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Articles 48721 - 48750 of 49132
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Fourth Amendment - The Burden Of Proof For Exigent Circumstances In A Warrantless Search Civil Action, Adrienne Lewis
The Fourth Amendment - The Burden Of Proof For Exigent Circumstances In A Warrantless Search Civil Action, Adrienne Lewis
SMU Law Review
No abstract provided.
Preface, Justin Wheeler, Ben Nicholson
Illegal Emigration: The Continuing Life Of Invalid Deportation Orders, Richard Frankel
Illegal Emigration: The Continuing Life Of Invalid Deportation Orders, Richard Frankel
SMU Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Rejection Of The Separate Entity Rule Validates The Separate Entity Rule, Geoffrey Sant
The Rejection Of The Separate Entity Rule Validates The Separate Entity Rule, Geoffrey Sant
SMU Law Review
No abstract provided.
Tackling Gravity Wave Confusion Noise With Template Optimizers, A. S. Stroeer, Matthew Benacquista
Tackling Gravity Wave Confusion Noise With Template Optimizers, A. S. Stroeer, Matthew Benacquista
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
The Mock LISA Data Challenge 4.0 simulated the joint two-year recording of gravitational wave signals from mergers of spinning black holes, extreme mass ratio inspirals, Galactic white dwarf binaries, bursts from cosmic strings, and a stochastic background—all over LISA instrument noise. We analysed this data using a global multi-start box and bound optimization scheme, incorporating multi-dimensional Nelder Mead simplex 2 optimization. Our scheme identified 2658 binaries. Of these, 2246 were found to systematically decompose the power in a strong spinning black hole merger into a "white dwarf binary transform". The remaining 416 binaries were identified with a false alarm rate …
Controlling Calibration Errors In Gravitational-Wave Detectors By Precise Location Of Calibration Forces, Hernan P. Daveloza, M Afrin Badhan, Mario C. Diaz, K. Kawabe, P. N. Konverski, M. Landry, R. L. Savage
Controlling Calibration Errors In Gravitational-Wave Detectors By Precise Location Of Calibration Forces, Hernan P. Daveloza, M Afrin Badhan, Mario C. Diaz, K. Kawabe, P. N. Konverski, M. Landry, R. L. Savage
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We present results of finite element analysis simulations which could lead to more accurate calibration of interferometric gravitational wave detectors. Calibration and actuation forces applied to the interferometer test masses cause elastic deformation, inducing errors in the calibration. These errors increase with actuation frequency, and can be greater than 50% at frequencies above a few kilohertz. We show that they can be reduced significantly by optimizing the position at which the forces are applied. The Advanced LIGO [1] photon calibrators use a two-beam configuration to reduce the impact of local deformations of the test mass surface. The position of the …
The Characterization Of Virgo Data And Its Impact On Gravitational-Wave Searches, J. Aasi, J. Abadie, Matthew Benacquista, G. Cagnoli, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Joseph D. Romano, Cristina V. Torres
The Characterization Of Virgo Data And Its Impact On Gravitational-Wave Searches, J. Aasi, J. Abadie, Matthew Benacquista, G. Cagnoli, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Joseph D. Romano, Cristina V. Torres
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
Between 2007 and 2010 Virgo collected data in coincidence with the LIGO and GEO gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. These data have been searched for GWs emitted by cataclysmic phenomena in the universe, by non-axisymmetric rotating neutron stars or from a stochastic background in the frequency band of the detectors. The sensitivity of GW searches is limited by noise produced by the detector or its environment. It is therefore crucial to characterize the various noise sources in a GW detector. This paper reviews the Virgo detector noise sources, noise propagation, and conversion mechanisms which were identified in the three first Virgo observing …
Exceptional-Point Dynamics In Photonic Honeycomb Lattices With Pt Symmetry, Hamidreza Ramezani, Tsampikos Kottos, Vassilios Kovanis, Demetrios N. Christodoulides
Exceptional-Point Dynamics In Photonic Honeycomb Lattices With Pt Symmetry, Hamidreza Ramezani, Tsampikos Kottos, Vassilios Kovanis, Demetrios N. Christodoulides
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We theoretically investigate the flow of electromagnetic waves in complex honeycomb photonic lattices with local PT symmetries. Such PT structure is introduced via a judicious arrangement of gain and loss across the honeycomb lattice, characterized by a gain and loss parameter γ. We found a class of conical diffraction phenomena where the formed cone is brighter and travels along the lattice with a transverse speed proportional to √γ.
