Digital Commons Network^™

Work Stress Reactivity And Health Outcomes: A Study Of Nurses, Laurie Marie Jacobs

Dissertations and Theses

Negative events encountered in daily life influence individual well-being. Individuals vary in their reactivity to these events, the extent to which they are behaviorally, physiologically, and psychologically influenced by them (Almeida, 2005; Neupert, Almeida, & Charles, 2007). Reactivity to events in the form of changes in health behavior could represent either an attempt at coping (Cooper, Frone, Russell, & Mudar, 1995) or a stressor-related failure of self-control (Muraven & Baumeister, 2000). Such changes in behavior could have later effects on health.

Although a great deal of attention has been paid to both the immediate and long-term effects of stressors on …

Progress Notes, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Progress Notes

No abstract provided.

New Hampshire State Health Improvement Plan 2013-2020, Charting A Course To Improve The Health Of New Hampshire, Nh Division Of Public Health Services

Manchester Research Group

Report using data and statistics to look at key health needs in N.H. including tobacco, obesity, heart disease, cancer prevention, asthma, and infectious diseases.

Anticancer Properties Of Distinct Antimalarial Drug Classes, Rob Hooft Van Huijsduijnen, R. Kiplin Guy, Kelly Chibale, Richard K. Haynes, Ingmar Peitz, Gerhard Kelter, Margaret A. Phillips, Jonathan L. Vennerstrom, Yongyuth Yuthavong, Timothy N. C. Wells

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

We have tested five distinct classes of established and experimental antimalarial drugs for their anticancer potential, using a panel of 91 human cancer lines. Three classes of drugs: artemisinins, synthetic peroxides and DHFR (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitors effected potent inhibition of proliferation with IC50s in the nM- low µM range, whereas a DHODH (dihydroorotate dehydrogenase) and a putative kinase inhibitor displayed no activity. Furthermore, significant synergies were identified with erlotinib, imatinib, cisplatin, dasatinib and vincristine. Cluster analysis of the antimalarials based on their differential inhibition of the various cancer lines clearly segregated the synthetic peroxides OZ277 and OZ439 from the artemisinin …

Northwest Arkansas Consumer Perceptions Of Poultry Production, Stuart Estes

Agricultural Education, Communications and Technology Undergraduate Honors Theses

Poultry production holds an important place in Arkansas economically and as a food source. The importance of poultry production ultimately hinges on the demands of the consumers and the perceptions that drive their purchases. With this in mind, this study surveyed consumers to assess their perceptions of poultry production in Arkansas. The instrument used to survey consumers was created by the researcher and an expert committee at the University of Arkansas. Consumers were interviewed through direct communication at grocery stores in northwest Arkansas. Data gathered from the study were analyzed for descriptive and correlational statistics. Data showed that consumers were …

Structure Matters: Examining Illness Behavior Using Parsons's Sick Role, Angela D. Byrd

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Although Talcott Parsons’s sick role theory, as described in 1951 in The Social System, has been severely criticized for its inapplicability to chronic illnesses, a portion of the theory is still a relevant and necessary factor in terms of understanding and treating chronic illness today. Using data from the 2012 National Health Interview Survey, this study looks at the individual effects of sex, age, race, cohabitation, education and region of residence on the likelihood of chronically ill patients considering themselves limited in their amount or kind of work as an indicator of sick role adaptation. Results show statistically significant relationships …

The Welfare Of Animals In The Chicken Industry

Agribusiness Reports

More than 8.5 billion chickens are slaughtered for meat production in the United States every year. Raised in industrial production systems, these animals experience crowded indoor confinement, unnatural lighting regimes, poor air quality, stressful handling and transportation, and inadequate stunning and slaughter procedures. Because they are selectively bred for rapid growth, broiler chickens are prone to a variety of severe skeletal and metabolic disorders that can cause suffering, pain, and even death. Broiler breeders, the parent birds of chickens raised for meat, are subjected to severe feed restriction, and males may undergo painful toe and beak amputations, performed without pain …

Characterizing The Lipoproteins Lprg And Lpra Towards A Better Understanding Of Lipid Transport Mechanisms In Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Lu Bai

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Two lipoproteins, MtbLprG and MtbLprA, have been characterized as TLR2 agonists. Knockout of the lprG operon (lprG-rv1410c) results in decreased virulence of M. tb. While their importance for host-pathogen interactions has been the subject of numerous studies, the physiological functions of LprG and LprA are not known. We present here data towards elucidating the physiological functions of LprG and LprA, both in M. tb and M. smegmatis, including localization, binding affinity to respective ligands, as well as the phenotype of knockout strains, which will contribute a model for lipid transport through the cell wall. | 46 pages

Checkup, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Checkup

No abstract provided.

