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2013

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Who's The Father?, Naomi Cahn, June Carbone Jan 2013

Who's The Father?, Naomi Cahn, June Carbone

Articles

As this brief online essay observes, the litigation that produced the Supreme Court 2013 decision in Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl demonstrates why we are no closer to a definitive resolution of what to do when parents do not share assumptions about how to raise their child. The case illustrates the national lack of agreement on what makes someone a parent. At the core of these differences is the question of how to align parental behavior with the promotion of the child’s interest in stable and secure relationships.

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The Gender/Class Divide: Reproduction, Privilege, And The Workplace, June Carbone, Naomi Cahn Jan 2013

The Gender/Class Divide: Reproduction, Privilege, And The Workplace, June Carbone, Naomi Cahn

Articles

This article evaluates the relationship between workplace equality and the technology of egg freezing, which allows women to “bank” their eggs until they are ready to use them. As the workplace increasingly rewards education and career investment, middle class women postpone family formation until they have attained a measure of financial security and the maturity to balance dual earner arrangements. Yet, as they age, their reproductive potential diminishes dramatically. By contrast, women who do not complete college (and aren’t even thinking about graduate school) bear children at different times in their life cycles, with less leverage with employers, and different …

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Women's Exclusion From The Constitutional Canon, Jill Elaine Hasday Jan 2013

Women's Exclusion From The Constitutional Canon, Jill Elaine Hasday

Articles

This Essay asks why sex equality is outside the constitutional canon. While race discrimination is a canonical concern of constitutional law, the story of America’s struggles over and against sex discrimination is not widely taken to be a central, organizing part of our constitutional tradition — a defining narrative that exemplifies and expresses the nation’s foundational values and commitments. I offer three potential explanations for the exclusion of sex equality from the constitutional canon. First, the Supreme Court’s jurisprudence developed in ways that suggested that sex discrimination was not a core constitutional problem and concern, especially when compared to race …

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Dynamic Energy Federalism, Hari M. Osofsky, Hannah J. Wiseman Jan 2013

Dynamic Energy Federalism, Hari M. Osofsky, Hannah J. Wiseman

Articles

U.S. energy law and the scholarship analyzing it are deeply fragmented. Each source of energy has a distinct legal regime, and limited federal regulation in some areas has resulted in divergent state and local approaches to regulation. Much of the existing energy law literature reflects these substantive and structural divisions, and focuses on particular aspects of the energy system and associated federalism disputes. However, in order to meet modern energy challenges — such as reducing risks from deepwater drilling and hydraulic fracturing, maintaining the reliability of the electricity grid in this period of rapid technological change, and producing cleaner energy …

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The Triple System Of Family Law, June Carbone, Naomi Cahn Jan 2013

The Triple System Of Family Law, June Carbone, Naomi Cahn

Articles

The Article analyzes the role of class in family structure and family law. Building on Jacobus ten Broek’s classic articulation of a “dual system” of family law, we explore the nascent development of a parallel third system of family law. In the early sixties, ten Broek argued that family law had two parts that differ in substance, purpose, and procedure. One system focused on private arrangements and supported the families of those who were economically self-sufficient. Ten Broek maintained, however, that a parallel second system existed, one imposed on those who sought public assistance. In this second system: i) the …

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Expensive Freedom: Establishing Marine Protected Areas On The Open Ocean Requires An End To The Freedom Of The Seas, Kirsten Selvig Jan 2013

Expensive Freedom: Establishing Marine Protected Areas On The Open Ocean Requires An End To The Freedom Of The Seas, Kirsten Selvig

Minnesota Journal of International Law, Vols 1-28:1 (1992-2019)

No abstract provided.

