Digital Commons Network^™

Immune Defenses Amplify Parkinson's Disease Damage, Greg Williams

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Public Health Delivery Systems And Population Health, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

Despite high overall health expenditures, the U.S. continues to fall behind other high-income countries on many measures of population health. While health care delivery systems are now studied intensively for solutions to U.S. cost and quality problems, the nation's delivery systems for public health programs and policies are only now becoming the subject of rigorous empirical study. This presentation examines recent studies of public health delivery systems and important directions for future inquiry.

Platinum Complexes And Methods For Inhibiting Tumor Cell Proliferation, Heidi Kay, Jay W. Palmer, Joseph A. Stanko, Said M. Sebti

USF Patents

The subject invention concerns platinum complexes that exhibit antitumor cell and/or antiparasitic activity. The subject invention also concerns the use of platinum complexes of the invention to treat oncological and inflammatory disorders. The platinum complexes of the invention can also be used to treat or prevent infection by a virus or a bacterial or parasitic organism in vivo or in vitro.

Bacterial Isolates And Their Antibiograms Of Burn Wound Infections In Burns Specialist Hospital In Baghdad, Sadik Abdulridha Gatea Alkaabi

Baghdad Science Journal

A total of 54 out of 67 (80.59%) of burn wound swab showed growth of one, or two, or three bacterial pathogens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the commonest pathogen, isolated in 48.14% of swab samples, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (31.48%), Staphylococcus aureus (27.77%), Acinetobacter baumanii (14.81%), Escherichia coli (7.40%), and Citrobacter freundii, Providencia stuartii, Enterobacter cloacae, with 1.85% isolation percentage for each. All bacterial isolates were tested against 19 antibiotics, and showed multi-drug resistance to 10 antibiotics, or more. The most effective antibiotics were the fifth-generation cephalosporin, ceftobiprole, and and antibiotic combinations, as Ceftazidime / clavulanic acid, and Cefoperazone /sulbactam, and …

New Jersey Vaccine Mandates: The Confluence Of Regulations, Rights, And Religion, Drew Harris Dpm, Mph

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Population Health Matters, Spring 2013, Vol. 26, No. 2. Download Full Pdf

Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Infection Connection, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Infection Connection

No abstract provided.

Progress Notes, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Progress Notes

No abstract provided.

Moving Forward To 2014: Global Ihr (2005) Implementation, Julie E. Fischer, Rebecca L. Katz

Health Policy and Management Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Diarrhea As A Risk Factor For Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Among Young Children In Low Income Settings, Christa L. Fischer Walker, Jamie Perin, Joanne D. Katz, James M. Tielsch, Robert Black

Global Health Faculty Publications

Background

Diarrhea and acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children under 5 years of age. We sought to quantify the correlation of diarrhea and respiratory infections within an individual child and to determine if infection with one illness increases the risk of infection with the other during the same time period.

Methods

We quantified the likelihood of an ALRI and a diarrhea episode occurring during the same week compared to the likelihood of each occurring independently in two cohorts of children under 3 years of age using a bivariate probit regression model. …

Aetc-Nmc Enews Issue 10, Aetc Staff

AETC-NMC e-News

No abstract provided.

Mycobacterium Bovis (Bovine Tuberculosis) Infection In North American Wildlife: Current Status And Opportunities For Mitigation Of Risks Of Further Infection In Wildlife Populations, Ryan S. Miller, Steven J. Sweeney

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis), the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, has been identified in nine geographically distinct wildlife populations in North America and Hawaii and is endemic in at least three populations, including members of the Bovidae, Cervidae, and Suidae families. The emergence of M. bovis in North American wildlife poses a serious and growing risk for livestock and human health and for the recreational hunting industry. Experience in many countries, including the USA and Canada, has shown that while M. bovis can be controlled when restricted to livestock species, it is almost impossible to eradicate …

Localization Of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Bisphosphate To Lipid Rafts And Uroids In The Human Protozoan Parasite Entamoeba Histolytica, Amrita B. Koushik, Rhonda R. Powell, Lesly A. Temesvari

Publications

Entamoeba histolytica is an intestinal protozoan parasite and is the causative agent of amoebiasis. During invasive infection, highly motile amoebae destroy the colonic epithelium, enter the blood circulation, and disseminate to other organs such as liver, causing liver abscess. Motility is a key factor in E. histolytica pathogenesis, and this process relies on a dynamic actomyosin cytoskeleton. In other systems, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P₂] is known to regulate a wide variety of cellular functions, including signal transduction, actin remodeling, and cell motility. Little is known about the role of PI(4,5)P₂ in E. histolytica pathogenicity. In this study, we …

Health Law: Cases, Materials And Problems, Robert L. Schwartz, Barry R. Furrow, Thomas L. Greaney, Sandra H. Johnson, Timothy Stoltzfus Jost

