Digital Commons Network^™

A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Of A Plant-Based Nutrition Program To Reduce Body Weight And Cardiovascular Risk In The Corporate Setting: The Geico Study, S. Mishra, J. Xu, U. Agarwal, J. Gonzales, S. Levin, Neal D. Barnard

Medicine Faculty Publications

Background/objectives:

To determine the effects of a low-fat plant-based diet program on anthropometric and biochemical measures in a multicenter corporate setting.

Subjects/methods:

Employees from 10 sites of a major US company with body mass index 25 kg/m² and/or previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes were randomized to either follow a low-fat vegan diet, with weekly group support and work cafeteria options available, or make no diet changes for 18 weeks. Dietary intake, body weight, plasma lipid concentrations, blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1C) were determined at baseline and 18 weeks.

Results:

Mean body weight fell 2.9 kg …

(2013) Jessica Smith, Jessica Smith, Teresa Carithers

Ronald E. McNair Post-Baccalaureate Achievement Program

No abstract provided.

Cardiovascular Outcome Trials In Type 2 Diabetes And The Sulphonylurea Controversy: Rationale For The Active-Comparator Carolina Trial, Julio Rosenstock, Nikolaus Marx, Steven E. Kahn, Bernard Zinman, John J. Kastelein, John M. Lachin, Erich Bluhmki, Sanjay Patel, Odd-Erik Johansen, Hans-Jurgen Woerle

Epidemiology Faculty Publications

Sulphonylureas (SUs) are widely used glucose-lowering agents in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with apparent declining efficacy over time. Concerns have been raised from observational retrospective studies on the cardiovascular (CV) safety of SUs but there are few long-term data on CV outcomes from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving the use of this class of agents. Most of the observational studies and registry data are conflicting and vary with study population and methodology used for analyses. To address the SU controversy, we reviewed the recently published literature (until end of the year 2011) to evaluate the impact of SUs on …

2012-2013 - Graduate Council Annual Report, College Of Graduate And Continuing Studies, East Tennessee State University

Graduate Council Agendas and Minutes

No abstract provided.

Protection Against The Forced Return Of War Refugees: An Interdisciplinary Consensus On Humanitarian Non-Refoulement, Jennifer Moore

Faculty Book Display Case

This book contributes to a long-standing but ever topical debate about whether persons fleeing war to seek asylum in another country – ‘war refugees’ – are protected by international law. It seeks to add to this debate by bringing together a detailed set of analyses examining the extent to which the application of international humanitarian law (IHL) may usefully advance the legal protection of such persons. This generates a range of questions about the respective protection frameworks established under international refugee law and IHL and, specifically, the potential for interaction between them. As the first collection to deal with the …

National And Regional Estimates Of Term And Preterm Babies Born Small For Gestational Age In 138 Low-Income And Middle-Income Countries In 2010, Anne C.C. Lee, Joanne D. Katz, Hannah Blencowe, Simon Cousens, Naoko Kozuki, James M. Tielsch, +30 Additional Authors

Global Health Faculty Publications

Background

National estimates for the numbers of babies born small for gestational age and the comorbidity with preterm birth are unavailable. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of term and preterm babies born small for gestational age (term-SGA and preterm-SGA), and the relation to low birthweight (<2500 >g), in 138 countries of low and middle income in 2010.

Methods

Small for gestational age was defined as lower than the 10th centile for fetal growth from the 1991 US national reference population. Data from 22 birth cohort studies (14 low-income and middle-income countries) and from the WHO Global Survey on Maternal …

Um Health Program Combats Childhood Obesity In State, Lindsey Abernathy

University of Mississippi News

Kellogg Foundation grant funds health education, gardens, teacher fitness facilities in Delta schools

Student-Faculty Co-Inquiry Into Student Reading: Recognising Sotl As Pedagogic Practice, Saranne Weller, Grete Kotryna Domarkaite, Joseph Lam Chung Lam, Lidya Utari Metta

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

This paper reports the evaluation of a student-faculty collaborative study investigating international students’ perceptions of the role of reading in higher education. The study examined the academic reading and source-use practices of ten undergraduate students in a range of disciplines in one UK university. In previous research on student literacy practices, students are often positioned as research “objects” rather than as active participants with an investment in enhancing the student experience through engagement in pedagogic research. In this paper we present a case study of student faculty collaboration in the scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL). Drawing on the analysis …

Parents’ Role In Prevention Of Childhood Obesity, Shireen Shehzad

School of Nursing & Midwifery

No abstract provided.

