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2013

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Combining Attentional Control And Semantic Memory Retrieval: A Sensitive Marker For Early Stage Ad And Ad-Related Biomarkers In Healthy Older Adults, Andrew Jacob Aschenbrenner Dec 2013

Combining Attentional Control And Semantic Memory Retrieval: A Sensitive Marker For Early Stage Ad And Ad-Related Biomarkers In Healthy Older Adults, Andrew Jacob Aschenbrenner

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Past studies have shown that measures of attentional control and semantic memory retrieval are sensitive markers of Alzheimer disease: AD). The present study examined the utility of combining measures of attentional control and semantic retrieval within a single task to discriminate healthy aging from early stage AD and show sensitivity to AD biomarkers in healthy control individuals. On each trial of the present task, participants viewed a category: e.g. “a unit of time”) and verified whether a subsequent target item was an exemplar of the category: “hour”) or not: “clock”). Importantly, the nonmembers of the category were associatively related: e.g., …

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Vitamin B12 Distribution Patterns In Marine Sediments Revealed By A New Elisa Method, Meichen Liu Dec 2013

Vitamin B12 Distribution Patterns In Marine Sediments Revealed By A New Elisa Method, Meichen Liu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Vitamin B12 is an organic micronutrient in the ocean, and it is required for the growth of majority of phytoplankton. Because of the ultra-low concentrations of vitamin B12 in the ocean and the lack of suitable analytical methods, the distribution, transport and biogeochemical cycling of vitamin B12 in marine ecosystem have not been essentially documented. In this thesis, vitamin B12 distribution and reaction patterns in water column and marine sediments were preliminary studied by using newly developed immunoassay methods. Two new sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods have been developed and compared in Chapter …

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Using Quantitative Genetics Methods To Estimate Heritability Of Larval Co2-Resistance In A Coastal Marine Fish, Alex James Malvezzi Dec 2013

Using Quantitative Genetics Methods To Estimate Heritability Of Larval Co2-Resistance In A Coastal Marine Fish, Alex James Malvezzi

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Marine organisms are under pressure to adapt to anthropogenic changes that are rapidly altering ocean water chemistry. Since the Industrial Revolution, human activities have caused an increase in atmospheric CO2 which is partly absorbed by the world's oceans, thereby reducing ocean pH, aragonite and calcite saturation states in a process known as ocean acidification (OA). Concern over these changes has caused a surge in scientific interest to better understand and predict how OA affects marine organisms from single celled algae to marine calcifying invertebrates and vertebrates such as fish. Since most studies thus far have focused on short-term responses of …

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Population Dynamics Of The Ctenophore Mnemiopsis Leidyi And Implications For Bottom-Up And Top-Down Controls Of The Plankton Community, Marianne E. Mcnamara Dec 2013

Population Dynamics Of The Ctenophore Mnemiopsis Leidyi And Implications For Bottom-Up And Top-Down Controls Of The Plankton Community, Marianne E. Mcnamara

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation investigated the ecology of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in Great South Bay, New York via field and laboratory studies. The research focused on the role of M. leidyi in controlling plankton community structure and the influence of the plankton community in regulating seasonal population blooms of M. leidyi. First, this study documented top-down control of microplankton by larval M. leidyi in Great South Bay. A relationship between high adult M. leidyi/low mesozooplankton with high microplankton abundance was also identified, and preceded an increase in larval ctenophores, suggesting that intense feeding on mesozooplankton by adult M. leidyi enhances prey …

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Coastal And Marine Spatial Planning (Cmsp): An Ecosystem Based Approach To Conservation And Management In Long Island Sound, Christine Ann O'Connell Dec 2013

Coastal And Marine Spatial Planning (Cmsp): An Ecosystem Based Approach To Conservation And Management In Long Island Sound, Christine Ann O'Connell

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Past approaches to ocean management in the United States are no longer sustainable because they were largely reactionary and applied in a piecemeal fashion. A more comprehensive ecosystem-based approach is needed. Ocean policy and management practices should be defined by ecological boundaries, not political ones, and should incorporate all elements and processes in the system, including human uses. Thus, a regional, multi-objective plan, such as coastal and marine spatial planning (CMSP), that addresses the cumulative impacts of current and future environmental stressors, is essential. Coastal and marine spatial plans separate conflicting uses in marine environments based upon an established community …

