Digital Commons Network^™

Climate Change And Its Effect On Indigenous Peoples Of The Southwest, Josh Merrill

American Indian Law Review

No abstract provided.

Martin Luther: Marriage And The Family As A Remedy For Sin, Trevor O'Reggio

Andrews University Seminary Studies (AUSS)

No abstract provided.

Approach-Iron Play In High Performance Golf: From Testing To Tournament Play, Samuel John Robertson

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The capability of a golfer to record a low score depends upon well-developed abilities in each of the recognised on-course skill components (driving the ball off the tee, hitting approach-iron shots, hitting short-iron shots and putting). Despite approach-iron play being considered perhaps the most important and definitely the most practiced skill in the game, the ability to quantify the golfer’s ability to hit approach-iron shots in a controlled, off-course environment (eg. training) cannot yet be undertaken due to the lack of appropriate assessments. Such tools have considerable potential for use in both the field and in research for implementation in …

Alappat Redux: Support For Functional Language In Software Patent Claims, Andrew Chin

Faculty Publications

The Federal Circuit has suggested in some recent cases that any algorithm can serve as adequate structural support for a means-plus-function element in a software patent claim under § 112(f). A recent proposal by Mark Lemley fully endorses this proposition and seeks its broader application. The concept of an algorithm, however, is too slippery to serve as the basis for such a rule. In this Article, I argue that this overreliance on the algorithm concept originated in a revisionist gloss on the Federal Circuit's 1994 Alappat decision. Informed by a closer reading of what Alappat actually has to say about …

An Integrated Computer-Aided Modular Fixture Design System For Machining Semi-Circular Parts, Uday H. Farhan

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Productivity is one of the most important factors in manufacturing processes because of the high level of market competition. In this regard, modular fixtures (MFs) play an important role in practically improving productivity in flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) due to this technology using highly productive computer numerical control (CNC) machines. MFs consist of devices called jigs and fixtures for accurately holding the workpiece during different machining operations. The design process is complex, and traditional methods of MF design were not sufficiently productive.

Computer-aided design (CAD) software has rapidly improved as a result of the development of computer technology, and has …

Exploring Predictors Of Sport Commitment In Coaches, Erin Bormann

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The Sport Commitment Model (SCM) has been used to gain insight about the factors that influence people’s decision to continue participation in sport. Majority of the studies that are grounded in the SCM have been conducted with athletes. To date, few studies have examined sport commitment of coaches however, these did not assess two commitment dimensions per se (functional or “want to” and obligatory or “have to” commitment to sport), rather each has measured certain predictor variables and inferred commitment dimensions based on clustering of predictors [i.e. 13]. This study had one main purpose, to examine the SCM amongst coaches. …

Neuromuscular Fatigue And Biomechanical Alterations During High-Intensity, Constant-Load Cycling, Amanda Julie Overton

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Neuromuscular fatigue is an inevitable process at play during prolonged exercise, and may be caused by multiple alterations within the central nervous system and peripheral musculature. As fatigue develops, the neuromuscular system must adapt to these changes by making compensatory movement pattern adjustments so as to use motor pathways that are less fatigued in an effort to maintain task performance; motor variability is thus increased. The primary purpose of the four studies contained within this doctoral thesis was to detail the progression of exercise-induced neuromuscular fatigue, and to improve our understanding of the muscle activation and joint kinematic alterations that …

Lichens As A Biomonitoring Tool For Detecting Heavy Metal Air Pollution Associated With Industrial Activities In Collie, South-Western Australia, Meenu Chathurika Vitarana

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

During the last few decades, various techniques for using lichens as biomonitors have been developed for monitoring air pollution and forest ecosystem health. Lichens have been used effectively to determine the dispersion of heavy metals emitted by industrial point-sources; however the approach has not been commonly used in Australia. This thesis aimed to determine the effectiveness of using a lichen biomonitoring approach to measure the heavy metal pollutants emitted from coal-fired power stations and related industries in Collie, south-western Australia, an area with concern over poor air quality. Three different approaches to lichen biomonitoring were investigated. The first explored lichen …

Bury Me Deep In Isolation: A Cultural Examination Of A Peripheral Music Industry And Scene, Christina Ballico

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Since 1998, Perth bands have had a strong presence within the Australian music scene. Primarily, each year between 1998 and 2009, songs by indie pop/rock acts from Perth have charted within national broadcaster triple j’s Hottest 100 countdown. Many of the albums from which these songs have been taken have sold in excess of 35,000 copies, and a number of successful and recognised Perth bands have toured with the nation’s largest music festival, the Big Day Out as well as their own high profile national tours. At the same time, Perth’s local indie pop/rock music industry has undergone tremendous growth …

The Teaching And Learning Of Word Problems In Beginning Algebra : A Nigerian (Lagos State) Study, Omolola A. Ladele

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

At both the junior and senior secondary school levels in Nigeria, student performance in mathematics examinations has been poor. Within the context of large classes, with inadequate facilities, and teaching and learning in a second language, algebra and algebra word problems are introduced to students during their first year of junior secondary school. The transition from primary school arithmetic to the use of the algebraic letter is challenging to students and it is important that teachers should know the likely difficulties and misconceptions students may have as they begin algebra (Welder, 2012).

