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Perspectives On Ethanol Toxicity In Medaka Embryogenesis And Possible Protection By Asian Ginseng (Panax Ginseng): Histological And Biochemical Analysis, Mona Hamdi Haron

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Alcohol is recognized as a classic teratogen capable of inducing a wide range of developmental abnormalities. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy may produce permanent brain damage in the fetus and is associated with the development of a life-long behavioral, social, and cognitive disorder now known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). The most clinically recognizable form of FASD is fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) which is characterized by specific features including facial dysmorphogenesis, mental dysfunction, growth retardation, and cardiovascular and limb defects. Due to ethical constraints, human studies of FASD are very limited. Therefore our current understanding of FASD is mainly based …

Discrepant Self-Reporting In Men And Women's Accounts Of Sexual Assault: An Analysis Of Survey Item Wording, Walter Thomas Rueff Jr.

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

From En Ventre Sa Mere To Thawing An Heir: Posthumously Conceived Children And Implications For Succession Law In Canada, Christine E. Doucet

Dalhousie Journal of Legal Studies

The rapid and continued advancements in assisted reproductive technology now make it possible for children to be both conceived and born after the death of a genetic parent. While succession legislation across Canada recognizes situations in which a child is conceived before, but born after, the death of a genetic parent, the majority of provincial legislative schemes are silent with respect to the succession rights of posthumously conceived children, specifically, the right to inherit on intestacy. Many of the provincial legislative schemes governing intestate succession were enacted before the development of assisted reproductive technology, and the legislatures perhaps did not …

Cover Page

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

Index

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

No abstract provided.

Time-Calibrated Phylogenies Of Hummingbirds And Hummingbird-Pollinated Plants Reject A Hypothesis Of Diffuse Co-Evolution, Erin A. Tripp, Lucinda A. Mcdade

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Neotropical ecosystems house levels of species diversity that are unmatched by any other region on Earth. One hypothesis to explain this celebrated diversity invokes a model of biotic interactions in which interspecific interactions drive diversification of two (or more) lineages. When the impact of the interaction on diversification is reciprocal, diversification of the lineages should be contemporaneous. Although past studies have provided evidence needed to test alternative models of diversification such as those involving abiotic factors (e.g., Andean uplift, shifting climatological regimes), tests of the biotic model have been stymied by lack of evolutionary time scale for symbiotic partners. In …

Don’T Let Go Of The Rope: Reducing Readmissions By Recognizing Hospitals’ Fiduciary Duties To Their Discharged Patients, Thomas L. Hafemeister, Joshua Hinckley Porter

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Gone With The Wind: Why Even Utility Patents Cannot Fence In Self-Replicating Technologies, Jessica Lynd

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Genomics Of A Metamorphic Timing Qtl: Met1 Maps To A Unique Genomic Position And Regulates Morph And Species-Specific Patterns Of Brain Transcription, Robert B. Page, Meredith A. Boley, David K. Kump, Stephen R. Voss

Biology Faculty Publications

Very little is known about genetic factors that regulate life history transitions during ontogeny. Closely related tiger salamanders (Ambystoma species complex) show extreme variation in metamorphic timing, with some species foregoing metamorphosis altogether, an adaptive trait called paedomorphosis. Previous studies identified a major effect quantitative trait locus (met1) for metamorphic timing and expression of paedomorphosis in hybrid crosses between the biphasic Eastern tiger salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum) and the paedomorphic Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum). We used existing hybrid mapping panels and a newly created hybrid cross to map the met1 genomic region and …

Effect Of 2-Deoxyglucose On Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines, Alex Olinger, Pratik Muley, Hemachand Tummala

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

The third leading cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. is colon cancer. The major disadvantage of cancer chemotherapy is its non-selective toxicity to healthy cells at the therapeutic doses. A possible target selective for cancer cells is their dependence on glycolysis for cellular energy. 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG) is a glycolytic inhibitor that has been shown to be safe in both animals and humans. The molecular mechanisms for the anticancer effect of 2-DG cannot be explained solely by its glycolytic inhibition. In this manuscript we studied the effect of 2-DG on colon cancer cells and its possible molecular mechanism. Colon cancer …

The Effect Of Talent Management On Organizational Success: A Comparative Study In The Petroleum Sector In Egypt, Hadia Fakhreldin