On The Synthesis And Physical Properties Of Iron Doped Sno2 Nanoparticles, X. Wei, R. Georgescu, N. Ali, I. Morjan, T. A. George, F. Dumitrache, R. Birjega, Mircea Chipara
On The Synthesis And Physical Properties Of Iron Doped Sno2 Nanoparticles, X. Wei, R. Georgescu, N. Ali, I. Morjan, T. A. George, F. Dumitrache, R. Birjega, Mircea Chipara
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
The synthesis of iron doped tin oxide by pulsed laser pyrolysis is reported. The as obtained nanoparticles have a dominant SnO2 phase (as revealed by Wide Angle X-ray Scattering), with particles of the order of 10 nm. The doping with iron or iron oxide triggers magnetic properties as confirmed by SQUID experiments. EDX measurements supported the presence of Fe while Wide Angle X-ray Scattering failed to sense any iron or iron-oxide phase. It is concluded that Fe is well dispersed within the tin-oxide nanoparticles. The coercitive field has a complex dependence on the Fe/Sn content suggesting that the magnetization is …
2.1Μm Emission Spectral Properties Of Tm And Ho Doped Transparent Yag Ceramic, G. A. Kumar, Madhab Pokhrel
2.1Μm Emission Spectral Properties Of Tm And Ho Doped Transparent Yag Ceramic, G. A. Kumar, Madhab Pokhrel
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
Highly transparent Tm:Ho:YAG transparent ceramics were prepared using advanced ceramic technology and their spectroscopic properties were studied for infrared laser applications. Following the Judd-Ofelt procedure several spectroscopic properties such as the radiative transition probability (Arad), radiative decay time (τrad) and fluorescence branching ratio (β) are quantitatively obtained from the absorption spectrum. The absorption and emission cross sections corresponding to the 5I7 → 5I8 transition of Ho3+ at 2.1 μm have been evaluated following Mc Cumber theory and found that the obtained emission spectrum very well correlates to the simulated emission spectral data. The optical gain spectrum spread …
Search For Gravitational Waves From Low Mass Compact Binary Coalescence In Ligo’S Sixth Science Run And Virgo’S Science Runs 2 And 3, J. Abadie, B. P. Abbott, Matthew Benacquista, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soumya Mohanty, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Joseph D. Romano, Robert Stone
Search For Gravitational Waves From Low Mass Compact Binary Coalescence In Ligo’S Sixth Science Run And Virgo’S Science Runs 2 And 3, J. Abadie, B. P. Abbott, Matthew Benacquista, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Soumya Mohanty, Soma Mukherjee, Volker Quetschke, Malik Rakhmanov, Joseph D. Romano, Robert Stone
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
We report on a search for gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries using LIGO and Virgo observations between July 7, 2009, and October 20, 2010. We searched for signals from binaries with total mass between 2 and 25M⊙; this includes binary neutron stars, binary black holes, and binaries consisting of a black hole and neutron star. The detectors were sensitive to systems up to 40 Mpc distant for binary neutron stars, and further for higher mass systems. No gravitational-wave signals were detected. We report upper limits on the rate of compact binary coalescence as a function of total mass, including …
Publish And Flourish, Stephen K. Taylor
Publish And Flourish, Stephen K. Taylor
Faculty Publications
At primarily undergraduate institutions (PUIs), teaching is usually the primary responsibility, and many PUI professors do not regularly produce publications, even if they were hired to include research as an important responsibility. Most instructors at these schools are busy enough with just teaching and other academic responsibilities. It can seem intimidating to think of doing research, writing a research proposal, then a publication, and so on. Perhaps the sum of these duties may seem like a daunting set of tasks, and a "fear factor," consciously or subconsciously, may slow or even stop the research initiative. But at PUIs, it is …
Using Self Organizing Maps To Analyze Demographics And Swing State Voting In The 2008 U.S. Presidential Election, Paul T. Pearson, Cameron I. Cooper
Using Self Organizing Maps To Analyze Demographics And Swing State Voting In The 2008 U.S. Presidential Election, Paul T. Pearson, Cameron I. Cooper
Faculty Publications
Emergent self-organizing maps (ESOMs) and k-means clustering are used to cluster counties in each of the states of Florida, Pennsylvania, and Ohio by demographic data from the 2010 United States census. The counties in these clusters are then analyzed for how they voted in the 2008 U.S. Presidential election, and political strategies are discussed that target demographically similar geographical regions based on ESOM results. The ESOM and k-means clusterings are compared and found to be dissimilar by the variation of information distance function.