Faculty Book Display Case

For more than two decades, Health Law: Cases, Materials and Problems has defined the field of health law, providing a balanced overview of law as it affects patients, professionals, institutions, and entities that deliver and finance U.S. health care. The 7th Edition of Health Law comprehensively reviews the provisions of the Affordable Care Act with topics such as the oversight of quality (including the latest developments in patient safety), cost control (including consumer-directed health care), guarantees of adequate access to services, exempt-organization tax issues, transactions and relationships among health care professionals and providers, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), …

Diseases At The Livestock–Wildlife Interface: Status, Challenges, And Opportunities In The United States, Ryan S. Miller, Mathew L. Farnsworth, Jennifer L. Malmberg

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

In the last half century, significant attention has been given to animal diseases; however, our understanding of disease processes and how to manage them at the livestock–wildlife interface remains limited. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature to evaluate the status of diseases at the livestock–wildlife interface in the United States. Specifically, the goals of the literature review were three fold: first to evaluate domestic animal diseases currently found in the United States where wildlife may play a role; second to identify critical issues faced in managing these diseases at the livestock–wildlife interface; and third …

A Comparison Of Who Guidelines Issued In 1997 And 2009 For Dengue Fever - Single Centre Experience., Munawar Khursheed, Uzma R. Khan, Kiran Ejaz, Jabeen Fayyaz, Irum Qamar, J. Razzak

Department of Emergency Medicine

Objective: To compare the original (1997) and revised (2009) versions of World Health Organization guidelines for dengue patients
Methods: Adult patients with a positive dengue Immunoglobulin M serology, and a diagnosis of dengue were included in the study at Aga Khan University Hospital during a three-year period from January 2005 to December 2007. Data related to these dengue patients was collected from their medical records. Guidelines were then applied by the research assistant and correlation among these guidelines was computed. SPSS 19 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: A total of 612 patients were found with a diagnosis of dengue, …

Use Of Image Cytometry For Quantification Of Pathogenic Fungi In Association With Host Cells, Charlotte A. Berkes, Leo Li-Ying Chan, Alisha Wilkinson, Benjamin Paradis

Biology Faculty Publications

Studies of the cellular pathogenesis mechanisms of pathogenic yeasts such as Candida albicans, Histoplasma capsulatum, and Cryptococcus neoformans commonly employ infection of mammalian hosts or host cells (i.e. macrophages) followed by yeast quantification using colony forming unit analysis or flow cytometry. While colony forming unit enumeration has been the most commonly used method in the field, this technique has disadvantages and limitations, including slow growth of some fungal species on solid media and low and/or variable plating efficiencies, which is of particular concern when comparing growth of wild-type and mutant strains. Flow cytometry can provide rapid quantitative information regarding yeast …

Schizophrenia: Causes, Crime, And Implications For Criminology And Criminal Justice, Anthony Walsh, Ilhong Yun

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper is aimed at criminologists and criminal justicians seeking to understand their role in educating law enforcement and correctional personnel who must deal with the mentally ill. It is motivated by William Johnson's (2011) recent call for rethinking the interface between mental illness, criminal justice, and academia, and his call for advocacy. We concur with his concerns, and insist that this rethinking must necessarily include grounding in the etiology of mental illness (specifically, with schizophrenia) as it is currently understood by researchers in the area. Advocacy must go hand in hand with a thorough knowledge of the condition of …

Evolutionary History Of Hiv-1 Subtype B And Crf01_Ae Transmission Clusters Among Men Who Have Sex With Men(Msm) In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, K.T. Ng, L.Y. Ong, S.H. Lim, Y. Takebe, A. Kamarulzaman, K.K. Tee

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

HIV-1 epidemics among men who have sex with men (MSM) continue to expand in developed and developing countries. Although HIV infection in MSM is amongst the highest of the key affected populations in many countries in Southeast Asia, comprehensive molecular epidemiological study of HIV-1 among MSM remains inadequate in the region including in Malaysia. Here, we reported the phylodynamic profiles of HIV-1 genotypes circulating among MSM population in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A total of n = 459 newly-diagnosed treatment-naı¨ve consenting subjects were recruited between March 2006 and August 2012, of whom 87 (18.9%) were self-reported MSM. Transmitted drug resistance mutations …

Case Commentaries

Transactions: The Tennessee Journal of Business Law

No abstract provided.

Novel Sars-Like Betacoronaviruses In Bats, China, 2011, Li Yang, Zhiqiang Wu, Xianwen Ren

KIP Articles

To clarify the evolutionary relationships among betavoronaviruses that infect bats, we analyzed samples collected during 2010–2011 from 14 insectivorous bat species in China. We identified complete genomes of 2 novel betacoronaviruses in Rhinolophus pusillus and Chaerephon plicata bats, which showed close genetic relationships with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses.

