Euonymus alatus diacylglycerol acetyltransferase (EaDAcT) gene in wild-type Arabidopsis seeds resulted in the accumulation of 45 mol% of unusual 3-acetyl-1,2- diacyl-sn-glycerols (acetyl-TAGs) in the seed oil (Durrett et al., 2010 PNAS 107:9464). Expression of EaDAcT in dgat1 mutants compromised in their ability to synthesize regular triacylglycerols increased acetyl-TAGs to 65 mol%. Camelina and soybean …

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Contributions To An Arthropod Inventory Of Santa Cruz Island, California, Ida Naughton, Michael S. Caterino, Cause Hanna, David Holway Dec 2014

Contributions To An Arthropod Inventory Of Santa Cruz Island, California, Ida Naughton, Michael S. Caterino, Cause Hanna, David Holway

Monographs of the Western North American Naturalist

Arthropods have been understudied on Santa Cruz Island, resulting in an incomplete understanding of these diverse and ecologically important members of island ecosystems. To enhance the current understanding of Santa Cruz Island biodiversity, we sampled arthropods in 2 native plant habitats: island scrub oak (Quercus pacifica) woodland and patches of island morning glory (Calystegia macrostegia ssp. macrostegia). We used 4 standardized sampling techniques to sample arthropods in 16 Q. pacifica woodland plots. We sampled arthropods associated with C. macrostegia by pan trapping within 1 m of blooming morning glory individuals. In total, we sampled over 18,000 …

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A Study Of Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticle Rf Heating In Gellan Gum Polymer Under Various Experimental Conditions For Potential Application In Drug Delivery, Gabriel Marcus Dec 2014

A Study Of Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticle Rf Heating In Gellan Gum Polymer Under Various Experimental Conditions For Potential Application In Drug Delivery, Gabriel Marcus

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have found use in a wide variety of biomedical applications including hyperthermia, imaging and drug delivery. Certain physical properties, such as the ability to generate heat in response to an alternating magnetic field, make these structures ideal for such purposes. This study's objective was to elucidate the mechanisms primarily responsible for RF MNP heating and determine how such processes affect polymer solutions that might be useful in drug delivery. 15-20 nm magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles at 0.2% and 0.5% concentrations were heated with RF fields of different strengths (200 Oe, 400 Oe and 600 …

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The Parthenon, December 3, 2014, Codi Mohr Dec 2014

The Parthenon, December 3, 2014, Codi Mohr

The Parthenon

The Parthenon, Marshall University’s student newspaper, is published by students Monday through Friday during the regular semester and weekly Thursday during the summer. The editorial staff is responsible for the news and the editorial content.

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Neuroprotective Effects Of Retinal Ganglion Cells By Specific Alpha 7 Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists And An Acetylcholineesterase Inhibitor, Sara Kaliszak Dec 2014

Neuroprotective Effects Of Retinal Ganglion Cells By Specific Alpha 7 Nicotine Acetylcholine Receptor Agonists And An Acetylcholineesterase Inhibitor, Sara Kaliszak

Honors Theses

In previous studies from this lab, an alpha7 nACh receptor was found to successfully modulate retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection against glutamate assault when bound to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, or if an alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine agonist, such as PNU-282987 was used in in vitro models (Wehrwein et al., 2004; Iwamoto et al., 2013). These in vitro studies support the hypothesis that activation of alpha7 nicotinic ACh receptors triggers neuroprotection against loss of retinal ganglion cells normally induced by excessive glutamate insult. The results from these in vitro studies instigated an in vivo study in our lab using a rat glaucoma model. …

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Mechanisms Of Infrared Neural Stimulation, Vicente Lumbreras Cruz Dec 2014

Mechanisms Of Infrared Neural Stimulation, Vicente Lumbreras Cruz

Open Access Dissertations

Cochlear implants are currently the most effective solution for profound sensorineural hearing loss, and vestibular prostheses are under development to treat bilateral vestibulopathies. Electrical current spread in these neuroprostheses limits channel independence, and in some cases may impair device performance. In comparison to conventional electrical stimulation, optical stimuli that are spatially confined may result in a significant functional improvement. Pulsed infrared radiation (IR) allows direct stimulation of tissue without genetic or pharmacological manipulation, and has been shown to excite neurons. This study analyzes if pulsed IR (λ = 1863 nm) elicits intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) transients in cultured neonatal rat spiral …

