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2012

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Students’ Science Knowledge As A Constraint In Developing Interests In Science Studies Among Secondary School Learners In Tanzania, John F. Kalolo, Eugenia J. Kafanabo Dec 2012

Students’ Science Knowledge As A Constraint In Developing Interests In Science Studies Among Secondary School Learners In Tanzania, John F. Kalolo, Eugenia J. Kafanabo

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The paper examines how students’ science knowledge is a constraint in developing interests in science studies. There are three objectives that guided the study on which this paper is based: examining student’s background knowledge about science and its related careers; assessing student’s awareness on science related professions; and examining the availability of various sources of science knowledge in schools for developing interest in science subjects in secondary schools. A total of 246 respondents participated in the study; and these included 60 teachers, 180 students and 6 heads of schools. The data were collected through questionnaire, interview, focus group discussion, and …

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Sinopsis De La Tribu Oryctini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) De Colombia, Robinson Sanabria-García, Héctor Jaime Gasca-Álvarez, German Amat-García Dec 2012

Sinopsis De La Tribu Oryctini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) De Colombia, Robinson Sanabria-García, Héctor Jaime Gasca-Álvarez, German Amat-García

Insecta Mundi

La tribu Oryctini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) comprende un grupo de escarabajos Dynastinae con distribución mundial, compuesta por 26 géneros y aproximadamente 230 especies, de los cuales 14 géneros y aproximadamente135 especies se encuentran distribuidas en la región Neotropical. Las especies se distribuyen tanto en los bosques tropicales secos como en las selvas pluviales, con un rango altitudinal que va desde el nivel del mar a los 2600 m. Algunas especies se alimentan de materia orgánica o frutos dulces en descomposición, otros barrenan los tallos de las plantas vivas, razón por la cual son considerados plagas de varios cultivos de interés económico. …

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Content Validity Of National Examinations In Assessing The Curriculum Objectives In Tanzania, Kitila Mkumbo Dec 2012

Content Validity Of National Examinations In Assessing The Curriculum Objectives In Tanzania, Kitila Mkumbo

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Several factors have been attributed to poor performance of students in the national form four examinations in the past five years. These factors include lack of teachers’ qualifications and poor commitment to teach; lack of teaching and learning facilities such as books, laboratory equipment and libraries; and poor teachers’ working conditions. Nevertheless, there has been no attempt to systematically examine the content of examinations as related to the implemented curriculum, with a view to assessing the validity of these examinations. This paper examines the content validity of the Form IV national examinations in assessing the curriculum objectives. The key question …

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The Role Of Heads Of Departments In Enhancing The Quality Of Education In Secondary Schools In Tanzania, Perpetua J. Urio Dec 2012

The Role Of Heads Of Departments In Enhancing The Quality Of Education In Secondary Schools In Tanzania, Perpetua J. Urio

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Heads of department are perceived as instructional leaders. This paper is based on a study that aimed to find out how heads of departments in Tanzanian secondary schools deal with their tasks in enhancing the quality of education, and the support accorded to them by the school administrative system in the performance of their duties. The study was conducted in Arusha and Coast regions, comprising a sample of 72 respondents from eight secondary schools. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires and documentary review. Data collected were subjected to content analysis and numerical data were summarized into tables. Findings revealed that, …

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Development Of Information And Communication Technology In Education In Tanzania: How Is Duce Playing Its Role?, Josta L. Nzilano, Ayoub C. Kafyulilo Dec 2012

Development Of Information And Communication Technology In Education In Tanzania: How Is Duce Playing Its Role?, Josta L. Nzilano, Ayoub C. Kafyulilo

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper presents the ICT integration situation in Tanzania, and the efforts that are being made by the Dar es Salaam University College of Education (DUCE), as a teacher training institution, to have ICT integrated in the education system at the college and country at large. Over 60 articles and reports were gathered and read in the process of writing the paper. However, through rigorous review of each article only 35 were found to match best with the goal of this study. Results from literature indicate that technology integration in the country was still at an infant stage. Most educational …