Business Administration

Multinational companies started introducing and implementing talent management (TM) in the 1990s. It is now popular in the private and non-governmental sector, as well. The idea is to identify talent and manage it in the best way that benefits both the organization and the employee. There is a significant relationship between investments in talents and the ability to achieve and maintain high performance. When organizations manage human capital as a strategic asset, they will have the type of skilled workforce that is the key to achieve sustained business results and ultimately successful outcomes. This study examines the effect of TM …

Walk This Way: Predicting Postoperative And Discharge Outcomes Among Ambulatory Surgical Patients, Charles Odonkor

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Within the ambulatory surgical setting, existing risk prediction models focus predominantly on postoperative factors of nausea, vomiting, and pain, but do not uniformly specify preoperative predictors of outcomes across multiple surgical specialties. Identification of preoperative markers, specifically those that are reversible, is key to improving risk stratification and designing patient-specific clinical interventions. Recent work shows that preoperative gait speed is a promising marker of postoperative morbidity and mortality within the inpatient surgical population. However, it remains to be explored whether gait speed is sensitive enough to delineate discharge and postoperative outcomes within the ambulatory surgical population.

We sought to determine …

Gene Expression Signature As A Diagnostic Test For Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms: A Validation Study, Adam Sang

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) are clinically-silent diseases that predispose individuals to life-threatening aortic dissection or rupture. If detected early, TAAs can be safely treated with elective surgery. Therefore, there is a great clinical need in screening for TAAs. However, no reliable screening programs exist, and radiographic imaging is too costly and harmful for screening entire at-risk populations. We hypothesize that a novel diagnostic blood test based on the gene-expression profiles of a previously-identified panel of 41 genes (a RNA signature) is greater than 70% sensitive in detecting TAAs. Using RNA extracted from peripheral blood cells of 40 individuals (24 TAA …

Pilot Study Of A Somatosensory Intervention To Improve Medical Adherence In Patients With Uncontrolled Hypertension, Justin M. Steinberg

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background

Essential hypertension is the most common primary diagnosis in the US, with myriad and

serious sequelae inflicting significant morbidity upon individuals and economic losses

upon society. Estimates of adherence to prescribed medication regimens range from 20%

to 60%. Because hypertension is largely asymptomatic, patients may underestimate both

the benefits of adherence and the costs of nonadherence. This novel educational

intervention seeks to encourage adherent behavior by providing patients with a conscious

manifestation of their disease severity through manipulation of pressurized balls.

Methods

Randomized controlled pilot trial of patients under treatment for hypertension with SBP

≥140mmHg or DBP ≥90mmHg at …

Targeted Sirna Directed Therapy To Increase Chemosensitivity In Drug Resistant Bladder Cancer Cells, Jerry Trejo

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Chemoresistance is a common problem encountered by patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma. Recent studies have investigated the mechanisms of drug resistance in cancer, particularly agents of the DNA damage repair pathway. One major player in this pathway is Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated and Rad3-Related protein (ATR), a kinase that becomes activated during nuclear damage yielding a single-stranded DNA break. Due to the fact that many traditional chemotherapeutic agents induce cytotoxicity by initiating DNA damage, ATR is an attractive target for investigating the mechanism behind multidrug resistant urothelial carcinoma.

Using two bladder cancer cell lines, MMCR (a drug-resistant cell line) and RT4 (a …

The Role Of Fibroblast Growth Factors In Cortical Regeneration After Perinatal Hypoxia: A Model For Neurological Recovery In Premature Children, Devon Marc Fagel

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Chronic perinatal hypoxia causes a significant loss of total brain volume, brain weight and cortical neuron number. These measures are completely reversed following recovery in normoxic conditions. Yet, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this plasticity are not well understood. Here, we show that hypoxia from postnatal days 3 (P3) to 10-11 causes a 30% decrease in cortical neurons and a 24% decrease in cortical volume. Excitatory neuron numbers were completely recovered one month after the insult, but the mice showed a residual deficit in GABAergic interneurons. In contrast, hypoxic mice carrying a disrupted fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (Fgfr1) gene …

Central Lymph Node Dissection In Patients With Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Population Level Analysis Of 14257 Cases, Chineme Enyioha

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

CENTRAL LYMPH NODE DISSECTION IN PATIENTS WITH PAPILLARY THYROID CANCER: A POPULATION LEVEL ANALYSIS OF 14,257 CASES. Chineme Enyioha, Sanziana Roman and Julie Ann Sosa. Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

The role of prophylactic central lymph node dissection (CLND) in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer has been controversial. This study analyzes the impact of patient demographic factors and tumor size on surgery with CLND in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in the U.S.