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The Native American Organic Garden: Using Service Learning As A Site Of Resistance To The Boarding School Tradition, Donna Chollett Dec 2014

The Native American Organic Garden: Using Service Learning As A Site Of Resistance To The Boarding School Tradition, Donna Chollett

Anthropology Publications

As educators, we owe it to our students to enable them to transgress structural impediments and to create sustainable alternatives from the margins of the industrial agro-food system. Policies of assimilation, allotment, and enclosure of the Native American commons and ecosystems brought devastation to Native cultures. Dependence on government commodities replaced Native food sovereignty and contributed to malnutrition, obesity, and diabetes as diets responded to corporately produced and processed foods. Young people often feel disempowered and ask how they might confront such formidable forces as corporate control of our agro-food system, destruction of natural resources, and threats to human health. …

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Over-Expression Of Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase In The Median Preoptic Nucleus Attenuates Chronic Angiotensin Ii-Induced Hypertension In The Rat., John P. Collister, Mitch Bellrichard, Donna Drebes, David Nahey, Jun Tian, Matthew C. Zimmerman Dec 2014

Over-Expression Of Copper/Zinc Superoxide Dismutase In The Median Preoptic Nucleus Attenuates Chronic Angiotensin Ii-Induced Hypertension In The Rat., John P. Collister, Mitch Bellrichard, Donna Drebes, David Nahey, Jun Tian, Matthew C. Zimmerman

Journal Articles: Cellular & Integrative Physiology

The brain senses circulating levels of angiotensin II (AngII) via circumventricular organs, such as the subfornical organ (SFO), and is thought to adjust sympathetic nervous system output accordingly via this neuro-hormonal communication. However, the cellular signaling mechanisms involved in these communications remain to be fully understood. Previous lesion studies of either the SFO, or the downstream median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) have shown a diminution of the hypertensive effects of chronic AngII, without providing a clear explanation as to the intracellular signaling pathway(s) involved. Additional studies have reported that over-expressing copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), an intracellular superoxide (O2·-) scavenging enzyme, in …

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Unopa Notes, Volume 53, Issue 5, December 2, 2014 Dec 2014

Unopa Notes, Volume 53, Issue 5, December 2, 2014

UNOPA: Newsletters

No abstract provided.

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The Effects Of Dietary Macronutrient Composition On Whole Body Insulin Sensitivity Through Modification Of Cellular Lipid Composition, Daniel J. Freidenreich Dec 2014

The Effects Of Dietary Macronutrient Composition On Whole Body Insulin Sensitivity Through Modification Of Cellular Lipid Composition, Daniel J. Freidenreich

Doctoral Dissertations

Individuals with metabolic syndrome (n = 15) were fed two hypocaloric diets, ~500 kcal below energy requirements, of individually prepared foods for 21 days. The diets consisted of a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) (% carbohydrate:fat:protein = 7:74:20) and a low-fat diet (LFD) (55:28:20) reflective of the current US dietary recommendations. The LCD diet resulted in a net weekly intake of 2.69 g of arachidonic acid (ARA) in comparison to the 1.27 g/wk consumed during the LFD. The LCD significantly increased plasma ARA and decreased dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) in all three circulating lipid fractions as well as buccal cells in comparison to …

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84% Of Vegetarians And Vegans Return To Meat. Why?, Harold Herzog Dec 2014

84% Of Vegetarians And Vegans Return To Meat. Why?, Harold Herzog

'Animals and Us' Blog Posts

Animal activists should emphasize reduction, not elimination, of eating meat.

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A Series Of Tubes, Timothy Concannon Dec 2014

A Series Of Tubes, Timothy Concannon

Honors Program Theses and Projects

No abstract provided.

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2014 Fall Engr333 Student Seminar Presentation, John Sherwood, Jonathan Crow, Nicolaas Ourensma, Zak Devries, Andy Frandsen, Jack Kregel, Ryan Rhodes, Connor Vandongen, Schieffer Kwong, Jee Myung Kim, Matthew Deyoung, Jeff Demaagd, Tyler Devries, Doug Faber, Garrick Hershberger, Jake Derooy, Dustin Brouwer, David Evenhouse, Patrick Anderson, Thomas Brown, Ed Smit, Joel Smith, Thane Symens, Kaitlyn Weinstein, Seth Koetje, Nick Memmelaar, Austin Juza, Matt Ramaker, Ryan Demeester, Jordan Newhof, Wes Richards, Josh Vanderbyl Dec 2014