In this study, the impact of a teacher …

Effects Of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy On Symptoms Associated With Eccentric Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage, Henry Banyard

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Unaccustomed exercise consisting of eccentric contractions induces muscle damage that is characterised by muscle weakness, soreness, swelling and increased muscle stiffness. These symptoms affect daily activities and athletic performance; therefore, interventions to attenuate the symptoms and enhance recovery from muscle damage are necessary. Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMFT) is anecdotally reported to increase muscle blood flow and oxygenation to enhance tissue healing. One previous study showed that PEMFT was effective for alleviating muscle soreness and losses in range of motion after exercise. However, studies investigating the effect of PEMFT on recovery of muscle strength following eccentric exercise are lacking. The …

Complexity And Creative Capacity : Reformulating The Problem Of Knowledge Transfer In Environmental Management, Kelly Chapman

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The Ningaloo Reef is Australia’s largest fringing coral reef and an iconic tourist destination; however tourism development in Ningaloo has been ad hoc and the area is challenged by human pressure on numerous fronts. In response to these challenges a number of research agencies brought together a range of scientists to study the effects of human interaction on the reef. Moving from research to practice has been understood to depend on the adaptive capacity of the institutions responsible for governing human activities, in this case in the Ningaloo area. Knowledge transfer describes the suite of strategies used to try to …

The Release Of Energy': Reflections On A Legal History Trope, John V. Orth

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Preachers, Politicians And People Of Character: A Rationale For The Centrality Of A Public-Speaking Course In The Core Curriculum, Blake J. Neff

Journal of the Association for Communication Administration

Administrators in colleges and universities across America continue to debate the relative advantages of education designed to develop vocational skills and education committed to the liberal arts. This essay demonstrates that public speaking as the basic communication course bridges the divide. That course provides a necessary vocational skill for a host of professions, and in addition strongly supports liberal arts by bringing instructional units in self-discipline, critical thinking, listening, and academic preparedness to the core curriculum.

Multiple Shoot Regeneration Of Plumular Apices Of Chickpea, Muhammad Aasim, Si̇bel Day, Fereshteh Rezaei, Mortaza Hajyzadeh

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important grain legume used almost all over the world. Development of new repeatable and reliable tissue culture protocols is very important for improvement of breeding and genetic transformation studies. It is a highly recalcitrant plant and there is an urgent need to develop a regeneration protocol that can ensure easy multiple and qualitative superior shoots that could be rooted and yield fertile plants. Unconditioned plumular apices and plumular apices preconditioned with 10 mg L^{-1} benzylaminopurine (BA) for 10 days were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.25-2.00 mg L^{-1} BA with …

Online Tomato Sorting Based On Shape, Maturity, Size, And Surface Defects Using Machine Vision, Omid Omidi Arjenaki, Parviz Ahmadi Moghaddam, Asad Moddares Motlagh

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Online sorting of tomatoes according to their features is an important postharvest procedure. The purpose of this research was to develop an efficient machine vision-based experimental sorting system for tomatoes. Relevant sorting parameters included shape (oblong and circular), size (small and large), maturity (color), and defects. The variables defining shape, maturity, and size of the tomatoes were eccentricity, average of color components, and 2-D pixel area, respectively. Tomato defects include color disorders, growth cracks, sunscald, and early blight. The sorting system involved the use of a CCD camera, a microcontroller, sensors, and a computer. Images were analyzed with an algorithm …

Ecology, Toxicity, And Hydrolytic Activities Of Bacillus Thuringiensis In Forests, Fouad Al-Momani, Maher Obeidat

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The investigation of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) in 16 forest soil samples from Ajloun, northern Jordan, involved the isolation of 23 isolates toxic to the third instar dipteran larvae of Drosophila melanogaster and 7 isolates toxic to the third instar lepidopteran larvae of Ephestia kuehniella. The highest viable count of Bt was found in Ebeen forest soils (14.24 × 10^7 CFU g^{-1}), and the lowest viable count was found in Rasoun forest soils. The lethal concentration (LC_{50}) of Bt isolates indicated a variation in their toxicity to D. melanogaster and E. kuehniella larvae, with lower LC_{50} values for D. melanogaster suggesting …

Effects Of Thinning Intensity On The Growth Of Narrow-Leaved Ash (Fraxinus Angustifolia Subsp. Oxycarpa) Plantations, Emrah Çi̇çek, Faruk Yilmaz, Ali̇ Kemal Özbayram, Mehmet Efe, Murat Yilmaz, Ayhan Usta

