Digital Commons Network^™

The Clinical And Public Health Problem Of Relapse Despite Primaquine Therapy: Case Review Of Repeated Relapses Of Plasmodium Vivax Acquired In Papua New Guinea, R. Joan H. Ingram, Chelzie Crenna-Darusallam, Saraswati Soebianto, Rintis Noviyanti, J. Kevin Baird

United States Public Health Resources

Background: Primaquine is the only drug available for preventing relapse following a primary attack by Plasmodium vivax malaria. This drug imposes several important problems: daily dosing over two weeks; toxicity in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency; partner blood schizontocides possibly impacting primaquine safety and efficacy; cytochrome P-450 abnormalities impairing metabolism and therapeutic activity; and some strains of parasite may be tolerant or resistant to primaquine. There are many possible causes of repeated relapses in a patient treated with primaquine.

Case description: A 56-year-old Caucasian woman from New Zealand traveled to New Ireland, Papua New Guinea for two months in …

Defining The Geographical Range Of The Plasmodium Knowlesi Reservoir, Catherine L. Moyes, Andrew J. Henry, Nick Golding, Zhi Huang, Balbir Singh, J. Kevin Baird, Paul N. Newton, Michael Huffman, Kirsten A. Duda, Chris J. Drakeley, Iqbal R.F. Elyazar, Nicholas M. Anstey, Qijun Chen, Zinta Zommers, Samir Bhatt, Peter W. Gething, Simon I. Hay

United States Public Health Resources

Background: The simian malaria parasite, Plasmodium knowlesi, can cause severe and fatal disease in humans yet it is rarely included in routine public health reporting systems for malaria and its geographical range is largely unknown. Because malaria caused by P. knowlesi is a truly neglected tropical disease, there are substantial obstacles to defining the geographical extent and risk of this disease. Information is required on the occurrence of human cases in different locations, on which non-human primates host this parasite and on which vectors are able to transmit it to humans. We undertook a systematic review and ranked the …

Impaired Hcv Clearance In Hiv/Hcv Coinfected Subjects Treated With Pegifn And Rbv Due To Interference Of Ifn Signaling By Ifnαr2a, Yu Jin Lee, Xiaozhen Zhang, Estefania Vazquez, Gayathri Shivasabesan, Howard A. Young, Alison Murphy, Honghui Wang, Anthony F. Suffredini, Ulrich Siebenlist, Shyam Kottilil

United States Public Health Resources

Enhanced endogenous interferon (IFN) stimulated gene (ISG) signature has been associated with nonresponsiveness to hepatitis C treatment using pegylated-IFNα (pegIFNα) and ribavirin (RBV) in human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) coinfected patients. Using a proteomic approach, we identified high levels of IFNα receptor 2a (IFNαR2a) in the serum of null responders to pegIFNα/RBV. IFNαR2a inhibited antiviral activity of all formulations of IFNα in JFH/Huh7.5 cells. Furthermore, serum from null responders, but not from those who achieved sustained virologic response, suppressed IFN-signaling and ISG expression in IFNα-stimulated PBMCs of healthy donors in an IFNαR2a specific fashion. An IFNαR2a transgenic mice model …

Rapid Detection Of Shigella And Enteroinvasive Escherichia Coli In Produce Enrichments By A Conventional Multiplex Pcr Assay, Rachel Binet, Deanne M. Deer, Samantha J. Uhlfelder

United States Public Health Resources

Faster detection of contaminated foods can prevent adulterated foods from being consumed and minimize the risk of an outbreak of foodborne illness. A sensitive molecular detection method is especially important for Shigella because ingestion of as few as 10 of these bacterial pathogens can cause disease. The objectives of this study were to compare the ability of four DNA extraction methods to detect Shigella in six types of produce, post-enrichment, and to evaluate a new and rapid conventional multiplex assay that targets the Shigella ipaH, virB and mxiC virulence genes. This assay can detect less than two Shigella cells …

Aflatoxin M1 And Ochratoxin A In Human Milk In Ribeirão Preto-Sp, Brazil, Maria Helena Iha, Cynara Baltazar Barbosa, Anália Ribeiro Heck, Mary W. Trucksess