All patients >/= 18 with PTC and follicular variant-PTC, who underwent thyroidectomy with or without CLND in SEER, 2004-08, were included. …

Sirna Therapy In Glioblastoma Stem Cells: Identification Of Target Genes And Potential Therapeutic Implications., Benjamin Himes

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common primary brain malignancy, carries a grim prognosis; survival statistics have scarcely improved in decades. Even with the development of temozolomide, the current front-line chemotherapeutic agent for GBM, improvement in long-term survival has been minimal, with recurrence virtually assured. One explanation for the persistence of this disease is the presence of a stem-like cell population within GBM (glioblastoma stem cells, or GSCs). These cells are capable of self-renewal, tumor initiation, and are resistant to chemotherapy. We hypothesized that derangement in the expression of genes critical for the maintenance of GSCs could eliminate these cells outright, …

Correlations Between Intracranial Aneurysms And Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms, Gregory Kuzmik

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

This project investigates the clinical occurrence of concurrent thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) and intracranial aneurysms (ICA). We hypothesized that patients with a TAA have an increased risk of harboring a concurrent ICA, and likewise that patients with an ICA have an increased risk of harboring a concurrent TAA relative to the general population. In a separate arm of this project, we hypothesized that a pre-defined gene expression profile, based on the expression levels of 41 specific genes measured in peripheral blood cells, will exhibit a characteristic expression pattern in ICA patients and thereby have utility in detecting the presence of …

Pravastatin Does Not Prevent Antiphospholipid Antibody Effects On Human First Trimester Trophoblast Function, Ebele Odiari

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Women with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) have circulating antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and are at risk for recurrent pregnancy loss and late pregnancy complications due placental dysfunction. Recent research has demonstrated that aPL directly alter human first trimester trophoblast function by up–regulating inflammatory cytokines, limiting cell migration, and altering angiogenic factor production. Due to their anti–inflammatory properties, Statins have been tested both in vitro, using human trophoblast, and In vivo, using a mouse model, for the treatment of APS-associated pregnancy complications and preeclampsia. In vivo mouse studies showed that statins prevent aPL–mediated fetal loss, whereas in vitro human studies suggest that statins, …

The Meaning Of Music-Making For Computer Scientists With A Serious Musing-Making Avocation: A Phenomenological Case Study, Varda Shaked

Educational Studies Dissertations

This study explores the meaning of music-making in the lives of computer scientists who play classical music as their serious avocation. In particular, it investigates their tendencies and capacities to concurrently engage in two such distinct disciplines on a regular basis, by exploring the cognitive, social, and cultural aspects of their concurrent engagement. While current research literature approaches the affinities between mathematicians/scientists and musicians through the presence of mathematical properties of music and through anecdotal evidence involving known persona and their innovations, this study provides a deeper look at the individuals who combine such worlds, in order to better understand …

Art Therapy For Enhancing Academic Experience Of Male High School Freshmen, Kelvin Antonio Ramirez

Expressive Therapies Dissertations

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of group art therapy interventions in improving social and emotional issues for male high school freshmen. The Behavioral Assessment System for Children Second Edition (BASC-2) was used to measure academically tracked high school freshman (n = 80) receiving the 12 week intervention in a group setting in comparison to an academically matched control group (n=76). Independent sample t-tests compared participants in the Honor, Average and At Risk Tracks who received art therapy versus participants who did not. The findings indicate that for participants in the honors track, those receiving art …

Art As A Catalyst For Resilience: Women Artists With A Life-Threatening Illness, Susan Firestone

Expressive Therapies Dissertations

This phenomenological inquiry focused on the experiences of 12 professional women artists diagnosed with major medical illnesses, mostly cancer. Data from three in-­‐depth interviews with each participant indicated that their beliefs, personal strengths, learned skills, and lived experiences were fundamental to their commitment to art as a way of life. The overarching question of whether long-­‐term involvement in creative practices acted as a catalyst for resilience during and after treatments became the seminal exploration in this study. Data analysis used methods for qualitative research devised by Moustakas (1994), Giorgi (1985), and Forinash (2012), and a conversational approach in interviews suggested …

Coping With Cancer : Improving Outcomes, Deborah Snead Abu-Alrub

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)

No abstract provided.

