Digital Commons Network^™

Combustion Properties Of Medium-Density Fiberboards Coated By A Mixture Of Calcite And Various Fire Retardants, Abdullah İstek, Deni̇z Aydemi̇r, Hüdaverdi̇ Eroğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, we investigated the effect of fire retardants (FRs) on the combustion performance of medium-density fiber boards (MDFs) that were coated with mixtures of water, binder, calcite, and various FRs (FR coatings). We used MDF panels, calcite as the coating pigment, melamine formaldehyde as the binder, and FRs, including borax (BX), boric acid (BA), and zinc borate (ZB), to investigate the effects on the properties of the test boards. According to the results of combustion properties of coated MDFs with FR coatings, BA presented the highest stability, followed by BX and ZB, respectively. It was also found that …

Leading Through Change: A Study Of The Role Of Central Office Leadership In The Process Of Secondary Change, Dirk A. Halupnik

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to more fully understand the actions of district level leaders in a major change effort and their effects on the change process. Furthermore this study aimed to provide additional information about the factors that school district central office administrators confront when making the decision to add another high school and the actions taken by these administrators to lead the district through this process so that other school districts and leaders may learn from this. The methodology for this study was a qualitative case study approach in which central office leaders in a district that …

Physicochemical And Sensory Properties Of Mulberry Products: Gümüşhane Pestil And Köme, Oktay Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

'Pestil' and 'köme', well known as traditional Turkish foods, are prepared from a mulberry, honey, walnut, hazelnut, and flour mixture. Although they have been produced for the last few decades on an industrial scale, the production methods and properties of the products are not standardized yet. Gümüşhane pestil and köme have been registered and attained Geographical Registration Certificates from the Turkish Patent Institute with their unique production methods and properties, among many similar products in the world markets. Thus, some biochemical, physical, and sensory properties of pestil and köme were investigated. In addition, the main raw material (mulberry) and semifinished …

Sustainable Approach To Produce Bioethanol From Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata) Oilseed Residue, Pooja Doshi, Gopal Srivastava

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Agricultural biomass is the world's largest, most sustainable, and most promising renewable energy source. This study investigated the potential of Karanja (Pongamia pinnata) oilseed residual waste (defatted kernel, hull, and their mixture) as a source of ethanol. The pretreatment of the finely ground samples was carried out using dilute sulfuric acid (0.5%) hydrolysis at a higher temperature of 121 °C and 15 psi pressure for 90 min. The pretreatment usually removes the lignin and facilitates the hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicelluloses. They were further hydrolyzed using 5% H_2SO_4 at 50 °C for 70 h. The analyses of hydrolyzed products have …

Overachiever's Guide To Getting Unstuck : Replan, Reprioritize, Reaffirm, William L. Reeb

Guides, Handbooks and Manuals

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Electron Beam Irradiation On Β-Glucan Content, X-Ray Diffraction Of Starch, Protein Subunit Patterns, And In Vivo Digestibility Of Barley Grain In Cockerels, Parvin Shawrang, Ali Asghar Sadeghi, Behnam Ghorbani

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of electron beam radiation on the chemical composition, the \beta-glucan content, the water extract viscosity, the crystallinity of starch, the patterns of protein subunits, and the in vivo digestibility of barley grain. Barley samples were irradiated at doses of 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 kGy under the electron beam. In a completely randomized design, cockerels were fed raw or irradiated samples to determine the digestibility of crude protein and gross energy. Irradiation had no effect on the total contents of protein, starch, and \beta-glucan. At doses of 10, 15, 20, …

A New Model For Partial Immobilization Of Rat Hind Limb After Achilles Tendon Excision/Reinterposition, Cansin Güngörmüş, Mehmet Alper Çeti̇nkaya, Alper Demi̇rutku

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

There have been several attempts to repair the Achilles tendon by surgery or replacement with graft materials. Because tissue repair is a complex process, tendon healing occurs slowly. In rats, immobilization of the limb is essential during recovery. There are immobilization methods such as plaster or fiber casting. According to prolonged recovery, most of the procedures cause skin ulceration, decrease in weight, restrictions in checking the surgery area, and slipping out of the cast. Our aim was to apply a suture around the defect for immobilization. Tendons of 30 male Wistar rats (250 ± 50 g and aged 8 ± …

