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2012

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Using Cctv Footage As A Communication Training And Safety Resource, Carole Teague, Lelia Green Jan 2012

Using Cctv Footage As A Communication Training And Safety Resource, Carole Teague, Lelia Green

Research outputs 2012

This paper is based in the experience of an in-depth industrial ethnography with an Australian public transport organisation. The ethnographer began by undertaking the 12‐week transit officer training program and moved into a behind‐the‐scenes role watching CCTV footage of their duties and activities for a further 4 weeks before the organisation allowed her to go ‘on the tracks’. Once full participation alongside the transit officer workforce had been agreed, the ethnographer spent four months rostered into a late night work schedule alongside her research participants. This in‐the‐role experience was augmented by 41 in-depth semi‐structured interviews. It was followed up with …

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Singapore, Diversification Theory And The Global Financial Crisis (Gfc), Ian Austin Jan 2012

Singapore, Diversification Theory And The Global Financial Crisis (Gfc), Ian Austin

Research outputs 2012

Since independence in 1965, Singapore has grown rich by opening its borders and encouraging Multi-National Enterprises (MNEs) to call the small city state home. However, the Asian financial crisis (1997-08), which saw Singapore experience its first significant economic downturn in decades, led to a change in direction with economic public policy being directed towards achieving strategic diversification of the national economy. This paper will examine how the 2007-09 Global finance crisis (GFC) exposed Singapore’s uber form of economic diversification - financial sector internationalisation, multinational enterprise (MNE) strategic engagement, biotechnology and medical research and so on - as being incapable of …

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Web 2.0 Technologies In Remote Community Schools In Western Australia, Philip Bradbury, Mark Mcmahon Jan 2012

Web 2.0 Technologies In Remote Community Schools In Western Australia, Philip Bradbury, Mark Mcmahon

Research outputs 2012

Web 2.0 Technologies are increasing in their use, particularly as tools for social networking. Their uptake has been pioneered by Generation Y, also known as the ‘Net’ Generation, or ‘Digital Natives’ as tools to enhance online collaboration and communication but the extent to which educators embracing such technologies to enhance teaching and learning is less evident. The purpose of this paper is to report on the research findings of a survey undertaken by teachers in remote community schools in Western Australia focussing upon their use of Web 2.0 technologies in their teaching and learning programs. The results present a number …

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Adapting John Cage's Radio Music For A Digital Score Player, Lindsay Vickery Jan 2012

Adapting John Cage's Radio Music For A Digital Score Player, Lindsay Vickery

Research outputs 2012

This paper discusses the creation of a digital score reader and installation version of John Cage’s Radio Music. The context surrounding the work’s composition is explored as well as the changing context of the work in light of the evolution of radio broadcasting since the 1950s. The score for the work is explored in detail particularly in regard to the issues its determinate and indeterminate aspects, and their implications upon the performance of the work. The concept of “available indeterminacy” is introduced to describe the real-world limitations that exist as a result of Cage’s specifications for the work. The presence …

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Press Any Key: Repositioning Digital Literacy As An Enabler For Self-Regulated Learning, Joo Jung, Mark Mcmahon Jan 2012

Press Any Key: Repositioning Digital Literacy As An Enabler For Self-Regulated Learning, Joo Jung, Mark Mcmahon

Research outputs 2012

Millennial students are often seen as digital experts. This generalisation implicitly assumes that millennial students are equipped with necessary digital literacy skills to undertake their university learning such as searching curriculum-based information. But are they? And what is digital literacy and how can it be embed in teaching and learning? This paper examines the key characteristics of a contemporary view and multiplicity of digital literacy. An implementation of digital literacies in a first year undergraduate unit is described.

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Learning In Transformational Computer Games: Exploring Design Principles For A Nanotechnology Game, Martin Masek, Karen Murcia, Jason Morrison, Christopher Newhouse, Mark Hackling Jan 2012

Learning In Transformational Computer Games: Exploring Design Principles For A Nanotechnology Game, Martin Masek, Karen Murcia, Jason Morrison, Christopher Newhouse, Mark Hackling

Research outputs 2012

Transformational games are digital computer and video applications purposefully designed to create engaging and immersive learning environments for delivering specified learning goals, outcomes and experiences. The virtual world of a transformational game becomes the social environment within which learning occurs as an outcome of the complex interaction of persons and digital resources. Engaging individuals with learning in these societal situations means concepts and skills are connected to the context and remain a powerful tool for decision making and problem solving in the world. Yet, a range of barriers need to be overcome to make a game effective for its educational …

