Digital Commons Network^™

Government Auditing Standards And Circular A-133 Developments - 2013; Audit Risk Alerts, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

State And Local Governmental Developments - 2013; Audit Risk Alerts, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Real Estate And Construction Industry Developments - 2013/14; Audit Risk Alerts, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Not-For-Profit Entities Industry Developments - 2013; Audit Risk Alerts, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Property And Liability Insurance Entities, New Edition As Of January 1, 2013; Audit And Accounting Guide, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants (Aicpa)

Industry Guides (AAGs), Risk Alerts, and Checklists

No abstract provided.

Grassroots Gay Rights: Legal Advocacy At The Local Level, Lydia E. Lavelle

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.

2013-2014 Nursing Undergraduate Student Handbook, Morehead State University. Nursing Department.

Nursing Department Publications Archive

2013-2014 Undergraduate Student Handbook of the Department of Nursing at Morehead State University.

Can Improved Cooking Stoves Work? The Nepal Chulo Experience, Dipika Gawande, Bijendra Shrestha, Amarsingh Gawande

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

What motivates rural households to switch from older cooking methods to newer, more improved, ones? Improved cooking stoves (ICS) technology has demonstrated capacity to reduce health hazards from smoke inhalation, especially for mothers and young children in poor rural households. Additional advantages such as fuel economy are also possible. However, policies encouraging rural households to switch have met with little success. Initially enthusiastic acceptance has seldom led to long-term adoption. Possibly, faulty policy implementation is to blame, but it is likely that policymakers have not come to terms with the fact that adopting the ICS requires changing generations-old behavior. This …

The Need Of Paediatric Dentistry Specialists In Pakistan, Farhan Raza Khan, Sadia Mahmud, Munawar Rahman

Section of Dental-Oral Maxillofacial Surgery

In the last decade, a rapid increase has been observed in the number of dentists due to establishment of a number of dental colleges in Pakistan. Very few of these institutions have Paediatric Dentistry Department. Similarly, no postgraduate Paediatric Dentistry training program exists in the two major provinces of the country. The objectives of this study were to map the pattern of paediatric dentistry services provided by the clinicians in teaching institutions and private practices. A cross-sectional study was conducted at dental departments of academic institutions and selected dental practices in Karachi. There was a statistically significant difference in preferences, …

Can The Bicuspid Aortic Valve Be Spared? The Con Position, With Caveats And Nuances, Joseph E Bavaria, Caroline M Komlo, Tyler Rhode, Prashanth Vallabhajosyula

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Pain Solutions In The Emergency Setting (Pasties); A Protocol For Two Open-Label Randomised Trials Of Patient-Controlled Analgesia (Pca) Versus Routine Care In The Emergency Department, Je Smith, M Rockett, R Squire, Cj Hayward, Et Al

Peninsula Medical School

Introduction Pain is the commonest reason that patients present to an emergency department (ED), but it is often not treated effectively. Patient controlled analgesia (PCA) is used in other hospital settings but there is little evidence to support its use in emergency patients. We describe two randomised trials aiming to compare PCA to nurse titrated analgesia (routine care) in adult patients who present to the ED requiring intravenous opioid analgesia for the treatment of moderate to severe pain and are subsequently admitted to hospital. Methods and analysis Two prospective multi-centre open-label randomised trials of PCA versus routine care in emergency …

Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, And Management, Deborah E Meyers, Haseeb Ilias Basha, Mary Kay Koenig

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Mitochondrial disease is a heterogeneous group of multisystemic diseases that develop consequent to mutations in nuclear or mitochondrial DNA. The prevalence of inherited mitochondrial disease has been estimated to be greater than 1 in 5,000 births; however, the diagnosis and treatment of this disease are not taught in most adult-cardiology curricula. Because mitochondrial diseases often occur as a syndrome with resultant multiorgan dysfunction, they might not immediately appear to be specific to the cardiovascular system. Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy can be described as a myocardial condition characterized by abnormal heart-muscle structure, function, or both, secondary to genetic defects involving the mitochondrial respiratory …