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Comparisons Of Intermediate Oxidation State Sulfur Compounds In The Episodically, Lan Thi Tong Dec 2013

Comparisons Of Intermediate Oxidation State Sulfur Compounds In The Episodically, Lan Thi Tong

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The anoxic Cariaco Basin located on the Venezuela continental shelf and the seasonally anoxic Forge River located on the south shore of Long Island are two quite different aquatic systems. However, they are both characterized by the pulsed intrusion of oxygen into sulfidic waters, where sulfur intermediates including sulfite (SO32-), thiosulfate (S2O32-), and zero-valent sulfur (So) are usually found. In this study, I investigated the distribution of sulfur intermediates and the relative importance of chemical and biological hydrogen sulfide oxidation to the sulfur intermediates distribution in these two systems. The sulfide oxidation rate, determined using Forge River water with an …

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Vitamin B12 Distribution Patterns In Marine Sediments Revealed By A New Elisa Method, Meichen Liu Dec 2013

Vitamin B12 Distribution Patterns In Marine Sediments Revealed By A New Elisa Method, Meichen Liu

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Vitamin B12 is an organic micronutrient in the ocean, and it is required for the growth of majority of phytoplankton. Because of the ultra-low concentrations of vitamin B12 in the ocean and the lack of suitable analytical methods, the distribution, transport and biogeochemical cycling of vitamin B12 in marine ecosystem have not been essentially documented. In this thesis, vitamin B12 distribution and reaction patterns in water column and marine sediments were preliminary studied by using newly developed immunoassay methods. Two new sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods have been developed and compared in Chapter …

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A Culture-Independent Study Of Dominant Sulfur-Utilizing Chemoautotrophs Within The Cariaco Basin's Redoxcline, Agnieszka Podlaska Dec 2013

A Culture-Independent Study Of Dominant Sulfur-Utilizing Chemoautotrophs Within The Cariaco Basin's Redoxcline, Agnieszka Podlaska

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

As in many other stratified bodies of water, microbial chemoautotrophic productivity in the anoxic Cariaco Basin is a major source of fixed carbon across the oxic-anoxic boundary yet the identity of the chemoautotrophic microbes and what fuels their metabolism are poorly understood. In this work, multiple techniques were used to investigate the distribution, abundance, and activity of major proteobacterial and archaeal clades during nine cruises from 2006 to 2010 in order to identify the dominant chemoautotrophs. Among seven clades examined in this study by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), epsilonproteobacteria and betaproteobacteria were the prevalent clades and on average accounted …

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Coastal And Marine Spatial Planning (Cmsp): An Ecosystem Based Approach To Conservation And Management In Long Island Sound, Christine Ann O'Connell Dec 2013

Coastal And Marine Spatial Planning (Cmsp): An Ecosystem Based Approach To Conservation And Management In Long Island Sound, Christine Ann O'Connell

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Past approaches to ocean management in the United States are no longer sustainable because they were largely reactionary and applied in a piecemeal fashion. A more comprehensive ecosystem-based approach is needed. Ocean policy and management practices should be defined by ecological boundaries, not political ones, and should incorporate all elements and processes in the system, including human uses. Thus, a regional, multi-objective plan, such as coastal and marine spatial planning (CMSP), that addresses the cumulative impacts of current and future environmental stressors, is essential. Coastal and marine spatial plans separate conflicting uses in marine environments based upon an established community …

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Prey Plasticity Responses To A Native And Nonnative Predator, Alexandra Hooks Dec 2013

Prey Plasticity Responses To A Native And Nonnative Predator, Alexandra Hooks

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental stimuli is exceedingly common across systems and taxa. For instance, predation risk in many gastropods can induce a variety of defenses including growing thicker shells, growing shells of different shapes, and developing apertural teeth. However, the role of coevolution between species that produce these defense responses and their consumers is not well known. This thesis examines the responses of an ovoviviparous gastropod (Littorina saxatilis) with low dispersal from three different habitats (marsh habitat, rocky habitat, and cobble stone habitat) to the presence of chemical cues from a native (Dyspanopeus sayi) and nonnative (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) …

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Population Dynamics Of The Ctenophore Mnemiopsis Leidyi And Implications For Bottom-Up And Top-Down Controls Of The Plankton Community, Marianne E. Mcnamara Dec 2013