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A Retelling Of Classic Tales In A New Light Or Just Glares Of The Old : An Analysis Of "Once Upon A Time" From A Feminist Perspective, Jillian Lilly Schroeder Jan 2013

A Retelling Of Classic Tales In A New Light Or Just Glares Of The Old : An Analysis Of "Once Upon A Time" From A Feminist Perspective, Jillian Lilly Schroeder

Honors Capstones

This thesis offers a feminist analysis of the ABC television show Once Upon A Time. The show is a modem day fairy tale that retells familiar tales. Through content analysis of season one episodes and promotional material, I have come to the conclusion that Once Upon A Time has rewritten fairy tales that were once extremely sexist and very demeaning towards women. Once Upon A Time is more feminist and portrays women in more powerful and active roles. The women in this show are not just passive, idle princesses but active, strong and independent warriors. However in spite of this …

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Using Environmental Dna To Detect The Presence Of Blanding's Turtle (Emydoidea Blandingii), Amber Stedman Jan 2013

Using Environmental Dna To Detect The Presence Of Blanding's Turtle (Emydoidea Blandingii), Amber Stedman

Honors Capstones

Blanding’s turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) has been designated as threatened or endangered throughout a large portion of its range largely due to destruction and degradation of wetland and terrestrial habitat. More precise knowledge of locations where Blanding’s turtles are found would greatly aid efforts to protect this species. Unfortunately, Blanding’s turtles can be difficult to observe or trap, making detection difficult. Instead, environmental DNA (eDNA) collected from an aquatic habitat may be utilized as a cost and time-effective alternative to determine whether E. blandingii have recently occupied a given locale. For this study, we designed species-specific primers to amplify a 219 …

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Isolation And Characterization Of An Unknown Bacterium Containing Plasmid-Bome Genes Involved In Carotenoid Biosynthesis, Scott Smith Jan 2013

Isolation And Characterization Of An Unknown Bacterium Containing Plasmid-Bome Genes Involved In Carotenoid Biosynthesis, Scott Smith

Honors Capstones

An unknown bacterium, designated AM-6, was isolated from soil near Montgomery Hall and characterized by analysis of its molecular, chemical, morphological and physiological properties. Research techniques from a wide array of biology and chemistry fields were utilized in order to obtain complete analysis of the bacterium. Phylogenetic examination of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the bacterium was a member of the genus Micrococcus. The strain’s 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with other species in the genus Micrococcus ranged from 97.94%-99.93%. The physiological properties of AM-6 differed from other Micrococcus species. Major cellular fatty acids of strain AM-6 were …

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Simulation-Based Cognitive Workload Modeling And Evaluation Of Adaptive Automation Invoking And Revoking Strategies, Christina Rusnock Jan 2013

Simulation-Based Cognitive Workload Modeling And Evaluation Of Adaptive Automation Invoking And Revoking Strategies, Christina Rusnock

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In human-computer systems, such as supervisory control systems, large volumes of incoming and complex information can degrade overall system performance. Strategically integrating automation to offload tasks from the operator has been shown to increase not only human performance but also operator efficiency and safety. However, increased automation allows for increased task complexity, which can lead to high cognitive workload and degradation of situational awareness. Adaptive automation is one potential solution to resolve these issues, while maintaining the benefits of traditional automation. Adaptive automation occurs dynamically, with the quantity of automated tasks changing in real-time to meet performance or workload goals. …

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Interdiffusion Study Of Mg-Aa6061 System, Mian Fu Jan 2013

Interdiffusion Study Of Mg-Aa6061 System, Mian Fu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Magnesium (Mg) is a light-weight metal that has extraordinary physical and chemical properties for many potential applications in automobile, military, and electronics. Aluminum alloys, because of its light-weight, high strength and corrosion resistance have a wide range of commercial applications. Given these two, sometime competing, alloy systems, there are now many applications where the metallurgical compatibility of Mg- and Al-alloys are required for engineering applications. One such case is the development of diffusion barrier for U-Mo metallic fuel in Al-alloy cladding, where Mg, with its complete immiscibility with U and Mo is being considered as the diffusion barrier. While negligible …

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Testing For Indirect Benefits Of Polyandry In The Florida Green Turtle, Christopher Long Jan 2013

Testing For Indirect Benefits Of Polyandry In The Florida Green Turtle, Christopher Long

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Behavioral studies in the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) have indicated that promiscuous mating is commonplace. Though it has been shown that there is much variation in the rate of polyandry (females mating with multiple males), the drivers behind polyandry in this species are unknown. It has been speculated, but never demonstrated, that indirect benefits (fitness benefits resulting from offspring genetic diversity) play a role. However, previous tests of this hypothesis have limited scope of inference due to lack of environmental control. In this thesis, I attempted to study the indirect benefits of polyandry in Archie Carr National Wildlife Refuge (ACNWR) …