Landscape Genetics Of The Marbled Salamander (Ambystoma Opacum) At Mammoth Cave National Park, James Kyle Martin

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Habitat connectivity is important to maintain in order to prevent loss of genetic diversity, reduce inbreeding depression, and decrease extinction risk in threatened or endangered species. Here I present a landscape genetics study on marbled salamanders (Ambystoma opacum) in highly connected forested habitat at Mammoth Cave National Park. This investigation of gene flow among ponds within a mostly continuous landscape provides data that can be compared with patterns observed in more fragmented landscapes. These comparisons can provide a means of investigating the separate effects of structural and functional habitat connectivity on amphibian genetic population structure. Structural connectivity refers to the …

"We Shall Meet Beyond The River": An Analysis Of The Deathscape Of Brownville, Nebraska, Ashley J. Barnett

Department of Geography: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Gravestone studies have traditionally focused on the East Coast, particularly the Northeast, because of the long Euro-American settlement history in that region and because of a landmark 1966 study produced by Edwin Dethlefsen and James Deetz which focused on this region. Significantly less attention has been paid to the interior of the continent, particularly the Great Plains. This study analyzes the temporal variations in gravestone iconography and inscriptions to determine major cultural shifts that took place in Brownville, Nebraska, from the town’s founding in 1854 to the present. 1,224 gravestones in Walnut Grove Cemetery were recorded and analyzed for the …

American Society Of Parasitologists Newsletter, V. 35, No. 3, Winter 2013, Scott Lyell Gardner

American Society of Parasitologists: Newsletter

An issue of the American Society of Parasitologists' quarterly newsletter, also called the Journal of Parasitology Newsletter.

Myocarditis After Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Treatment For Ehrlichiosis, Seema U. Nayak, Gary L. Simon

Medicine Faculty Publications

The manifestations of human monocytic ehrlichiosis range from a mild febrile syndrome to a severe multisystem illness. Myocardial involvement is uncommon. We report a woman, 78 years of age, who was treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole after a tick bite, in whom myocarditis was subsequently diagnosed. She recovered completely after doxycycline therapy.

Mentoring Ethics In Postgraduate Surgical Training: A Developing Country Perspective From Pakistan, Mohsin Azam, Saleha Anwar, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Muhammad Waqas

Section of Neurosurgery

No abstract provided.

Identifying Disease Characteristics, Parent Experience And Coping Strategies When Predicting Pediatric Illness-Related Stress In Parents Of Children With Mitochondrial Disease, Brenda Senger

Nursing Faculty Scholarship

Mitochondrial disease (mito) is a group of rare, inherited, chronic, life-limiting, incurable neurodegenerative disorders known to affect children early in life that result from failure of the mitochondria to turn food into energy. The diagnosis of mito is elusive and complex, with a variety of clinical manifestations, multisystem involvement and the lack of a reliable biological marker for screening and diagnosis. The unpredictable prognosis and erratic nature of this illness can be overwhelming to parents who bear the daily responsibilities of managing the child's care. Little is known about the experience of parents caring for a child with mito.

Objective …

An Exploration Of Alkyne-Alkyne Cross-Coupling Reactions And Attempts Towards Controlled Polymerization Of Diiodooctatetrayne, Allison Black

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Polyynes are one-dimensional rigid carbon rods composed of alternating triple and single bonds. They have attracted much interest due to their electronic, optical, and physical properties. These carbon oligomers can serve as possible precursors to polydiacetylenes or graphitic ribbons, as subjecting ordered aggregates to heat and/ or irradiation can lead to topochemical polymerization. Furthermore, polyynes can act as models for understanding conjugation, and may be used to predict the properties of carbyne, the linear allotrope of carbon. In this work, model Stille and Cadiot-Chodkiewicz coupling reactions using iodoalkyne substrates were thoroughly investigated. Once optimal conditions were determined for each system, …

Untangling The Interactions: Structural Basis Of Nitric Oxide Regulated Cyclic-Di-Gmp Metabolism In Bacteria, Tanaya Lahiri