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Real-Time Evolutionary Learning Of Cooperative Predator-Prey Strategies, Mark Wittkamp, Luigi Barone, Philip Hingston, Lyndon While Jan 2012

Real-Time Evolutionary Learning Of Cooperative Predator-Prey Strategies, Mark Wittkamp, Luigi Barone, Philip Hingston, Lyndon While

Research outputs 2012

Despite games often being used as a testbed for new computational intelligence techniques, the majority of artificial intelligence in commercial games is scripted. This means that the computer agents are non-adaptive and often inherently exploitable because of it. In this paper, we describe a learning system designed for team strategy development in a real time multi-agent domain. We test our system in a prey and predators domain, evolving adaptive team strategies for the predators in real time against a single prey opponent. Our learning system works by continually training and updating the predator strategies, one at a time for a …

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Go Online And Have A Chat With Your Colleagues: A New Image Of Teacher Professional Learning In Indonesia, Eunice Sari, Jeremy Pagram, Christopher Newhouse Jan 2012

Go Online And Have A Chat With Your Colleagues: A New Image Of Teacher Professional Learning In Indonesia, Eunice Sari, Jeremy Pagram, Christopher Newhouse

Research outputs 2012

This paper describes the design and implementation of an online learning community-based Teacher Professional Development (TPD) model to support ongoing teachers’ professional learning in Indonesia. Teaching can be a very isolating career, frustrating, especially for those who work in rural and remote areas and can receive little support from other colleagues. Research shows that ICT displays a lot of potential to support teachers’ ongoing professional learning process. However, ICT itself is not the only answer to tackle this challenge. The key is the process of facilitating of online social learning. This paper presents the results of research, which undertook a …

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Cross-Cultural Probing: An Examination Of University Student Ict Ownership And Use Of E-Learning Materials In Thai And Australian Contexts, Jeremy Pagram, Martin Cooper Jan 2012

Cross-Cultural Probing: An Examination Of University Student Ict Ownership And Use Of E-Learning Materials In Thai And Australian Contexts, Jeremy Pagram, Martin Cooper

Research outputs 2012

This paper reports on the second phase of an ongoing project being carried out at Edith Cowan University (ECU) in Western Australia examining ECU Education students’ ownership and use of information and communication technologies (ICT). It is critical that modern universities understand their students’ ICT capabilities in terms of hardware ownership, software facility, and preferences in order that online course and content delivery may be tailored to deliver effective, usable and engaging learning resources (Smith & Caruso, 2010). In addition, with universities placing greater focus upon attracting students from beyond the borders of any one country though e‐learning, it is …

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An Examination Of The Effects Of Exchange Rates On Australia's Inbound Tourism Growth: A Multivariate Conditional Volatility Approach, Ghialy Choy Lee Yap Jan 2012

An Examination Of The Effects Of Exchange Rates On Australia's Inbound Tourism Growth: A Multivariate Conditional Volatility Approach, Ghialy Choy Lee Yap

Research outputs 2012

The appreciation of the Australian dollar has been a concern as Australia has become less competitive compared to neighbouring countries. This paper investigates to what extent exchange rates could adversely affect Australia's inbound tourism and whether volatility in exchange rates could increase the uncertainty in international tourist arrivals to Australia. The study is based on nine countries of origin, namely China, India, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea, the UK and the USA for the period January 1991 to January 2011. It uses multivariate conditional volatility regressions to model the time-varying conditional variances of international tourism growth and exchange …

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Remembering Rhetoric: Recalling A Tradition Of Explicit Instruction In Writing, Brian Moon Jan 2012

Remembering Rhetoric: Recalling A Tradition Of Explicit Instruction In Writing, Brian Moon

Research outputs 2012

Modern secondary courses in English differ from classical tradition in their tendency to avoid direct instruction in the content and style of writing. Such avoidance is partly a function of anxieties about the role of English in students' personal development and a fear of limiting their self expression. Neither of the dominant writing pedagogies from the last 50 years wholly escapes this problem. A historical consideration of the issue suggests that fears surrounding explicit instruction arise from a range of misperceptions about writing and English. Modern writing pedagogy may therefore be improved by an acquaintance with traditions of explicit instruction, …

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Direct Instruction And Music Literacy: One Approach To Augmenting The Diminishing?, Geoffrey Lowe, Steven Belcher Jan 2012

Direct Instruction And Music Literacy: One Approach To Augmenting The Diminishing?, Geoffrey Lowe, Steven Belcher