Changes On Cran, Kurt Hornik, Achim Zeileis

The R Journal

New CRAN task views

New packages in CRAN task views

New contributed packages

Other changes

Escherichia Coli Strain Diversity In Humans: Effects Of Sampling Effort And Methodology, Emily R. Neal

Master's Theses

Studies investigating Escherichia coli strain diversity and demographics in human hosts are frequently inconsistent regarding sampling effort and methodology while current strain typing methods are often expensive or laborious. To rectify these inconsistencies, sampling effort was investigated by comparing the diversity of 15-isolate collections to 100-isolate collections from 3 human subjects. Temporal variation in E. coli strain diversity was also studied by collecting 15 isolates once every 6 months. Additionally, strain identification and diversity collected by different sampling methods (fecal swabs vs. anal swabs collected at different times around defecation) were compared to identify any inherent biases in sampling method. …

Il-4rα On Cd4+ T Cells Plays A Pathogenic Role In Respiratory Syncytial Virus Reinfection In Mice Infected Initially As Neonates, Dahui You, Nico Marr, Jordy Saravia, Bishwas Shrestha, Greg I. Lee, Stuart E. Turvey, Frank Brombacher, De'broski R. Herbert, Stephania A. Cormier

Faculty Publications

RSV is the major cause of severe bronchiolitis in infants, and severe bronchiolitis as a result of RSV is associated with subsequent asthma development. A biased Th2 immune response is thought to be responsible for neonatal RSV pathogenesis; however, molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Our data demonstrate, for the first time, that IL-4Rα is up-regulated in vitro on human CD4+ T cells from cord blood following RSV stimulation and in vivo on mouse pulmonary CD4+ T cells upon reinfection of mice, initially infected as neonates. Th cell-specific deletion of Il4ra attenuated Th2 responses and abolished the immunopathophysiology upon reinfection, including airway …

The Evolutionary Histories Of Clinical And Environmental Shv Β-Lactamases Are Intertwined, Robert L. Dorit, Christopher M. Roy, Sandra M. Robinson, Margaret A. Riley

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens focuses our attention on the source of antibiotic resistance genes, on the existence of these genes in environments exposed to little or no antibiotics, and on the relationship between resistance genes found in the clinic and those encountered in non-clinical settings. Here, we address the evolutionary history of a class of resistance genes, the SHV β-lactamases. We focus on bla SHV genes isolated both from clinical and non-clinical sources and show that clinically important resistance determinants arise repeatedly from within a diverse pool of bla SHV genes present in the environment. While our results argue …

Checkup, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Checkup

No abstract provided.

Linezolid Exerts Greater Bacterial Clearance But No Modification Of Host Lung Gene Expression Profiling: A Mouse Mrsa Pneumonia Model, Jiwang Chen, Gang Feng, Yang Song, Juliane B. Wardenburg, Simon Lin, Ichiro Inoshima, Michael Otto, Richard G. Wunderink

Faculty Publications – Biological Sciences

Background: Linezolid (LZD) is beneficial to patients with MRSA pneumonia, but whether and how LZD influences global host lung immune responses at the mRNA level during MRSA-mediated pneumonia is still unknown. Methods: A lethal mouse model of MRSA pneumonia mediated by USA300 was employed to study the influence of LZD on survival, while the sublethal mouse model was used to examine the effect of LZD on bacterial clearance and lung gene expression during MRSA pneumonia. LZD (100mg/kg/day, IP) was given to C57Bl6 mice for three days. On Day 1 and Day 3 post infection, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) protein concentration …

Anatomy Of A Modern-Day Lynching: The Relationship Between Hate Crimes Against Latina/Os And The Debate Over Immigration Reform, Kevin R. Johnson, Joanna E. Cuevas Ingram

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

The 23rd Annual Research Conference Abstract Booklet, Mulu Aderie Alemu, Nikki Lynn Rogers

University of Gondar Research Conferences

Staff members, postgraduate and senior undergraduate students of the University, invited guests and speakers participated in the conference. The annual conference of the University is meant to share experiences in research activities among juniors and seniors, staff and students, and invited guests. It is also meant to motivate students and young faculty to engage in research and also to initiate and strengthen interdisciplinary collaborations. The findings of the studies and the resulting recommendations are expected to be used in solving the diverse societal problems we have been facing.

Research activities at the University of Gondar are primarily aimed at solving …

B Cell Response And Hemagglutinin Stalk-Reactive Antibody Production In Different Age Cohorts Following 2009 H1n1 Influenza Virus Vaccination, Mark Y. Sangster, Jane Baer, Felix W. Santiago, Theresa T. Fitzgerald, Natalia A. Ilyushina

Dartmouth Scholarship

The 2009 pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza virus carried a swine-origin hemagglutinin (HA) that was closely related to the HAs of pre-1947 H1N1 viruses but highly divergent from the HAs of recently circulating H1N1 strains. Consequently, prior ex- posure to pH1N1-like viruses was mostly limited to individuals over the age of about 60 years. We related age and associated dif- ferences in immune history to the B cell response to an inactivated monovalent pH1N1 vaccine given intramuscularly to subjects in three age cohorts: 18 to 32 years, 60 to 69 years, and >70 years. The day 0 pH1N1-specific hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) …