Digital Commons Network^™

2012-2013. Catalog., Hope College

Hope College Catalogs

No abstract provided.

The Three-Fold Significance Of The Blaming Emotions, Zac Cogley

Publication

Much of the philosophical work on moral responsibility assumes that we should understand people’s moral responsibility for the actions they take in terms of the appropriateness of the blaming emotions—resentment, anger, and indignation. However, current theorizing about the blaming emotions is often psychologically uninformed. Drawing on work in empirical psychology, I have recently argued that anger serves three functions in human psychology: appraisal, motivation, and communication. In this project, I propose to extend that analysis to the entire class of blaming emotions. I will show that theorizing about moral responsibility is myopic if it focuses on one of the functions …

Analytical Strategies For Drug Residues In Various Matrices In A Regulatory Laboratory., Geraldine Dowling

Dissertations

Abstract

Today, in modern farming practices veterinary drugs are given to food-producing animals. The generic term “veterinary drugs” covers a broad variety of classes of chemical compounds and the list of drugs is enormous and it is a significant analytical challenge in regulatory control to provide monitoring programmes. The major concerns in veterinary drug usage are the presence of harmful residues that may be introduced into the human food chain. The aim of this research is the development of analytical methods capable of screening and confirming increased numbers of these residues in target matrices by Gas Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry …

Front Matter

Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review

No abstract provided.

Financial Conflicts Of Interest In Science, Joanna K. Sax

Annals of Health Law and Life Sciences

This Article proposes a new direction for addressing financial conflicts of interest, which plague biomedical research and threaten scientific integrity. This Article descriptively states the controversy surrounding financial conflicts of interest by explaining how these conflicts arise and the damage that can be created as a result. By describing the scientific process, the Article explains that changes to the academic environment may allow the public-private interaction to proceed, without creating the problems associated with financial conflicts of interest.

Financial conflicts of interest are created when the profit-seeking motive of a private funding source unduly influences an academic scientist's primary responsibilities. …

Moderating Mayo, Bernard Chao

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

The Supreme Court’s latest pronouncements on patentable subject matter in Mayo v. Prometheus have already created a firestorm of controversy. The Court found that various limitations did not add enough to the law of nature that lies at the heart of Prometheus’ medical diagnostic patents to render the claims patent eligible. Because the Supreme Court never explained what “enough” is, critics have been quick to deride Mayo and warn that it would radically limit patent eligibility in a wide-ranging number of industries. Although I agree with the ultimate result reached by the Supreme Court, I am also concerned that its …

Recognizing The Right To Petition For Victims Of Domestic Violence, Tamara L. Kuennen

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

Like any citizen, a victim of domestic violence (DV) may call the police for help when she needs it. And yet, when a victim calls the police, she not only seeks law enforcement assistance but also invokes her constitutional right to seek one of the most fundamental services the government can provide—protection from harm. That right, recently described by the Supreme Court as “essential to freedom,” is the right “to petition the Government for a redress of grievances” guaranteed by the First Amendment. This Article argues that a combination of law and policy initiatives produces negative collateral consequences for DV …

Eddy Viscosity And Diffusivity In The Modon-Sea Model, Timour Radko

Journal of Marine Research

A deterministic model is developed to evaluate and explain the rate of dissipation of momentum in eddying oceanic flows. Theory is based on a classical conceptualization of mesoscale variability – Stern's modon-sea solution – which represents a closely packed array of steady compact dipolar vortices on the barotropic beta-plane. In our model, the periodic modon-sea pattern is subjected to a large-scale perturbation, weakly modulating the amplitude of the individual modons. The asymptotic multiscale analysis makes it possible to explicitly describe the interaction between the modon-sea eddies and the perturbing flow. This interaction results in a systematic weakening of the large-scale …

Measuring Overturns With Gliders, S. A. Thorpe

Journal of Marine Research

The accuracy of the estimation of the vertical size of eddies in turbulent stratified shear flows in the ocean from measurements obtained by gliders is examined. It is assumed that gliders move along paths inclined at moderate angles to the horizontal. Comparison is made with measurements by probes falling or lowered vertically through billows resulting from Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) or Holmboe instability and through the statically unstable regions formed at early stages of convective breaking of internal waves. The probable errors involved in estimating the overturn scale of a K-H billow along the track of a glider are greatest when the …

Glider Measurements Of Overturning In A Kelvin-Helmholtz Billow Train, W. D. Smyth, S. A. Thorpe