Population Dynamics Of The Ctenophore Mnemiopsis Leidyi And Implications For Bottom-Up And Top-Down Controls Of The Plankton Community, Marianne E. Mcnamara

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This dissertation investigated the ecology of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi in Great South Bay, New York via field and laboratory studies. The research focused on the role of M. leidyi in controlling plankton community structure and the influence of the plankton community in regulating seasonal population blooms of M. leidyi. First, this study documented top-down control of microplankton by larval M. leidyi in Great South Bay. A relationship between high adult M. leidyi/low mesozooplankton with high microplankton abundance was also identified, and preceded an increase in larval ctenophores, suggesting that intense feeding on mesozooplankton by adult M. leidyi enhances prey …

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The Genetic Diversity Of Endangered Fishes In The Northwest Atlantic, Shannon Joy O'Leary Dec 2013

The Genetic Diversity Of Endangered Fishes In The Northwest Atlantic, Shannon Joy O'Leary

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Genetic diversity is the fundamental building block of biodiversity, harboring the adaptive potential of populations. The magnitude of the two main factors eroding genetic diversity, inbreeding and genetic drift, increases as the effective population size (Ne) decreases. Ne describes the number of reproductively mature adults effectively contributing to the next generation. In populations with overlapping generations, the effective number of breeders (Nb). Loss of genetic diversity has long been a concern for terrestrial and freshwater organisms, but traditionally less so for fisheries management due to the paradigm that marine fish populations are large, panmictic and thus resistant to the erosion …

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Coastal And Marine Spatial Planning (Cmsp): An Ecosystem Based Approach To Conservation And Management In Long Island Sound, Christine Ann O'Connell Dec 2013

Coastal And Marine Spatial Planning (Cmsp): An Ecosystem Based Approach To Conservation And Management In Long Island Sound, Christine Ann O'Connell

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Past approaches to ocean management in the United States are no longer sustainable because they were largely reactionary and applied in a piecemeal fashion. A more comprehensive ecosystem-based approach is needed. Ocean policy and management practices should be defined by ecological boundaries, not political ones, and should incorporate all elements and processes in the system, including human uses. Thus, a regional, multi-objective plan, such as coastal and marine spatial planning (CMSP), that addresses the cumulative impacts of current and future environmental stressors, is essential. Coastal and marine spatial plans separate conflicting uses in marine environments based upon an established community …

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The Population Ecology Of The Spiny Dogfish In The Northeast (Us) Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem: Implications For The Status Of The Stock, Skyler Rose Sagarese Dec 2013

The Population Ecology Of The Spiny Dogfish In The Northeast (Us) Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem: Implications For The Status Of The Stock, Skyler Rose Sagarese

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In this dissertation, statistical and modeling approaches were undertaken to increase the knowledge of spiny dogfish distribution, habitat, and population dynamics including: (1), environmental preference (2), habitat modeling (3), assessing diel variation in survey catchability of spiny dogfish and key prey species and (4), elucidating how spiny dogfish distributional shifts influenced their availability to commercial fisheries. For objective (1), I estimated habitat preference for neonate (total length, TL <= 26 cm), immature (male: 26 cm < TL < 60 cm; female: 26 cm < TL < 80 cm), and mature (male: TL >= 60 cm; female: TL >= 80 cm) spiny dogfish using Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC) annual bottom trawl survey data from 1963 through 2009. Preferences were compared between dogfish stages to …

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Electrospun Mixed Oxide Photocatalysts To Decompose Dyes In Water, Sherlyn Divya Dec 2013

Electrospun Mixed Oxide Photocatalysts To Decompose Dyes In Water, Sherlyn Divya

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In this work, four catalysts have been studied for their photocatalytic efficiency by testing each with methylene blue dye solution. Three catalysts were synthesized by the electrospinning method and then compared with the fourth commercially available catalyst for their photocatalytic activity. The basic metal oxide studied was titanium dioxide. Nanocomposite mats of pure titania, copper doped titania and copper doped degussa P25 titania, were synthesized using the electrospinning method. The pure titania and copper doped titania nanocomposites possessed the anatase phase which was obtained by annealing the as-spun nanocomposites at 4500C. All the catalysts were analyzed for their photocatalytic activity …