Feasibility Of Temporary Biventricular Pacing After Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting In Patients With Reduced Left Ventricular Function, Daniel Y Wang, Lauren A Kelly, Marc E Richmond, T Alexander Quinn, Bin Cheng, Michelle D Spotnitz, Santos E Cabreriza, Yoshifumi Naka, Allan S Stewart, Craig R Smith, Henry M Spotnitz

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

In selected patients undergoing cardiac surgery, our research group previously showed that optimized temporary biventricular pacing can increase cardiac output one hour after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. Whether pacing is effective after beating-heart surgery is unknown. Accordingly, in this study we examined the feasibility of temporary biventricular pacing after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

The effects of optimized pacing on cardiac output were measured with an electromagnetic aortic flow probe at the conclusion of surgery in 5 patients with a preoperative mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 0.26 (range, 0.15–0.35). Atrioventricular (7) and interventricular (9) delay settings were optimized in …

Disaggregating Disasters, Ronnell Anderson Jones, Lisa Grow Sun

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

In the years since the September 11 attacks, scholars and commentators have criticized the emergence of both legal developments and policy rhetoric that blur the lines between war and terrorism. Unrecognized, but equally as damaging to democratic ideals—and potentially more devastating in practical effect—is the expansion of this trend beyond the context of terrorism to a much wider field of nonwar emergencies. Indeed, in recent years, war and national security rhetoric has come to permeate the legal and policy conversations on a wide variety of natural and technological disasters. This melding of disaster and war for purposes of justifying exceptions …

Characterization Of Nano-Scale Aluminum Oxide Transport Through Porous Media, Sasha Norien Norwood

Dissertations and Theses

Land application of biosolids has become common practice in the United States as an alternative to industrial fertilizers. Although nutrient rich, biosolids have been found to contain high concentrations of emerging contaminants (e.g. pharmaceuticals, personal care products) while containing a significant fraction of inorganic nano-scale colloidal materials such as oxides of iron, titanium, and aluminum.

Given their reactivity and small size, there are many questions concerning the potential migration of these nano-sized colloidal materials through the soil column and into our surface and groundwater bodies. Transport of emerging pollutants of concern through the soil column, at minimum, is impacted by …

Prebiotics In Lentil (Lens Culinaris L.), Casey Ray Johnson

Cereal Science

Prebiotic carbohydrates are an important component of healthy diet. The objectives of this study were (1) to compare the concentrations of prebiotic carbohydrates in different lentil genotypes and growing locations and (2) to compare the concentrations of prebiotic carbohydrates in lentil under various processing and preparation procedures. Mean concentrations of prebiotics in lentil genotypes were as follows: raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFO) (raffinose + stachyose, 2509 mg; verbascose, 1562 mg), fructo-oligosaccharides (nystose, 62 mg), sugar alcohols (sorbitol, 1220 mg; mannitol, 203 mg), and resistant starch (RS), 7.5 g 100 g-1. Modest RFO concentration reductions were observed with cooking, cooling, and reheating. Mean …

Human Rights, Civil Rights: Prescribing Disability Discrimination Prevention In Packaging Essential Health Benefits, Anita Silvers, Leslie P. Francis

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

The promise of health care as a right has all too often proved hollow for people with disabilities. In this article, we argue that the understanding of health care as a human right, as found in the CRPD, fails to provide the theoretical machinery for responding to the pressing challenges of health care costs. These challenges are real and potentially devastating. We develop instead an account of health care as a civil right. What this right requires is dependent on the context and resources of the time, so long as all have meaningful access to the benefits provided. The ACA …

Effects Of Pasteurization (Heating) On Milled Flaxseed Quality, Cody Troy Turner

Cereal Science

Current food industry practices include the use of pasteurization (heat treatment) as a means to reduce the microbial counts of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum). Flaxseed was pasteurized using a dry air heat treatment of 148 °C for 16.25 minutes and the oxidative stability was observed over a 20 week storage period. Flaxseed quality was measured using peroxide value, percent free fatty acid (as oleic), and propanal content. Peroxide values of the pasteurized milled flaxseed were found to significantly increase (P ≤ 0.05) by week 2. Propanal formation coincided with peroxide value development over 20 weeks of storage. Pasteurized flaxseed milled under …

Characterization Of Edible Bean Flours: Properties And Functionality, Courtney W. Simons