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Bacteria use numerous small molecules for cellular signaling. These primary and secondary messengers act within the cell to relay signal transduction and regulate distinct pathways. Among these the diatomic gas molecule nitric oxide (NO) and the nucleotide cyclic-di-GMP play central role in virulence, quorum sensing, and biofilm formation. In this dissertation, we have focused on H-NOX, a heme-nitric oxide/oxygen binding protein in the biofilm-dwelling bacterium Shewanella woodyi (Sw), which mediates NO-induced biofilm dispersal by modulating the activity of a dual-functioning diguanylate cyclase/phosphodiesterase enzyme that we have named HaCE, (H-NOX-associated cyclic-di-GMP enzyme). These enzymes tightly regulate the intracellular spatio-temporal concentrations of …

Francisella Tularensis: Interactions With Hepatocytes And Pathways For The Acquisition Of Iron, Cindy Arisa Thomas-Charles

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Francisella tularensis: Interactions with Hepatocytes and Pathways for the Acquisition of Iron by Cindy A. Thomas-Charles Doctor of Philosophy in Genetics Stony Brook University 2013 Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacterium and the causative agent of tularemia. Due to its high virulence, this organism has been classified as a Tier 1 select agent of bioterrorism. Regardless of the route of inoculation, the lungs, spleen, and liver are major targets of infection. Furthermore, this organism replicates to high numbers in hepatocytes, the predominant cells in the liver. Factors that mediate the uptake by and replication …

Optimization Models For Resource Allocation Under Perturbation., Dongxue Bridgeman 1986-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Optimization Models for Resource allocation are investing in how to make the best use of available but limited resources in order to achieve the best results. In strategic planning, resource allocation is a plan for using available resources, especially in the near future, to achieve the goals of the future. It is a process of allocating resources during the entire planning horizon and among the various units. Resource allocation plans can be decided by using mathematical programming. In this dissertation, the research has been focused on how to allocate resources in the uncertain environment. The mathematical programming formulations for the …

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 40, No. 4 (December 2013)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

REDEFINING SOCIAL WELFARE: CONNECTIONS ACROSS SPECIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE: REDEFINING SOCIAL WELFARE: CONNECTIONS ACROSS SPECIES - Christina Risley-Curtiss
• HUMAN CONSEQUENCES OF ANIMAL EXPLOITATION: NEEDS FOR REDEFINING SOCIAL WELFARE - Atsuko Matsuoka and John Sorenson
• THE IMPACT OF COMPANION ANIMALS ON SOCIAL CAPITAL AND COMMUNITY VIOLENCE: SETTING RESEARCH, POLICY AND PROGRAM AGENDAS - Phil Arkow
• RELATIONAL ECOLOGY: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING THE HUMANANIMAL BOND - Jennifer M. Putney
• CHILDREN'S IDEAS ABOUT THE MORAL STANDING AND SOCIAL WELFARE OF NON-HUMAN SPECIES - Gail F Melson
• EXPANDING THE ECOLOGICAL LENS IN CHILD WELFARE PRACTICE TO INCLUDE OTHER …

Humans' Bonding With Their Companion Dogs: Cardiovascular Benefits During And After Stress, Rebecca A. Campo, Bert N. Uchino

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This study examined whether having one's companion dog present during and after stress posed similar cardiovascular benefits as having a close friend present, even when the relationship quality for both the companion dog and friend was highly positive. Positive aspects of relationship quality for participants' dog and friend were not associated with one another, suggesting that these relationships exist independently. Additionally, compared to participants with a close friend present, those with their dog present had lower heart rate and diastolic blood pressure (p's < .05) while undergoing the stressors, and tended to have lower heart rate and systolic blood pressure (p's < .09) when recovering from stressors. This study indicates that even when relationship quality is similarly high for companion dogs and friends, dogs may be associated with greater reductions in owners' cardiovascular reactivity to stress, particularly if there is a potential for evaluation apprehension in the human friendships. These findings support the value of the human- companion animal relationship in promoting human welfare.

Scitech Book News Reviews, Susan Fingerman

Sci-Tech News

No abstract provided.

Dual Capture Of A Piñon Deer Mouse And A Silky Pocket Mouse Resulting In Consumption Of The Smaller Animal, Jon C. Pigage, Roger D. Peyton

The Prairie Naturalist

Intraspecific dual captures of rodents are uncommon, but not rare. There are several reports of brown rats (Rattus norvegicus), white-footed deer mice (Peromyscus leucopus), North American deer mice (P. maniculatus), western harvest mice (Reithrodontomys megalotis) and meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) caught simultaneously in the same trap (i.e. a door-closing live-trap; Davis 1955, Getz 1961, Blaustein and Rothstein 1978, Jenkins and Llewellyn 1981, Novak 1983). Some reports are incidental whereas others are interpreted as social associations or bonding between conspecifics. Interspecific dual captures are rarely reported in the literature. The earliest report of …

