Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2012

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 5041 - 5070 of 22916

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

The Social Bioarchaeology Of Childhood As Applied To The Analysis Of An Excavated Mid- To Late-Nineteenth-Century Mennonite Cemetery, Berne, Indiana, Jennifer L. Hildebrand Aug 2012

The Social Bioarchaeology Of Childhood As Applied To The Analysis Of An Excavated Mid- To Late-Nineteenth-Century Mennonite Cemetery, Berne, Indiana, Jennifer L. Hildebrand

Department of Anthropology: Theses and Student Research

This thesis provides a social-bioarchaeological analysis of the Old Mennonite Cemetery (1852-1896) in Berne, Indiana, with emphasis on treatment of child burials as a reflection of Mennonite identity and beliefs. Social bioarchaeology combines the methods of both social archaeology and bioarchaeology. When applied to the study of children in a mortuary context, social bioarchaeology allows determination of cultural age categories and a fuller understanding of childhood. In this study, various forms of historical documentation were utilized to provide a social context for analysis of the cemetery. These materials revealed a collective religious identity based on practices pertaining to children, most …

Go to article

Status And Prosociality In Egalitarian Societies, Zachary Garfield Aug 2012

Status And Prosociality In Egalitarian Societies, Zachary Garfield

Department of Anthropology: Theses and Student Research

Egalitarian societies have been the subject of significant academic attention for their unique cultural qualities, both as a representation of a distinct political category, and as a base line in the context of biological and cultural evolution. Although the domains and degrees of egalitarianism vary cross-culturally, certain characteristics seem universal. Egalitarian societies are nonstratified social systems that lack hereditary statuses with ascribed coercive power. In egalitarian societies leadership is achieved and dependent upon personal qualities and individual behavior. Leaders are granted authority but lack coercive power and rely on techniques such as persuasion to exert influence over others. Multiple theories …

Go to article

Thermal Plasticity Within And Across Generations And Its Relevance To Contemporary Evolution, Santiago Salinas Aug 2012

Thermal Plasticity Within And Across Generations And Its Relevance To Contemporary Evolution, Santiago Salinas

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Understanding and predicting how populations will react to changes in the environment is a long-standing goal in evolutionary ecology. It is also of considerable practical importance, as anthropogenic changes stress species worldwide. The relevance of phenotypic plasticity is becoming more apparent as species are forced to cope with rapid changes in the environment. This dissertation explores ways in which phenotypic plasticity will play a major role in determining the future of populations. In Chapters 1 and 2, I evaluate a modeling framework that could be used to predict plastic changes in key life history traits of ectotherms brought about by …

Go to article

Design, Synthesis And Evaluation Of Inhibitors Of The Enoyl-Acp Reductase From Staphylococcus Aureus And Yesinia Pestis, Sonam Shah Aug 2012

Design, Synthesis And Evaluation Of Inhibitors Of The Enoyl-Acp Reductase From Staphylococcus Aureus And Yesinia Pestis, Sonam Shah

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Infectious diseases, caused by pathogenic biological agents, are the leading causes of death worldwide, especially in low-income countries. Two such pathogenic bacteria that are our centers of interest are Staphylococcus aureus, the most common cause of hospital acquired infection and Yesinia pestis, the priority pathogen that causes plague. In order to develop drugs against these pathogens, we focus on the fatty acid biosynthesis (FASII) pathway, a validated target for drug discovery due to structural differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic fatty acid synthesis machinery. Previously, a library of diphenyl ethers synthesized by our lab exhibited potent inhibition of the enzyme enoyl-ACP …

Go to article

Functions Of Interferon Stimulated Gene, Isg54, Marcin Stawowczyk Aug 2012

Functions Of Interferon Stimulated Gene, Isg54, Marcin Stawowczyk

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The ability of interferons to protect cells from viral infection depends on the activation of multiple interferon-stimulated genes that together induce an anti-viral state. One of the genes is Interferon Stimulated Gene 54 (ISG54/IFIT2), coding for a 54kDa protein with a highly segmented structure rich in tetratricopeptide (TPR) motifs. We discovered that ISG54 promotes apoptosis in cancer cell lines, and that shRNA knockdown of ISG54 significantly reduced cell death in response to interferon. ISG54-mediated apoptosis proceeds by the mitochondrial pathway and requires the presence of Bax and Bak proteins. The anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-xL) effectively blocks ISG54-mediated apoptosis. In addition, …

Go to article

A Role For The Polarity Protein Par3 In Erbb2-Induced Breast Cancer, Bin Xue Aug 2012