United States Public Health Resources

The objective of this study was to determine the extent of aflatoxin M₁ (AFM₁) and ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination in human breast milk in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil. During 2012, 100 samples of human milk were collected at the local Human Milk Bank. The method comprised, immunoaffinity column purification and isolation, liquid chromatography separation and fluorescence detection. The average percentage recoveries of AFM₁ and OTA spiked at 20 and 50 ng/L in control human milk were 78.1 ± 11.7% and 73.7 ± 9.6%, respectively. The average relative standard deviations of AFM …

Isolation And Molecular Characterization Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis From Poultry House And Clinical Samples During 2010, Ezat H. Mezal, Ashley Sabol, Mariam A. Khan, Nawab Ali, Rossina Stefanova, Ashraf A. Khan

United States Public Health Resources

A total of 60 Salmonella enterica serovar (ser.) Enteritidis isolates, 28 from poultry houses and 32 from clinical samples, were isolated during 2010. These isolates were subjected to testing and analyzed for antibiotic resistance, virulence genes, plasmids and plasmid replicon types. To assess genetic diversity, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) fingerprinting, using the XbaI restriction enzyme, Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA) and plasmid profiles were performed. All isolates from poultry, and 10 out of 32 clinical isolates were sensitive to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, sulfisoxazole, streptomycin, and tetracycline. Twenty-one of thirty-two clinical isolates were resistant to ampicillin and …

Molecular Characterization Of Antibiotic Resistant Salmonella Typhimurium And Salmonella Kentucky Isolated From Pre- And Post-Chill Whole Broilers Carcasses, Tagelsir Mohamed, Shaohua Zhao, David G. White, Salina Parveen

United States Public Health Resources

There is conflicting data regarding whether commercial chilling has any effect on persistence of Salmonella serovars, including antibiotic resistant variants, on chicken carcasses. A total of 309 Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Kentucky isolates recovered from pre- and post-chill whole broiler carcasses were characterized for genetic relatedness using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and for the presence of virulence factors (invA, pagC, spvC) by PCR and for aerobactin and colicin production by bioassays. A subset of these isolates (n = 218) displaying resistance to either sulfisoxazole and/or ceftiofur [S. Typhimurium (n = 66) and …

Detection Of Five Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia Coli Genes With Multiplex Pcr, Insook Son, Rachel Binet, Anna Maounounen-Laasri, Andrew Lin, Thomas S. Hammack, Julie A. Kase

United States Public Health Resources

Escherichia coli serogroup O157 is the pathogen most commonly associated with foodborne disease outbreaks, but epidemiological studies suggest that non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) is a major player as well. The ten most clinically relevant STECs belong to serogroups O26, O103, O111, O145, O157, O91, O113, O128, O45, and O121; but emerging strains, such as O104:H4 that was identified with the 2011 German outbreak, could become more prevalent in the future. A 75-min conventional multiplex PCR assay, IS-5P, targeting the four virulence factors stx1, stx2, eae, and ehxA plus the O157:H7- specific +93 uidA single nucleotide …

Type I Interferon Responses In Rhesus Macaques Prevent Siv Infection And Slow Disease Progression, Netanya G. Sandler, Steven E. Bosinger, Jacob D. Estes, Richard T. R. Zhu, Gregory K. Tharp, Eli Boritz, Doron Levin, Sathi Wijeyesinghe, Krystelle Nganou Makamdop, Gregory D. Del Prete, Brenna J. Hill, J. Katherina Timmer, Emma Reiss, Ganit Yarden, Samuel Darko, Eduardo Contijoch, John Paul Todd, Guido Silvestri, Martha Nason, Robert B. Norgren Jr., Brandon F. Keele, Srinivas Rao, Jerome A. Langer, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Gideon Schreiber, Daniel C. Douek

United States Public Health Resources

Inflammation in HIV infection is predictive of non-AIDSmorbidity and death¹, higher set point plasma virus load² and virus acquisition³; thus, therapeutic agents are in development to reduce its causes and consequences. However, inflammation may simultaneously confer both detrimental and beneficial effects. This dichotomy is particularly applicable to type I interferons (IFN-I) which, while contributing to innate control of infection^4–10, also provide target cells for the virus during acute infection, impairCD4T-cell recovery, and are associated with disease progression^6,7,11–19.Herewe manipulated IFN-I signalling in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) during simian immunodeficiency virus …

