Digital Commons Network^™

Synthesis Of Substituted (Oxazepine, Diazepine, Tetrazde) Via Schiff Bases For 2- Aminobenzo Thaizole Derivatives, Selvana A. Yousif

Baghdad Science Journal

This work includs synthesis of several Schiff bases by condensation of 6- methoxy – 2- amino benzothiazole with some aldehydes and ketones (2- hydroxyl benzaldehyde, 4- hydroxyl benzaldehyde, 4- N,N –dimethy amino acetophenone, benzophenone) to abtain schiff bases (1-5). These schiff bases were found to react with phthalate anhydride to give oxazepine derivatives (6-10) that were reacted with primary aromatic amines to give Diazepine derivatives (11-15). Besides, we prepared new tetrazole derivatives (16-20) from the reaction of the prepared Schiff bases with sodium azide in the prepared compounds that were characterized by physical properties, FT-IR and some of the 1H-NMR …

Synthesis Of Some Heterocyclic Derivatives Of 1,8-Naphthyridine With A New Substitution On The Naphthyridine Ring, Ala I. Ayoob, Talat R. Al-Ramadhany

Baghdad Science Journal

The Synthesis in good yields of some new 1,8-Naphthyridine derivatives (1-9) and characterized on the basis of IR and 1H NMR spectra data. The compounds (1) and (6) were utilized as a starting material for the preparing of these compounds.

Synthesis And Characterization Of Some Heterocyclic Including Oxazoles,Thiazoles, Pyridazines, Phthalizines And Pyrazoles With Evaluating Of Biological Activity., Wissam K Jassim, A. M. Kadir, Ibtisam K Jassim

Baghdad Science Journal

A series of new compounds including p-bromo methyl pheno acetate [2]. N-( aminocarbonyl)–p-bromo pheno acetamide [3] , N-( aminothioyl) -p-bromo phenoacetyl amide [4], N-[4-(p-di phenyl)-1,3-oxazol-2-yl]-p-bromopheno acetamide [5],N-[4-p-di phenyl]-1,3-thiazol-2-yl-p-bromo phenoacet amide [6], p-bromopheno acetic acid hydrazide [7] , 1-N-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-1,2-dihydro-pyridazin-3,6- dione [8], 1-N-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-1,2-dihydro-phthalazin-3,8- dione[ 9], 1-(p-bromo pheno acetyl)-3-methylpyrazol-5-one [10] and 1-(p-bromo phenol acetyl)- 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole [11] have been synthesized. The prepared compounds were characterized by m.p.,FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Also ,the biological activity was evaluated .

Isolation Of Some Active Materials And Aqueous, Alcoholic And Oil Seed Extracts Of The Plant (Curcuma Longa)And Study Antibacterial And Anticancer Activity, Omar H. Al-Obaidi

Baghdad Science Journal

This study included isolation of some active materials from Curcuma longa such as tannins, saponins and volatile oils with percentage of 59%, 31%, and 9% respectively. Also the study included the determination of minerals in Curcuma longa such as " Na, Ca and K" using Flame photometer. The concentrations of these minerals were (14 ppm),(10 ppm) and )76 ppm) respectively. The anti-bacterial activity study was performed for the active materials isolated from Curcuma longa against two genus of pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus aurous by using agar-well diffusion method. It appeared from this study that all of the extraction …

Comparison Study Of Interleukin-1 Alpha Between Unstable Angina And Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients, Ammal E. Ibrahim, Zeina I. Ibrahem, Hamsa Thamer

Baghdad Science Journal

Multiple studies support a role for inflammation in the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis and unstable cardiac syndromes. However, of the known pro-inflammatory cytokines, only elevated plasma levels of interleukin-6(IL-6) have been linked to Unstable Angina. We sought to examine the plasma levels of other major proinflammatory cytokines in similar clinical settings patients with unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction and the relationship extent between them. This study aimed to investigate and compare the level of IL-1 in Unstable Angina and Acute Myocardial Infarction patients. Thirty patients with unstable angina and thirty patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction, also thirty healthy individual …

Assessment Of Salivary And Serum Proteins In Patients With Oral Tumors, Rukzan M. Dawood, Hathama R. Hasan