A Role For The Polarity Protein Par3 In Erbb2-Induced Breast Cancer, Bin Xue

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Polarity protein Partitioning defective protein 3 (Par3) is an evolutional conserved scaffold protein in metazoans. Par3 together with Par6 and aPKC form Par complex and localize at the subapical domain of epithelial cells. Par3 plays important roles during establishment of apical membrane and tight junctions in epithelia. In my thesis, I identified Par3 as a novel metastasis suppressor in breast cancer. ErbB2, also known as HER2, is an important proto-oncogene in breast cancer. Approximately 25% of breast cancers have ErbB2 amplification or overexpression and correlate with poor prognosis. Downregulation of Par3 cooperated with ErbB2 to induce cell invasion in mammary …

Go to article

The Functions And Consequences Of Intergroup Aggression Among Argentine Tufted Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus Apella [Sapajus] Nigritus), Clara Joann Scarry Aug 2012

The Functions And Consequences Of Intergroup Aggression Among Argentine Tufted Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus Apella [Sapajus] Nigritus), Clara Joann Scarry

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Intergroup encounters provide dramatic examples of cooperative behavior, in which unrelated individuals may coordinate aggression when mutual benefits arise from defending access to resources. While between-group competition over mates and resources are pivotal factors in theoretical models of the evolution of primate behavior, systematic study of these interactions has been limited due to the relative rarity of intergroup encounters and the logistical difficulties of studying multiple social groups simultaneously. Here I examine the nature and consequences of between-group competition in tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella [Sapajus] nigritus) in Iguaz?? National Park, Argentina. I followed four neighboring groups, collecting explicit measures …

Go to article

Role Of Alternative Splicing In Regulating Cancer Cell Metabolism, Deblina Chatterjee Aug 2012

Role Of Alternative Splicing In Regulating Cancer Cell Metabolism, Deblina Chatterjee

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Cancer cells preferentially metabolize glucose by aerobic glycolysis, characterized by increased lactate production. This distinctive metabolism involves expression of the embryonic M2 isozyme of pyruvate kinase, in contrast to the M1 isozyme normally expressed in differentiated cells, and it confers a proliferative advantage to tumor cells. The M1 and M2 pyruvate kinase isozymes are expressed from a single gene through alternative splicing of a pair of mutually exclusive exons. We measured the expression of M1 and M2 mRNA and protein isoforms in mouse and human tissues, tumor cell lines, and during terminal differentiation of muscle cells,and showed that alternative splicing …

Go to article

Behavioral And Emotional Correlates Of The Cbcl-Pediatric Bipolar Disorder Profile In Preschool Children, Jiyon Kim Aug 2012

Behavioral And Emotional Correlates Of The Cbcl-Pediatric Bipolar Disorder Profile In Preschool Children, Jiyon Kim

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

A growing body of literature indicates that the CBCL-Pediatric Bipolar Disorder (CBCL-PBD) profile identifies a distinctive group of youths at heightened risk for severe psychopathology, comorbidity, and marked impairment in functioning. However, no clear consensus has been reached yet on how best to conceptualize this group of children. Existing studies have focused on diagnostic variables associated with the CBCL-PBD profile in school-age children and adolescents. Thus, little is known about psychosocial correlates of the profile and characteristics of the profile in young children. Therefore, the current study seeks to examine early developmental correlates of preschool children with and without the …

Go to article

Design Of Ultra-Sensitive Fluorescence Detection System For Applications In Molecular Biology, Ivan Tovkach Aug 2012

Design Of Ultra-Sensitive Fluorescence Detection System For Applications In Molecular Biology, Ivan Tovkach

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

I present design of a new ultra-sensitive data acquisition system for fluorescence detection applications. Based on single photon detection, the developed system comprises a unique single photon spectrometer with high detection speed and wide linearity dynamic range, and a fiberized capillary sample analyzer. The system is capable of detecting multicolor fluorescence produced by mixtures of fluorescent dyes as well as by micro and nano-objects. In the system, the analyzed sample is forced into the capillary by applying either air pressure or electric field. When the sample passes through a detection area, a laser beam induces multi-color fluorescence. Polychromatic fluorescence is …

Go to article

Drugs, Crime, And The Epigenetics Of Hedonic Allostasis, Anthony Walsh, Hailey Johnson, Jonathan D. Bolen Aug 2012

Drugs, Crime, And The Epigenetics Of Hedonic Allostasis, Anthony Walsh, Hailey Johnson, Jonathan D. Bolen