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Variation In Job Satisfaction Between Public And Private Secondary School Teachers In Tanzania: A Comparative Study At Kinondoni District, Faustine B. Masath Dec 2012

Variation In Job Satisfaction Between Public And Private Secondary School Teachers In Tanzania: A Comparative Study At Kinondoni District, Faustine B. Masath

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

In improving the quality of education in secondary schools, teachers’ job satisfaction is vital and an inevitable component. In Tanzania, however, the level of job satisfaction of secondary school teachers is not clear; and so is how public and private secondary schools differ in their level of job satisfaction. This paper aims to compare the level of job satisfaction between public and private secondary school teachers. The paper is based on a descriptive cross-sectional survey research design, which employed a sample of 275 respondents from 10 selected secondary schools in Kinondoni district. Teacher Job Satisfaction Scale (TJSS) and documentary review …

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Teacher Resource Centres: A Strategy For Secondary School Teachers’ Professional Development In Tanzania, Gadi Moses Koda Dec 2012

Teacher Resource Centres: A Strategy For Secondary School Teachers’ Professional Development In Tanzania, Gadi Moses Koda

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The overall education level in Tanzanians has increased in terms of schooling and even in fundamental literacy. While enrolment in secondary schools has been increasing rapidly, Form IV examinations results since 2010 have been discouraging, showing that there is a problem in the education system (NECTA, 2010). To address the situation, this article presents the needs for alternative strategies for secondary school teachers’ professional development in Tanzania. It focuses on the Teacher Resource Centre (TRC) approach as a strategy for secondary school teachers’ professional development in Tanzania. The paper also discusses equipment, materials, accessibility and management as well as teachers’ …

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An Inquiry Into The Political Correctness In Swahili And Mashami Traditions, Benedictor Phanuel Lema Dec 2012

An Inquiry Into The Political Correctness In Swahili And Mashami Traditions, Benedictor Phanuel Lema

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Political correctness evidences naturally evolving socio-political and economic dynamics that are constantly in force. This paper shows that political correctness, viewed from the perspective of the seemingly socio-cultural readjustments, needs to be understood from the underlying socio-cultural and political forces that are strongly embedded in the social structures. Borrowing from Swahili and Mashami cultures, this paper shows differences in the way they neutralize unfriendly terms, particularly in events where the labelling is a result of the work of God and naturally imposed calamities. It establishes that whereas Swahili culture seems to be rude in the eyes of the activists in …

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Effectiveness Of Basic Mathematics Continuous Assessment Feedback In Secondary Schools In Tanzania: The Case Of Schools In Coast And Dar Es Salaam Regions, Florence Kyaruzi Dec 2012

Effectiveness Of Basic Mathematics Continuous Assessment Feedback In Secondary Schools In Tanzania: The Case Of Schools In Coast And Dar Es Salaam Regions, Florence Kyaruzi

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper assesses the effectiveness of Basic Mathematics Continuous Assessment (CA) feedback in selected high performing (HP) and low performing (LP) secondary schools in Coast and Dar es Salaam regions, Tanzania. Various aspects that constitute an effective CA feedback were scrutinised. The paper is based on research. In this research, a mixed research approach of the concurrent triangulation design was employed where stratified, simple random and purposeful sampling techniques were used. The study was informed by documentary review, questionnaires and classroom observations. Data were both qualitatively and quantitatively analysed using content analysis and Statistical Software for Social Sciences (SPSS), version …

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Applications Of Weak Ion Association Between Symmetrical Tetraalkylammonium Ions And Inorganic Anions, Julius Mbuna Dec 2012

Applications Of Weak Ion Association Between Symmetrical Tetraalkylammonium Ions And Inorganic Anions, Julius Mbuna