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Narrow-leaved ash (Fraxinus angustifolia) is one of the important broadleaved tree species, and it is becoming more important in European forestry because of its valuable wood and fast growing ability. Despite its wide natural range and high economic value, there is little or very limited information about the effects of thinning on the growth and development of ash stands, especially in plantations. In this study, 2 thinning experiments were carried out to determine the effects of thinning intensity on the growth of diameter, height, basal area, and volume in narrow-leaved ash plantations over a 6-year period in Adapazarı, Turkey. In …

Adhesion Properties Of Some Protective Layers Exposed To Outside Weather Conditions For Five Years, Mehmet Budakçi, Ci̇hat Taşçioğlu

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this study, the long-term (5-year) performances of 2 varnish systems, semitransparent alkyd-based brown stain (SABBS) and alkyd-based clear varnish (ABCV), were evaluated on preservative-treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood. Prior to varnish application, specimens were impregnated with 2 different types of wood preservative. The experimental variables were varnish type, layer thickness, and wood preservative. ASTM D 1641 was followed for exposing wood specimens to outdoor conditions. The effects of long-term exposure on adhesion properties of applied varnish systems were tested according to ASTM D 4541. Long-term outdoor exposure resulted in 4.2% and 33.9% reductions in the adhesion properties …

Mapping Of Thermal Comfort For Outdoor Recreation Planning Using Gis: The Case Of Isparta Province (Turkey), Mehmet Topay

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study presents a model for the physical planning process of thermal comfort (TC), which is very important for outdoor recreation planning, using thermal perception maps (TPMs). For this purpose, a TPM of Isparta Province was produced according to the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) index from climatic data of the province. To determine the TC structure of the province, climatic data were collected from 16 meteorology stations. The RayMan 1.2 program was used to obtain the monthly PET values of the stations, and the inverse distance weighted interpolation technique in geographic information system (GIS) software was used to produce monthly …

Effect Of Sewage Sludge On Metal Content Of Grassland Soil And Herbage In Semiarid Lands, Ösmetullah Arvas, Bi̇lal Keski̇n, İbrahi̇m Hakki Yilmaz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Utilization for agriculture is one of the main disposal methods for sewage sludge. Subirrigated pastures are close to settlements and under intensive usage. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of sewage sludge on subirrigated pasture soil and plant metal concentrations, and the relationship between them. Activated sewage sludge was applied to surface grassland at 25, 50, 75, and 100 t ha^{-1} year^{-1} treatments for 2 years. The concentration of all metals in topsoil (0-20 cm) increased depending on application dosages, but only Zn concentration increased in subsoil (20-40 cm) consistently. While in the second year the …

Mitigation Effects Of Glycinebetaine On Oxidative Stress And Some Key Growth Parameters Of Maize Exposed To Salt Stress, Cengi̇z Kaya, Osman Sönmez, Sali̇h Aydemi̇r, Murat Di̇ki̇li̇taş

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of glycinebetaine (GB) on oxidative stress and some key growth parameters in maize (Zea mays L. 'DK 647 F1') grown under saline conditions. Maize seedlings were grown in pots containing perlite. The experiment was designed in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with 2 levels (0 and 100 mM) of sodium chloride (NaCl) and 2 levels (25 and 50 mM) of GB sprayed onto leaves of maize seedlings. Saline stress caused a considerable decline in total dry matter, chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC), peroxidase (POD; EC. 1.11.1.7), and …

Effect Of Geographical Variation On The Sugar Composition Of The Oriental Beech (Fagus Orientalis Lipsky), Deni̇z Güney, Zehra Duygu Bak, Fatma Aydinoğlu, İbrahi̇m Turna, Fai̇k Ahmet Ayaz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Geographical variation in soluble sugar concentrations in seeds from oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) trees of different origins in Turkey was determined using high performance liquid chromatography. The results demonstrated that the most significant soluble sugars, in order of importance, were sucrose, glucose, and fructose. All free sugars varied significantly (P < 0.05) within and among populations. In general, both total and soluble sugar levels tended to be higher in northern populations compared to southern ones. Cluster and discriminant analyses divided seed sources into 3 distinct groups corresponding to a north, south, and west division of oriental beech populations.