Baghdad Science Journal

The qualified subjects for this study included 33 patients with benign and malignant oral tumors aged 15-75 years and 31 matched age and gender healthy subjects used as control. Proteins measurements included total protein, albumin, globulines in sera and saliva samples, and immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA) in sera samples of control and patients. Meanwhile, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) was used to differentiate between protein patterns in both serum and saliva samples among the studied groups. The gel was also stained for glycoprotein to evaluate as well the changes in glycoprotein contents. For total protein, the results revealed a signifigant increase …

Spectrophotometric Determination Of Bismuth(Iii) With Arsenazo(Iii) Reagent In Water Samples And Veterinary Preparation, Salim A. Mohammad, Mohammed M. Mohammed

Baghdad Science Journal

A simple , sensitive and accurate spectrophotometric method for the trace determination of bismuth (III) has been developed .This method is based on the reaction of bismuth (III) with arsenazo(III) in acid solution (pH=1.9) to form a blue water soluble complex which exhibits maximum absorption at 612nm .Beer's law is obeyed over the concentration range of 2-85 µg bismuth (III) in a final volume of 20 mL( i.e. 0.1 – 4.25µg.mL-1) with a correlation coefficient of (0.9981) and molar absorptivity 1.9×104 L.mol-1.cm-1 . The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) are 0.0633 and 0.0847 µg.mL-1 , …

Comparing Study Of The Stability And Spectral Properties Vibrations For Some Tellurium (Iv) Compounds Containing Cycloctadienyl Group By Quantum Mechanical Calculations, Manal Obaid Hamza, Abdel-Amir M. Finjan

Baghdad Science Journal

Density Functional Theory (DFT) with B3LYP hybrid exchange-correlation functional and 3-21G basis set and semi-empirical methods (PM3) were used to calculate the energies (total energy, binding energy (Eb), molecular orbital energy (EHOMO-ELUMO), heat of formation (∆Hf)) and vibrational spectra for some Tellurium (IV) compounds containing cycloctadienyl group which can use as ligands with some transition metals or essential metals of periodic table at optimized geometrical structures.

Age-Independent Increases In Male Salivary Testosterone During Horticultural Activity Among Tsimane Forager-Farmers, Benjamin C. Trumble, Daniel K. Cummings, Kathleen A. O'Connor, Darryl J. Holman, Eric A. Smith, Hillard Kaplan, Michael D. Gurven

ESI Publications

Testosterone plays an important role in mediating male reproductive trade-offs in many vertebrate species, augmenting muscle and influencing behavior necessary for male-male competition and mating-effort. Among humans, testosterone may also play a key role in facilitating male provisioning of offspring as muscular and neuromuscular performance are deeply influenced by acute changes in testosterone. This study examines acute changes in salivary testosterone among 63 Tsimane men ranging in age from 16–80 (mean 38.2) years during one-hour bouts of treechopping while clearing horticultural plots. The Tsimane forager-horticulturalists living in the Bolivian Amazon experience high energy expenditure associated with food production, have high …

A Suite Of Tools For Roc Analysis Of Spatial Models, Jean François Mas, Britaldo Soares Filho, Robert Gilmore Pontius, Michelle Farfán Gutiérrez, Hermann Rodrigues

Geography

The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) is widely used for assessing the performance of classification algorithms. In GIScience, ROC has been applied to assess models aimed at predicting events, such as land use/cover change (LUCC), species distribution and disease risk. However, GIS software packages offer few statistical tests and guidance tools for ROC analysis and interpretation. This paper presents a suite of GIS tools designed to facilitate ROC curve analysis for GIS users by applying proper statistical tests and analysis procedures. The tools are freely available as models and submodels of Dinamica EGO freeware. The tools give the ROC curve, the …

Measuring The Temporal Instability Of Land Change Using The Flow Matrix, D. S.M. Runfola, Robert Gilmore Pontius

Geography

This article introduces the Flow matrix, which expresses the sizes of transitions among categories between two time points. We use the Flow matrix to create a metric R that measures the instability of annual change among time intervals that partition the time extent. Specifically, R is the proportion of change that would need to be reallocated to different time interval(s) to achieve uniform change during the time extent. This article computes R for 10 Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites and for seven case studies from published land change data. Of the 10 LTER sites analyzed, the Andrews site in …

Jamming The Machine: The Personal-Political In Annabel Nicolson’S Reel Time, K Parker

School of Art, Design and Architecture

No abstract provided.

