Digital Commons Network^™

Computational Modeling Of Graphene Oxide Exfoliation And Lithium Storage Characteristics, Reza Mortezaee

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Graphene oxide is a two dimensional material obtained by adsorption of oxygen or oxygen-containing groups on graphene. Stacked layers of graphene oxide constitute graphite oxide. These materials have various applications such as a source material for graphene production, transport support for electron microscopy, flexible organic photovoltaic cells and use in Li-ion batteries. Generation of exfoliated graphene oxide from a graphite oxide precursor is achieved relatively easily in solution as compared to graphene exfoliation. In this study we investigate the details of the graphene oxide exfoliation procedure in solution by calculating the Gibb's free energies and reaction rates. We consider two …

A Latent Dirichlet Allocation/N-Gram Composite Language Model, Raymond Daniel Kulhanek

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I present a composite language model in which an n-gram language model is integrated with the Latent Dirichlet Allocation topic clustering model. I also describe a parallel architecture that allows this model to be trained over large corpora and present experimental results that show how the composite model compares to a standard n-gram model over corpora of varying size.

A Large Scale Distributed Syntactic, Semantic And Lexical Language Model For Machine Translation, Ming Tan

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The n-gram model is the most widely used language model (LM) in statistical machine translation system, due to its simplicity and scalability. However, it only encodes the local lexical relation between adjacent words and clearly ignores the rich syntactic and semantic structures of the natural languages. Attempting to increase the order of an n-gram to describe longer range dependencies in natural language immediately runs into the curse of dimensionality. Although previous researches tried to increase the order of n-gram on a large corpus, they did not see obvious improvement beyond 6-gram. Meanwhile, other LMs, such as syntactic language models and …

Type I Interferon Activation Of Natural Killer (Nk) Cells By Cytomegalovirus (Cmv) And Their Interaction With Dendritic (Dc) And Nkt Cells, Howaida A. Oulad Abdelati

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In our current study the roles of natural killer (NK) cells in regulation of the acute phase of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection were demonstrated. NK cells utilize perforin and gamma interferon to kill MCMV infected cells. Activation of NK cells is controlled by the balance between inhibitory and activation receptors and modulated by cytokines produced from the infected cells. Type I interferons are produced mainly by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs). Type I interferons have a substantial role in enhancing NK cells cytotoxic activity and NK cells proliferation and maintain cell survival through STAT mediated signaling pathway. IL-12 produced by dendritic …

Technical Report: Increasing Network Resiliency By Optimally Assigning Diverse Variants To Routing Nodes, Andrew J. Newell, Daniel Obenshain, Thomas Tantillo, Cristina Nita-Rotaru, Yair Amir

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Systematic Identification Of Tor Downstream Effectors Using Random-Walks On The Yeast Interactome, Shahin Mohammadi, Ananth Grama, Shankar Subramaniam

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

The Anisotropic Hyperelastic Biomechanical Response Of The Vocal Ligament And Implications For Frequency Regulation: A Case Study, Jordan E. Kelleher, Thomas Siegmund, Mindy Du, Elhum Naseri, Roger W. Chan

School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Using Puppets To Elicit Talk During Interviews On Engineering With Young Children, Brianna L. Dorie, Zdanna Tranby, Scott K. Van Cleave, Monica Cardella, Gina Navoa Svarovsky

School of Engineering Education Graduate Student Series

Interviewing can be tricky at best, but with a younger audience (< 5 years) there are some additional barriers that inhibit the interview process such as shyness, short attention span,lack of vocabulary, and level of parental guidance (Clark, 1999). When in an interview, a child may try to ‘second guess’ what the researcher wants them to say, especially if they believe that the interviewer may already know the answer (Gallop, 2000). Additionally young children tend to give monosyllabic answers to open ended questions (Tizard &Hughes, 1984), and might require more prompting than adults.One aide that has been recently investigated is the use of puppets to elicit children’s talk for research (Epstein et al., 2008). Puppets have been shown to: • Decrease children’s fears of the interview process • Lower anxiety levels • Help assess children’s knowledge • Help children to adjust to environment • Provide effective communication and teaching tools. Most research focuses on puppets within clinical contexts, but recently the use has been extended towards other applications such as qualitative interviews (Epstein et al., 2008),mathematical lessons (Cauley, 1988), promoting science engagement (Naylor et al,2007), and teaching phonics (Johnston & Watson, ???). However, there has not been any documented use of this research approach within engineering education.There are three common interview techniques involving puppets in practice: the Alien Puppet Interview (API) (Krott and Nicoladis, 2005), the Puppet Interview (PI) (Cassidy,1988; Verschueren, Buyuk and Marcoen, 2001) and the Berkeley Puppet Interview (BPI) (Measelle et al., 1998; Ablow et al., 1999). Each technique has a different strategy depending on how the child interacts with the puppet.As part of a larger project, children ages 3-5 were interviewed about an engineering task that they had just completed with their parents during a museum event. The interview was a hybrid mix of the Alien Puppet Interview and the Puppet Interview, depending on the way in which the child interviewee chose to interact with the puppet. Thirty interviews were analyzed for children’s interaction, quality of answers, and behavior toward the puppet.In the paper, we will provide more details about the specific interview approach used for our study (as well as insights into how children responded to this interview approach) in addition to a larger discussion of the three interview techniques in order to provide a research methodology resource for other pre-college engineering education researchers to use.