Journal of Marine Research

The prospects for glider-based measurement of turbulence statistics are assessed using direct numerical simulation data representing breaking Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) billows in a stratified, parallel shear flow. Transects tilted upstream against the shear tend to produce overestimates of overturning; those tilted with the shear produce underestimates. Low-angle transects can produce illusory overturning as the braid between the KH billows is crossed. Statistical features of the bias in displacement scales are related to geometrical aspects of KH billows. Results are interpreted in the context of a hypothetical effort to characterize overturning in a strongly sheared current (e.g. the Equatorial Undercurrent) using nonvertical …

Cross-Shelf Mixing And Mid-Shelf Front Dynamics In The Mid-Atlantic Bight Evaluated Using The Radium Quartet, Scott L. Stachelhaus, S. Bradley Moran, David S. Ullman, Roger P. Kelly

Journal of Marine Research

Mid-shelf fronts (MSFs) are thought to be ubiquitous in shelf areas. However, their dynamical role in cross-shelf mixing has yet to be fully characterized. In January, February, and April of 2007, radium isotopes (²²³Ra, t_1/2 = 11 d; ²²⁴Ra, t_1/2 = 3.7 d; ²²⁶Ra, t_1/2 = 1600 yr; ²²⁸Ra, t_{1/2 = 5.7 yr) were measured along a transect in the Mid-Atlantic Bight to constrain mixing rates at and around a MSF. Cross-shelf eddy diffusivities (Kx) were determined from ²²³Ra and ²²⁴Ra distributions using a variable-depth model. Two key assumptions …}

Development Of Resistance To An Introduced Marine Pathogen By A Native Host, Susan E. Ford, David Bushek

Journal of Marine Research

In 1957–1959, the introduced protistan parasite, Haplosporidium nelsoni, killed 90–95% of the oysters (Crassostrea virginica) in lower Delaware Bay and about half of those in the upper bay. Shortly thereafter, H. nelsoni-caused mortality in the wild population of the lower bay declined, approximating that of first-generation selectively bred oysters. For nearly three decades thereafter no further change in survival of the wild population was evident, although steady improvement was achieved by continued selective breeding. Survival of the wild population is thought to have plateaued because the great majority of oysters inhabited the upper bay where they …

Effective Population Sizes Of Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica (Gmelin) Populations In Delaware Bay, Usa, Yan He, Susan E. Ford, David Bushek, Eric N. Powell, Zhenmin Bao, Ximing Guo

Journal of Marine Research

Effective population size (N_e) is an important concept in population genetics as it dictates the rate of genetic change caused by drift. N_e estimates for many marine populations are small relative to the census population size. Small N_e in a large population may indicate high reproductive variance or sweepstakes reproductive success (SRS). The eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) may be prone to SRS due to its high fecundity and high larval mortality. To examine if SRS occurs in the eastern oyster, we studied N_e and genetic variation of oyster populations in Delaware Bay. …

Modeling The Dispersal Of Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea Virginica) Larvae In Delaware Bay, Diego A. Narváez, John M. Klinck, Eric N. Powell, Eileen E. Hofmann, John Wilkin, Dale B. Haidvogel

Journal of Marine Research

The interactions of circulation and growth processes in determining the horizontal distribution of eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) larvae in the Delaware Bay estuary were investigated with a coupled circulation-individual-based larvae model that used environmental conditions from the spawning seasons (mid-June to mid-September) of 1984, 1985, 1986, 2000, and 2001. Particles, representing oyster larvae, were released at five-day intervals from areas in Delaware Bay that correspond to natural oyster reefs. The simulated larval development time was used to estimate potential larval success, determined by the percent of larvae that successfully reached settlement size (330 μm) within the planktonic larval …

Reconciling Float-Based And Tracer-Based Estimates Of Lateral Diffusivities, Andreas Klocker, Raffaele Ferrari, Joseph H. Lacasce, Sophia T. Merrifield

Journal of Marine Research

Lateral diffusivities are computed from synthetic particles and tracers advected by a velocity field derived from sea-surface height measurements from the South Pacific, in a region west of Drake Passage. Three different estimates are compared: (1) the tracer-based “effective diffusivity” of Nakamura (1996), (2) the growth of the second moment of a cloud of tracer and (3) the single- and two-particle Lagrangian diffusivities. The effective diffusivity measures the cross-stream component of eddy mixing, so this article focuses on the meridional diffusivities for the others, as the mean flow (the ACC) is zonally oriented in the region. After an initial transient …