Research outputs 2012

One of the many challenges facing music educators is diminishing class time in lower secondary school in the face of the increasingly crowded curriculum and the advent of arts 'taster' courses. However, music educators are still expected to be able to produce musically literate students capable of completing high level music courses in upper secondary school. This article reports on an intervention study which set out to accelerate music literacy acquisition among Year 7 students through use of a Direct Instruction (DI) teaching approach. Although controversial, Direct Instruction was chosen because its advocates claim its effectiveness and time efficiency in …

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An Australian Perspective On The Challenges For Computer And Network Security For Novice End-Users, Patryk Szewczyk Jan 2012

An Australian Perspective On The Challenges For Computer And Network Security For Novice End-Users, Patryk Szewczyk

Research outputs 2012

A good portion of today's investigations include, at least in part, an examination of the user's web history. Although it has lost ground over the past several years, Microsoft's Internet Explorer still accounts for a large portion of the web browser market share. Most users are now aware that Internet Explorer will save browsing history, user names, passwords and form history. Consequently some users seek to eliminate these artifacts, leaving behind less evidence for examiners to discover during investigations. However, most users, and probably a good portion of examiners are unaware Automatic Crash Recovery can leave a gold mine of …

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Writing, Remembering And Embodiment: Australian Literary Responses To The First World War, Ffion Murphy, Richard Nile Jan 2012

Writing, Remembering And Embodiment: Australian Literary Responses To The First World War, Ffion Murphy, Richard Nile

Research outputs 2012

This paper is part of a larger project exploring Australian literary responses to the Great War of 1914-1918. It draws on theories of embodiment, mourning, ritual and the recuperative potential of writing, together with a brief discussion of selected exemplars, to suggest that literary works of the period contain and lay bare a suite of creative, corporeal and social impulses, including resurrection, placation or stilling of ghosts, and formation of an empathic and duty-bound community.

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Developing A Taste For Coffee: Bangladesh, Nescafe, And Australian Student Photographers', Duncan Barnes, Danielle Fusco, Lelia Green Jan 2012

Developing A Taste For Coffee: Bangladesh, Nescafe, And Australian Student Photographers', Duncan Barnes, Danielle Fusco, Lelia Green

Research outputs 2012

Not available

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The Lady In The Carriage: Trauma, Embodiment, And The Drive For Resolution, Josephine Taylor Jan 2012

The Lady In The Carriage: Trauma, Embodiment, And The Drive For Resolution, Josephine Taylor

Research outputs 2012

Not available

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Indigenous Voice Closing The Gap And Putting Communication For Social Change Into Practice, Trevor Cullen, Michael Williams, Heather Stewart, Michelle Johnston, Gail Phillips, Pauline Mulligan, Leo Bowman, Michael Meadows Jan 2012

Indigenous Voice Closing The Gap And Putting Communication For Social Change Into Practice, Trevor Cullen, Michael Williams, Heather Stewart, Michelle Johnston, Gail Phillips, Pauline Mulligan, Leo Bowman, Michael Meadows

Research outputs 2012

Australian journalism schools are full of students who have never met an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander and who do not know their history. Journalism educators are illequipped to redress this imbalance as the large majority are themselves non-Indigenous and many have had little or no experience with the coverage of Indigenous issues. Such a situation calls for educational approaches that can overcome these disadvantages and empower journalism graduates to move beyond the stereotypes that characterise the representation of Indigenous people in the mainstream media. This paper will explore three different courses in three Australian Tertiary Journalism Education Institutions who …

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Fuzzy-Based Adaptive Pricing Rules For A Typical Microgrid Energy Management System, Thair Mahmoud, Daryoush Habibi, Octavian Bass Jan 2012

Fuzzy-Based Adaptive Pricing Rules For A Typical Microgrid Energy Management System, Thair Mahmoud, Daryoush Habibi, Octavian Bass

Research outputs 2012

This paper details the implementation of adaptive pricing rules for a typical autonomous microgrid. The proposed rules aim at generating competitive prices based on monitoring the microgrid's operation conditions, thus maximising the profit from selling electricity to the utility grid throughout the microgrid's lifetime. A decision tree based linear programming and fuzzy system are developed to generate the proposed rules. Microgrid's operation conditions such as electricity demand, generation price and amount of generation are considered in the generated pricing rules. To simulate the behaviour of electronic competition, we have implemented a Multi-Agent System (MAS) to represent the performance of two …

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Assessing The Accessibility Of E-Learning, Morten Goodwin, Iain Sutherland, Frode Roarson, Tom Drange Jan 2012