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations

Researchers have found staggering numbers of drug addicts among incarcerated populations and have conceded that drug abuse is an important correlate of deviant behavior, but few included an understanding of the biological process leading to drug addiction. Chronic drug abuse and criminality are housed within a much broader propensity of some individuals to engage in a variety of antisocial behaviors, and this article clarifies the link and proposed shared mechanisms between criminal behavior and drug abuse through a molecular-genetic and neurobiological lens. Multiple genes, enzymes, and transcription factors are involved in drug addition, with over 100 genes known to be …

Go to article

Using Attribute Behavior Diversity To Build Accurate Decision Tree Committees For Microarray Data, Qian Han, Guozhu Dong Aug 2012

Using Attribute Behavior Diversity To Build Accurate Decision Tree Committees For Microarray Data, Qian Han, Guozhu Dong

Kno.e.sis Publications

DNA microarrays (gene chips), frequently used in biological and medical studies, measure the expressions of thousands of genes per sample. Using microarray data to build accurate classifiers for diseases is an important task. This paper introduces an algorithm, called Committee of Decision Trees by Attribute Behavior Diversity (CABD), to build highly accurate ensembles of decision trees for such data. Since a committee's accuracy is greatly influenced by the diversity among its member classifiers, CABD uses two new ideas to "optimize" that diversity, namely (1) the concept of attribute behavior–based similarity between attributes, and (2) …

Go to article

Academic Rigor In High School Curricula, College-Readiness, And Post-Secondary Performance, Sharon A. Roberts Aug 2012

Academic Rigor In High School Curricula, College-Readiness, And Post-Secondary Performance, Sharon A. Roberts

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

In light of the alarming statistics relating to the Hispanic population to be researched and the questions elicited with respect to the overall focus of preparing students not only to be “college-ready” but to be successful in college, the primary purpose of this study is to determine to what extent native cumulative grade point average and cumulative college credit hours during the fourth semester of postsecondary studies are a function of the level of high school English, math, science, and social studies courses, grades in these courses, standardized test scores in these courses, and gender and socioeconomic status for students …

Go to article

A Probability Distribution Of Shape For The Dental Maxillary Arch Using Digital Images, O. M. Rijal, N.A. Abdullah, Z. M. Isa, N. M. Noor, O.F. Tawfiq Aug 2012

A Probability Distribution Of Shape For The Dental Maxillary Arch Using Digital Images, O. M. Rijal, N.A. Abdullah, Z. M. Isa, N. M. Noor, O.F. Tawfiq

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Selected landmarks from each of 47 maxillary dental casts were used to define a Cartesian-coordinate system from which the positions of selected teeth were determined on standardized digital images. The position of the i-th tooth was defined by a line of length ( i l ) joining the tooth to the origin, and the angle ( i T ) of this line to the horizontal Cartesian axis. Four teeth, the central incisor, lateral incisor, canine and first molar were selected and their position were collectively used to represent the shape of the dental arch. A pilot study using clustering and …

Go to article

Fluid Structure Interaction Simulation Of Left Ventricular Flow Dynamics Under Left Ventricular Assist Device Support, C.W. Ong, B.T. Chan, E. Lim, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, A.A. Abed, S. Dokos, N.H. Lovell Aug 2012

Fluid Structure Interaction Simulation Of Left Ventricular Flow Dynamics Under Left Ventricular Assist Device Support, C.W. Ong, B.T. Chan, E. Lim, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, A.A. Abed, S. Dokos, N.H. Lovell

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

For patient’s receiving mechanical circulatory support, malfunction of the left ventricular assist device (LVADs) as well as mal-positioning of the cannula imposes serious threats to their life. It is therefore important to characterize the flow pattern and pressure distribution within the ventricle in the presence of an LVAD. In this paper, we present a 2D axisymmetric fluid structure interaction model of the passive left ventricle (LV) incorporating an LVAD cannula to simulate the effect of the LVAD cannula placement on the vortex dynamics. Results showed that larger recirculation area was formed at the cannula tip with increasing cannula insertion depth, …

Go to article

Research And Authorship Responsibilities, L.M. Looi Aug 2012

Research And Authorship Responsibilities, L.M. Looi

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Safety, Efficacy And Metabolism Of Traditional Medicinal Plants In The Management Of Obesity: A Review, M. Kazemipoor, C.W.J. Wan Mohamed Radzi, G.A. Cordell, I. Yaze Aug 2012

Safety, Efficacy And Metabolism Of Traditional Medicinal Plants In The Management Of Obesity: A Review, M. Kazemipoor, C.W.J. Wan Mohamed Radzi, G.A. Cordell, I. Yaze