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Florida Local Government Conservation Planning: Variability, Drivers, And Policy Implications, Pamela Pannozzo Jan 2013

Florida Local Government Conservation Planning: Variability, Drivers, And Policy Implications, Pamela Pannozzo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the quality of Florida county government conservation planning. To assess conservation planning quality, a theoretical model of conservation planning as prescribed by the conservation science literature was first developed. A plan evaluation coding protocol was applied to local comprehensive plan Conservation Elements to determine the extent to which county-level conservation planning met the theoretical model. A high degree of variability in conservation planning quality was found. Highest quality conservation planning occurred in the Gulf coast counties of southwest Florida. Lowest conservation planning quality occurred in the Florida Panhandle counties. The quality of conservation planning of coastal counties …

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Light-Matter Interactions Of Plasmonic Nanostructures, Jennifer Reed Jan 2013

Light-Matter Interactions Of Plasmonic Nanostructures, Jennifer Reed

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Light interaction with matter has long been an area of interest throughout history, spanning many fields of study. In recent decades, the investigation of light-matter interactions with nanostructures has become an intense area of research in the field of photonics. Metallic nanostructures, in particular, are of interest due to the interesting properties that arise when interacting with light. The properties are a result of the excitation of surface plasmons which are the collective oscillation of the conduction electrons in the metal. Since the conduction electrons can be thought of as harmonic oscillators, they are quantized in a similar fashion. Just …

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Sex Ratios Of Juvenile Green Turtles (Chelonia Mydas) In Three Developmental Habitats Along The Coast Of Florida, Cheryl Sanchez Jan 2013

Sex Ratios Of Juvenile Green Turtles (Chelonia Mydas) In Three Developmental Habitats Along The Coast Of Florida, Cheryl Sanchez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The concept of temperature dependent sex determination (TSD) has been somewhat of an evolutionary enigma for many decades and has had increased attention with the growing predictions of a changing climate, particularly in species that are already threatened or endangered. TSD taxa of concern include marine turtles, which go through various life stages covering a range of regions. This, in turn, creates difficulties in addressing basic demographic questions. Secondary sex ratios (from life stages post-hatchling) were investigated by capturing juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas), 22.6-60.9 cm in straight carapace length (SCL), from three developmental areas along the east coast of …

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Optically Induced Forces In Scanning Probe Microscopy, Dana Kohlgraf-Owens Jan 2013

Optically Induced Forces In Scanning Probe Microscopy, Dana Kohlgraf-Owens

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The focus of this dissertation is the study of measuring light not by energy transfer as is done with a standard photodetector such as a photographic film or charged coupled device, but rather by the forces which the light exerts on matter. In this manner we are able to replace or complement standard photodetector-based light detection techniques. One key attribute of force detection is that it permits the measurement of light over a very large range of frequencies including those which are difficult to access with standard photodetectors, such as the far IR and THz. The dissertation addresses the specific …

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Population Dynamics And Environmental Factors Influencing Herbs In Intact And Degraded Florida Rosemary Scrub, Elizabeth Stephens Jan 2013

Population Dynamics And Environmental Factors Influencing Herbs In Intact And Degraded Florida Rosemary Scrub, Elizabeth Stephens

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Species have complex and contextual relationships with their environment; both the relative contributions of life-history stages to population growth and the effect of environmental factors on each stage can be different among co-existing species. Timing and extent of reproduction, survival, and mortality determine population growth, species distributions, and assemblage patterns. I evaluate the role of habitat (intact, degraded) and microsite (shrub, leaf litter, bare sand) on population dynamics of Florida scrub herbs. Isolated overgrown shrubs and extensive bare sand areas in degraded scrub were expected to decrease seed predation, reduce competition of herbs with shrubs, and provide larger habitat for …

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Journal Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science- Volume 67 2013, Academy Editors Jan 2013

Journal Of The Arkansas Academy Of Science- Volume 67 2013, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Eastern Spotted Skunk (Spilogale Putorius) At The Ouachita Mountains Biological Station, Polk County, Arkansas, L. M. Hardy Jan 2013

Eastern Spotted Skunk (Spilogale Putorius) At The Ouachita Mountains Biological Station, Polk County, Arkansas, L. M. Hardy