Toward A Functional Characterization Of The Acidic-Domain Of The Chloroplast Protein Import Receptor Toc159, Joseph K. Weston
Toward A Functional Characterization Of The Acidic-Domain Of The Chloroplast Protein Import Receptor Toc159, Joseph K. Weston
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Chloroplasts are members of a diverse class of organelles called plastids that differentiate plants from other eukaryotes, and are the site of a number of essential biochemical pathways including photosynthesis. Nuclear-encoded pre-proteins, which account for ~95% of chloroplast proteins, are post-translationally imported into plastids across the double envelope membrane. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the majority of pre-proteins are imported via the Toc (translocon at outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts) and Tic (translocon at inner envelope membrane of chloroplasts) complexes, the key components of which have been identified. The Toc159 …
The Chronic Toxicity Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles To The Freshwater Amphipod Hyalella Azteca, Gurkirpal S. Malhi
The Chronic Toxicity Of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles To The Freshwater Amphipod Hyalella Azteca, Gurkirpal S. Malhi
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
There has been an increased use of metal-oxide nanoparticles in both commercial and consumer products. The use of these products and waste generated during manufacture may ultimately be released into the aquatic environment and the potential for these contaminants to cause impacts must be assessed. This study examines the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) on Hyalella azteca. Chronic toxicity exposures were conducted in 400mL of spiked test solution and contained 20 neonates. Samples collected for characterization of Ti in TiO2 NP exposure solutions were digested using ammonium persulfate as an oxidizing agent and dissolved …
Why More Christians Should Believe In Mary's Immaculate Conception, Jack E. Mulder
Why More Christians Should Believe In Mary's Immaculate Conception, Jack E. Mulder
Faculty Publications
In this paper, Jack Mulder, Jr. argues that those who hold 1) the major Christological and Trinitarian tenets of the historic Christian faith and 2) the view that original sin and its psychological consequences are in some way inherited and not learned (which includes a wide swath of leading figures in the historic Christian tradition) have strong reasons for why they should also hold that the Virgin Mary never received original sin (or its psychological consequences).