Cyclic Operation Of Molten-Salt Thermal Energy Storage In Thermoclines For Solar Power Plants, Z. Yang, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

The cyclic operation of molten-salt thermal energy storage thermoclines for solar thermal power plants is systematically investigated. A comprehensive, two-temperature model is first developed for the cyclic operation of a thermocline operating with a commercially available molten salt as the heat transfer fluid and quartzite rock as the filler. Volume-averaged mass and momentum equations are employed, with the Brinkman–Forchheimer extension to the Darcy law used to model the porous-medium resistance. Energy equations for the molten salt and the filler are coupled by an interstitial Nusselt number representing the heat transfer between the phases. A finite-volume approach is employed to solve …

Compact Models And The Physics Of Nanoscale Fets, Mark S. Lundstrom, Dimitri A. Antoniadis

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The device physics of nanoscale MOSFETs is reviewed and related to traditional compact models. Beginning with the Virtual Source model, a model for nanoscale MOSFETs expressed in traditional form, we show how a Landauer approach gives a clear, physical interpretation to the parameters in the model. The analysis shows that transport in the channel is limited by diffusion near the virtual source both below and above threshold, that current saturation is determined by velocity saturation near the source, not by the maximum velocity in the channel, and that the channel resistance approaches a finite value as the channel length approaches …

Evaporation Analysis Of Sintered Wick Microstructures, K. K. Bodla, J. Y. Murthy, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Heat pipes offer passive transport of heat over long distances without incurring a significant drop in temperature. Topological and microstructural details of the wick material embedded in a heat pipe help determine its thermal performance. A good understanding of pore-scale transport phenomena is crucial to enhancing heat pipe performance. In this study, pore-scale analysis of thin-film evaporation through sintered copper wicks is performed. X-ray microtomography is employed to generate geometrically faithful, feature-preserving meshes. Commercial sintered wicks with particle sizes in the range of 45–60 lm, 106–150 lm and 250–355 lm and with approximately 61% porosity are considered. The capillary pressure, …

Nucleate Boiling From Smooth And Rough Surfaces--Part 2: Analysis Of Surface Roughness Effects On Nucleate Boiling, J. P. Mchale, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

The effect of surface roughness on nucleate boiling heat transfer is not clearly understood. This study is devised to conduct detailed heat transfer and bubble measurements during boiling on a heater surface with controlled roughness. This second of two companion papers presents an analysis of heat transfer and bubble ebullition in nucleate boiling with new measures of surface roughness: area ratio, surface mean normal angle, and maximum idealized surface curvature. An additional length scale of importance, the maximum base diameter of an emergent bubble, is identified. Measurements of bubble departure diameters, growth periods, ebullition periods, and void fraction above the …

Two Methodologies: How Well Can Universities Predict Retention, Tiffany Lynette Gregory

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Student retention has been a long standing focus in higher education research with one of the earliest work dating back to 1937. Many researchers have proposed factors that affect a student's decision to depart from the university without successfully completing a degree. It is important to not only research different attributes and characteristics that affect student departure but it is also important to study different statistical methodologies. With the advancement in technology, new methodologies such as the Classification and Regression Tree (CART) have proven to yield significant results in a variety of research fields. As these new statistical methodologies emerge, …

Fiber Reinforcement Compaction In Resin Injection Pultrusion Process, Neerad Shakya

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Resin injection pultrusion is a cost-effective continuous manufacturing process to produce composites of constant cross-section. In this process, fiber reinforcements are continuously pulled through the injection chamber where liquid resin is injected to cause complete wetout of the fibers before exit. The fiber-resin combination obtained from the injection chamber is then cured to obtain the desired pultruded composite. There are various processing and geometric parameters affecting the wetout process. The main objective of this study is to present a numerical model to simulate the resin flow through the fiber reinforcement when compaction of the fibers is also taken into account. …