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

A population of the eastern spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius) has been discovered at the Ouachita Mountains Biological Station in the Ouachita Mountains of Polk County, Arkansas. In 2010 a motion camera recorded a very brief infrared video of an animal that, after much study and conversation with other biologists, was concluded to be an eastern spotted skunk. Since that time the identification has been confirmed with at least 6 still photographs and one additional video that have been obtained from 2 other locations on the station. At least 2 or 3 individuals are present. All were photographed at night in …

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Assessment Of The Modern Fish Assemblage In Mound Pond (Lonoke County) And Comparison With The Archeological Record, A. V. Fernando, M. A. Eggleton Jan 2013

Assessment Of The Modern Fish Assemblage In Mound Pond (Lonoke County) And Comparison With The Archeological Record, A. V. Fernando, M. A. Eggleton

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Mound Pound is a 56-ha oxbow lake of the Arkansas River. The lake has been disconnected from the Arkansas River main channel for over 2,500 years. The lake lies adjacent to the Toltec Mounds Archeological State Park, which contains the Toltec Mound Complex (3LN42). In October 2012, a multiple-gear sampling of the fish assemblage in Mound Pond was conducted using boat-mounted electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental gill nets. Across all gears, 501 fish specimens were collected and identified to species. Percent Similarity Index (PSI) and Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H') values were calculated using data from this survey and a previous …

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Millipeds (Arthropoda: Diplopoda) Of The Ark - La - Tex. Vi. New Geographic Distributional Records From Select Counties Of Arkansas, C. T. Mcallister, H. W. Robison, L. C. Thompson, M. B. Connior Jan 2013

Millipeds (Arthropoda: Diplopoda) Of The Ark - La - Tex. Vi. New Geographic Distributional Records From Select Counties Of Arkansas, C. T. Mcallister, H. W. Robison, L. C. Thompson, M. B. Connior

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

We continue to report, in the sixth of a series of papers, new geographic records for millipeds of the state, including noteworthy records for some taxa collected from Crowley’s Ridge in eastern Arkansas. This contribution documents 47 new co. records and includes records for 19 species within 9 families and 5 orders. More uncommon millipeds found included Okliulus carpenteri (Parajulidae), Eurymerodesmus newtonus (Eurymerodesmidae), Pseudopolydesmus minor (Polydesmidae) and undescribed species of Ethojulus (Parajulidae) and Nannaria (Xystodesmidae). Undoubtedly, additional records will be reported in the future as several gaps in the distribution of Arkansas millipeds remain.

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Valence-Length Correlations For Chemical Bonds From Atomic Orbital Exponents, F. D. Hardcastle Jan 2013

Valence-Length Correlations For Chemical Bonds From Atomic Orbital Exponents, F. D. Hardcastle

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Pauling’s empirical bond valence-length correlation has proven valuable because it offers a quick and convenient way of checking and evaluating molecular structures and determining oxidation states from measured bond lengths. In this study, a simplified quantum-mechanical approach was used to derive Pauling’s empirical bond valence-length relationship by considering overlap of hydrogen-like orbitals. An expression for the b “empirical” fitting parameter was derived in terms of atomic-orbital exponents. A new set of orbital exponents is presented using published atomic/covalent radii and a continuous function for the effective principal quantum. The b parameters calculated from the orbital exponents are consistent with bond …

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Synthesis, Characterization, And Properties Of Mononuclear And Dinuclear Ruthenium(Ii) Complexes Containing Phenanthroline And Chlorophenanthroline, Anwar A. Bhuiyan, X. Du Jan 2013

Synthesis, Characterization, And Properties Of Mononuclear And Dinuclear Ruthenium(Ii) Complexes Containing Phenanthroline And Chlorophenanthroline, Anwar A. Bhuiyan, X. Du

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The study of photophysical and photochemical properties of ruthenium complexes is of great interest for fundamental practical reasons. Ruthenium complexes have been investigated for use in artificial photosynthesis. This paper deals with the synthesis and spectroscopic investigation of custom-designed ruthenium complexes containing phenanthroline and chloro-phenanthroline ligands. These complexes maybe useful for biological electron-transfer studies. The heteroleptic ruthenium monomer complex Ru(phen)2(Cl-phen) (where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and Cl-phen=5-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline) was prepared in a two-step procedure previously developed in our laboratory. This monomer complex was used to prepare the ruthenium homometallic dimer complex, (phen)2Ru(phen-phen)Ru(phen)2, by utilizing the Ni-catalyzed coupling reaction. Both complexes were purified …