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Interactions between tetraalkylammonium ions and inorganic anions can be used to develop methods of separation for inorganic anions by any separation technique. From the ion association and thermodynamic data, capillary electrophoretic (CE) technique can be easily designed to effect separation of inorganic anions samples. Using CE mode such as capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) to investigate weak ion association between inorganic anions and the pairing cations also furnishes data to evaluate association theories like Bjerrum’s theory. Findings show that the increase in association constant Kass as the dielectric constant decreased is not exponential as maintained by the Bjerrum’s theory. The increase …

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Advances And Challenges Of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: A Concise Review, Sanping Jiang Dec 2012

Advances And Challenges Of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: A Concise Review, Sanping Jiang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Fuel cell is an electrochemical energy conversion device to directly convert the chemical energy of fuels to electricity. Among all types of fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operating at intermediate temperatures of 600~800 oC offer an attractive option that is much more fuel flexible than low temperature fuel cells such as proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and is suitable for a wide range of applications. However, two main challenges remain towards the commercial viability and acceptance of the SOFC technologies: the cost and durability. Both are critically dependent on the process, fabrication, performance, chemical and microstructural stability …

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Ternary Alloy Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Jin Luo, Lefu Yang, Binghui Chen, Chuanjian Zhong Dec 2012

Ternary Alloy Electrocatalysts For Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Jin Luo, Lefu Yang, Binghui Chen, Chuanjian Zhong

Journal of Electrochemistry

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell represents an important electrochemical energy conversion device with many attractive features in terms of efficiency of energy conversion and minimization of environmental pollution. However, the large overpotential for oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode and the low activity, poor durability and high cost of platinum-based catalysts in the fuel cells constitute a focal point of major barriers to the commercialization of fuel cells. The development of nanostructured catalysts shows promises to addresses some of the challenging problems. The ability to engineer the composition and nanostructure of nanoalloy catalysts is important for developing active, robust and …

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Electrocatalytic Activity Of Palladium Nanocatalysts Supported On Carbon Nanoparticles In Formic Acid Oxidation, Jie Huang, Zhiyou Zhou, Yang Song, Xiongwu Kang, Ke Liu, Wancheng Zhou, Shaowei Chen Dec 2012

Electrocatalytic Activity Of Palladium Nanocatalysts Supported On Carbon Nanoparticles In Formic Acid Oxidation, Jie Huang, Zhiyou Zhou, Yang Song, Xiongwu Kang, Ke Liu, Wancheng Zhou, Shaowei Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Palladium nanostructures were deposited onto carbon nanoparticle surface by a chemical reduction method. Transmission electron microscopic studies showed that whereas the resulting metal-carbon (Pd-CNP) nanocomposites exhibited a diameter of 20 to 30 nm, the metal components actually showed a cauliflower-like surface morphology that consisted of numerous smaller Pd nanoparticles (3 to 8 nm). Electrochemical studies showed that the effective surface area of the Pd-CNP nanoparticles was about 40% less than that of Pd black, possibly because the Pd nanoparticles were coated with a layer of carbon nanoparticles; yet, the Pd-CNP nanocomposites exhibited marked enhancement of the electrocatalytic activity in formic …

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Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Formic Acid On Pd/Ni Heterostructured Catalyst, Mingjun Ren, Liangliang Zou, Ju Chen, Ting Yuan, Qinghong Huang, Haifeng Zhang, Hui Yang, Songlin Feng Dec 2012

Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Formic Acid On Pd/Ni Heterostructured Catalyst, Mingjun Ren, Liangliang Zou, Ju Chen, Ting Yuan, Qinghong Huang, Haifeng Zhang, Hui Yang, Songlin Feng