Examining Associations Between Classroom Environment And Processes And Early Mathematics Performance From Pre-Kindergarten To Kindergarten., Victoria J. Molfese, Todd Brown, Jill L. Adelson, Jennifer Beswick, Jill Jacobi-Vessels, Lana Thomas, Melissa Ferguson, Brittany Culver
Examining Associations Between Classroom Environment And Processes And Early Mathematics Performance From Pre-Kindergarten To Kindergarten., Victoria J. Molfese, Todd Brown, Jill L. Adelson, Jennifer Beswick, Jill Jacobi-Vessels, Lana Thomas, Melissa Ferguson, Brittany Culver
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
One benefit of the No Child Left Behind legislation (2001) has been the increasing attention on the importance of the skills learned in the pre-kindergarten period for later academic achievement. There is a growing awareness that mathematics skills in kindergarten and beyond are influenced by the formal and informal mathematics skills acquired in the pre-kindergarten classroom. In recent years, a body of research has emerged pointing to the contributions to children’s learning from pre-kindergarten program quality as indexed by structure and process elements in the classroom. Results from this study point to three major findings. First, the growth of mathematics …
Thermosensitive Magnetic Nanoparticles For Self-Controlled Hyperthermia Cancer Treatment, Karen S. Martirosyan
Thermosensitive Magnetic Nanoparticles For Self-Controlled Hyperthermia Cancer Treatment, Karen S. Martirosyan
Physics & Astronomy Faculty Publications
Magnetic nanoparticles show remarkable phenomena such as superparamagnetism, high field irreversibility and high saturation magnetization [1]. The study of magnetic nanoparticles has been a very active research field due to many important applications such as drug delivery, imaging and hyperthermia cancer treatment [2]. Hyperthermia has been used for many years to treat a wide variety of tumors in patients and used as well as an adjunct to cancer radiotherapy or chemotherapy [3,4]. Its use is based on the fact that tumor cells are more sensitive to temperature in the range of 42–45°C (which yields necrosis, coagulation, or carbonization) than normal …
Laboratory Methods For The Advancement Of Wastewater Treatment Modeling, Holly E. Gray
Laboratory Methods For The Advancement Of Wastewater Treatment Modeling, Holly E. Gray
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
To achieve the low levels of total phosphorus required in wastewater treatment plant effluent all chemical forms of phosphorus should be removed. The most refractory phosphorus in terms of removal is so-called “organic phosphorus”. This thesis explores potential relationships between dissolved organic matter and organic phosphorus and methods of removing organic phosphorus from waste water. Fluorescence spectroscopy will be used to characterize dissolved organic matter (DOM) in wastewater. The fluorescent DOM will then be monitored throughout the various wastewater treatment plants to investigate any changes throughout the treatment train. Correlations between fluorophore concentrations (concentrations determined for the different classifications of …
Lipid Raft Formation And Peptide-Lipid Interactions In Myelin Model Membranes, Ashtina R. Appadu
Lipid Raft Formation And Peptide-Lipid Interactions In Myelin Model Membranes, Ashtina R. Appadu
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating disease affecting 75,000 Canadians and almost 400,000 Americans, is one of the most prevalent diseases in young adults. Unfortunately, there exist no known cures to date and the pathways involved in the progression of the disease remain relatively obscure. The demyelination process triggered by the onset of MS, affects the lipid composition of the myelin membrane and causes a loss in viable myelin which can in turn greatly impact the proper functioning of the central nervous system (CNS). The cholesterol content of myelin fluctuates during MS and consequently this could affect the fluidity as well …
Density Functional Theory Calculations On Hydrated Dimethylarsinic Acid And Iron Oxide Clusters, Adrian Adamescu
Density Functional Theory Calculations On Hydrated Dimethylarsinic Acid And Iron Oxide Clusters, Adrian Adamescu
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
Dimethylarsinic Acid (DMA) or (CH3)2AsO2H is an important organoarsenical compound detected in arsenic speciation studies of environmental samples and synthesized during pyrolysis of oil shale. DMA was used historically as a herbicide on large agricultural fields and can be detected in the leachates of landfills rich in waste containing arsenic such as glass, alloys, and semiconductors, as well as biologically pre-treated municipal solid waste. Under certain soil conditions DMA can become bio-available and has the potential to be recycled to more toxic inorganic forms of arsenic. Bioavailability of DMA is largely controlled by the …
Proteomic Analysis Of The Highly Detergent Resistant Radial Component Of Myelin, Vatsal M. Patel
Proteomic Analysis Of The Highly Detergent Resistant Radial Component Of Myelin, Vatsal M. Patel