Development Of An Ecophysiological Model For Diplosphaera Colotermitum Tav2, A Termite Hindgut Verrucomicrobium, Jantiya Isanapong, W. Sealy Hambright, Austin G. Willis, Atcha Boonmee

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

Termite hindguts are populated by a dense and diverse community of microbial symbionts working in concert to transform lignocellulosic plant material and derived residues into acetate, to recycle and fix nitrogen, and to remove oxygen. Although much has been learned about the breadth of microbial diversity in the hindgut, the ecophysiological roles of its members is less understood. In this study, we present new information about the ecophysiology of microorganism Diplosphaera colotermitum strain TAV2, an autochthonous member of the Reticulitermes flavipes gut community. An integrated high-throughput approach was used to determine the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of cells grown under …

Nonequilibrium Heterogeneous Catalysis In The Long Mean-Free-Path Regime, D. P. Sheehan

Physics and Biophysics: Faculty Scholarship

It is shown that a standard principle of traditional catalysis-that a catalyst does not alter the final thermodynamic equilibrium of a reaction-can fail in low-pressure, heterogeneous gas-surface reactions. Kinetic theory for this epicatalysis is presented, and two well-documented experimental examples are detailed: surface ionized plasmas and hydrogen dissociation on refractory metals. This phenomenon should be observable over a wide range of temperatures and pressures, and for a broad spectrum of heterogeneous reactions. By transcending some constraints of equilibrium thermodynamics, epicatalysis might provide additional control parameters and synthetic routes for reactions, and enable product streams boosted in thermochemical energy or desirable …

An Investigation Of Decision Analytic Methodologies For Stress Identification, Yong Deng, Chao-Hsien Chu, Huayou Si, Qixun Zhang, Zhonghai Wu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In modern society, more and more people are suffering from some type of stress. Monitoring and timely detecting of stress level will be very valuable for the person to take counter measures. In this paper, we investigate the use of decision analytics methodologies to detect stress. We present a new feature selection method based on the principal component analysis (PCA), compare three feature selection methods, and evaluate five information fusion methods for stress detection. A driving stress data set created by the MIT Media lab is used to evaluate the relative performance of these methods. Our study show that the …

Marc Coding For Serials, Elizabeth Mcdonald, Beverly Geckle

NASIG Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Inferring User Knowledge Level From Eye Movement Patterns, Michael J. Cole, Jacek Gwizdka, Chang Liu, Nicholas J. Belkin, Xiangmin Zhang

School of Information Sciences Faculty Research Publications

The acquisition of information and the search interaction process is influenced strongly by a person’s use of their knowledge of the domain and the task. In this paper we show that a user’s level of domain knowledge can be inferred from their interactive search behaviors without considering the content of queries or documents. A technique is presented to model a user’s information acquisition process during search using only measurements of eye movement patterns. In a user study (n=40) of search in the domain of genomics, a representation of the participant’s domain knowledge was constructed using self-ratings of knowledge of genomics-related …

Imagining The Kingdom (Book Review), Laurence C. Sibley

Pro Rege

Reviewed TItle: Smith, James K. A. Imagining the Kingdom: How Worship Works. Volume 2 of Cultural Liturgies. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2013. 198 pages. ISBN 978-0-8010-3578-4.