Cardiovascular Health: Associations With Race-Ethnicity, Nativity, And Education In A Diverse, Population-Based Sample Of Californians, Georgiana Bostean, Christian K. Roberts, Catherine M. Crespi, Michael Prelip, Anne Peters, Thomas R. Belin, William J. Mccarthy

Sociology Faculty Articles and Research

Purpose—This study examined how race-ethnicity, nativity, and education interact to influence disparities in cardiovascular (CV) health, a new concept defined by the American Heart Association (AHA). We assessed whether race-ethnicity and nativity disparities in CV health vary by education, and whether the foreign-born differ in CV health from their US-born race-ethnic counterparts with comparable education.

Methods—We used data from the 2009 California Health Interview Survey to determine the prevalence of optimal CV health metrics (based on selected AHA guidelines) among adults ages 25 and over (n = 42,014). We examined the interaction between education and ethnicity-nativity, comparing predicted …

Nutrient Intakes Of Healthy Adults On A Gluten-Free Diet, Julie Devlin

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Gluten-free diets have gained popularity in recent years among healthy individuals. However, gluten-free foods are typically lower in essential nutrients. It was hypothesized that the average intakes of fiber and the selected B vitamins and minerals would be lower in the gluten-free group than in the regular diet group. Fifty-eight adults, aged 25-35, participated in the study. Participants completed a five-day food record and questionnaire. FoodWorks℗ʼ nutrient analysis software was used to evaluate intake of macronutrients and selected micronutrients. Gluten-free males consumed significantly lower amounts of carbohydrates, fiber, niacin, folate, and calcium but significantly higher amounts of fat and sodium …

The Socioeconomic Organization Of Communal Hunting: An Archaeological Examination Of Shoshone Collective Action, Matthew John O'Brien

Anthropology ETDs

This dissertation focuses on developing the means to investigate social organization of communal hunting among egalitarian groups. Communal hunting represents an alternative subsistence strategy that takes advantage of seasonal aggregation of prey species. To maximize returns from these large herds, human foraging groups opt to cooperate with additional groups that otherwise maintain their political independence during the rest of the year. Yet, what is not clear is whether these temporary large camps maintain their egalitarian ethos, giving an equal voice to all members or if the participants adopt an alternative social and political structure. This dissertation uses the case study …

Uab Opens New Dental Clinic To Care For Underserved Kids, Jim Bakken

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Dentures, A Matter Of Health: Proper Fitting Oral Prosthetics Improve Elderly Patients’ Overall Wellbeing, Michelle Gellar, Daniel Alter

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Scaling Of Crop Diversity And Optimal Allocation Of Foodshed Infrastructure, Michael Chang

Biology ETDs

Food hubs are organizations that manage the aggregation and distribution of local products, and are a small, but growing means to satisfy high demand for diverse, healthy diets. However, economic barriers inhibit small producers and distributors from developing mainstream, local consumer alternatives to industrial-scale products. To build foodshed, distribution hubs could help overcome these challenges by reducing costs through shared refrigeration, processing, and transportation infrastructure. However, there is no theory to help plan them. I present and test theory to allocate foodshed infrastructure based on insight by Dunn, et al. (2011) that Shannon diversity measured relative to a whole set …

Characterization By Nmr Of Reactants And Products Of Hydrofluoroether Isomers, Cf3(Cf2)3och3 And (Cf3)2c(F)Cf2och3, Reacting With Isopropyl Alcohol, Howard Knachel, Vladimir Benin, William E. Moddeman, Janine C. Birkbeck, Thomas A. Kestner, Tayna L. Young