Bioavailability Of Manufactured Nanomaterials In Terrestrial Ecosystems, Jonathan D. Judy

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

Manufactured nanomaterials (MNMs) from the rapidly increasing number of consumer products that contain MNMs are being discharged into waste streams. Increasing evidence suggests that several classes of MNMs may accumulate in sludge derived from wastewater treatment and ultimately in soil following land application as biosolids. Little research has been conducted to evaluate the impact of MNMs on terrestrial ecosystems, despite the fact that land application of biosolids from wastewater treatment will be a major pathway for the introduction of MNMs to the environment. To begin addressing this knowledge gap, we have conducted a series of experiments designed to test how …

Evaluating The Sustainability Of Four Organic Vegetable Production Systems, Delia W. Scott

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

A field study evaluating the sustainability of four organic vegetable production systems was conducted in Lexington, Kentucky in 2006 and 2007. The four systems included no-till, raised beds covered with biodegradable black mulch, bare ground with shallow cultivation, and bare ground with shallow cultivation and wood chip mulch. The two-year study compared yield, weed control, labor, and costs associated with each system, as well as physical, chemical, and microbiological soil characteristics. In 2006, tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were grown in the four systems, with no significant difference in yield. Summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) was grown in the …

Land Use Impact On Soil Gas And Soil Water Transport Properties, Sleem Kreba

Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences

The consequences of land use choices on soil water and gas transport properties are significant for gas and water flux in agricultural environments. Spatial and temporal patterns and associations of soil water and soil gas characteristics and processes in different land uses are not well understood. The objectives of this study were to 1) characterize soil structure under crop and grass systems, 2) quantify spatial patterns and associations of soil physical characteristics in crop and grass systems, and 3) quantify spatial and temporal patterns and associations of CO₂ and N₂O fluxes. The research was conducted in a …

“Advise Me!” Understanding Undergraduate Student Perceptions Of Learning In Academic Advising, Schyler Simpson

Theses and Dissertations--Communication

This dissertation is a theoretically driven empirical analysis of instructional communication in academic advising. It explores the effects of perceived advisor accommodation on advisee learning. Specifically, it examines whether academic advisors employ accommodation communication that influence affect, cognitive learning, and behavioral learning outcomes in advisees. Four hundred and seventeen students were asked to report on their perceptions of learning through an online cross-sectional survey that addressed communication accommodation strategies employed in the advisor/advisee experience. Results show that behavioral learning (measured by intentions) was significantly predicted by advisor inquiry of school-related content (β = .391, p < .01); advisor attentiveness (β = -.169, p < .01); affect toward advising content (β = .154, p < .01); and cognitive knowledge (β = .244, p < .01)].

Both Sides Of Our Mouths: Contemporary Legends As A Means Of Dissent In A Time Of Global Modernism, Gerald D. Abbott Jr.

Theses and Dissertations--Communication

The legend is a permanent fixture of human societies. Though the legends themselves are permanent, their functions and meanings can fluctuate as the context in which they are told and retold shifts. As societies move through history, certain authoritative institutions create narratives that direct those societies and frame debates within them. Issues neglected by these institutions yet experienced by members of the population can be said to be unconstructed. Social problems that have achieved some level of construction inevitably provoke those who dissent from those constructions.

In these situations, members of a society look for alternative means for talking about …

Organizational Response To Perceptual Risk: Managing Substantial Response To Unsubstantiated Events, Elizabeth L. Petrun

Theses and Dissertations--Communication

Analysis and perceived severity of risk influences organizational decisions to anticipated threats. As economic development and technology improve our standards of living, they also create new challenges to conceptualizing concrete and abstract threats. Organizations that face new threats, along with agencies that oversee these organizations, produce tightly coupled systems that increase risks for direct, indirect, and future stakeholders (Perrow, 1999). Natural disasters, political misbehavior, organizational corruption, financial collapse, food and water contaminations, chemical or nuclear accidents, international tension, to name a few, all present risks and challenges. Unfortunately, many of these situations endanger the lives and well-being of persons. The …