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Scarab Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) In The Dung Of Native Arkansas Mammals, J. B. Kelley, J. L. Hunt, M. B. Connior Jan 2013

Scarab Beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) In The Dung Of Native Arkansas Mammals, J. B. Kelley, J. L. Hunt, M. B. Connior

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Dung beetles are important ecological components of natural ecosystems. One primary activity is the fragmentation and recycling of animal dung. Little is known about the ecological impact of beetles associated with the dung of mammals native to Arkansas. We surveyed the dung of native mammals within Arkansas to determine the species and distributional patterns associated with dung. We searched and collected beetles in situ from the dung or nests of native mammalian species within Arkansas. We also set simple pitfall traps using dung of various native Arkansas mammals as bait. Most of the beetles collected were common dung beetles. However, …

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Water Quality Assessment Of Sager Creek Utilizing Physiochemical Parameters And A Family-Level Biotic Index, T. S. Wakefield Jan 2013

Water Quality Assessment Of Sager Creek Utilizing Physiochemical Parameters And A Family-Level Biotic Index, T. S. Wakefield

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

An annual rapid bioassessment and physiochemical survey of Sager Creek in Northwest Arkansas was conducted. Sager Creek is a first to second order stream that flows through the city of Siloam Springs, AR. Invertebrate collections and water samples were collected at three different reaches, with the most downstream reach being below the effluent of the Siloam Springs Wastewater Treatment Plant. Benthic arthropods were collected, identified, and counted to produce a family-level biotic index and a family-level index of diversity. Statistical analysis revealed that these indices were significantly different for the effluent- influenced reach. However, this difference could not be correlated …

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Distribution Of Soil Density At A Bottomland Hardwood Forest Wetland Restoration, Chicot County, Arkansas, B. E. Sleeper, Robert L. Ficklin Jan 2013

Distribution Of Soil Density At A Bottomland Hardwood Forest Wetland Restoration, Chicot County, Arkansas, B. E. Sleeper, Robert L. Ficklin

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Bottomland hardwood forest (BLHF) soils provide a myriad of ecosystem services, yet much information is lacking with respect to how soil physical properties influence biogeochemical cycling along topographic gradients. Current patterns of vegetation at a 149ha wetland restoration site in Chicot County, Arkansas, suggest the presence of ecologically significant variation in soil properties within the Perry Clay soil series. A study was initiated in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV) to map soil bulk density and texture as well as to identify the interrelationships between soil physical properties, soil organic carbon, and total nitrogen. A random grid was used to …

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Distribution Of Yellow Grub (Clinostomum Marginatum) Metacercariae In Black Bass (Micropterus Spp.) From Arkansas Ozark And Ouachita Reservoir Lakes, James J. Daly Sr. Jan 2013

Distribution Of Yellow Grub (Clinostomum Marginatum) Metacercariae In Black Bass (Micropterus Spp.) From Arkansas Ozark And Ouachita Reservoir Lakes, James J. Daly Sr.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Reappearance Of The Eastern Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus Collaris) Along Shorelines Of Bull Shoals Lake In Northern Arkansas, J. L. Rheubert, S. E. Trauth Jan 2013

Reappearance Of The Eastern Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus Collaris) Along Shorelines Of Bull Shoals Lake In Northern Arkansas, J. L. Rheubert, S. E. Trauth

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Ectoparasites Of Sciurid Rodents In Arkansas, Including New State Records For Neohaematopinus Spp. (Phthiraptera: Anoplura: Polyplacidae), C. T. Mcallister, M. B. Connior, L. A. Durden Jan 2013

Ectoparasites Of Sciurid Rodents In Arkansas, Including New State Records For Neohaematopinus Spp. (Phthiraptera: Anoplura: Polyplacidae), C. T. Mcallister, M. B. Connior, L. A. Durden

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Acknowledgment Of The Major Sponsors Of The Academy: Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission; Ouachita National Forest, Academy Editors Jan 2013

Acknowledgment Of The Major Sponsors Of The Academy: Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission; Ouachita National Forest, Academy Editors

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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