Journal of Electrochemistry

A Pd/Ni bimetallic nanostructured electrocatalyst was fabricated via a two-step reduction route. Owing to an epitaxial growth of Pd atoms on the surface of Ni nanoparticles, heterostructured Pd/Ni nanocomposites were formed and verified by high resolution transmission electron microscopy combined with energy-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction confirmed that the as-prepared Pd/Ni nanocomposites possessed a single face-centered-cubic (fcc) Pd structure, probably due to a weaker diffraction intensity of metallic Ni and/or overlapping by that of Pd. The intrinsic catalytic activity on the Pd/Ni is higher than that on the Pd. Moreover, the durability of formic acid oxidation on the Pd/Ni was …

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Adsorption And Electrooxidation Of Carbon Monoxide On Platinum Surfaces Modified With Sulfur, A. Mattox Mathew, W. Henney Matthew, Johnson Adam, Zou Shouzhong Dec 2012

Adsorption And Electrooxidation Of Carbon Monoxide On Platinum Surfaces Modified With Sulfur, A. Mattox Mathew, W. Henney Matthew, Johnson Adam, Zou Shouzhong

Journal of Electrochemistry

Adsorbed sulfur is commonly considered as a reaction poison. However, small amounts of sulfur on platinum significantly increase the surface reactivity toward carbon monoxide (CO) electrooxidation. For the solution CO oxidation, the onset potential was shifted up to over 300 mV negative to that on S-free surface, and the extent of the negative potential shift increases with the sulfur coverage (Xs) up to about 0.6. The enhanced CO oxidation also depends on the solution pH. For the adsorbed CO, at low sulfur coverages (Xs < 0.3), the oxidation peak potential is about 40 mV negative to that of the corresponding clean Pt. However, at higher coverages, the peak potential is about 30 mV more positive. Surface-enhanced Raman spectra show that the adsorption of sulfur significantly redshifts the Pt-CO stretching frequency. These observations are explained by the weakening of the Pt-CO bond and the hindrance of CO diffusion by Sads.

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Kinetic Study Of Photoelectrochemical Oxidation Of Lignin Model Compounds On Tio2 Nanotubes, Min Tian, Daniel Liba, Aicheng Chen Dec 2012

Kinetic Study Of Photoelectrochemical Oxidation Of Lignin Model Compounds On Tio2 Nanotubes, Min Tian, Daniel Liba, Aicheng Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this study, TiO2 nanotubes were prepared via the electrochemical oxidation of titanium substrates in a non-aqueous electrolyte and their morphology and microstructures were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The photoelectrochemical oxidation of two lignin model compounds, 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenoxy)-2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1,3-propanediol (DMP) and 3-hydroxy-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenoxy)-2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1,3-propanone (HDM), was investigated. A new band appeared at ~304 nm during the photoelectrochemical oxidation of DMP. The rate of DMP intermediate formation was amplified with the increase of initial concentrations, while it was diminished with increased temperature. Despite the similarity in structure between HDM and DMP, there are only small increases in absorbance …

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Author Index Of Journal Of Electrochemistry Vol.18 (2012), Editorial Office Of J.Electrochem. Dec 2012

Author Index Of Journal Of Electrochemistry Vol.18 (2012), Editorial Office Of J.Electrochem.

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

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Electrochemical Performance Of Screen-Printed Composite Coatings Of Conducting Polymers And Carbon Nanotubes On Titanium Bipolar Plates In Aqueous Asymmetrical Supercapacitors, Xiaohang Zhou, George Z. Chen Dec 2012

Electrochemical Performance Of Screen-Printed Composite Coatings Of Conducting Polymers And Carbon Nanotubes On Titanium Bipolar Plates In Aqueous Asymmetrical Supercapacitors, Xiaohang Zhou, George Z. Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Composites of conducting polymers (polypyrrole and polyaniline) with acid treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes were formulated into printable aqueous inks, with the aid of functional additives (benzethonium chloride as a surfactant with or without polyvinyl alcohol as a binder). The inks were screen-printed as fairly uniform coatings of various mass loading densities and areas (up to 75 mg cm-2 and 100 cm2) on thin titanium plates (0.1 mm in thickness). These screen-printed plates were used to fabricate both unit cell and multi-cell stack of asymmetrical supercapacitors with screen-printed negative electrodes of activated carbon (pigment black) in aqueous electrolytes …

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Author Instruction, Editorial Office Of J.Electrochem. Dec 2012

Author Instruction, Editorial Office Of J.Electrochem.