Playing Hard-To-Get: Manipulating One's Perceived Availability As A Mate, Peter K. Jonason, Norman P. Li

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

‘Playing hard-to-get’ is a mating tactic in which people give the impression that they are ostensibly uninterested to get others to desire them more. This topic has received little attention because of theoretical and methodological limitations of prior work. We present four studies drawn from four different American universities that examined playing hard-to-get as part of a supply-side economics model of dating. In Studies 1a (N = 100) and 1b (N = 491), we identified the tactics that characterize playing hard-to-get and how often men and women enact them. In Study 2 (N = 290), we assessed reasons why men …

Ex Vivo Diffusion Tensor Imaging Of Spinal Cord Injury In Rats Of Varying Degrees Of Severity, Michael Jirjis, Shekar N. Kurpad, Brian D. Schmit

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The aim of this study was to characterize magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in proximal regions of the spinal cord following a thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI). Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 40) were administered a control, mild, moderate, or severe contusion injury at the T8 vertebral level. Six direction diffusion weighted images (DWIs) were collected ex vivo along the length of the spinal cord, with an echo/repetition time of 31.6 ms/14 sec and b = 500 sec/mm2. Diffusion metrics were correlated to hindlimb motor function. Significant differences were found for whole cord region of interest (ROI) drawings for fractional …

Hypoxia Preconditioning Increases Survival And Decreases Expression Of Toll-Like Receptor 4 In Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells Exposed To Lipopolysaccharide, Irshad Ali, Rahul Nanchal, Fouad Husnain, Said H. Audi, G. Ganesh Konduri, John C. Densmore, Meetha Medhora, Elizabeth R. Jacobs

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Pulmonary or systemic infections and hypoxemic respiratory failure are among the leading causes of admission to intensive care units, and these conditions frequently exist in sequence or in tandem. Inflammatory responses to infections are reproduced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) engaging Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Apoptosis is a hallmark of lung injury in sepsis. This study was conducted to determine whether preexposure to LPS or hypoxia modulated the survival of pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs). We also investigated the role TLR4 receptor expression plays in apoptosis due to these conditions. Bovine PAECs were cultured in hypoxic or normoxic environments and treated with …

Outer Retinal Structure In Best Vitelliform Macular Dystrophy, David B. Kay, Megan E. Land, Robert F. Cooper, Adam M. Dubis, Pooja Godara, Alfredo Dubra, Joseph Carroll, Kimberly E. Stepien

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Importance Demonstrating the utility of adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) to assess outer retinal structure in Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD).

Objective To characterize outer retinal structure in BVMD using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and AOSLO.

Design, Setting, and Participants Prospective, observational case series. Four symptomatic members of a family with BVMD with known BEST1 mutation were recruited at the Advanced Ocular Imaging Program research lab at the Medical College of Wisconsin Eye Institute, Milwaukee.

Intervention Thickness of 2 outer retinal layers corresponding to photoreceptor inner and outer segments was measured using SD-OCT. Photoreceptor mosaic AOSLO images within …

A Novel Bioassay Using Root Re-Growth In Lemna, A Park, Y-J Kim, E-M Choi, Mt Brown, T Han

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

A new phytotoxicity test method based on root elongation of three Lemna species (Lemna gibba, L. minor, and L. paucicostata) has been developed. Tests with aquatic plants have, typically, favored measurements on fronds (e.g. frond number, area, biomass) rather than on roots, due, in part, to issues associated with handling fragile roots and the time-consuming procedures of selecting roots with identical root lengths. The present method differs in that roots were excised prior to exposure with subsequent measurements on newly developed roots. Results show that there were species-specific difference in sensitivity to the five metals tested (Ag, Cd, Cr, Cu …

Physicochemical Characterization Of Safranal-Β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complexes Prepared By Supercritical Carbon Dioxide And Conventional Methods., Sanaz Abbaszadegan

Theses

Saffron (Crocus sativus. Linn) has attracted much attention over the last decade because it has a large number of potent and biologically active compounds such as crocin, crocetin, picrocrocin and safranal. Researchers have shown that safranal has high antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities against several types of tumour cells (e.g., hepatocellular carcinoma) both in-vitro and in-vivo. However, the low aqueous solubility of safranal prevents using it as a therapeutic or preventive agent.