Assessing The Accessibility Of E-Learning, Morten Goodwin, Iain Sutherland, Frode Roarson, Tom Drange

Research outputs 2012

Equal participation for people with special needs is an important objective in education politics. Governments have a strong emphasis on enabling education for all citizens. The trend of using e-learning both for on campus and remote delivery of students has the potential of enabling new opportunities for people who previously faced challenges following education. On the other hand, providing online education bears the risk of creating new barriers. This paper examines different stages of providing educational content and delivering teaching material online. This is based on practical experiences from Noroff University College providing a bachelor degree in a security related …

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Exploration Games Played On A Ddr Pad Can Constitute Beneficial Physical Exercise, Kimthy Nguyen, Bohan Li, Martin Masek, Yuwanuch Gulatee Jan 2012

Exploration Games Played On A Ddr Pad Can Constitute Beneficial Physical Exercise, Kimthy Nguyen, Bohan Li, Martin Masek, Yuwanuch Gulatee

Research outputs 2012

The addition of an exercise component to computer games is a method that attempts to increase exercise compliance among the population. Various attempts at such games have been made, both commercially and as research projects, but the set of studied game mechanics that are both entertaining and provide beneficial exercise are relatively small. In our work, a game mechanic was designed for a floor-based input controller (DDR Pad). Rather than the standard mechanic usually employed for this device, our approach allows the player to explore a virtual world, requiring exertive movements on the input device in order to progress. The …

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Improving Mobile Color 2d-Barcode Jpeg Image Readability Using Dct Coefficient Distributions, Keng Tiong (Alf) Tan, Douglas Chai Jan 2012

Improving Mobile Color 2d-Barcode Jpeg Image Readability Using Dct Coefficient Distributions, Keng Tiong (Alf) Tan, Douglas Chai

Research outputs 2012

Two dimensional (2D) barcodes are becoming a pervasive interface for mobile devices, such as camera smartphones. Often, only monochrome 2D-barcodes are used due to their robustness in an uncontrolled operating environment of smartphones. Nonetheless, we are seeing an emerging use of color 2D-barcodes for camera smartphones. Most smartphones capture and store such 2D-barcode images in the baseline JPEG format. As a lossy compression technique, JPEG does introduce a fair amount of error in the captured 2D-barcode images. In this paper, we analyzed the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficient distributions of generalized 2D-barcodes using colored data cells, each comprising of 4, …

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Enhanced Uv-Blue Response Of Back Illuminated Deep Double Junction Cmos Compatible Photodiode Pixels; A Simulation Study Of High Resolution Pixel Arrays, Paul Jansz, Steven Hinckley Jan 2012

Enhanced Uv-Blue Response Of Back Illuminated Deep Double Junction Cmos Compatible Photodiode Pixels; A Simulation Study Of High Resolution Pixel Arrays, Paul Jansz, Steven Hinckley

Research outputs 2012

Simulated backwall U/V blue illuminated double junction photodiode (DJPD) pixels demonstrate excellent crosstalk and sensitivity when substrate, guard and image wells were doped more highly and biased minimally. This configuration minimized each guard and image well depletion region (SCR) width, so that the image SCR could be presented as close as possible to the back wall without the guard and image SCRs overlapping between and within pixels.

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New Class Of Garnet Nanocomposites For Use In Magnetic Photonic Crystals Prepared By Rf Magnetron Co-Sputtering, Mohammad Nur E Alam, Mikhail Vasiliev, Kamal Alameh Jan 2012

New Class Of Garnet Nanocomposites For Use In Magnetic Photonic Crystals Prepared By Rf Magnetron Co-Sputtering, Mohammad Nur E Alam, Mikhail Vasiliev, Kamal Alameh

Research outputs 2012

A new class of magneto-optic garnet nanocomposite materials is prepared using two Bi-substituted iron garnet materials of composition types (Bi,Dy) 3(Fe,Ga)5O12 and Bi3Fe 5O12. A composition adjustment approach is applied by varying the radio frequency (RF) powers driving each sputtering target during the deposition process. This new class of nanocomposite materials exhibits simultaneously high specific Faraday rotation, MO figure of merit, and effective uniaxial magnetic anisotropy after being crystallized through optimized annealing processes. We demonstrate experimentally that the excellent combination of materials' properties obtained in this garnet nanocomposite is particularly advantageous for developing magneto-photonic crystals as well as optical sensors …

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Noise Tolerance For Real-Time Evolutionary Learning Of Cooperative Predator-Prey Strategies, Mark Wittkamp, Luigi Barone, Philip Hingston, Lyndon While Jan 2012