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The 3M Company product Novec™ 71IPA DL, a mixture of methoxyperfluorobutane, methoxyperfluoroisobutane and 4.5 wt.% isopropyl alcohol, has been found to be very stable at ambient temperature, producing fluoride at the rate of ~1 ppm/year. Our earlier kinetic and theoretical studies have identified the reaction mechanism. This paper identifies the ¹H and ¹⁹F NMR chemical shifts, multiplicities, and coupling constants of reactants and the major products that result from aging the mixture in sealed Pyrex NMR tubes for periods up to 1.8 years at temperatures from 26 °C to 102 °C. Chemical shifts and coupling constants of fluorine …

Inflammatory Cytokines Alter Normal Lipid Mobilization In Adipocytes, Nicholas Steven Card

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

Obesity is an increasing trend within the United States and the importance of addressing both causation and effects of obesity are becoming more important. It has been shown that environment, genetics, and social behavior factors can lead to an increased risk of obesity. Obesity has also been associated with several negative health concerns including increased risk for heart disease, cancer, poor nutrition, and diabetes, among others. Beyond identifying individual factors that may lead to obesity, and be associated with it, it is important to take into account complex obese biological systems which may have multiple factors compounding any health problems. …

Association Of Vitamin D Deficiency With Prediabetes Among Elderly New Mexicans, Srilatha Sankarappan

Biomedical Sciences ETDs

In New Mexico, the mortality rate due to diabetes is 1.5 times higher than the nation. Diabetes causes a huge healthcare burden. In 2012, the national cost due to diabetes was $245 billion. Prior studies have established a positive correlation between vitamin D deficiency and diabetes; whether the same relationship holds for prediabetes is not well studied. Our purpose of the study was to find whether there was an association between vitamin D deficiency and prediabetes. We also wanted to find out if the association was stronger among Hispanics than non-Hispanic whites (NHW). Our rationale was to delay the progression …

Effect Of Mobile Phone Short Message Service On Adherence Rates To Antihypertensives At The Family Medicine Clinic, Barbara Karau

Master of Medicine in Internal Medicine

Background: Systemic arterial hypertension is the main modifiable risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease, which is the number one cause of death in high income countries and is increasingly becoming a cause of concern in Sub-Saharan Africa (1). Awareness, management and overall control of hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa is poor (2,3). Poor control stems from various causes; one being patient non-adherence with medication, a factor amenable to modification. The use of mobile health for behavioural change from low resource settings is gaining widespread use in management of communicable diseases (4,6). Mobile phone has the potential to significantly influence patients …

Researching Market And Supply-Chain Opportunities For Local Foods Systems: Setting Priorities And Identifying Linkages, Dawn Thilmany, David Conner, Kynda R. Curtis, Chyi-Lyi Kathleen Liang, Kranti Mulik, Jeffrey O'Hara, Martha Sullins, Timothy A. Woods

Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

There is an increasing array of land-grant, nonprofit, and other academic programs intended to support the development of food system enterprises and programs. However, research to track consumers' evolving preferences and behaviors within these systems and to measure the intended policy outcomes of any public investments in these systems is lagging. This research commentary represents a compilation of opinions and insights from those who are interested in exploring research priorities for economic, marketing, and supply-chain aspects of local food systems. The priorities that emerge are framed in the following way: (1) opportunities for increased and more targeted research to help …

Louisiana Agriculture Summer, 2013

Louisiana Agriculture

No abstract provided.

25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels In African American And Nigerian Women, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, John F. Aloia, Lara R. Dugas, Bamidele O. Tayo, David A. Shoham, Anne Marie Bertino, James K. Yeh, Richard S. Cooper, Amy Luke

Faculty Publications

Objectives: African Americans (AA) have substantially lower levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) than whites. We compared population-based samples of 25(OH)D in women of African descent from Nigeria and metropolitan Chicago. Methods: One hundred women of Yoruba ethnicity from southwest Nigeria and 94 African American women from metropolitan Chicago were recruited and compared using a standardized survey protocol and the same laboratory assay for 25(OH)D. Results: Mean 25(OH)D levels were 64 nmol/l among the Nigerians and 29 nmol/l among the AA. Only 10% of the values were shared in common between the groups, and 76% of the Nigerians were above …

2013 - 2014 University Catalog, Loma Linda University

University Catalog (2005 - present)

Volume 103, Number 1, July 2013

Published once a year, July 2013

Celestial Sips, Winston J. Craig

Lake Union Herald

No abstract provided.