Cereal Science

Consumption of pulses is considered part of a healthy diet. Therefore, the opportunity exists for development of new pulse-based ingredients. However, a better understanding of their properties is necessary. The compositional and functional properties will vary depending on the bean type, their physical form (pre-cooked, raw flour, starch or protein fractionates) and growing location. In this study, edible bean flours (pinto, navy, black and small red) were subjected to extrusion cooking to produce snacks and texturized high-protein flour. The extrudates were studied to determine the effect of extrusion on the physical, physicochemical, chemical, sensory, and digestibility properties. Texturized high-protein flour …

An Analysis Of The Educational Value And Impact Of A Dual, Versus Single, Robotic Surgical Console In The Training Of Obgyn Residents, Joseph E. Patruno Md, Hubert K. Huang Ms, Med, Michelle W. Huang Md, Thomas Hutchinson Md, Martin A. Martino Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Investigating The Role For Il-21 In Rabies Virus Vaccine-Induced Immunity., Corin L Dorfmeier, Evgeni P Tzvetkov, Anthony Gatt, James P Mcgettigan

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

Over two-thirds of the world's population lives in regions where rabies is endemic, resulting in over 15 million people receiving multi-dose post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and over 55,000 deaths per year globally. A major goal in rabies virus (RABV) research is to develop a single-dose PEP that would simplify vaccination protocols, reduce costs associated with RABV prevention, and save lives. Protection against RABV infections requires virus neutralizing antibodies; however, factors influencing the development of protective RABV-specific B cell responses remain to be elucidated. Here we used a mouse model of IL-21 receptor-deficiency (IL-21R-/-) to characterize the role for IL-21 in RABV …

Comparison Of Heterologous Prime-Boost Strategies Against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gag Using Negative Stranded Rna Viruses., Tessa M Lawrence, Celestine N Wanjalla, Emily A Gomme, Christoph Wirblich, Anthony Gatt, Elena Carnero, Adolfo García-Sastre, Douglas S Lyles, James P Mcgettigan, Matthias J Schnell

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

This study analyzed a heterologous prime-boost vaccine approach against HIV-1 using three different antigenically unrelated negative-stranded viruses (NSV) expressing HIV-1 Gag as vaccine vectors: rabies virus (RABV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV). We hypothesized that this approach would result in more robust cellular immune responses than those achieved with the use of any of the vaccines alone in a homologous prime-boost regimen. To this end, we primed BALB/c mice with each of the NSV-based vectors. Primed mice were rested for thirty-five days after which we administered a second immunization with the same or heterologous NSV-Gag viruses. …

Vegetative Filter Strip: A Best Management Practice (Bmp) For Feedlot Runoff Pollution Control In North Dakota, Md. Atikur Rahman

Agribusiness and Biosystems Engineering

Runoff from animal feeding operations is a major source of water pollution. Vegetative filter strips (VFS) are effective ways to reduce nonpoint source pollution. In this study, vegetative filter strips with different designs and in climatic and management conditions of North Dakota were evaluated. Runoff samples were collected from inflow (before entering VFS) and outflow (after exiting the VFS) locations using automatic samplers. Collected samples were analyzed for solids and nutrients. It was observed that the transport reductions by VFS were ranged from very low to up to 100%. However, soluble nutrients were not as effectively removed as sediment and …

Non-Destructive Analysis Of Single Plant Canola (Brassica Napus) Seed Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Harjot Sidhu

Agribusiness and Biosystems Engineering

Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is widely used for quantitative analysis of oilseeds in a non-destructive manner. Canola (Brassica napus) is a popular oilseed crop that is used for food and biofuel markets. Due to limited seed availability in plant breeding programs, single plant analysis is often preferred. An NIRS commercial calibration model was evaluated to predict single plant canola seed, but the results showed the need for new NIRS calibration models to predict moisture content, oil content, and fatty acid content for single plant canola seed (3 g) with minimal sample preparation. A separate NIRS calibration model was developed for …

The Role Of Maternal Protein Intake During Late Gestation On Placental Vascular Function, Leslie Ann Lekatz