2014 Fall Engr333 Student Seminar Presentation, John Sherwood, Jonathan Crow, Nicolaas Ourensma, Zak Devries, Andy Frandsen, Jack Kregel, Ryan Rhodes, Connor Vandongen, Schieffer Kwong, Jee Myung Kim, Matthew Deyoung, Jeff Demaagd, Tyler Devries, Doug Faber, Garrick Hershberger, Jake Derooy, Dustin Brouwer, David Evenhouse, Patrick Anderson, Thomas Brown, Ed Smit, Joel Smith, Thane Symens, Kaitlyn Weinstein, Seth Koetje, Nick Memmelaar, Austin Juza, Matt Ramaker, Ryan Demeester, Jordan Newhof, Wes Richards, Josh Vanderbyl

ENGR 333

File for student presentation, given by students in the Fall 2014 class of ENGR333.

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The Legacy, December 2, 2014, Lindenwood University Dec 2014

The Legacy, December 2, 2014, Lindenwood University

The Legacy (2007-2018)

Student Newspaper of Lindenwood University

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The Tiger Vol. 108 Issue 42 2014-12-02, Clemson University Dec 2014

The Tiger Vol. 108 Issue 42 2014-12-02, Clemson University

Tiger Newspapers

No abstract provided.

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Cloning And Characterization Of Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase Gene Involved In Triterpenoids Biosynthesis From Poria Cocos, Jianrong Wang, Yangyuan Li, Danni Liu Dec 2014

Cloning And Characterization Of Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthase Gene Involved In Triterpenoids Biosynthesis From Poria Cocos, Jianrong Wang, Yangyuan Li, Danni Liu

Biomedical Engineering and Sciences Faculty Publications

Poria cocos (P. cocos) has long been used as traditional Chinese medicine and triterpenoids are the most important pharmacologically active constituents of this fungus. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPS) is a key enzyme of triterpenoids biosynthesis. The gene encoding FPS was cloned from P. cocos by degenerate PCR, inverse PCR and cassette PCR. The open reading frame of the gene is 1086 bp in length, corresponding to a predicted polypeptide of 361 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 41.2 kDa. Comparison of the P. cocos FPS deduced amino acid sequence with other species showed the highest identity with Ganoderma …

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The Utah Statesman, December 2, 2014, Utah State University Dec 2014

The Utah Statesman, December 2, 2014, Utah State University

The Utah Statesman

Weekly student newspaper of Utah State University in Logan.

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The New Hampshire, Vol. 104 [105], No. 21 (Dec. 2, 2014), The New Hampshire Dec 2014

The New Hampshire, Vol. 104 [105], No. 21 (Dec. 2, 2014), The New Hampshire

The New Hampshire Print Edition

An independent student produced newspaper from the University of New Hampshire. This volume was printed as 104, but it is the 105th volume in the series. This was corrected in pencil.

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Wellness And Food Preferences Among Children Of Latino Immigrant Families In The Arcadia Community Of Spartanburg County, Sarah Grace Keaveny Dec 2014

Wellness And Food Preferences Among Children Of Latino Immigrant Families In The Arcadia Community Of Spartanburg County, Sarah Grace Keaveny

Student Scholarship

The topic of this capstone is the result of my synthesis across disciplines. As a student with majors in Biology and Spanish with a concentration in Medical Humanities, I wanted to research a topic that would include my disciplines in a way that would meaningfully prepare me to leave my undergraduate years for medical school. This project seeks to generate an understanding of the culturally created eating habits and perceptions of wellness in Latino children living in the Arcadia Community, as told by their mothers. By seeking this understanding, I hope that this project may serve as a tool to …

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Daily Eastern News: December 02, 2014, Eastern Illinois University Dec 2014

Daily Eastern News: December 02, 2014, Eastern Illinois University

December

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Macroscopic Heterogeneity On Cardiac Propagation And Termination Of Reentry, Deepika Konakanchi Dec 2014

Effects Of Macroscopic Heterogeneity On Cardiac Propagation And Termination Of Reentry, Deepika Konakanchi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is believed to be a result of uncontrolled and sustained spiral wave reentries. Few recent studies have discussed the effects of the heterogeneous nature of atrial tissue at cellular and microscopic levels, on the electrical activity of the heart and defibrillation of AF; however, the effect of macroscopic patches of heterogeneity in the size ranges 3-8 mm has not been studied. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of macroscopic patches of heterogeneity on cardiac propagation and termination of reentry in a computationally inexpensive, 2D bidomain model of a sheet of cardiac tissue. Tissue …