Ethics In Research With Vulnerable Populations And Emerging Countries: The Golden Rice Case, Anne-Marie Duguet, Tao Wu, Annagrazia Altavilla, Hongjie Man

North Carolina Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Aboriginal And Non-Aboriginal Students Learn About Natural Health Products From Different Information Sources, Sarah O. Alkholy, Samiah N. Alqahtani, Audrey Cochrane, Maria Pontes Ferreira, Fidji Gendron

Nutrition and Food Science Faculty Research Publications

Natural health products (NHPs) include naturally derived botanical and nonbotanical products. Past research indicates a high prevalence of NHPs use amongst adults in the United States and Canada but does not clearly characterize NHPs use amongst students, ethnic variations of such use, or how users learn about NHPs. We hypothesize that there is a difference between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal students in how they learn about NHPs. To investigate this question, we conducted a cross-sectional study at First Nations University of Canada and the University of Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, during the fall of 2011. Aboriginal (n=214) and non-Aboriginal (n=749) students participated …

Proposal For An Animal Crimes Unit Within The Milwaukee Police Department, Caroline Knitter

Professional Projects

The incidence of animal abuse continues to rise in communities across this nation. The range of animal abuse crimes includes starvation and neglect, dog fighting, sexual abuse to malicious killing. Research indicates that crime against or involving animals often leads to crime against humans, interpersonal violence. Many animal abuse crimes go unreported, and the human victims involved are unidentified. Overburdened with crimes against humans, many police departments do not have the resources available to focus on animal abuse. To address this issue, animal crimes units are being initiated in police departments in some major cities. The purpose ofthis research study …

Analysis Of Synephrine Content In Bitter Orange (Citrus Aurantium L.) Dietary Supplements, Martha L. Newell

Theses and Dissertations

Many Americans are either currently taking, or have recently taken, non-prescription dietary supplements. These supplements claim to help prevent or relieve any number of ailments, but are not regulated by any governing body. One common use of dietary supplements is to aid in weight loss. Synephrine, the most abundant active component in bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L.) extracts, became a regular ingredient in weight loss supplements after the 2004 ephedra ban. The initial goal of this research was to use reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to determine the synephrine content of five dietary supplements and compare …

Measuring The Impact Of Health Education Modules In Cameroon, West Africa, Paulette A. Chaponniere, Susan M. Cherup, Lillie Lodge

Peer Reviewed Articles

Each year, more than two million people die from diarrhea-associated diseases. Although there is a global need for safe drinking water, culturally appropriate health teaching is essential to behavior change. This study evaluated the impact of a health education program in a small rural community in Cameroon. Flash cards and a modified version of the CDC-KPC 2000 survey were used to collect data in 57 homes. Children who lived in households with working Manz BioSand filters were less likely to have had diarrhea in the 2 weeks prior to the evaluation. There remained a gap between health knowledge and healthy …

Assessment Of The Dining Environment On And Near The Campuses Of Fifteen Post-Secondary Institutions, Tanya M. Horacek, Maria B. Erdman, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, Gale Carey, Sarah E. Colby, Geoffrey W Greene, Wen Guo, Kendra Kattelmann, Melissa D. Olfert, Jennifer Walsh, Adrienne A. White

Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the restaurant and dining venues on and near post-secondary campuses varying in institution size.
DESIGN: The Nutrition Environment Measures Survey for Restaurants (NEMS-R) was modified to evaluate restaurants as fast food, sit down and fast casual; and campus dining venues as dining halls, student unions and snack bar/cafe´s. ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s B and T tests were used to distinguish differences between dining venues and associated institutions by size.
SETTING: The study was conducted at fifteen US post-secondary institutions, 2009–2011.
SUBJECTS: Data presented are from a sample of 175 restaurants and sixty-eight on-campus dining …