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Obesity is an important global health concern, and is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Modern methods of treatment, such as synthetic drugs and surgery, still have to be improved to show safety and efficacy. The main concerns with such treatments are the high costs and serious complications. As a result, there is great interest in the use of plant-based medicinal agents as an alternative therapy. This study aims to provide a review of the studies on accessible botanical sources for the treatment of obesity. Based on published studies, this review attempts to explain how these medicinal plants act …

Go to article

Simulation Of Left Ventricle Flow Dynamics With Dilated Cardiomyopathy During The Filling Phase, B.T. Chan, C.W. Ong, N. Lim, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, A. Al Abed, N.H. Lovell, S. Dokos Aug 2012

Simulation Of Left Ventricle Flow Dynamics With Dilated Cardiomyopathy During The Filling Phase, B.T. Chan, C.W. Ong, N. Lim, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, A. Al Abed, N.H. Lovell, S. Dokos

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cardiac disease which leads to the deterioration in cardiac performance. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach can be used to enhance our understanding of the disease, by providing us with a detailed map of the intraventricular flow and pressure distributions. In the present work, effect of ventricular size on the intraventricular flow dynamics and intraventricular pressure gradients (IVPGs) was studied using two different implementation methods, i.e. the geometry-prescribed and the fluid structure interaction (FSI) methods. Results showed that vortex strength and IVPGs are significantly reduced in a dilated heart, leading to an increased risk …

Go to article

Recent Developments And Applications Of Microextraction Techniques For The Analysis Of Pesticide Residues In Fruits And Vegetables, G.H. Tan, L.B. Abdulra'uf Aug 2012

Recent Developments And Applications Of Microextraction Techniques For The Analysis Of Pesticide Residues In Fruits And Vegetables, G.H. Tan, L.B. Abdulra'uf

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Association Between Nutrition And Cognitive Function In Costa Rican Older Adults, Maria Aragon Aug 2012

Association Between Nutrition And Cognitive Function In Costa Rican Older Adults, Maria Aragon

All Theses

Older adults are among the fastest-growing segment of the world's population. In Costa Rica, life expectancy is comparable to developed countries, such as the United States and Western European countries. The loss of cognitive capacity is one of the most significant issues affecting the quality of life of older adults and their families. Although the causes of cognitive decline remain uncertain, it has been linked to cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure. Dietary fatty acids have an important role in these conditions, making it is plausible that they could play a role in cognitive deterioration …

Go to article

Social Capital And Subjective Well-Being: The Case Of Rural Ethiopia, Vanessa Dodd Aug 2012

Social Capital And Subjective Well-Being: The Case Of Rural Ethiopia, Vanessa Dodd

All Theses

The current study examined the association between social capital and subjective well-being (SWB) in rural Ethiopia. The current study used the 2009 Ethiopian Rural Household Study (ERHS) with a sample of 1277 households. It was hypothesized that social capital is positively associated with SWB, that cognitive social capital would have a stronger association with SWB than would structural social capital, and that the relationship between social capital and SWB will differ by region. The study included an examination of the interaction between regions in Ethiopia, social capital, and SWB. It was found that membership in an equub, generalized trust, and …

Go to article

The Effects Of Drought On The Abundance Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus, In The Ace Basin Nerr In South Carolina, Kirk Parmenter Aug 2012

The Effects Of Drought On The Abundance Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus, In The Ace Basin Nerr In South Carolina, Kirk Parmenter

All Dissertations

Blue crabs make up one of the most important commercial fisheries in the U.S. but there has been some concern over the health of blue crab populations due to large declines in landings seen in recent years. There is a significant positive correlation between river discharge and commercial landings suggesting that drought may be to blame for the recent decline in crab numbers. The work I completed for my dissertation tested multiple hypotheses examining the link between decreasing freshwater discharge, the subsequent rise in salinity, and the abundance of blue crabs in the ACE Basin National Estuarine Research Reserve.
To …

Go to article

Gallium Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Anti-Cancerous Bone Cements: Glass Characterization And Physical Properties, A. W. Wren, A. Coughlan, L. Placek, Mark R. Towler Aug 2012

Gallium Containing Glass Polyalkenoate Anti-Cancerous Bone Cements: Glass Characterization And Physical Properties, A. W. Wren, A. Coughlan, L. Placek, Mark R. Towler

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A gallium (Ga) glass series (0.48SiO2-0.40ZnO-0.12CaO, with 0.08 mol% substitution for ZnO) was developed to formulate a Ga-containing Glass Polyalkenoate Cement (GPC) series. Network connectivity (NC) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) was employed to investigate the role of Ga3+ in the glass, where it is assumed to act as a network modifier. Ga-GPC series was formulated with E9 and E11 polyacrylic acid (PAA) at 50, 55 and 60 wt% additions. E11 working times (Tw) ranged from 68 to 96 s (Lcon.) and 106 s for the Ga-GPCs (LGa-1 and LGa-2). Setting times (Ts) …