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

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Vowel Harmony In Kuria, Mary Zacharia Charwi Dec 2012

Vowel Harmony In Kuria, Mary Zacharia Charwi

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper describes vowel harmony in Kuria, an Eastern Bantu Language spoken in Tanzania and Kenya. It is indicated that Kuria has seven vowels which are contrastive in length, and which are not freely distributed. Two types of vowel harmony are explained, namely ‘the stem controlled vowel harmony’ and ‘the dominant vowel harmony’, each of which could be progressive or regressive. The paper also shows the distribution of Kuria vowels in nominal prefixes and pre-prefixes. Essentially long vowels can occur in any position but not in initial and final positions. The phonological processes that affect Kuria vowels are also accounted …

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Wilson’S Disease In Children (Clinical Presentations & Diagnostic Difficulties) (Three Years Experience In Children Welfare Teaching Hospital- Baghdad, Sawsan I.I. Al-Azzawi, Dheia Hassan Al-Baldawi, Auday Yasin Abbas Dec 2012

Wilson’S Disease In Children (Clinical Presentations & Diagnostic Difficulties) (Three Years Experience In Children Welfare Teaching Hospital- Baghdad, Sawsan I.I. Al-Azzawi, Dheia Hassan Al-Baldawi, Auday Yasin Abbas

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Wilson’s disease (WD) is rare but curable hereditary metabolic disease presents in childhood in different ways which make the diagnosis difficult and delayed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate all cases of WD, modes of presentations, available diagnostic methods, treatment and follow up in a sample of Iraqi children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Clinical presentations and management of 24 patients with WD were studied after the exclusion of other chronic liver diseases by thorough investigation. Low ceruloplasmin level and high copper excretion in urine pre and post challenge with penicillamine, in addition to the presence of Kayser Fleischer rings were the main …

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The Study Of Association Between Toxoplasma Gondii Infection With Ischemic Heart Diseases, Tariq.Q.Tallab, Jabbar R. Al-Autabbi, Dhiaa.K.Al-Umer Dec 2012

The Study Of Association Between Toxoplasma Gondii Infection With Ischemic Heart Diseases, Tariq.Q.Tallab, Jabbar R. Al-Autabbi, Dhiaa.K.Al-Umer

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of mortality in industrial and developing countries. New risk factors including infections are under investigation as potential factors. One of these infectious agents is Toxoplasma gondii, few data have been published on the association of atherosclerosis (the usual cause of ischemic heart disease) and Toxoplasma gondii infection. The OBJECTIVE: Was to investigate potential role of T.gondii infection as a risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis in ischemic heart disease patients and the correlation between T.gondii with other cardiovascular risk factors PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on (58) patients with …

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Src Activation By Β-Adrenoreceptors Is A Key Switch For Tumor Metastasis, Guillermo N. Armaiz-Pena, Julie K. Allen, Anthony Cruz, Rebecca L. Stone, Alpa M. Nick, Yvonne G. Lin, Liz Y. Han, Lingegowda S. Mangala, Gabriel J. Villares, Pablo Vivas-Mejia, Cristian Rodriguez-Aquayo, Archana S. Nagaraja, Kshipra M. Gharpure, Zheng Wu, Robert D. English, Kizhake V. Soman, Mian M. K. Shazhad, Maya Zigler, Michael T. Deavers, Alexander Zien, Tom Young Dec 2012