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Applying A Behavioral Economic Framework To The Gambling Behavior Of College Students, Matthew Thomas Suda Dec 2014

Applying A Behavioral Economic Framework To The Gambling Behavior Of College Students, Matthew Thomas Suda

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Behavioral economic theory conceptualizes human behavior as the result of allocating behavioral resources to engage in preferred activities. This framework has been applied sparingly to gambling behavior. The present study sought to reveal the important behavioral economic construct of relative reinforcing value for the activity of gambling by manipulating the value of an alternative reinforcer as well as constraining it’s availability in a sample of college students, a population that consistently shows elevated rates of gambling as well as problematic gambling behaviors. Analyses did not support the hypotheses, as gambling’s reinforcing value was not demonstrated by the experimental manipulations. Implications …

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Role Of Tissue Factor In Mycobacterium Tuberculosis-Induced Inflammation And Disease Pathogenesis, Hema Kothari, Shiva Keshava, Rit Vatsyayan, Nigel Mackman, L. Vijaya Mohan Rao, Usha R. Pendurthi Dec 2014

Role Of Tissue Factor In Mycobacterium Tuberculosis-Induced Inflammation And Disease Pathogenesis, Hema Kothari, Shiva Keshava, Rit Vatsyayan, Nigel Mackman, L. Vijaya Mohan Rao, Usha R. Pendurthi

Cellular and Molecular Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic lung infectious disease characterized by severe inflammation and lung granulomatous lesion formation. Clinical manifestations of TB include hypercoagulable states and thrombotic complications. We previously showed that Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection induces tissue factor (TF) expression in macrophages in vitro. TF plays a key role in coagulation and inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the role of TF in M.tb-induced inflammatory responses, mycobacterial growth in the lung and dissemination to other organs. Wild-type C57BL/6 and transgenic mice expressing human TF, either very low levels (low TF) or near to the level of wild-type (HTF), in …

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Analysis Of Clock-Regulated Genes In Neurospora Reveals Widespread Posttranscriptional Control Of Metabolic Potential, Jennifer M. M. Hurley, Arko Dasgupta, Jillian M. Emerson, Xiaoying Zhou, Carol S. Ringelberg, Nicole Knabe Dec 2014

Analysis Of Clock-Regulated Genes In Neurospora Reveals Widespread Posttranscriptional Control Of Metabolic Potential, Jennifer M. M. Hurley, Arko Dasgupta, Jillian M. Emerson, Xiaoying Zhou, Carol S. Ringelberg, Nicole Knabe

Dartmouth Scholarship

Neurospora crassa has been for decades a principal model for filamentous fungal genetics and physiology as well as for understanding the mechanism of circadian clocks. Eukaryotic fungal and animal clocks comprise transcription-translation-based feedback loops that control rhythmic transcription of a substantial fraction of these transcriptomes, yielding the changes in protein abundance that mediate circadian regulation of physiology and metabolism: Understanding circadian control of gene expression is key to understanding eukaryotic, including fungal, physiology. Indeed, the isolation of clock-controlled genes (ccgs) was pioneered in Neurospora where circadian output begins with binding of the core circadian transcription factor WCC to a subset …

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Syndecan 4 Is Required For Endothelial Alignment In Flow And Atheroprotective Signaling, Nicolas Baeyens, Mary Jo Mulligan-Kehoe, Federico Corti, David D. Simon, Tyler D. Ross, John M. Rhodes, Thomas Z. Wang Dec 2014

Syndecan 4 Is Required For Endothelial Alignment In Flow And Atheroprotective Signaling, Nicolas Baeyens, Mary Jo Mulligan-Kehoe, Federico Corti, David D. Simon, Tyler D. Ross, John M. Rhodes, Thomas Z. Wang

Dartmouth Scholarship

Atherosclerotic plaque localization correlates with regions of disturbed flow in which endothelial cells (ECs) align poorly, whereas sustained laminar flow correlates with cell alignment in the direction of flow and resistance to atherosclerosis. We now report that in hypercholesterolemic mice, deletion of syndecan 4 (S4−/−) drastically increased atherosclerotic plaque burden with the appearance of plaque in normally resistant locations. Strikingly, ECs from the thoracic aortas of S4−/− mice were poorly aligned in the direction of the flow. Depletion of S4 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using shRNA also inhibited flow-induced alignment in vitro, which was rescued by re-expression …

