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Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, And Management, Deborah E Meyers, Haseeb Ilias Basha, Mary Kay Koenig

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Mitochondrial disease is a heterogeneous group of multisystemic diseases that develop consequent to mutations in nuclear or mitochondrial DNA. The prevalence of inherited mitochondrial disease has been estimated to be greater than 1 in 5,000 births; however, the diagnosis and treatment of this disease are not taught in most adult-cardiology curricula. Because mitochondrial diseases often occur as a syndrome with resultant multiorgan dysfunction, they might not immediately appear to be specific to the cardiovascular system. Mitochondrial cardiomyopathy can be described as a myocardial condition characterized by abnormal heart-muscle structure, function, or both, secondary to genetic defects involving the mitochondrial respiratory …

Feasibility Of Temporary Biventricular Pacing After Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting In Patients With Reduced Left Ventricular Function, Daniel Y Wang, Lauren A Kelly, Marc E Richmond, T Alexander Quinn, Bin Cheng, Michelle D Spotnitz, Santos E Cabreriza, Yoshifumi Naka, Allan S Stewart, Craig R Smith, Henry M Spotnitz

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

In selected patients undergoing cardiac surgery, our research group previously showed that optimized temporary biventricular pacing can increase cardiac output one hour after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass. Whether pacing is effective after beating-heart surgery is unknown. Accordingly, in this study we examined the feasibility of temporary biventricular pacing after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

The effects of optimized pacing on cardiac output were measured with an electromagnetic aortic flow probe at the conclusion of surgery in 5 patients with a preoperative mean left ventricular ejection fraction of 0.26 (range, 0.15–0.35). Atrioventricular (7) and interventricular (9) delay settings were optimized in …

Disaggregating Disasters, Ronnell Anderson Jones, Lisa Grow Sun

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

In the years since the September 11 attacks, scholars and commentators have criticized the emergence of both legal developments and policy rhetoric that blur the lines between war and terrorism. Unrecognized, but equally as damaging to democratic ideals—and potentially more devastating in practical effect—is the expansion of this trend beyond the context of terrorism to a much wider field of nonwar emergencies. Indeed, in recent years, war and national security rhetoric has come to permeate the legal and policy conversations on a wide variety of natural and technological disasters. This melding of disaster and war for purposes of justifying exceptions …

Characterization Of Nano-Scale Aluminum Oxide Transport Through Porous Media, Sasha Norien Norwood

Dissertations and Theses

Land application of biosolids has become common practice in the United States as an alternative to industrial fertilizers. Although nutrient rich, biosolids have been found to contain high concentrations of emerging contaminants (e.g. pharmaceuticals, personal care products) while containing a significant fraction of inorganic nano-scale colloidal materials such as oxides of iron, titanium, and aluminum.

Given their reactivity and small size, there are many questions concerning the potential migration of these nano-sized colloidal materials through the soil column and into our surface and groundwater bodies. Transport of emerging pollutants of concern through the soil column, at minimum, is impacted by …

Prebiotics In Lentil (Lens Culinaris L.), Casey Ray Johnson

Cereal Science

Prebiotic carbohydrates are an important component of healthy diet. The objectives of this study were (1) to compare the concentrations of prebiotic carbohydrates in different lentil genotypes and growing locations and (2) to compare the concentrations of prebiotic carbohydrates in lentil under various processing and preparation procedures. Mean concentrations of prebiotics in lentil genotypes were as follows: raffinose-family oligosaccharides (RFO) (raffinose + stachyose, 2509 mg; verbascose, 1562 mg), fructo-oligosaccharides (nystose, 62 mg), sugar alcohols (sorbitol, 1220 mg; mannitol, 203 mg), and resistant starch (RS), 7.5 g 100 g-1. Modest RFO concentration reductions were observed with cooking, cooling, and reheating. Mean …

Human Rights, Civil Rights: Prescribing Disability Discrimination Prevention In Packaging Essential Health Benefits, Anita Silvers, Leslie P. Francis

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

The promise of health care as a right has all too often proved hollow for people with disabilities. In this article, we argue that the understanding of health care as a human right, as found in the CRPD, fails to provide the theoretical machinery for responding to the pressing challenges of health care costs. These challenges are real and potentially devastating. We develop instead an account of health care as a civil right. What this right requires is dependent on the context and resources of the time, so long as all have meaningful access to the benefits provided. The ACA …