Antifibrotic Therapy In Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Preserves Cd4+ T-Cell Populations And Improves Immune Reconstitution With Antiretroviral Therapy, Jacob D. Estes, Cavan Reilly, Charles M. Trubey, Courtney V. Fletcher, Theodore J. Cory, Michael Piatak Jr., Samuel Russ, Jodi Anderson, Thomas G. Reimann, Robert Star, Anthony Smith, Russell P. Tracy, Anna Berglund, Thomas Schmidt, Vicky Coalter, Elena Chertova, Jeremy Smedley, Ashley T. Haase, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Timothy W. Schacker

United States Public Health Resources

Even with prolonged antiretroviral therapy (ART), many human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals have CD4⁺ T cells/μL, and CD4⁺ T cells in lymphoid tissues remain severely depleted, due in part to fibrosis of the paracortical T-cell zone (TZ) that impairs homeostatic mechanisms required for T-cell survival.We therefore used antifibrotic therapy in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques to determine whether decreased TZ fibrosis would improve reconstitution of peripheral and lymphoid CD4⁺ T cells. Treatment with the antifibrotic drug pirfenidone preserved TZ architecture and was associated with significantly larger populations of CD4⁺ T cells in peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues. …

Enst 430.01: Culture And Agriculture, Joshua H. Slotnick

University of Montana Course Syllabi

No abstract provided.

Suffolk Alumni Magazine, Winter 2014, Suffolk University

Suffolk University Magazine

No abstract provided.

Suffolk Alumni Magazine, Spring/Summer 2014, Suffolk University

Suffolk University Magazine

No abstract provided.

Injury Risk Assessment For Supervised Agricultural Experiences (Saes) Informational Packet, Michael Pate, Rebecca Lawver

Applied Sciences, Technology and Education Faculty Publications

This instructional packet is designed to serve as a reference for individuals involved with students' production based SAEs to use while evaluating worksites and assessing the risks associated with those worksites.

Her Familiars, Eric Bilman

Birmingham Poetry Review

pp. 182-185

Synthesizing Data And Models For The Spread Of Mers-Cov, 2013: Key Role Of Index Cases And Hospital Transmission, Gerardo Chowell, Seth Blumberg, Lone Simonsen, Mark A. Miller, Cecile Viboud

Global Health Faculty Publications

The outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) has caused 209 deaths and 699 laboratory-confirmed cases in the Arabian Peninsula as of June 11, 2014. Preparedness efforts are hampered by considerable uncertainty about the nature and intensity of human-to-human transmission, with previous reproduction number estimates ranging from 0.4 to 1.5. Here we synthesize epidemiological data and transmission models for the MERS-CoV outbreak during April–October 2013 to resolve uncertainties in epidemic risk, while considering the impact of observation bias. We match the progression of MERS-CoV cases in 2013 to a dynamic transmission model that incorporates community and hospital compartments, and …

Changing Body Condition In Walleye With Reference To Ideal Sample Size Requirements, Kevin Longtin

Journal of Earth and Life Science

The objective of this study was to determine if walleye Sander vitreus percent dry weight, a measure of condition, differed among summer months of 2014 on Maple Lake, Minnesota. A second objective was to determine if there was a relationship between condition and body temperature, total length, or wet weight. Between three and six walleyes were collected per month by hook and line methods. All fish had internal body temperatures taken at the time of capture and were oven dried in the laboratory at 80 °C in order to measure percent dry weight. There was no relationship between condition and …

The K- 12 Experiences Of African American Criminal Offenders, Ashley P. Booker

Theses and Graduate Projects

This qualitative study explores some of the most persistent and significant racial gaps in our society today, focusing on the intersections of race, academic achievement, and criminal incarceration via an analysis of the K- 12 experiences of African American criminal offenders. The purpose of this research is to gain additional knowledge and insight about the racial disparities that persist in academic achievement and punitive methods of social control, hopefully contributing to the ongoing discussion of the ways in which to improve teacher practices and develop strategies for effectively engaging African American males in the classroom. There were three participants in …

Empowering Home Care Nurses To Begin End-Of-Life Conversations, Angela Oujiri

Theses and Graduate Projects

In the United States, some people find the discussion of death and dying a difficult topic to discuss. This difficulty has often delayed conversations about goals and wishes until very late in the healthcare journey. Delays come with a significant cost to both patients and the entire healthcare system. Palliative care is a special type of care meant to provide an extra layer of support to patients and families who are living with serious illness; however, the practice of such care encounters has many challenges for patients, families, physicians, and nurses. Home care nurses are instrumental in the delivery of …