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Physical And Chemical Modifications Of Surface Properties Lead To Alterations In Osteoblast Behavior, Kathryn Elizabeth Dorst Dec 2013

Physical And Chemical Modifications Of Surface Properties Lead To Alterations In Osteoblast Behavior, Kathryn Elizabeth Dorst

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Proper formation of the bone extracellular matrix (ECM), or osteoid, depends on the surface properties of pre-existing tissue and the aqueous chemical environment. Both of these factors greatly influence osteoblast migration, cytoskeletal organization, and calcium nodule production, important aspects when considering the biocompatibility of bone implants. By perturbing the physical and/or chemical micro-environment, it may be possible to elucidate effects on cellular function. To examine these factors, murine pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1 subclones 4 and 24) were seeded on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates containing " wide" micro-patterned ridges (20 μ m width, 30 μ m pitch, & 2 μ m height), " narrow" …

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An In Vitro Study Of The Anti-Biofilm Properties Of Proanthocyanidin And Chitosan In Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Papulans, Kai Song Dec 2013

An In Vitro Study Of The Anti-Biofilm Properties Of Proanthocyanidin And Chitosan In Pseudomonas Syringae Pv. Papulans, Kai Song

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Biofilm-forming bacteria are a form of planktonic microorganisms that can become resistant against conventional antibiotics. Because they are difficult to eradicate, biofilm-forming bacteria are extremely problematic for the medical industry areas. Thus, materials that can distort biofilm structure would be helpful for eliminating chronic infection and decreasing bacterial resistance. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the anti-biofilm effect of two bio-derived substances, proanthocyanidin and chitosan. Proanthocyanidins are secondary plant metabolites that are reported to have antibiotic and antioxidant functions. Chitosan is a deacetylated derivative of chitin, which is abundant in the exoskeleton of crustaceans and insects. It …

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Plasmonic Nanoclusters Based On Conjugated Polymer For Controlled Optical Output, Xuyi Wang Dec 2013

Plasmonic Nanoclusters Based On Conjugated Polymer For Controlled Optical Output, Xuyi Wang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Rational design and assembly of colloidal metal nanoparticles with fluorescent materials like organic dyes, conjugated polymers or colloidal quantum dots has stimulated intense research interest in the past decade in view of obtaining nanomaterials with controllable optical properties and with applicability in optoelectronics and biosensing. The interaction between a fluorescent molecule and a metal nanoparticle, also known as plasmon-exciton interaction, is determined by several factors such as type, shape and size of the metal nanoparticle, electronic properties of the fluorescent molecule, metal nanoparticle-fluorescence molecule separation distance and local nanoenvironment. By tuning one or more of such factors one can achieve …

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Novel Catalytic Nanoparticles And Nanostructures For Environmental And Energy Applications, Shen Zhao Dec 2013

Novel Catalytic Nanoparticles And Nanostructures For Environmental And Energy Applications, Shen Zhao

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Semiconductor photocatalysis is a dynamic field at the forefront of environmental and energy research. This dissertation has focused on the development of novel nanomaterials to exceed performance for environmental and energy related applications in both liquid and gas phases as compared to traditional materials. This project investigated the impact of size of noble metal clusters on photocatalytic activity induced by UV and visible light. Compared to larger particles, sub-nanometer particles have shown much better activity for catalytic reactions in both liquid and gas phases. These nanoclusters supported on various semiconductors, such as TiO2 and CdS showed outstanding catalytic properties for …

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Forward Analysis Of Transversely Isotropic Thin Film By Indentation Method, Zheng Zhi Dec 2013

Forward Analysis Of Transversely Isotropic Thin Film By Indentation Method, Zheng Zhi

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Instrument indentation based methods for determining elasto-plastic properties of bulk specimen or thin film have received considerable and continue growing attention for recent decades, due to its simplicity, operability, and potential applications. However, the researches of transversely isotropic thin film are still at the beginning stage. In order to obtain a deeper understand of the relationship between P&ndashh curve and thin film properties, both dimensional analysis method and finite element method were applied in the present work. Extensive computational analysis of 630 sets of materials properties was carried out here. Through systematical studies, a more reasonable and intrinsic relationship, between …