Effects Of Adding Crown Variables In Stem Taper And Volume Predictions For Black Pine, Ramazan Özçeli̇k, Cafer Bal

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Crown characteristics are an important component of growth and yield models. The stem form of a tree depends to a large extent on the tree crown dimensions. However, there is no unified agreement on whether crown variables (crown ratio and crown length) should be incorporated into taper models for accurate predictions of diameter and volume. The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of improvement that the incorporation of crown variables into taper equations for black pine (Pinus nigra J.F.Arnold subsp. pallasiana (Lamb.) Holmboe) gives to diameter and stem volume predictions. Linear and nonlinear crown variable functions were …

Effects Of Organic Manures And Non-Chemical Weed Control On Wheat. Ii. Grain Quality, Sancar Bulut, Ali̇ Öztürk, Mehmet Murat Karaoğlu, Nesri̇n Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Deficit plant nutrients, especially nitrogen, and weed competition are the most critical problems in organic farming. This research was carried out on research plots of the Agricultural Research and Extension Center of Atatürk University Agricultural Faculty during the cropping seasons of 2006-07, 2007-08, and 2008-09 under dry farming conditions. A factorial experimental design with 4 replications was used to set up the experimental plots. The factors were 2 wheat cultivars (Kırik and Doğu-88), 3 weed control practices (weedy control, hand weeding, dense sowing), and 7 fertilizer sources [control, standard inorganic (NP), Bio-Organic (Bio), Bio-SR Organic (Bio SR), Leonardite, Organic fertilizer …

Development Of Short Gssrs In G. Arboreum And Their Utilization In Phylogenetic Studies, Tayyaba Shaheen, Yusuf Zafar, James M. Stewart, Mehboob-Ur Rahman

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Microsatellite regions in DNA fragments of Gossypium arboreum were explored and PCR products 500-800 bp long were analyzed for genomic simple sequence repeats (gSSRs). From 39 segments, 23 short gSSRs were identified; on average they occurred every 1.6 kb. Primers were used to amplify fragments from 18 diploid species representing 6 diploid genomes and 1 tetraploid species, G. hirsutum (AD). The phylogeny of diploid genomes was subsequently determined. No primer amplified the DNA from all genotypes; however, amplification occurred in 59% of 437 PCR events. All genomes were grouped into 2 clusters (a and b). The obtained phylogeny of the …

Auxetic Springs For Seating, Jerzy Smardzewski

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

It is commonly believed that furniture spring systems are far more durable and friendly to use than foam systems. The aim of this research project was to design and realise models of individual auxetic compression springs and determine their resistance to cyclic as well as prolonged static loads. The study was conducted using numerical calculations and verification of results by laboratory experiments. The results of the performed investigations made it possible to conclude that the designed spring had stiffness characteristics similar to the compression characteristics of polyurethane foams. Cyclical and prolonged static loads have no significant influence on changes in …

Essential Oil Composition Of Sweet Basil Cultivars As Affected By Nitrogen And Potassium Fertilization, Renata Nurzynska-Wierdak, Bartlomiej Borowski, Katarzyna Dzida, Grazyna Zawislak, Radoslaw Kowalski

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This study was designed to find correlations between the rate of nitrogen and potassium and basil herb quality resulting from essential oil content and composition. An increase in the amount of nitrogen in the nutritional environment of the plants resulted in the enhanced accumulation of essential oil, as well as in a rise in linalool and germacrene D concentration. The present study also showed increased content of essential oil in the herb, as well as an increase of 1,8-cineole in the oil under the influence of the increased rate of potassium. The studied basil cultivars Kasia and Wala were characterized …

Modification Of Water Vapor Diffusion In Poplar Wood (Populus Nigra L.) By Steaming At High Temperatures, Maedeh Sayar, Asghar Tarmian

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

In this investigation, the effect of steaming on the water vapor diffusion coefficient of poplar wood (Populus nigra L.) was studied. Boards with dimensions of 50 × 50 × 150 (W × H × L) mm3 and average moisture content of 12% were steamed at temperatures of 120, 140, 160, and 180 ^°C for 1, 2, and 3 h. The diffusion coefficients were then measured based on Fick's law of diffusion in steady-state conditions using the cup method. Results showed that the steaming of poplar wood at all mentioned temperatures can decrease the water vapor diffusion coefficient. However, no further …

Phenolic Composition And Antioxidant Activity Of Salvia Tomentosa Miller: Effects Of Cultivation, Harvesting Year, And Storage, Cüneyt Di̇nçer, İsmai̇l Tontul, İhsan Burak Çam, Kübra Sultan Özdemi̇r, Ayhan Topuz, Hi̇lal Şahi̇n Nadeem, Saadet Tuğrul Ay, Ramazan Süleyman Göktürk

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

Salvia tomentosa is a common medicinal plant, and it is consumed as an herbal tea in some Mediterranean countries. It has been extensively collected from its natural habitat, and careless collection has caused the recent extinction of some plants. The present study was undertaken to cultivate S. tomentosa and compare the phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of wild and cultivated plants. Total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of S. tomentosa ranged between 49.27 and 66.15 mg GAE g^{-1} dry weight (dw), 36.27 and 40.83 mg catechin g^{-1} dw, and 1.77 and 2.29 mg dw mg^{-1} DPPH, respectively. Total phenolic …