Animal Sciences

Global nutrient restriction or excess can influence umbilical hemodynamics in sheep fetuses (Chapter 2). We hypothesized that a specific component of the diet, namely maternal metabolizable protein (MP), would alter placental function. When MP restriction during late gestation occurs, we hypothesized that there would be a decrease in the sensitivity to bradykinin (BK) of the placental vascular arteries. In experiment 1, ewes received one of three isocaloric dietary treatments during late gestation: MP60: 60% of MP requirements; MP80: 80% of MP requirements; and MP100: 100% of the MP requirements on a dry matter basis from day 100 to 130 of …

The Effect Of Artificial Insemination Or Natural Service Breeding Systems On Reproductive Performance, Calving Characteristics, Weaning Characteristics, And Steer Backgrounding Performance In A Commercial Beef Herd, Philip Lee Steichen

Animal Sciences

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of beef cattle breeding systems that incorporate artificial insemination (AI) or breeding systems that use natural service mating on resultant reproductive performance, calving characteristics, weaning characteristics, and steer backgrounding performance. In Exp. 1, cows and heifers were assigned to 1 of 2 breeding season systems: 1) exposed only to natural service bulls (NS, n = 541) or 2) bred via AI on the first day of the breeding season, followed by exposure to natural service bulls (TAI, n = 535). Final pregnancy rates were similar among treatments. However, more calves were born …

Impact Of Environmental Factors On Ovarian Function And Endocrine Activity In Livestock, Samantha Kaminski

Animal Sciences

Ovarian function is important in reproductive efficiency since the ovary is the site of oocyte development, as well as production and secretion of hormones necessary for proper follicle development, ovulation, and maintenance of pregnancy. However, many environmental factors can affect female reproductive function. For example, physical exercise during gestation has previously demonstrated to increase availability of nutrients and oxygen to the developing offspring, decrease mortality rates, and increase birth weights. Unfortunately there is limited information regarding ovarian development and fertility of offspring born to exercised mothers. Nutrition has also been demonstrated to affect reproductive function by altering steroid and metabolic …

Improving Diabetes Merchandising, One Shelf At A Time, Caroline Christine Godwin

Apparel Design and Hospitality Management

The outcome of this study is to propose more-effective ways to merchandise diabetes products, with a cross-merchandised approach that provides education and a better in-store experience for shoppers. This research aims to help shoppers by proposing and testing—through in-store intercepts and a questionnaire—a well organized and comprehensive merchandising approach for drugstores, specifically Walgreens and Rite Aid. The results of the questionnaire indicate that the proposed merchandising solution (see Appendix B) provided welcomed improvements to the following areas: 1) organization of products and cross-merchandise product options, 2) shelf signage/navigation, and 3) education. Questionnaire respondents reported that the proposed merchandising solution offered …

Isolated Laryngeal Leishmaniasis In Immunocompetent Patients: An Underdiagnosed Disease., Salvatore Cocuzza, Alessio Strazzulla, Marilia Rita Pinzone, Stefano Cosentino, Agostino Serra, Rosario Caltabiano, Salvatore Lanzafame, Bruno Cacopardo, Giuseppe Nunnari

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

We describe a case of isolated primary laryngeal leishmaniasis in an immunocompetent Italian patient with a previous medical history negative for visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis, presenting with hoarseness. We also summarize the epidemiological, clinical, and diagnostic features and the therapeutic management of other cases of laryngeal leishmaniasis in immunocompetent subjects, described in the literature. Considering the insidious and nonspecific clinical presentation, the increasing number of different forms of mild or underestimated immunosuppressive conditions, and the number of people travelling in endemic zones, along with the ability of Leishmania amastigotes to survive for a long period in the body, we believe …

Explaining Adolescent Behavior Intention To Consume Fast Food Using The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Julie Lynn Fudge

Communication

This study tested the utility of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explain adolescent fast-food consumption among 349 high school adolescents. Subjective norms were further investigated to identify how parents and friends influenced adolescent fast-food consumption. Study participants completed a paper-based questionnaire measuring adolescent attitude, subjective norms for parents and friends, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention. Path analysis revealed that TPB explained adolescent fast-food behavioral intention to consume fast food. The model identified parent subjective norms had the strongest relationship with adolescent behavioral intention to consume fast food. Parent norms differed across age and grade in high school. …