Effects Of Pasteurization (Heating) On Milled Flaxseed Quality, Cody Troy Turner

Cereal Science

Current food industry practices include the use of pasteurization (heat treatment) as a means to reduce the microbial counts of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum). Flaxseed was pasteurized using a dry air heat treatment of 148 °C for 16.25 minutes and the oxidative stability was observed over a 20 week storage period. Flaxseed quality was measured using peroxide value, percent free fatty acid (as oleic), and propanal content. Peroxide values of the pasteurized milled flaxseed were found to significantly increase (P ≤ 0.05) by week 2. Propanal formation coincided with peroxide value development over 20 weeks of storage. Pasteurized flaxseed milled under …

Characterization Of Edible Bean Flours: Properties And Functionality, Courtney W. Simons

Cereal Science

Consumption of pulses is considered part of a healthy diet. Therefore, the opportunity exists for development of new pulse-based ingredients. However, a better understanding of their properties is necessary. The compositional and functional properties will vary depending on the bean type, their physical form (pre-cooked, raw flour, starch or protein fractionates) and growing location. In this study, edible bean flours (pinto, navy, black and small red) were subjected to extrusion cooking to produce snacks and texturized high-protein flour. The extrudates were studied to determine the effect of extrusion on the physical, physicochemical, chemical, sensory, and digestibility properties. Texturized high-protein flour …

An Analysis Of The Educational Value And Impact Of A Dual, Versus Single, Robotic Surgical Console In The Training Of Obgyn Residents, Joseph E. Patruno Md, Hubert K. Huang Ms, Med, Michelle W. Huang Md, Thomas Hutchinson Md, Martin A. Martino Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Investigating The Role For Il-21 In Rabies Virus Vaccine-Induced Immunity., Corin L Dorfmeier, Evgeni P Tzvetkov, Anthony Gatt, James P Mcgettigan

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

Over two-thirds of the world's population lives in regions where rabies is endemic, resulting in over 15 million people receiving multi-dose post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) and over 55,000 deaths per year globally. A major goal in rabies virus (RABV) research is to develop a single-dose PEP that would simplify vaccination protocols, reduce costs associated with RABV prevention, and save lives. Protection against RABV infections requires virus neutralizing antibodies; however, factors influencing the development of protective RABV-specific B cell responses remain to be elucidated. Here we used a mouse model of IL-21 receptor-deficiency (IL-21R-/-) to characterize the role for IL-21 in RABV …

Comparison Of Heterologous Prime-Boost Strategies Against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gag Using Negative Stranded Rna Viruses., Tessa M Lawrence, Celestine N Wanjalla, Emily A Gomme, Christoph Wirblich, Anthony Gatt, Elena Carnero, Adolfo García-Sastre, Douglas S Lyles, James P Mcgettigan, Matthias J Schnell

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

This study analyzed a heterologous prime-boost vaccine approach against HIV-1 using three different antigenically unrelated negative-stranded viruses (NSV) expressing HIV-1 Gag as vaccine vectors: rabies virus (RABV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV). We hypothesized that this approach would result in more robust cellular immune responses than those achieved with the use of any of the vaccines alone in a homologous prime-boost regimen. To this end, we primed BALB/c mice with each of the NSV-based vectors. Primed mice were rested for thirty-five days after which we administered a second immunization with the same or heterologous NSV-Gag viruses. …

Vegetative Filter Strip: A Best Management Practice (Bmp) For Feedlot Runoff Pollution Control In North Dakota, Md. Atikur Rahman

Agribusiness and Biosystems Engineering

Runoff from animal feeding operations is a major source of water pollution. Vegetative filter strips (VFS) are effective ways to reduce nonpoint source pollution. In this study, vegetative filter strips with different designs and in climatic and management conditions of North Dakota were evaluated. Runoff samples were collected from inflow (before entering VFS) and outflow (after exiting the VFS) locations using automatic samplers. Collected samples were analyzed for solids and nutrients. It was observed that the transport reductions by VFS were ranged from very low to up to 100%. However, soluble nutrients were not as effectively removed as sediment and …