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Thermal Homeostasis In Buildings (Thib): Radiant Conditioning Of Hydronically Activated Buildings With Large Fenestration And Adequate Thermal Mass Using Natural Energy For Thermal Comfort, Peizheng Ma Dec 2013

Thermal Homeostasis In Buildings (Thib): Radiant Conditioning Of Hydronically Activated Buildings With Large Fenestration And Adequate Thermal Mass Using Natural Energy For Thermal Comfort, Peizheng Ma

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

" Living" buildings, like living bodies, seek to maintain stable internal environments while the external surroundings keep on changing. In biology, the " stable internal environment" is called homeostasis. This dissertation focuses on thermal homeostasis in buildings. In a homeostatic building, adequate thermal mass is applied to keep indoor temperature varying within a small range; natural energy is harnessed to maintain indoor temperature at a comfortable level using lower-power equipment (lowPE); hydronic radiant conditioning system is employed to distribute heat or coolness effectively to avoid over-heating or over-cooling; and large fenestration is designed for aesthetics, natural lighting and solar gain. …

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Does Lunatic Fringe Modify Itself?, Usman Aslam Dec 2013

Does Lunatic Fringe Modify Itself?, Usman Aslam

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Notch signaling plays an essential role in metazoan development, and dysregulation of its activity has been recognized as a cause for many diseases. The extracellular domain of the Notch receptor has numerous tandem epidermal growth factor-like repeats modified with O-fucose and O-glucose glycans that play important roles in Notch function. Elongation of O-fucose by β 3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases of the Fringe family is known to modulate Notch activity. In addition, preliminary data from the Haltiwanger laboratory suggests that one of the Fringe enzymes, Lunatic Fringe, may modify itself. Lunatic Fringe does not contain any epidermal growth factor-like repeats and is not known …

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Structural And Biochemical Analysis Of The Hnrnpab Tandem Rrm Rna Binding Domain, Daniel Catt Dec 2013

Structural And Biochemical Analysis Of The Hnrnpab Tandem Rrm Rna Binding Domain, Daniel Catt

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Post-transcriptional trafficking of mRNA within the cell provides for spatial regulation of protein expression. Cis-acting localization elements known as zip codes located often in 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNA transcripts play a strong role in directing distribution within the cell through recognition by RNA-binding proteins. Hnrnpab is a protein with putative roles in this process with RNA-binding properties likely directed through tandem RNA Recognition Motifs (RRMs) that form a cooperative RNA Binding Domain (RBD). We purified this Hnrnpab RBD and carried out electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) using the zip code region from the ActB gene to demonstrate high …

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Identification Of Specific Residues Necessary For The Eviction Of H2a.Z-Containing Nucleosomes, Karole Nicole D'Orazio Dec 2013

Identification Of Specific Residues Necessary For The Eviction Of H2a.Z-Containing Nucleosomes, Karole Nicole D'Orazio

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In this study, I investigated how the well-conserved histone variant H2A.Z is removed from promoters to prepare genes for transcription. H2A.Z is found at the majority of nucleosomes near promoters in place of the canonical histone H2A. Why H2A.Z is localized to gene promoters in all eukaryotes is unclear. One hypothesis is that H2A.Z marks nucleosomes for disassembly, thereby opening up promoters to give room for the transcription machinery to assemble. How H2A.Z-containing nucleosomes are removed from promoter sites is also unknown, but the Luk laboratory has recently found that ATP is necessary for this process. We propose that there …

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Circulating Complexes Of The Vitamin D Binding Protein With G-Actin Induce Lung Injury By Targeting Endothelial Cells, Lingyin Ge Dec 2013

Circulating Complexes Of The Vitamin D Binding Protein With G-Actin Induce Lung Injury By Targeting Endothelial Cells, Lingyin Ge

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Actin is the most abundant and highly conserved intracellular protein in all eukaryotic cells. Cell necrosis can release actin into the extracellular environment where conditions favor spontaneous generation of F-actin filaments. A robust extracellular actin scavenger system consisting of gelsolin and the vitamin D binding protein (DBP) has evolved to sever F-actin filaments (gelsolin) then bind G-actin monomers (DBP) for subsequent clearance. This study investigated the role of DBP in this process using the DBP null mouse that has a systemic deficiency of DBP. Intravenous injection of G-actin into wild-type (DBP+/+) and DBP null (DBP-/-) mice showed that, contrary to …