Healthy Choice, Healthy Life, Dawn M. Sanderman

Theses and Graduate Projects

According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, unhealthy eating and inactivity cause any where from 310,000 to 580,000 deaths every year. How and what a child eats today will have a significant impact on his/her health throughout adolescence and adulthood. Consuming nutritious foods helps children grow, develop, do well academically and also prevents health issues, such as obesity, Type 2 diabetes, nutrient deficiencies and poor bone health. A project to empower middle school children to make healthy food choices was designed. An after school educational “Health Fair” was created using the theoretical framework of Watson’s Theory of …

Fresh Perspectives On Social-Emotional Learning: Implications For General Education, Lindsey Sanders

Theses and Graduate Projects

Students benefit academically and socially from receiving high quality social emotional instruction in their general education classrooms. Teachers are confronted daily with the responsibility of providing social emotional learning opportunities for students with a wide range of needs. New teachers are still learning how to manage their classrooms, develop riruals and routines, provide effective academic instruction and diversify their instruction to meet the needs of their learners, all while providing proactive social emotional learning opportunities for students. Through qualitative methods, this sfudy examines the experiences new teachers had supporting their students' social emotional learning along with their many other responsibilities. …

The New Kindergarten: Developmentally Appropriate Practice And Academic Rigor, Rebecca Marshall

Theses and Graduate Projects

Kindergarten has changed drastically since it was introduced to the United States in the 1850s. Recent changes in curriculum and government involvement in educational policy such as the No Child Left Behind Act lead to increased rigor in Kindergarten classrooms. Among other curricular expectations, Kindergarteners are expected to be strong readers at the end of the year. In order to determine how teachers perceive these changes and how they affect their classrooms, 91 teachers were surveyed from across the state of Minnesota. Teachers were asked about the basic demographics and structure of their classroom as well as their familiarity with …

The Effectiveness Of Video Modeling In Teaching Positive Social Behavior To Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Kellie Cleary

Theses and Graduate Projects

This srudy investigated the cffectiveness of using a video modeling teaching strategy coupled with guided practice lesson to teach students on the autism spectrum (ASD) functional social skills. Four students and their parents or guardians elected to participate in this study. Interviews with parents or guardians were conducted to determine student's level of performance in l3 social areas. Sfudents then participated in social instruction using video modeling, particularly using to video "Fitting in and Having Fun", as a key strategy. Video modeling is a teaching strategy that involves watching a video that models a desired behavior then practicing the desired …

2014 Intersession Catalog, Illinois Mathematics And Science Academy

Intersession Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Balancing Preservation And Promotion Of Natural Resources: A Case Study Of Newaygo County, Michigan, Jeffrey Koch

Student Research – Stevenson Center

Natural resource management (NRM) involves a multitude of levels and interests. Options for sustainable management must involve all stakeholders and balance levels of decision-makers, whether local, regional, or national. No one-size-fits-all approach applies to NRM; instead, co-management of resources and multi-stakeholder collaborations assist in achieving sustainable solutions, given the multiple interest groups involved in the commons. Through good governance, flexibility to change, and community engagement efforts, NRM has a better chance for success and sustainability.

Clearly, natural resources cross governmental boundaries and jurisdictions, and NRM strategies must compensate for this dynamic. The region of West Michigan contains a wealth of …

Red Note New Music Festival Program, 2014, School Of Music

Red Note New Music Festival

The RED NOTE New Music Festival at Illinois State University is a week-long event which features outstanding performances of contemporary concert music.

Weighing Constitutional Anchors: New York Times Co. V. Sullivan And The Misdirection Of First Amendment Doctrine, Ronald A. Cass

First Amendment Law Review

No abstract provided.

University Of Malaya Research Bulletin, Volume 1, 2014, Institute Of Research Management & Monitoring University Of Malaya

Archival Material (2010s)

Previously known as IPPP UM Research Bulletin

Buletin Pusat Dialog Peradaban Universiti Malaya, Volume 26, 2014, Centre For Civilisational Dialogue University Of Malaya

Archival Material (2010s)

No abstract provided.

Bulletin Of The Museum Of Zoology, Volume 2, Issue 3, 2014, Faculty Of Science University Of Malaya

Archival Material (2010s)

No abstract provided.