Non-Destructive Analysis Of Single Plant Canola (Brassica Napus) Seed Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy, Harjot Sidhu

Agribusiness and Biosystems Engineering

Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is widely used for quantitative analysis of oilseeds in a non-destructive manner. Canola (Brassica napus) is a popular oilseed crop that is used for food and biofuel markets. Due to limited seed availability in plant breeding programs, single plant analysis is often preferred. An NIRS commercial calibration model was evaluated to predict single plant canola seed, but the results showed the need for new NIRS calibration models to predict moisture content, oil content, and fatty acid content for single plant canola seed (3 g) with minimal sample preparation. A separate NIRS calibration model was developed for …

The Role Of Maternal Protein Intake During Late Gestation On Placental Vascular Function, Leslie Ann Lekatz

Animal Sciences

Global nutrient restriction or excess can influence umbilical hemodynamics in sheep fetuses (Chapter 2). We hypothesized that a specific component of the diet, namely maternal metabolizable protein (MP), would alter placental function. When MP restriction during late gestation occurs, we hypothesized that there would be a decrease in the sensitivity to bradykinin (BK) of the placental vascular arteries. In experiment 1, ewes received one of three isocaloric dietary treatments during late gestation: MP60: 60% of MP requirements; MP80: 80% of MP requirements; and MP100: 100% of the MP requirements on a dry matter basis from day 100 to 130 of …

The Effect Of Artificial Insemination Or Natural Service Breeding Systems On Reproductive Performance, Calving Characteristics, Weaning Characteristics, And Steer Backgrounding Performance In A Commercial Beef Herd, Philip Lee Steichen

Animal Sciences

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of beef cattle breeding systems that incorporate artificial insemination (AI) or breeding systems that use natural service mating on resultant reproductive performance, calving characteristics, weaning characteristics, and steer backgrounding performance. In Exp. 1, cows and heifers were assigned to 1 of 2 breeding season systems: 1) exposed only to natural service bulls (NS, n = 541) or 2) bred via AI on the first day of the breeding season, followed by exposure to natural service bulls (TAI, n = 535). Final pregnancy rates were similar among treatments. However, more calves were born …

Impact Of Environmental Factors On Ovarian Function And Endocrine Activity In Livestock, Samantha Kaminski

Animal Sciences

Ovarian function is important in reproductive efficiency since the ovary is the site of oocyte development, as well as production and secretion of hormones necessary for proper follicle development, ovulation, and maintenance of pregnancy. However, many environmental factors can affect female reproductive function. For example, physical exercise during gestation has previously demonstrated to increase availability of nutrients and oxygen to the developing offspring, decrease mortality rates, and increase birth weights. Unfortunately there is limited information regarding ovarian development and fertility of offspring born to exercised mothers. Nutrition has also been demonstrated to affect reproductive function by altering steroid and metabolic …

Improving Diabetes Merchandising, One Shelf At A Time, Caroline Christine Godwin

Apparel Design and Hospitality Management

The outcome of this study is to propose more-effective ways to merchandise diabetes products, with a cross-merchandised approach that provides education and a better in-store experience for shoppers. This research aims to help shoppers by proposing and testing—through in-store intercepts and a questionnaire—a well organized and comprehensive merchandising approach for drugstores, specifically Walgreens and Rite Aid. The results of the questionnaire indicate that the proposed merchandising solution (see Appendix B) provided welcomed improvements to the following areas: 1) organization of products and cross-merchandise product options, 2) shelf signage/navigation, and 3) education. Questionnaire respondents reported that the proposed merchandising solution offered …

Isolated Laryngeal Leishmaniasis In Immunocompetent Patients: An Underdiagnosed Disease., Salvatore Cocuzza, Alessio Strazzulla, Marilia Rita Pinzone, Stefano Cosentino, Agostino Serra, Rosario Caltabiano, Salvatore Lanzafame, Bruno Cacopardo, Giuseppe Nunnari

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

We describe a case of isolated primary laryngeal leishmaniasis in an immunocompetent Italian patient with a previous medical history negative for visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasis, presenting with hoarseness. We also summarize the epidemiological, clinical, and diagnostic features and the therapeutic management of other cases of laryngeal leishmaniasis in immunocompetent subjects, described in the literature. Considering the insidious and nonspecific clinical presentation, the increasing number of different forms of mild or underestimated immunosuppressive conditions, and the number of people travelling in endemic zones, along with the ability of Leishmania amastigotes to survive for a long period in the body, we believe …