An Argument And Plan For Promoting The Teaching And Learning Of Neglected Tropical Diseases, Kevin M. Bonney

Publications and Research

Neglected tropical diseases constitute a significant public health burden, affecting over one billion people globally, yet this group of diseases is underrepresented in the appropriation of both monetary and intellectual capital for developing improved therapies and public health campaigns. The topic of neglected tropical diseases has been similarly marginalized in the biology classrooms of our nation’s high schools and colleges, despite offering an opportunity to teach and learn about a diverse area of microbiology with far-reaching public health, social, and economic implications. Discussed herein is an argument for increasing the representation of neglected tropical diseases in microbiology education as a …

What Happened To My Bell-Bottoms?: How Things That Were Never Going To Change Have Sometimes Changed Anyway, And How Studying History Can Help Us Make Sense Of It All, Craig Harline

BYU Studies

Craig Harline explains perhaps the most valuable and fundamental benefit of studying history is the insight it can offer into change, including change that people once thought would never occur. What can be learned from such changes by people of the present, as they argue about potential changes in their own world? Harline offers historical examples of change in Western Christianity regarding acceptable views of language, left-handedness, sacred music, slavery, interracial relations, and usury, and viewing them in the context of changes still being heavily or somewhat debated by Christians, such as women's role, evolution, and more. He shows that …

Functional 3-D Cellulose & Nitrocellulose Paper-Based, Multiplex Diagnostic Platforms Without Coupling Agents, Mackenzie Elizabeth Tageson

Master's Theses

The purpose of this thesis was to demonstrate device functionality of 3-D paper-based, multiplex platforms, µPADs, without the use of coupling agents between layers. Previously, these platforms were fabricated with double-sided tape and cellulose powder to try to augment proper fluid routing, but difficulties with this method occurred. An acrylic housing unit with strategically placed pressure tabs was designed to aid horizontal and vertical fluid routing through the platform, thus eliminating the inconsistencies associated with coupling agents. Channel characterization studies, a COMSOL^TM simulation, and development time studies were performed to aid device design and demonstrate device functionality.

The implementation …

Molecular Characterization Of The Freshwater Snail Physella Acuta, Journey R. Nolan

Biology ETDs

Current insights into general animal biology, including immune function, are derived mostly from a few model organisms, a necessity imposed by effort required for in-depth studies. Modern next-generation sequencing (NGS) enables genomics-level investigations to test whether specific aspects of biology are general or unique across animal phylogeny. Meaningful comparisons require thorough identification of phylogenetically-relevant species. To provide a touchstone for Biomphalaria glabrata, a freshwater snail that is a major study model for invertebrate immunity, physid snails (Physidae; Hygrophila; Panpulmonata; Gastropoda; Mollusca) will be developed as a model for comparative immunogenomics. Chapter 1 introduces current research capabilities and details the rationale …

Area-Wide Management Of Aedes Albopictus. Part 2: Gauging The Efficacy Of Traditional Integrated Pest Control Measures Against Urban Container Mosquitoes, Dina M. Fonseca, Isik Unlu, Taryn Crepeau, Ary Farajollahi, Sean P. Healy, Kristen Bartlett-Healy, Daniel Strickman, Randy Gaugler, George Hamilton, Daniel Kline, Gary G. Clark

Faculty Publications

Background: Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) is an important disease vector and biting nuisance. During the 2009 active season, six ∼1000-parcel sites were studied, three in urban and three in suburban areas of New Jersey, United States, to examine the efficacy of standard integrated urban mosquito control strategies applied area wide. Active source reduction, larviciding, adulticiding and public education (source reduction through education) were implemented in one site in each county, an education-only approach was developed in a second site and a third site was used as an untreated experimental control. Populations were surveyed weekly with BG-Sentinel traps and ovitraps. Results: …

Alpha Interferon Restricts Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 And 2 De Novo Infection Through Pkr Activation, Anne Cachat, Sebastien Alain Chevalier, Sandrine Alais, Nga Ling Ko, Lee Ratner, Chloe Journo, Helene Dutartre, Renaud Mahleux

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Fc Region Of An Antibody Impacts The Neutralization Of West Nile Viruses In Different Maturation States, Phong D. Lee, Swati Mukherjee, Melissa A. Edeling, Kimberly A. Dowd, S. Kyle Austin, Carolyn J. Manhart, Michael S. Diamond, Daved H. Fremont, Theodore C. Pierson

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.