Intermittent Bioirrigation And Oxygen Dynamics In Permeable Sediments: An Experimental And Modeling Study Of Three Tellinid Bivalves, Nils Volkenborn, Christof Meile, Lubos Polerecky, Conrad A. Pilditch, Alf Norkko, Joanna Norkko, Judi E. Hewitt, Simon F. Thrush, David S. Wethey, Sarah A. Woodin

Journal of Marine Research

To explore the dynamic nature of geochemical conditions in bioirrigated marine permeable sediments, we studied the hydraulic activity of three tellinacean bivalve molluscs (the Pacific species Macoma nasuta and Macomona liliana, and the northern Atlantic and Pacific species Macoma balthica). We combined porewater pressure sensing, time-lapse photography and oxygen imaging to quantify the durations and frequencies of tellinid irrigation activity and the associated oxygen dynamics in the sediment. Porewater pressure records of all tellinids were dominated by intermittent porewater pressurization, induced by periodic water injection into the sediment through their excurrent siphons, which resulted in intermittent oxygen supply …

Deep Circulation In The Eastern South Pacific Ocean, Vincent Faure, Kevin Speer

Journal of Marine Research

We use an inverse method to compute the deep circulation in the eastern South Pacific Ocean, on isopycnal layers within the depth range of 1,000–3,000 m. The method gives probability density functions of the isopycnal and diapycnal velocities and diffusivities on a grid with a realistic eastern boundary, based on tracer fields. An oxygen consumption rate, assumed spatially constant, controls the solution effectiveness (minimum value of the model cost function) and the magnitude of the diffusivities. The isopycnal circulation is, by contrast, less dependent on the consumption rate. Direct deep float displacement data is used as a check on our …

Graduate Medical Education 2011-2012 Annual Report, Children's Mercy Hospital

GME Annual Reports

Annual report of the Children's Mercy Hospital Graduate Medical Education department, including pediatric residency, internal medicine/pediatrics residency, fellowship programs, medical students, continuing medical education, and library services.

Lessons For Legal Education From The Engineering Profession's Experience With Outcomes-Based Accreditation, Deborah Maranville, Kate O'Neill, Carolyn Plumb

William Mitchell Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Norquest Family: A Porción Of Edinburg, University Of Texas--Pan American. Community Historical Archaeology Project With Schools Program (Chaps), Margaret E. Dorsey, Sandra Hernandez-Salinas, Maria Barrera, Roseann Bacha-Garza

Community Historical Archaeology Project with Schools (CHAPS) Publications

The Norquest family immigrated to their farm site in 1925 as part of a larger wave of Midwestern immigrants to the Lower Rio Grande Valley. At the turn of the twentieth century, the Valley also experienced an influx of Mexican migrants in search of opportunity and work. They joined their Mexican-American counterparts laboring as agricultural workers on the farms of Anglos and Texas-Mexicans. Some of these individuals found their way onto the Norquest farm site. This multidisciplinary report posits a nuanced way of looking at human-land interaction on a farmsite in South Texas, where racial and class conflict existed, but …

2012 Author Recognition Bibliography, Grand Valley State University Libraries

Author Recognition Archives

No abstract provided.

A Case–Control Study Of Occupation/Industry And Renal Cell Carcinoma Risk, Sara Karami, Joanne S. Colt, Kendra Schwartz, Faith G. Davis, Julie J. Ruterbusch, Stella S. Munuo, Sholom Wacholder, Patricia A. Stewart, Barry I. Graubard, Nathanial Rothman, Wong-Ho Chow, Mark P. Purdue

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

The role of occupation in the etiology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is unclear. Here, we investigated associations between employment in specific occupations and industries and RCC, and its most common histologic subtype, clear cell RCC (ccRCC).

Methods

Between 2002 and 2007, a population-based case–control study of Caucasians and African Americans (1,217 cases; 1,235 controls) was conducted within the Detroit and Chicago metropolitan areas to investigate risk factors for RCC. As part of this study, occupational histories were ascertained through in-person interviews. We computed odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) relating occupation and industry to RCC …

Co-Adventurers In Discovery: Collaborative Research Between Undergraduate Students And Faculty, Rajeswari Murugan, Evan Haskell

Mathematics Faculty Articles

There are many opportunities available beyond the classroom for undergraduate students to engage in cutting-edge scholarship. Some of the opportunities include study abroad, internships, and independent study. We strongly suggest that students experience such programs. Independent study courses can serve not only to sharpen the student’s engagement skills with the open-ended questions of current research, but also to enhance his or her own relationship with faculty. In this article we share the experiences of a biology student and a mathematics faculty member coming together as co-adventurers learning from each other about the mechanisms and mathematics involved in cardiac arrhythmia through …