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The wrapping of multiple layers of myelin membrane sheets around an axon plays an important role in normal neuronal function. In the central nervous system (CNS), oligodendrocytes are responsible for forming multiple myelin internodes which consist of lipids and proteins. Within these regions, there are various membrane microdomains including the radial component/tight junctions. The radial component is a junctional complex believed to stabilize the myelin membranes in the CNS myelin. In this study, the radial component from bovine and mouse myelin was isolated using differential detergent extraction. A highly detergent resistant fraction, containing previously identified proteins of the radial component …
In Vitro Study Of The Microsporidian Parasite Loma Morhua, Using Cod-Derived Cells And Novel Culture Techniques, Michael J. Macleod
In Vitro Study Of The Microsporidian Parasite Loma Morhua, Using Cod-Derived Cells And Novel Culture Techniques, Michael J. Macleod
Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)
The cod populations of the Canadian Atlantic were once highly productive, generating enormous annual harvests and attracting fishing fleets from many nations. However, through the late 1980s improved fishing technology, unprecedented capture rates, and poor fishery management brought wild stocks beyond the point of collapse. Dwindling harvests in the early 1990s resulted in cod fishing moratoriums, and an end to the productivity for which the fishery was once renowned. Atlantic cod remains a popular food worldwide and the collapse of cod fisheries has done little to abate market demands. Consequently, the cod is considered a prime candidate for aquaculture production, …
The Role Of A Generalized Ultraviolet Cue For Blackbird Food Selection, Scott J. Werner, Shelagh K. Tupper, James C. Carlson, Susan E. Pettit, Jeremy W. Ellis, George M. Linz
The Role Of A Generalized Ultraviolet Cue For Blackbird Food Selection, Scott J. Werner, Shelagh K. Tupper, James C. Carlson, Susan E. Pettit, Jeremy W. Ellis, George M. Linz
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Birds utilize ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths for plumage signaling and sexual selection. Ultraviolet cues may also be used for the process of avian food selection. The aim of our study was to investigate whether a UV cue and a postingestive repellent can be used to condition food avoidance in red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus). We found that birds conditioned with an UV-absorbent, postingestive repellent subsequently avoided UV-absorbent food. Thus, the UV-absorbent cue (coupled with 0–20% of the conditioned repellent concentration) was used to maintain avoidance for up to 18 days post-conditioning. Similarly, birds conditioned with the UV-absorbent, postingestive repellent subsequently …
Exploiting Antipredator Behavior In White-Tailed Deer For Resource Protection, Bradley F. Blackwell, Thomas W. Seamans, Laura A. Tyson, Jerrold L. Belant, Kurt C. Vercauteren
Exploiting Antipredator Behavior In White-Tailed Deer For Resource Protection, Bradley F. Blackwell, Thomas W. Seamans, Laura A. Tyson, Jerrold L. Belant, Kurt C. Vercauteren
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Effects of visual obstruction on white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) include enhanced vigilance and flight-initiation distances. Prior work suggests that artificial visual barriers might enhance perceived risk of predation to deer. During 2008–2010 at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Plum Brook Station (Erie County, OH), we tested the hypotheses that visual obstruction of winter feeding stations would result in fewer white-tailed deer visiting treatment stations and increased vigilance exhibited relative to deer using control stations. When feeding stations were bounded on 3 sides by a 22.5-m-long, 1.5-m-high, continuous, polyethylene visual barrier (including a 5-m opening on the fourth …
Movement And Habitat Use Of Feral Swine Near Domestic Swine Facilities, A. Christy Wyckoff, Scott E. Henke, Tyler A. Campbell, David G. Hewitt, Kurt C. Vercauteren
Movement And Habitat Use Of Feral Swine Near Domestic Swine Facilities, A. Christy Wyckoff, Scott E. Henke, Tyler A. Campbell, David G. Hewitt, Kurt C. Vercauteren
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Feral swine (Sus scrofa), a successful invasive species in the United States, have established growing populations in 38 states and are a reservoir of diseases important to domestic swine. An understanding of habitat use and movements is important for the prevention of disease transmission between feral and domestic swine. To assess risk posed to neighboring domestic swine facilities in East and South Texas, we determined habitat use and movement patterns of feral swine within 10 miles of domestic swine facilities, identified similarities in habitat preferences and vegetation types directly surrounding facilities, assessed effects of wet and dry conditions …
A Comparison Of Methods For Estimating Raccoon Abundance: Implications For Disease Vaccination Programs, James C. Beasley, William S. Beatty, Todd C. Atwood, Shylo R. Johnson, Olin E. Rhodes Jr.