Src Activation By Β-Adrenoreceptors Is A Key Switch For Tumor Metastasis, Guillermo N. Armaiz-Pena, Julie K. Allen, Anthony Cruz, Rebecca L. Stone, Alpa M. Nick, Yvonne G. Lin, Liz Y. Han, Lingegowda S. Mangala, Gabriel J. Villares, Pablo Vivas-Mejia, Cristian Rodriguez-Aquayo, Archana S. Nagaraja, Kshipra M. Gharpure, Zheng Wu, Robert D. English, Kizhake V. Soman, Mian M. K. Shazhad, Maya Zigler, Michael T. Deavers, Alexander Zien, Tom Young

Publications and Research

Norepinephrine (NE) can modulate multiple cellular functions important for cancer progression; however, how this single extracellular signal regulates such a broad array of cellular processes is unknown. Here, we identify Src as a key regulator of phosphoproteomic signaling networks activated in response to beta-adrenergic signaling in cancer cells. These results also identify a new mechanism of Src phosphorylation that mediates beta-adrenergic/PKA regulation of downstream networks, thereby enhancing tumor cell migration, invasion and growth. In human ovarian cancer samples, high tumoral NE levels were correlated with high pSrcY419 levels. Moreover, among cancer patients, the use of beta blockers was significantly associated …

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Assessment Of Knowledge Of Pediatric Resident Doctors About Neonatal Pain, Numan Nafie Hameed, Bassam H. Sweedan Dec 2012

Assessment Of Knowledge Of Pediatric Resident Doctors About Neonatal Pain, Numan Nafie Hameed, Bassam H. Sweedan

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Infants including newborn babies, experience pain similarly and probably more intensely than older children and adult. They are also at risk of adverse long term effects on behavior and development, through inadequate attention towards pain relief in early life. However, the issue of analgesia in young babies has been largely neglected in most clinical setting, despite subjecting them to painful diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge of resident doctors regarding neonatal pain and to compare this with best evidence-based medicine. SUBJECTS & METHODS: A survey study questionnaires was distributed to pediatric resident doctors (PRD) in …

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Influenza Influenzainfluenza-A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And Perceptions Amo Perceptions Amo Perceptions Amo Perceptions Amoperceptions Amoperceptions Amoperceptions Among Al Ng Alng Al -Nahrain Medical Students Nahrain Medical Students Nahrain Medical Students Nahrain Medical Students Nahrain Medical Studentsnahrain Medical Students Nahrain, Atheer J. Abdul Ameer Dec 2012

Influenza Influenzainfluenza-A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And A (H1n1) Knowledge And Perceptions Amo Perceptions Amo Perceptions Amo Perceptions Amoperceptions Amoperceptions Amoperceptions Among Al Ng Alng Al -Nahrain Medical Students Nahrain Medical Students Nahrain Medical Students Nahrain Medical Students Nahrain Medical Studentsnahrain Medical Students Nahrain, Atheer J. Abdul Ameer

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Understanding the awareness and perception to infectious disease threats particularly among medical students is important to assist improving educational programs. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess students’ knowledge of the pandemic H1N1 influenza. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students of Al-Nahrain Medical College in Baghdad during February 2010. The data were collected through a self-administered anonymous questionnaire and results were analyzed using SPSS version 16. RESULTS: A total of 217 medical students participated in this study with a mean age of 21.1 (± 1.7). Overall, the mean score of students' knowledge was 69.95 …

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Prevalence And Risk Factors For Congenital Anomalies In Mosul City, Zhraa Abd-Alkader Taboo Dec 2012

Prevalence And Risk Factors For Congenital Anomalies In Mosul City, Zhraa Abd-Alkader Taboo

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Congenital anomalies define as abnormalities of body structure that originated before birth, about 3% of all children are born with a serious structural defect that interferes with normal body function and can lead to lifelong handicap or even early death. There is a variation in the frequency of congenital anomalies in different populations. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of the easily identifiable congenital anomalies also to estimate the risk factors which may predispose to anomalies and pattern of distribution of congenital anomalies of newborn in Mosul city. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, charts of forty six thousand and …