Development Of An Electrospary Ionization Source And Vacuum Interface For Guided Ion Beam Tandem Mass Spectrometry Experiments: Structural And Energetic Effects In The Molecular Recognition Of Amino Acids By 18-Crown-6, Yu Chen

Wayne State University Dissertations

Absolute 18-crown-6 (18C6) binding affinities of the side chains of AAs in peptides and proteins were determined in a step by step fashion using guided ion beam tandem mass spectrometry techniques. Firstly, 18C6 binding affinities of several peptidomimetic bases (B) that serve as mimics of the side chains of Lys, Arg, and His and n-terminal amino group have been examined to provide initial estimates of the 18C6 binding affinities of the side chains of AAs. The Bs were extended to natural occurring AAs and further extended to acetylated AAs (AcAA) to determine the binding affinities of the side chains of …

A Reflection On Financial Markets, 1 J. Marshall Global Mkt. L.J. 1 (2012), Leo Melamed

John Marshall Global Markets Law Journal

In 1972 the International Monetary Market (the “IMM”) was launched in order to provide the financial world the same ability as the agriculture industry to manage risk. At the time, no one knew if the IMM would succeed, have any merit, or be accepted by other members of the financial world. The IMM’s commencement was before the age of technology—before the onset of computers. Once computers existed, financial engineers had the ability to electronically allocate risk and the world began to acclimate to the idea of computer-generated financial derivatives. This Article stresses that full disclosure and transparency is dire in …

Dolphin-Assisted Therapy: Claims Versus Evidence, Britta L. Fiksdal, Daniel Houlihan, Aaron C. Barnes

Psychology Department Publications

The purpose of this paper is to review and critique studies that have been conducted on dolphin-assisted therapy for children with various disorders. Studies have been released claiming swimming with dolphins is therapeutic and beneficial for children with autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, physical disabilities, and other psychological disorders. The majority of the studies conducted supporting the effectiveness of dolphin-assisted therapy have been found to have major methodological concerns making it impossible to draw valid conclusions. Readers will be informed of the history of, theory behind, and variations of dolphin-assisted therapy along with a review and critique of studies published …

Measurement And Graphing Guided Inquiry Based Unit, Charlotte Louise Mcdermott

Graduate Research Papers

An inquiry-based curriculum unit in measurement and graphing is important, because it is the foundation for many science courses and used in many real-life applications and increases the ability of students to think critically. Linn-Mar High School has two different pathways for science where one starts with Earth Science as the first class and the other with Biology first. Every year, approximately 300 freshmen 5 (60% of all freshmen) take Earth Science as their first high school science class. Our science department at the high school is made up of 12.3 science teachers, and every year we discuss strengths and …

Effects Of Inhaled Corticosteroids On Airway Inflammation In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Rachel Jen, Stephen I. Rennard, Don D. Sin

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic inflammation in the small airways. The effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on lung inflammation in COPD remains uncertain. We sought to determine the effects of ICS on inflammatory indices in bronchial biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with COPD.

METHODS: We searched Medline, Embase, Cinahl, and the Cochrane database for randomized, controlled clinical trials that used bronchial biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage to evaluate the effects of ICS in stable COPD. For each chosen study, we calculated the mean differences in the concentrations of inflammatory cells before and after treatment …

Unlocking The Genome: The Legal Case Against Genetic Diagnostic Patents, Tiana Leia Russell

Marquette Intellectual Property Law Review

New, innovative genetic diagnostic methods are rapidly changing the way diseases are diagnosed, prevented, and treated. While personalized medicine remains it its early stages, its potential to improve patients’ lives cannot be overstated. As advances in biotechnology offer patients the promise of improved healthcare choices, a heated debate has arisen over the propriety of patents on genetic diagnostics, and whether anyone has the right to own the information that is encoded in a person’s genes. This paper outlines recent litigation surrounding genetic and advanced diagnostic patents and examines whether they constitute patentable subject matter under 35 U.S.C. § 101. Part …

Structural Uncertainty: Understanding The Federal Circuit's Lead Compound Analysis, Briana Barron

Marquette Intellectual Property Law Review

Recently, the Federal Circuit and lower courts have applied a new test to assess the question of obviousness for chemical compounds. While courts have always considered the presence of some lead compound to be relevant to the question of obviousness, beginning at the turn of the millennium, the Federal Circuit began assessing obviousness in a more formulaic fashion, applying what is commonly referred to as the lead compound analysis to determine if a litigant has established a prima facie case of obviousness. This Paper describes the development of the lead compound analysis, and its application. This Paper then discusses some …