The Case For Interposed Abdominal Compression Cpr In Hospital Settings, Charles F. Babbs

Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications

Interposed abdominal compression (IAC)-CPR includes all steps of standard external CPR with the addition of manual mid-abdominal compressions in counterpoint to the rhythm of chest compressions. IAC-CPR can increase blood flow during CPR about two fold compared to standard CPR without IAC, as shown by multiple studies in computer and animal models. The technique increases the rate return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) for in-hospital resuscitations from roughly 25% to 50%. Improved survival to discharge is demonstrated in two in-hospital trials. IAC as an adjunct technique is quickly taught and is less complex than most other basic life support maneuvers. A …

Advances In Fluid And Thermal Transport Property Analysis And Design Of Sintered Porous Wick Microstructures, K. K. Bodla, J. A. Weibel, S V. Garimella

CTRC Research Publications

Sintered porous structures are ubiquitous as heat transport media for thermal management and other applications. In particular, low-porosity sintered packed beds are used as capillary-wicking and evaporation-enhancement structures in heat pipes. Accurate prediction and analysis of their transport characteristics for different microstructure geometries is important for improved design. Owing to the random nature and geometric complexity of these materials, development of predictive methods has been the subject of extensive prior research. The present work summarizes and builds upon past studies and recent advances in pore-scale modeling of fluid and thermal transport within such heterogeneous media. A brief review of various …

Robust Polyhedral Minkowski Sums With Gpu Implementation, Min-Ho Kyung, Elisha P. Sacks, Victor Milenkovic

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Usability Evaluation Of A Research Repository And Collaboration Website, Tao Zhang, Deborah J. Maron, Christopher C. Charles

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

This article reports results from an empirical usability evaluation of Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative Central as part of the effort to develop an open access research repository and collaboration platform for human-animal bond researchers. By repurposing and altering key features of the original HUBzero system, Human-Animal Bond Research Initiative Central hosts previously published materials from related disciplines and an extensive bibliography, in addition to traditional hub materials such as tools and datasets. Seven graduate students in the College of Veterinary Medicine at Purdue University participated in the usability evaluation. Tasks included exploring the system, finding an article in the repository, …

The Sudden Selector's Guide To Physics Resources, Michael Fosmire

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

This book provides a foundation to the resources and services unique to physics librarianship that will help you work successfully with your users. The first part of the book includes an overview of the discipline, including current hot topics of research (chapter 1), a brief introduction to the library liaison role (chapter 2), an analysis of the life cycle of information in physics and how physicists use different kinds of information (chapter 3). The second part of the book delves into the different types of information resources (books, journals, websites, and data sets) and describes which resources you need to …

A Justification For Semantic Training In Data Curation Frameworks Development, Xiaogang Ma, Benjamin D. Branch, Kristin Wegner

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

In the complex data curation activities involving proper data access, data use optimization and data rescue, opportunities exist where underlying skills in semantics may play a crucial role in data curation professionals ranging from data scientists, to informaticists, to librarians. Here, We provide a conceptualization of semantics use in the education data curation framework (EDCF) (Fig. 1) [1] under development by Purdue University and endorsed by the GLOBE program [2] for further development and application. Our work shows that a comprehensive data science training includes both spatial and non-spatial data, where both categories are promoted by standard efforts of organizations …

Using Existing Programs As Vehicles To Disseminate Knowledge, Provide Opportunities For Scientists To Assist Educators, And To Engage Students In Using Real Data., Steven Smith, Kristin Wegner, Benjamin D. Branch, Bridget Miller, Darrell G. Schulze, Ann M. Bessenbacher

Libraries Faculty and Staff Presentations

Many national and statewide programs throughout the K-12 science education environment teach students about science in a hands-on format, including programs such as Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE), Project Learning Tree (PLT), Project Wild, Project Wet, and Hoosier River Watch. Partnering with one or more of these well-known programs can provide many benefits to both the scientists involved in disseminating research and the K-12 educators. Scientists potentially benefit by broader dissemination of their research by providing content enrichment for educators. Educators benefit by gaining understanding in content, becoming more confident in teaching the concept, and increasing …

Pg-Puremd: A Parallel-Gpu Reactive Molecular Dynamics Package, Sudhir B. Kylasa, Hasan Aktulga, Ananth Grama

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Theoretical Foundations For Effective Stem Learning Environments, Aran W. Glancy, Tamara J. Moore

School of Engineering Education Working Papers

No abstract provided.