Go to article

Experimental Composite Guidance Conduits For Peripheral Nerve Repair: An Evaluation Of Ion Release, X. F. Zhang, A. Coughlan, H. O'Shea, Mark R. Towler, S. Kehoe, D. Boyd Aug 2012

Experimental Composite Guidance Conduits For Peripheral Nerve Repair: An Evaluation Of Ion Release, X. F. Zhang, A. Coughlan, H. O'Shea, Mark R. Towler, S. Kehoe, D. Boyd

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) - Pluronic F127 - glass composites have demonstrated excellent potential, from the perspective of controlled mechanical properties and cytocompatibility, for peripheral nerve regeneration. In addition to controlling the mechanical properties and cytotoxicity for such composite devices, the glass component may mediate specific responses upon implantation via degradation in the physiological environment and release of constituent elements. However, research focused on quantifying the release levels of such therapeutic ions from these experimental medical devices has been limited. To redress the balance, this paper explores the ion release profiles for Si4+, Ca2+, Na+, …

Go to article

Ais-Based Coordinated And Adaptive Control Of Generator Excitation Systems For An Electric Ship, Chuan Yan, Ganesh Kumar Venayagamoorthy, Keith Corzine Aug 2012

Ais-Based Coordinated And Adaptive Control Of Generator Excitation Systems For An Electric Ship, Chuan Yan, Ganesh Kumar Venayagamoorthy, Keith Corzine

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

An artificial immune system (AIS)-Based control of generator excitation systems for the U.S. Navy's electric ship is presented in this paper to solve power quality problems caused by high-energy loads such as direct energy weapons. the coordinated development of the AIS controllers mainly consists of two parts innate immunity (optimal) and adaptive immunity. the parameters of the controllers for the former, to provide optimal performance, are determined simultaneously using particle swarm optimization. for dramatic changes in the ship's power system, adaptive control based on the immune system feedback law is developed. the feedback law adapts the controllers' parameters only during …

Go to article

Recent Actions Of The Ohio Bird Records Committee April 2011 - April 2012, Edward O. Keller Aug 2012

Recent Actions Of The Ohio Bird Records Committee April 2011 - April 2012, Edward O. Keller

Ohio Cardinal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Birds Of Ohio In Days Of Olde, Laura Peskin Aug 2012

Birds Of Ohio In Days Of Olde, Laura Peskin

Ohio Cardinal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Dha Derivatives Of Fish Oil As Dietary Supplements: A Nutrition-Based Drug Discovery Approach For Therapies To Prevent Metabolic Cardiotoxicity, Yonggang Ma, Merry L. Lindsey, Ganesh V. Halade Aug 2012

Dha Derivatives Of Fish Oil As Dietary Supplements: A Nutrition-Based Drug Discovery Approach For Therapies To Prevent Metabolic Cardiotoxicity, Yonggang Ma, Merry L. Lindsey, Ganesh V. Halade

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: During the early 1970s, Danish physicians Jorn Dyerberg and colleagues observed that Greenland Eskimos consuming fatty fishes exhibited low incidences of heart disease. Fish oil is now one of the most commonly consumed dietary supplements. In 2004, concentrated fish oil was approved as a drug by the FDA for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Fish oil contains two major omega-3 fatty acids: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). With advancements in lipid concentration and purification techniques, EPA- or DHA-enriched products are now commercially available, and the availability of these components in isolation allows their individual effects to be examined. …

Go to article

Cave Research Foundation Quarterly, Volume 40, No. 3, Laura Lexander Aug 2012

Cave Research Foundation Quarterly, Volume 40, No. 3, Laura Lexander

KIP Articles

Contents: McCormick Cave Gating Project -- President's Column / Charles Fox -- Robert Louis Taylor 1944-2012, Composite of articles written by / Jonathan Beard and Kathy Taylor -- Ozark Region Gating Projects, May 2012 / Jim Cooley -- Regional Expedition Reports -- 2012 Expedition Calendar

Go to article

Journal Of Cave And Karst Studies, Volume 74, No. 2, August 2012, Table Of Contents, National Speleological Society Aug 2012

Journal Of Cave And Karst Studies, Volume 74, No. 2, August 2012, Table Of Contents, National Speleological Society

KIP Articles

No abstract provided.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last