Explaining Adolescent Behavior Intention To Consume Fast Food Using The Theory Of Planned Behavior, Julie Lynn Fudge

Communication

This study tested the utility of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explain adolescent fast-food consumption among 349 high school adolescents. Subjective norms were further investigated to identify how parents and friends influenced adolescent fast-food consumption. Study participants completed a paper-based questionnaire measuring adolescent attitude, subjective norms for parents and friends, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention. Path analysis revealed that TPB explained adolescent fast-food behavioral intention to consume fast food. The model identified parent subjective norms had the strongest relationship with adolescent behavioral intention to consume fast food. Parent norms differed across age and grade in high school. …

Two Coiled-Coil Domains Of Chlamydia Trachomatis Inca Affect Membrane Fusion Events During Infection., Erik Ronzone, Fabienne Paumet

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

Chlamydia trachomatis replicates in a parasitophorous membrane-bound compartment called an inclusion. The inclusions corrupt host vesicle trafficking networks to avoid the degradative endolysosomal pathway but promote fusion with each other in order to sustain higher bacterial loads in a process known as homotypic fusion. The Chlamydia protein IncA (Inclusion protein A) appears to play central roles in both these processes as it participates to homotypic fusion and inhibits endocytic SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. How IncA selectively inhibits or activates membrane fusion remains poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the spatial and molecular determinants of IncA's fusogenic and inhibitory functions. Using …

Tonight It’S Government Funded: A Rhetorical Analysis Of Manufactured Social Controversy And Government Funding Of The Arts, Kay Marie Beckermann

Communication

Thomas Goodnight’s definition of controversy offers an initial examination of Reverend Donald Wildmon and Reverend Pat Robertson’s attack of the National Endowment for the Arts (NEA), initiating the Culture Wars of 1989. Using their most reliable communication tactics, Wildmon and Robertson attempted to garner support for their values by manufacturing controversy related to government funding of the National Endowment for the Arts. Together, they manufacture social controversy around two inter-related themes, one of morality, in which they argued Christians were being persecuted by the art community, and the other against federal funding of objectionable art, using Andres Serrano and Robert …

"Giving Rope And Pulling It Back" : Types And Patterns Of Strategies Used By Parents To Prevent Adolescent Substance (Ab)Use, Shweta Sharma

Communication

This study contributes to the INC theory by adding the stage of prevention to the parent-child relationships' timeline. Ten parents (six mothers and four fathers) were interviewed, and a memory enhancing timeline calendar was used to encourage parents to recall and talk about when they were trying to prevent substance (ab)use. Prevention strategies were coded on the basis of Inconsistent Nurturing as Control (INC) theory. Nurturing strategies consisted of 1.) Promoting open discussions, 2.) Monitoring behavior and activities in respectful ways, and 3.) Presenting a model for responsible use. Punishing strategies consisted of 1.) Reinforcing discipline and rules, 2.) Forcing …

Incivility In The Informal Workplace: A Case Study Of Emerald Lutheran Church, Jared Nathan Fougner

Communication

This study examined how incivility is expressed in an informal church organization and the impact relationships among those in the organization have on incivility. The researcher had staff members of the church complete journals. The researcher also observed the staff for one week and then conducted interviews based on the observations and journals. The researcher then coded data and grouped it into overarching themes. Themes that emerged about displays of incivility included: interrupting or not respecting another's ideas and yelling and gossiping behind each other's backs. The researcher examined these themes in terms of the relationships that exist among these …

The Role Of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Signaling In Medulloblastoma Metastasis, Kruttika Narayan Bhat

Cellular and Molecular Biology

Medulloblastoma is the most common brain tumor in children and one third of the patients remain incurable. Tumor metastasis is one of the primary reasons for its high mortality rate. Despite evidence of overexpression of PDGFRα and PDGFRβ in metastatic medulloblastoma, their individual roles remain controversial and equivocal. Analysis of their specific signaling pathway in medulloblastoma cells revealed that PDGFRα and PDGFRβ signaling events lead to distinct cellular functions: while PDGFRβ stimulated cell proliferation and invasion, the expression of CD44 to regulate progression via c-Myc and inhibited cell death, PDGFRα displayed the opposite effects. Studies also revealed that c-Myc plays …