Structure Borne Noise Analysis Using Helmholtz Equation Least Squares Based Forced Vibro Acoustic Components, Logesh Kumar Natarajan

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation presents a structure-borne noise analysis technology that is focused on providing a cost-effective noise reduction strategy. Structure-borne sound is generated or transmitted through structural vibration; however, only a small portion of the vibration can effectively produce sound and radiate it to the far-field. Therefore, cost-effective noise reduction is reliant on identifying and suppressing the critical vibration components that are directly responsible for an undesired sound. However, current technologies cannot successfully identify these critical vibration components from the point of view of direct contribution to sound radiation and hence cannot guarantee the best cost-effective noise reduction.

The technology developed …

Financial Development And Health Capital Accumulation, Gunakar Bhatta

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation examines the interrelationship between financial development and health capital accumulation. While credit to GDP ratio, liquid liabilities to GDP ratio and market capitalization to GDP ratio are used as the proxies for financial development, health capital is represented by life expectancy, infant mortality and low birth weight. A simple static model in the utility maximization framework shows that financial development increases the medical care through income effect thus augmenting the health status. This is also supported by econometric analysis. Using various econometric models such as pooled OLS, fixed effect and instrumental variable approach, the study shows that higher …

A Phenomenological Study To Engage African-American Youth Voice In Deliberations Regarding Their Response To Schooling, Donna Michelle Coulter

Wayne State University Dissertations

To examine disparities in education, the researcher utilized a naturalistic approach to uncover how youth think, talk, and feel about their response to schooling. Findings are based on in-depth conversations with 12 inner city African-American kids enrolled in Urban, USA middle and high schools, rarely heard from in the scholarly literature. Students conveyed a belief system that schooling was the route to upward mobility, however, their responses to academic exercises seem to suggest an indifference. Primary findings suggest that students' (a) sense of safety and family tradition were key factors of student school selection; (b) understanding of how levels of …

Emerging Design Methodology And Its Implementation Through Rns And Qca, Omar Dajani

Wayne State University Dissertations

Digital logic technology has been changing dramatically from integrated circuits, to a Very Large Scale Integrated circuits (VLSI) and to a nanotechnology logic circuits. Research focused on increasing the speed and reducing the size of the circuit design. Residue Number System (RNS) architecture has ability to support high speed concurrent arithmetic applications. To reduce the size, Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) has become one of the new nanotechnology research field and has received a lot of attention within the engineering community due to its small size and ultralow power.

In the last decade, residue number system has received increased attention due …

Bridging The Divide: Second Language Teachers, Pedagogy, Content Knowledge, And Technology, Margo Fryling

Wayne State University Dissertations

Abstract

This study examines the use of technology, pedagogy and content knowledge with second language teachers, and comparing Title 1 and non Title 1 schools. Technology can be used to provide unique learning opportunities for second language learners. Second language students can benefit from technology by practicing skills, increasing motivation, providing authentic materials, creating interaction between students, teachers and peers, creating individual learning, encouraging global understanding and increasing communication in safe ways (Lai & Kritsonsis, 2006). Although technology shows promise for increasing second language student achievement, students continue to have varied access at home, perpetuating the digital divide that was …

Comparative Power Of The Anova, Randomization Anova, And Kruskal-Wallis Test, Jamie Gleason

Wayne State University Dissertations

The t test has been suggested to be robust to departures from normality as long as group sizes are equal and samples approach 30 or more. The F statistic has also been proposed to have the same robust qualities as the t, though researchers have suggested that because a test is robust to departures from normality, that does not necessarily make it the best test for every situation. With the increase in computing capabilities, the permutation ANOVA has been explored as an alternative to the ANOVA under non-normal conditions to rehabilitate the loss of statistical power. Since the permutation ANOVA …

A Qualitative Study: Integrating Art And Science In The Environment, Deborah Naughton Mills

Wayne State University Dissertations

The study was used to develop an understanding of the nature of a creative learning experience that incorporated the foundational elements of Reggio Emilia, place-based education, and experience design. The study took place in an urban high school with eight students in an advanced placement art class. The qualitative research project revolved around the pollinator garden that the science teacher planted in the year prior to the study and the garden that was planted in the spring. Students were asked to create an art project that could withstand the Michigan climate. The science teacher lectured on elements of the pollinator …