Microbiological And Parasitological Quality Of Honey Produced In İstanbul, Emek Dümen, Hayretti̇n Akkaya, Gülay Merve Öz, Funda Hati̇ce Sezgi̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, 500 honey samples (with combs) were collected directly from the hives in various parts of İstanbul. The presence and the interactions of different microbiological and parasitological parameters (coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Ascosphaera apis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Paenibacillus larvae, Melissococcus pluton, and Nosema spp.) were investigated. According to the results, 80 samples (16%) tested positive for coliforms, 18 samples (3.6%) for E. coli, 67 samples (13.4%) for S. aureus, 51 samples (10.2%) for A. apis, 22 samples (4.4%) for A. flavus, 32 samples (6.4%) for A. fumigatus, 16 samples (3.2%) for P. larvae, 29 samples (5.8%) …

Effects Of Vacuum Packaging On The Quality Of Frozen Cooked Döner Kebab, Enver Bariş Bi̇ngöl, Funda Yilmaz, Karlo Muratoğlu, Kami̇l Bostan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Döner kebab is a traditional Turkish dish, recognized worldwide. It is an important fast-food meal sold by its local name in many countries. Döner kebab is consumed as a fresh dish and should be served immediately after cooking. Raw döner kebab can be stored by freezing, but there is not enough knowledge about the storage of cooked döner kebab. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of vacuum packaging on the meat quality of frozen cooked döner kebab. Packaged döner kebabs were stored at -18 ± 1 °C for up to 12 months and examined monthly for microbiological (total …

The Mobile Health Revolution?, Nathan Cortez

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

Rarely does a class of technologies excite physicians, patients, financeers, gadgeteers, and policymakers alike. But mobile health — the use of mobile devices like smartphones and tablets for health or medical purposes — has captured our collective imagination. Observers predict that mobile health, also referred to as “mHealth” or “medical apps,” can save millions of lives, billions in spending, and democratize access to health care. Proponents argue that mobile health technologies will transform the ways in which we deliver, consume, measure, and pay for care; disrupting our sclerotic health care system.

This Article evaluates mobile health and its many ambitions. …

Formalism And Antiformalism In Patent Law Adjudication: Rules And Standards, David O. Taylor

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit exists at least in part to achieve goals related to patent law that the Supreme Court singularly failed to achieve. Since the Federal Circuit’s inception just over thirty years ago, however, critics have shifted blame for problems with the patent system from the Supreme Court to the Federal Circuit. A common criticism that has gained strength is that the Federal Circuit engages in overly formalistic rule-based adjudication in patent cases. One aspect of this criticism is that the Federal Circuit too often creates rules to govern patent law. In this …

The Wonder-Clause, Anna Gelpern, Mitu Gulati

Faculty Scholarship

The Greek debt crisis prompted EU officials to embark on a radical reconstruction of the European sovereign debt markets. Prominently featured in this reconstruction was a set of contract provisions called Collective Action Clauses, or CACs. CACs are supposed to help governments and private creditors to renegotiate unsustainable debt contracts, and obviate the need for EU bailouts. But European sovereign debt contacts were already amenable to restructuring; adding CACs could make it harder. Why, then, promote CACs at all, and cast them in such a central role in the market reform initiative? Using interviews with participants in the initiative and …

Balancing Human And Machine Contributions In Human Computation Systems, R. Jordan Crouser, Alvitta Ottley, Remco Chang

Computer Science: Faculty Publications

Many interesting and successful human computation systems leverage the complementary computational strengths of both humans and machines to solve these problems. In this chapter, we examine Human Computation as a type of Human-Computer Collaboration—collaboration involving at least one human and at least one computational agent. We discuss recent advances in the open area of function allocation, and explore how to balance the contributions of humans and machines in computational systems. We then explore how human-computer collaborative strategies can be used to solve problems that are difficult or computationally infeasible for computers or humans alone.