Effects Of Environmental Estrogens On The Growth Hormone-Insulin-Like Growth Factor System In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Andrea M. Hanson

Cellular and Molecular Biology

The increasing production, use, and disposal of an expanding array of chemicals that enter the environment pose a serious threat to terrestrial and aquatic animals, as well as to humans. Fish in aquatic habitats are exposed to increasing concentrations of environmental contaminants, including environmental estrogens (EE). In this work, rainbow trout were used to assess the effects of EE on the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system, specifically focusing on osmoregulation, organismal growth, and growth at the molecular level. Juvenile trout were exposed to varying concentrations of 17â-estradiol (E2), â-sitosterol (âS), and 4-n-nonylphenol (NP) in vivo and in vitro. …

Identifying Causes Of Dissolved Oxygen Depletion And Determination Of Sediment Oxygen Demand In The Souris River, Matthew Ernest Baker

Civil and Environmental Engineering

The Upper Souris River was placed on the Environmental Protection Agencies (EPA) impaired waters list for low dissolved oxygen (DO). A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) study was conducted to determine possible causes of DO depletion. From sampling and site visits it was determined nonpoint sources contributed the majority of organic loadings to the Upper Souris River. Through preliminary testing, it was determined that sediment oxygen demand (SOD) played a key role in depleting DO levels during winter months and required further investigation. River profile surveying, water quality sampling, and laboratory testing of SOD were carried out to determine parameters …

Skeletal Cell Differentiation Is Enhanced By Atmospheric Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Treatment., Marla J Steinbeck, Natalie Chernets, Jun Zhang, Deepa S Kurpad, Gregory Fridman, Alexander Fridman, Theresa A. Freeman

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Enhancing chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation is of paramount importance in providing effective regenerative therapies and improving the rate of fracture healing. This study investigated the potential of non-thermal atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge plasma (NT-plasma) to enhance chondrocyte and osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Although the exact mechanism by which NT-plasma interacts with cells is undefined, it is known that during treatment the atmosphere is ionized generating extracellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) and an electric field. Appropriate NT-plasma conditions were determined using lactate-dehydrogenase release, flow cytometric live/dead assay, flow cytometric cell cycle analysis, and Western blots to evaluate …

An Investigation Into Bromate Formation In Ozone Disinfection Systems, Leslee Storlie

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Ozonation is used as an alternative disinfection process to chlorination but unfortunately has a potential of oxidizing bromide, a natural component of water sources, to bromate. Bromate is a possible carcinogen with a maximum contaminant level of 10 ppb. To understand bromate formation in full-scale systems, a comprehensive study was conducted at the Moorhead Water Treatment Plant (WTP). Bromide concentrations in source waters were monitored. Water samples from locations in the ozonation chambers were collected and analyzed for bromate and other parameters. Results showed that bromate formation was increased through increases in pH, bromide, and ozone dose during high temperatures …

Investigation Of The International Food-Grade Soybean Market, Changmin Kim

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

This study provides an overview of the international soybean market and takes a look at a case study of an exporter and their target markets, China, Japan, and South Korea. Then it estimates future soybean import demands for these countries. Results indicate that China’s soybean import demand will remarkably increase compared with those in Japan and South Korea. Although Korean and Japanese buyers are willing to pay a premium for food-grade soybeans, China market may grow faster than those in Japan and South Korea. This is because as income increases, Chinese consumer may concern more about their health which makes …

Determinants Of Capital Structure In Agricultural Cooperatives In North Dakota, Ran Shang

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

This thesis analyzes how the optimal capital structure is affected by capital management and major sources of risk under the rule of maximizing the value of discounted cash flows to members. The analysis is done by using the present value of cash flow method. This research employs the panel procedure in Statistical Analysis System (SAS) to solve the firm value optimization problem. The data set includes financial reports from farm supply and grain marketing cooperatives in North Dakota. Empirical Results indicate that the optimal debt ratio is related to the lagged debt ratio, the proportion of assets held as liquid …