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Structure And Assembly Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Outer Spore Wall, Pei-Chen Coney Lin Dec 2013

Structure And Assembly Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Outer Spore Wall, Pei-Chen Coney Lin

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

In Saccharomycs cerevisiae, spores are a quiescent, stress-resistant cell type, which can survive for extended periods of time in unfavorable conditions until nutrient conditions are suitable. The outer layers of the spore wall contain chitosan and dityrosine, which are macromolecules specific for the spore. These layers are critical for resistance of the spores to adverse environmental stresses. The dityrosine layer is an unique polymer component of cross-linked N, N'-bisformyl dityrosine. This layer provides a shield from protein-sized attack such as lytic enzymes. For structural studies, we took advantage of the insolubility of the spore wall materials by using solid-state NMR …

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Structural Characterization Of Individual Domains Of An Energy Dependent Mitochondrial Protease, Faiza Sheikh Dec 2013

Structural Characterization Of Individual Domains Of An Energy Dependent Mitochondrial Protease, Faiza Sheikh

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The ATP- dependent i-AAA protease pulls in and unwinds improperly folded and short-lived membrane proteins in order to maintain the integrity of the mitochondrial inner membrane. The i-AAA protease consists of an N-terminal domain, a single trans-membrane domain, a AAA ATPase domain and a metalloprotease domain. The role of the AAA domain is to unfold and translocate targeted proteins to protease domain where they are degraded. To further our understanding of the mechanism of this important enzyme, I sought to isolate and gain structural information on the individual domains of the i-AAA protease from the thermophilic eukaryote Myceliophthoya thermophile. I …

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Influence Of Membrane Heterogeneity On G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling, Rhodora Cristina Segui Calizo Dec 2013

Influence Of Membrane Heterogeneity On G-Protein Coupled Receptor Signaling, Rhodora Cristina Segui Calizo

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

A highly crowded and heterogenous environment is the emerging picture of the plasma membrane that would explain the efficiency and fidelity of many signal transduction processes. We determined the effect of plasma membrane heterogeneity on the function and diffusion of components from two class A G protein coupled receptor (GPCR) pathways, the bradykinin type 2 (B2R)/Gα q and the mu-opioid receptor (µOR)/Gα i pathways, as well as the epidermal growth factor receptor. In the first part of this dissertation, we describe the effect of nanoscale plasma membrane heterogeneity, as exemplified by caveolae domains, on the B2R and µOR pathways. We …

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Development Of Iodinated Graphene Nanoplatelets Through Redox Reaction For Their Use As Ct Contrast Agents, Aditi Parag Gadgil Dec 2013

Development Of Iodinated Graphene Nanoplatelets Through Redox Reaction For Their Use As Ct Contrast Agents, Aditi Parag Gadgil

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Iodinated organic compounds currently dominate the market of contrast media for CAT imaging. When these compounds have to be used in large quantities for multiple CAT scans, it can result in adverse effects ranging from mild to severe. Secondly, iodine being the only element which gives the essential optical properties to the agent, large quantity of iodine is needed in preparing these compounds. Recently, graphene-based compounds are being researched for their exceptional optical properties, and their compatibility with the body tissues. If combined with iodine, they are believed to give a significant contrast with a less dose of the agent. …

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An Exploration Of Alkyne-Alkyne Cross-Coupling Reactions And Attempts Towards Controlled Polymerization Of Diiodooctatetrayne, Allison Black Dec 2013

An Exploration Of Alkyne-Alkyne Cross-Coupling Reactions And Attempts Towards Controlled Polymerization Of Diiodooctatetrayne, Allison Black

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Polyynes are one-dimensional rigid carbon rods composed of alternating triple and single bonds. They have attracted much interest due to their electronic, optical, and physical properties. These carbon oligomers can serve as possible precursors to polydiacetylenes or graphitic ribbons, as subjecting ordered aggregates to heat and/ or irradiation can lead to topochemical polymerization. Furthermore, polyynes can act as models for understanding conjugation, and may be used to predict the properties of carbyne, the linear allotrope of carbon. In this work, model Stille and Cadiot-Chodkiewicz coupling reactions using iodoalkyne substrates were thoroughly investigated. Once optimal conditions were determined for each system, …

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