What Makes The Family Special?, Kerry Abrams

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

“The [Judicial] Beatings Will Continue Until Morale Improves”: The Prisoner's Dilemma Of Cooperative Discovery And Proposals For Improved Morale, Paul W. Grimm, Heather Leigh Williams

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Peacebuilding And Conflict Management In A Future American Grand Strategy: Time For An “Off Shore” Approach?, Charles J. Dunlap Jr.

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Improving (Software) Patent Quality Through The Administrative Process, Arti K. Rai

Faculty Scholarship

The available evidence indicates that patent quality, particularly in the area of software, needs improvement. This Article argues that even an agency as institutionally constrained as the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (“PTO”) could implement a portfolio of pragmatic, cost-effective quality improvement strategies. The argument in favor of these strategies draws upon not only legal theory and doctrine but also new data from a PTO software examination unit with relatively strict practices. Strategies that resolve around Section 112 of the patent statute could usefully be deployed at the initial examination stage. Other strategies could be deployed within the new post-issuance …

Understanding Causation In Private Securities Lawsuits: Building On Amgen, James D. Cox

Faculty Scholarship

With Amgen, the Supreme Court’s majority once again holds that inquiry into the alleged market impact of a misrepresentation is not required to invoke fraud on the market approach to causation so that the class can be certified. Rather than just leaving matters where they have been since the Supreme Court’s muddled encounter with causation in Basic Inc. v. Levinson, the Supreme Court’s most recent decision appears to relax some earlier-held tenets with respect to markets believed sufficiently efficient for fraud on the market to be invoked. This Article not only identifies the central flaw of Basic that has over …

The Crucial But (Potentially) Precarious Position Of The Chief Compliance Officer, Deborah A. Demott

Faculty Scholarship

This Article, written for a symposium on compliance issues in financial-services firms, focuses on the role of the chief compliance officer (“CCO”). Contrasting the position with that held by a firm’s general counsel or Chief Legal Officer (CLO), the article argues that a CCO’s position holds distinct challenges. Additionally, although internal compliance systems and personnel may be characterized as functional substitutes for external regulation, assessing the strengths and weaknesses of internal compliance requires a willingness to look deep within firms. The article argues that the law and regulation may enhance firms’ incentives to invest in effective internal compliance but may …

The Nagoya Protocol And Synthetic Biology Research: A Look At The Potential Impacts, Margo A. Bagley, Arti K. Rai

Faculty Scholarship

This report, prepared for the Synthetic Biology Project at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, analyzes the 2010 Nagoya Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity and how it may affect U.S. researchers working in the field of synthetic biology. The objective of the Protocol is to provide a transparent framework for the acquisition and sharing of genetic resources on fair and equitable terms that facilitate the conservation of biological diversity and associated traditional knowledge. The report finds significant uncertainty surrounding the temporal scope of the Agreement as well as the types of genetic material that will be covered …

Suboptimal Social Science And Judicial Precedent, Ben Grunwald

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Mapping A Post-Shelby County Contingency Strategy, Guy-Uriel Charles, Luis Fuentes-Rohwer

Faculty Scholarship

This Essay was written for the Yale Law Journal Online Symposium on the future of section 5 of the Voting Rights Act after Shelby County v. Holder. Professors Guy-Uriel E. Charles and Luis Fuentes-Rohwer argue that voting rights activists ought to be prepared for a future in which section 5 is not part of the landscape. If the Court strikes down section 5, an emerging ecosystem of private entities and organized interest groups of various stripes—what they call institutional intermediaries—may be willing and able to mimic the elements that made section 5 an effective regulatory device. As voting rights …

Algorithms And Speech, Stuart M. Benjamin

Faculty Scholarship

One of the central questions in free speech jurisprudence is what activities the First Amendment encompasses. This Article considers that question in the context of an area of increasing importance – algorithm-based decisions. I begin by looking to broadly accepted legal sources, which for the First Amendment means primarily Supreme Court jurisprudence. That jurisprudence provides for very broad First Amendment coverage, and the Court has reinforced that breadth in recent cases. Under the Court’s jurisprudence the First Amendment (and the heightened scrutiny it entails) would apply to many algorithm-based decisions, specifically those entailing substantive communications. We could of course adopt …