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Food And Identity Formation Among Jain Laywomen, Kristin Mcconnell Dec 2014

Food And Identity Formation Among Jain Laywomen, Kristin Mcconnell

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

The Jains are a small but influential minority community in India. Their religion is structured around the concept of ahimsa, the strict adherence to nonviolence in one’s every under taking. The ideal Jain diet does the least amount of harm to both oneself and one’s environment, including plants and microscopic organisms. Many foods — including meat, honey, alcohol, and underground vegetables — are forbidden. While Jain philosophy is adamant about avoiding foods that are obtained through violence, it says little about the perspectives and lifestyles of those most often charged with maintaining this diet: Jain laywomen. Because these women are …

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Binoculars: Management Strategies In Film, Kamryn Fall Dec 2014

Binoculars: Management Strategies In Film, Kamryn Fall

Liberal Arts and Engineering Studies

No abstract provided.

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Agricultural Experiences And Factors Of Undergraduates Who Enroll In A College Of Agriculture, Benjamin G. Swan, Ann M. De Lay Dec 2014

Agricultural Experiences And Factors Of Undergraduates Who Enroll In A College Of Agriculture, Benjamin G. Swan, Ann M. De Lay

Agricultural Education and Communication

Industry partners and College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences (CAFES) faculty have observed students entering the college possessed fewer agriculture experiences and skills than their predecessors. They have also lamented the increasing pressure to develop industry-ready students, when the gaps are ever wider between their experience and skills entering college and what are required upon graduation. During the 2011 spring quarter, all CAFES students (N = 3,366) were sent an electronic survey that resulted in 911 responses (27% response rate). Three quarters of the students were female and one third were seniors. Prior to enrolling at the university, 34% …

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Biomass Burning Fuel Consumption Rates: A Field Measurement Database, T. T. Van Leeuwen, G. R. Van Der Werf, A. A. Hoffmann, R. G. Detmers, G. Rücker, Nancy H. F. French, S. Archibald, J. A. Carvalho Jr, G. D. Cook, William J. De Groot, C. Hély, Eric S. Kasischke, S. Kloster, Jessica Mccarty, M. L. Pettinari, P. Savadogo, E. C. Alvarado, L. Boschetti, S. Manuri, C. P. Meyer, F. Siegert, L. A. Trollope, W. S. W. Trollope Dec 2014

Biomass Burning Fuel Consumption Rates: A Field Measurement Database, T. T. Van Leeuwen, G. R. Van Der Werf, A. A. Hoffmann, R. G. Detmers, G. Rücker, Nancy H. F. French, S. Archibald, J. A. Carvalho Jr, G. D. Cook, William J. De Groot, C. Hély, Eric S. Kasischke, S. Kloster, Jessica Mccarty, M. L. Pettinari, P. Savadogo, E. C. Alvarado, L. Boschetti, S. Manuri, C. P. Meyer, F. Siegert, L. A. Trollope, W. S. W. Trollope

Michigan Tech Research Institute Publications

Landscape fires show large variability in the amount of biomass or fuel consumed per unit area burned. Fuel consumption (FC) depends on the biomass available to burn and the fraction of the biomass that is actually combusted, and can be combined with estimates of area burned to assess emissions. While burned area can be detected from space and estimates are becoming more reliable due to improved algorithms and sensors, FC is usually modeled or taken selectively from the literature. We compiled the peer-reviewed literature on FC for various biomes and fuel categories to understand FC and its variability better, and …

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Supply Chain Management And Investment Risk, Claude Chereau Dec 2014

Supply Chain Management And Investment Risk, Claude Chereau

Economics & Business Analytics Faculty Publications

We use a behaviorally motivated risk-return optimization framework to shed light on the important link between global supply chain management and investors’ risk-return choice. By improving the transparency and sustainability of the global supply chain, firms can reduce the probability of extreme losses, thus increasing investors’ expected utility and asset valuations. In order to effectively address the growing risks firms face in their global supply chains, systemic change is required. Managers can facilitate this change by increasing transparency and sustainability of their supply chains, especially in the area of carbon emissions reduction.We outline existing programs and tools that are leading …

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