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Detection Of Human Papilloma Virus In Iraqi Patients With Breast Cancer, Ala, A A. Al-Mansour, Salim R. Al-Obaidy, Mushtak T. S. Al-Ouqaili Dec 2012

Detection Of Human Papilloma Virus In Iraqi Patients With Breast Cancer, Ala, A A. Al-Mansour, Salim R. Al-Obaidy, Mushtak T. S. Al-Ouqaili

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: It is well realized that breast cancer is the most terrifying cancer for females, the commonest malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Recent studies suggested that the association of viral infection with breast cancer pathogenesis such as Epstein Barr virus and mouse mammary tumor virus. In addition, human papilloma virus DNA sequences have been isolated. There is relationship between human papilloma virus and other neoplasms (anogenital, skin and 99.7% of cervicouterine carcinomas). OBJECTIVE: This study has been undertaken for detecting high risk group HPV genotypes in breast carcinoma in different provinces in Iraq …

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Evaluationof Highly Sensitive C-Reactive Protein In Female Patients With Nodal Osteoarthritis, Ammar W. Obeid, Munaf S. Daoud, Mohammed H. Alosami Dec 2012

Evaluationof Highly Sensitive C-Reactive Protein In Female Patients With Nodal Osteoarthritis, Ammar W. Obeid, Munaf S. Daoud, Mohammed H. Alosami

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Nodal Osteoarthritis is a subset of OA characterized by polyarticularinterphalangeal and thumb base OA ,Heberden’sand Bouchard’s nodes formation.C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the first acute phase response proteins to be elevated in an inflammatory processes. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to investigate whether the inflammatory processes have roles in the development of nodal osteoarthritis (NOA) in Iraqi femalepatients using serum highly sensitive C-reactive protein as aninflammatory marker. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study included eighty four females, divided into two main groups,sixty were patients with (NOA), and twenty-four represented the control group. Other subdivisions were applied …

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Levels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukinelevels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukine-8 And 8 And Some Ome Ome Antioxidants In Ntioxidants In Ntioxidants In Serum Of Erum Of Erum Of Patients With Osteoarthritis.Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients With Osteoarthritis.Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients With Osteoarthritis.Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients With Osteoarthritis.Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients, Abdulnasser M. Al-Gebori Dec 2012

Levels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukinelevels Of Interleukine Levels Of Interleukine-8 And 8 And Some Ome Ome Antioxidants In Ntioxidants In Ntioxidants In Serum Of Erum Of Erum Of Patients With Osteoarthritis.Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients With Osteoarthritis.Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients With Osteoarthritis.Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients With Osteoarthritis.Atients With Osteoarthritis. Atients, Abdulnasser M. Al-Gebori

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is a form of arthritis that features the breakdown and eventual loss of the cartilage of one or more joints. Cartilage is a protein substance that serves as a "cushion" between the bones of the joints. Among the over 100 different types of arthritis conditions, osteoarthritis is the most common, affecting over 25 million people in the United States. Osteoarthritis occurs more frequently as we age. Osteoarthritis is abbreviated as OA or referred to as degenerative arthritis or degenerative joint disease (DJD). Osteoarthritis commonly affects the hands, feet, spine, and large weight-bearing joints, such as the hips …

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Pregnancy With Stroke, Abathar Qahtan Dec 2012

Pregnancy With Stroke, Abathar Qahtan

Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Although stroke in pregnancy is uncommon, the risk of stroke is increased during pregnancy and puerperium, and considered a major contributor to the serious morbidity and mortality of pregnancy OBJECTIVE: This study had been designed to find the frequency of stroke in relation to different periods of pregnancy and puerperium, to assess the effect of variable risk factors and their association with stroke and to verify which type of stroke is more frequent among pregnant ladies METHODS : This is a cross sectional study that enrolled 30 pregnant patients who had stroke either during pregnancy or puerperium and …

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