Saving The First Amendment From Itself: Relief From The Sherman Act Against The Rabbinic Cartels, Barak D. Richman

Faculty Scholarship

America’s rabbis currently structure their employment market with rules that flagrantly violate the Sherman Act. The consequences of these rules, in addition to the predictable economic outcomes of inflated wages for rabbis and restricted consumer freedoms for the congregations that employ them, meaningfully hinder Jewish communities from seeking their preferred spiritual leader. Although the First Amendment cannot combat against this privately-orchestrated (yet paradigmatic) restriction on religious expression, the Sherman Act can. Ironically, however, the rabbinic organizations implementing the restrictive policies claim that the First Amendment immunizes them from Sherman Act scrutiny, thereby claiming the First Amendment empowers them to do …

Legitimacy And Lawmaking: A Tale Of Three International Courts, Laurence R. Helfer, Karen J. Alter

Faculty Scholarship

This article explores the relationship between the legitimacy of international courts and expansive judicial lawmaking. We compare lawmaking by three regional integration courts — the European Court of Justice (ECJ), the Andean Tribunal of Justice (ATJ), and the ECOWAS Community Court of Justice (ECCJ). These courts have similar jurisdictional grants and access rules, yet each has behaved in a strikingly different way when faced with opportunities to engage in expansive judicial lawmaking. The ECJ is the most activist, but its audacious legal doctrines have been assimilated as part of the court’s legitimate authority. The ATJ and ECOWAS have been more …

“One Size Can Fit All” – On The Mass Production Of Legal Transplants, Ralf Michaels

Faculty Scholarship

Law reformers like the World Bank sometimes suggest that optimal legal rules and institutions can be recognized and then be recommended for law reform in every country in the world. Comparative lawyers have long been skeptical of such views. They point out that both laws and social problems are context-specific. What works in one context may fail in another. Instead of “one size fits all,” they suggest tailormade solutions.

I challenge this view. Drawing on a comparison with IKEA’s global marketing strategy, I suggest that “one size fits all” can sometimes be not only a successful law reform strategy, but …

Ring-Fencing, Steven L. Schwarcz

Faculty Scholarship

“Ring-fencing” is often touted as a regulatory solution to problems in banking, finance, public utilities, and insurance. However, both the precise meaning of ring-fencing, as well as the nature of the problems that ring-fencing regulation purports to solve, are ill defined. This article examines the functions and conceptual foundations of ring-fencing. In a regulatory context, the term can best be understood as legally deconstructing a firm in order to more optimally reallocate and reduce risk. So utilized, ring-fencing can help to protect public-benefit activities performed by private-sector firms, as well as to mitigate systemic risk and the too-big-to-fail problem inherent …

Lawyers In The Shadows: The Transactional Lawyer In A World Of Shadow Banking, Steven L. Schwarcz

Faculty Scholarship

This article examines how the role of transactional lawyers should change in the new world of shadow banking. Although transactional lawyers should consider the potential systemic consequences of their client's actions, their actions should be tempered by their primary duties to the client and by their responsibilities to the l,egal system more broadly.

Citizens’ Perspectives Of Access To The Decision Making Process And Community Improvement As Determinants Of Brownfields Redevelopment Success, Shevon Jean Letang

Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects

Brownfields redevelopment is acclaimed as a successful program that has revitalized struggling urban communities and returned unproductive, underutilized, and abandoned industrial and commercial properties to municipalities’ tax rolls. Despite a major brownfields' redevelopment goal being to improve the communities and their citizens' quality of life, to date, the program has not been evaluated from the mainstreams' perspective as to its impact on their neighborhoods and their quality of life. A survey of 129 citizens from urban, suburban and exsuburban municipalities in Passaic County New Jersey sought to evaluate the social outcomes of three redeveloped projects from the affected mainstreams' perspective. …

Part 5: Asian Indians In Hampton Roads, Regional Studies Institute, Old Dominion University

State of the Region Reports: Hampton Roads

This “model” minority group in our region has attained significant economic success and civic influence.