A Comparison Of Methods For Estimating Raccoon Abundance: Implications For Disease Vaccination Programs, James C. Beasley, William S. Beatty, Todd C. Atwood, Shylo R. Johnson, Olin E. Rhodes Jr.
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Accurate estimates of demographic parameters are critical to the management of wildlife populations, including management programs focused on controlling the spread of zoonotic diseases. Rabies managers in the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) have applied a simple raccoon (Procyon lotor) abundance index (RAI) based on cumulative catch of unique raccoons per unit area to determine vaccine-bait distribution densities. This approach was designed to allow for both the collection of biological samples and to index raccoon abundance to determine bait densities for oral rabies programs. However, postbaiting surveillance data indicate that, on average, only 30% of raccoons sampled …
A Novel Isoflurane Anesthesia Induction System For Raccoons, Kevin T. Bentler, Daniel N. Gossett, J. Jeffrey Root
A Novel Isoflurane Anesthesia Induction System For Raccoons, Kevin T. Bentler, Daniel N. Gossett, J. Jeffrey Root
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
We developed a novel small-volume (24-L) conical-shaped isoflurane anesthesia induction chamber for use in a den chamber and tested it along with 3 conventional stand-alone induction chambers (2 clear acrylic plastic chambers and a cylindrical-shaped chamber) to determine utility for daily short-duration manipulations of captive raccoons (Procyon lotor). Although the conventional chambers were valuable, the majority of inductions were performed using the cone chamber in a pen setting. With the novel device, we were able to minimize the need for pre-anesthetic handling of animals and eliminate the need for injectable anesthesia agents. As a result, side effects normally …
Influence Of Forest Structure On The Abundance Of Snowshoe Hares In Western Wyoming, Nathan D. Berg, Eric M. Gese, John Squires, Lise M. Aubry
Influence Of Forest Structure On The Abundance Of Snowshoe Hares In Western Wyoming, Nathan D. Berg, Eric M. Gese, John Squires, Lise M. Aubry
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) are a primary prey species for Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) in western North America. Lynx management plans require knowledge of potential prey distribution and abundance in the western United States. Whether even-aged regenerating forests or multi-storied forests contain more snowshoe hares is currently unknown. During 2006–2008, we estimated snowshoe hare density in 3 classes of 30–70-year-old lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) and 4 classes of late seral multi-storied forest with a spruce (Picea engelmannii)-fir (Abies lasiocarpa) component in the Bridger-Teton National Forest, Wyoming. We recorded physiographic variables …
Mucosal Adjuvants To Improve Wildlife Rabies Vaccination, Tricia Fry, Kaci K. Vandalen, Jerome Hurley, Paul Nash
Mucosal Adjuvants To Improve Wildlife Rabies Vaccination, Tricia Fry, Kaci K. Vandalen, Jerome Hurley, Paul Nash
United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications
RABORAL V-RGH®a is a recombinant vaccine used in oral rabies vaccination (ORV) programs for wildlife in the United States. Vaccination rates for raccoons are substantially lower than vaccination rates for gray foxes and coyotes. Research suggests that the low viscosity of the oral vaccine may preclude animals from receiving an effective dose when biting into the vaccine bait delivery system. We evaluated the possibility of using two benign compounds, chitosan and N,N,Ntrimethylated chitosan (TMC), to increase the viscosity of the vaccine and potentially act as adjuvants to improve the immune response in raccoons (Procyon lotor). Forty mildly …