β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) inclusion complexes are being used in pharmaceutical applications to alter physicochemical properties (e.g., solubility, volatility, stability, chemical reactivity, and bio-availability) of poorly water soluble drugs. Thus the …

Immune Dysregulation And Glucocorticoid Resistance In Minority And Low Income Pregnant Women, Elizabeth J. Corwin, Ying Guo, Kathleen Pajer, Nancy Lowe, Donna O. Mccarthy, Sarah Schmiege, Mary Weber, Thaddeus Pace, Brian Stafford

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Chronic prenatal stress contributes to poor birth outcomes for women and infants. Importantly, poor birth outcomes are most common among minority and low income women. To investigate underlying mechanisms, we tested the hypothesis that chronic stress related to minority or low income status is associated with glucocorticoid resistance as indicated by disruption in the cytokine-glucocorticoid feedback circuit. Home visits were conducted during which 3rd trimester pregnant women completed stress and depression surveys and provided blood for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Saliva was collected 5 times the preceding day for diurnal cortisol levels. For statistical analyses, women were grouped 3 ways, …

Allosteric Mechanism Of Water Channel Gating By Ca2+–Calmodulin, Steve Reichow, Daniel M. Clemens, J. Alfredo Freites, Karin L. Németh-Cahalan, Matthias Heyden, Douglas J. Tobias, James E. Hall, Tamir Gonen

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Calmodulin (CaM) is a universal regulatory protein that communicates the presence of calcium to its molecular targets and correspondingly modulates their function. This key signaling protein is important for controlling the activity of hundreds of membrane channels and transporters. However, our understanding of the structural mechanisms driving CaM regulation of full-length membrane proteins has remained elusive. In this study, we determined the pseudo-atomic structure of full-length mammalian aquaporin-0 (AQP0, Bos Taurus) in complex with CaM using electron microscopy to understand how this signaling protein modulates water channel function. Molecular dynamics and functional mutation studies reveal how CaM binding inhibits AQP0 …

Batch And Continuous Production Of Stable Dense Suspensions Of Drug Nanoparticles In A Wet Stirred Media Mill, Afolawemi Afolabi

Dissertations

One way to improve the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs is to reduce particle size of drug crystals down to nanoscale via wet stirred media milling. An increase in total surface area per mass loading of the drug and specific surface area as well as reduced external mass transfer resistance allow a faster dissolution of the poorly-water soluble drug from nanocrystals. To prevent aggregation of nanoparticles, polymers and surfactants are dissolved in water acting as stabilizers via adsorption onto the drug crystals.

In the last two decades, ample experimental data were generated in the area of wet stirred media milling …

Characterization Of Neural Ion Regulation Dysfunction During Insult And Evaluation Of Micro-Opioid Receptor Activation During Simulated Ischemia In The Pre-Botzinger Complex, Kyle F. Dobiszewski

Dissertations

The health and vitality of brain tissue is dependent upon the cells' abilities to maintain ionic homeostasis across their plasma membranes. Even slight alterations in intracellular or extracellular can have a devastating effect on excitability and neural vitality. This thesis investigates several concepts related to ion flux. First, it investigates how ion flux affects characterization of brain tissue by dielectric spectroscopy and what can be done to overcome that effect. Second, it investigates how ion flux can be used to describe the state of health of the tissue. Finally, it investigates if pharmacological intervention can attenuate some of the deleterious …

Development Of Correction Algorithm For Pulsed Terahertz Computed Tomography (Thz-Ct), Suman Mukherjee

Dissertations

For last couple of decades, there has been a considerable improvement in Terahertz (THz) science, technology, and imaging. In particular, the technique of 3-D computed tomography has been adapted to the THz range. However, it has been widely recognized that a fundamental limitation to THz computed tomography imaging is the refractive effects of the sample under study. The finite refractive index of materials in the THz range can severally refract THz beams which probe the internal structure of a sample during the acquisition of tomography data. Refractive effects lead to anomalously high local absorption coefficients in the reconstructed image near …

Examining Rural-Urban Population Change In The Southeastern United States, Buddhi Raj Gyawali, Anquinette Hill, Swagata “Ban” Banerjee, Duncan Chembezi, Colemore Christian, James Bukenya, Maifan Silitonga

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

This study examined the factors that influenced population change in 875 counties in the southeastern United States between 1970 and 2000, using U.S. Census data. Binary logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between socioeconomic factors and population change. The results of marginal probability estimates indicate that race and employment factors have been strongly related to population change in these counties. African-American-dominant counties have lost population to urban areas of more diverse counties. Our results suggest that individuals place high importance on better education, job opportunities, and living conditions in their decisions to move from their traditional places …