Noise Tolerance For Real-Time Evolutionary Learning Of Cooperative Predator-Prey Strategies, Mark Wittkamp, Luigi Barone, Philip Hingston, Lyndon While

Research outputs 2012

Learning team-based strategies in real-time is a difficult task, much more so in the presence of noise. In our previous work in the Prey and Predators domain we introduced an algorithm capable of evolving cooperative team strategies in real-time using fitness evaluations against a perfect opponent model. This paper continues our work within the same domain, training a team of predators to capture a prey. We investigate the effect of varying degrees of opponent model noise in our learning system. In the presence of and in the effort to mitigate the effects of such noise we present modifications to our …

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Using Monte Carlo Tree Search For Replanning In A Multistage Simultaneous Game, Daniel Beard, Philip Hingston, Martin Masek Jan 2012

Using Monte Carlo Tree Search For Replanning In A Multistage Simultaneous Game, Daniel Beard, Philip Hingston, Martin Masek

Research outputs 2012

In this study, we introduce MC-TSAR, a Monte Carlo Tree Search algorithm for strategy selection in simultaneous multistage games. We evaluate the algorithm using a battle planning scenario in which replanning is possible. We show that the algorithm can be used to select a strategy that approximates a Nash equilibrium strategy, taking into account the possibility of switching strategies part way through the execution of the scenario in the light of new information on the progress of the battle.

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Comparative Genomics Of Brachyspira Pilosicoli Strains: Genome Rearrangements, Reductions And Correlation Of Genetic Compliment With Phenotypic Diversity, Luke Mappley, Michael Black, Manal Abuoun, Alistair C. Darby, Martin J. Woodward, Julian Parkhill, A. Keith Turner, Matthew I. Bellgard, Tom La, Nyree D. Phillips, Roberto M. La Ragione, David J. Hampson Jan 2012

Comparative Genomics Of Brachyspira Pilosicoli Strains: Genome Rearrangements, Reductions And Correlation Of Genetic Compliment With Phenotypic Diversity, Luke Mappley, Michael Black, Manal Abuoun, Alistair C. Darby, Martin J. Woodward, Julian Parkhill, A. Keith Turner, Matthew I. Bellgard, Tom La, Nyree D. Phillips, Roberto M. La Ragione, David J. Hampson

Research outputs 2012

Background: The anaerobic spirochaete Brachyspira pilosicoli causes enteric disease in avian, porcine and human hosts, amongst others. To date, the only available genome sequence of B. pilosicoli is that of strain 95/1000, a porcine isolate. In the first intra-species genome comparison within the Brachyspira genus, we report the whole genome sequence of B. pilosicoli B2904, an avian isolate, the incomplete genome sequence of B. pilosicoli WesB, a human isolate, and the comparisons with B. pilosicoli 95/1000. We also draw on incomplete genome sequences from three other Brachyspira species. Finally we report the first application of the high-throughput Biolog phenotype screening …

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Multiple Γ-Secretase Product Peptides Are Coordinately Increased In Concentration In The Cerebrospinal Fluid Of A Subpopulation Of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease Subjects, Saori Hata, Miyako Taniguchi, Yi Piao, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Anne Fagan, David Holtzman, Randall Bateman, Hamid Sohrabi, Ralph Martins, Sam Gandy, Katsuya Urakami, Toshiharu Suzuki Jan 2012

Multiple Γ-Secretase Product Peptides Are Coordinately Increased In Concentration In The Cerebrospinal Fluid Of A Subpopulation Of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease Subjects, Saori Hata, Miyako Taniguchi, Yi Piao, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Anne Fagan, David Holtzman, Randall Bateman, Hamid Sohrabi, Ralph Martins, Sam Gandy, Katsuya Urakami, Toshiharu Suzuki

Research outputs 2012

Background: Alcadeinα (Alcα) is a neuronal membrane protein that colocalizes with the Alzheimer's amyloid-β precursor protein (APP). Successive cleavage of APP by β- and γ-secretases generates the aggregatable amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), while cleavage of APP or Alcα by α- and γ-secretases generates non-aggregatable p3 or p3-Alcα peptides. Aβ and p3-Alcα can be recovered from human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We have previously reported alternative processing of APP and Alcα in the CSF of some patients with sporadic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD (SAD). Results: Using the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system that detects total p3-Alcα, we determined levels of …

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A Randomised Trial Of Robotic And Open Prostatectomy In Men With Localised Prostate Cancer, Robert Gardiner, J Yaxley, G Coughlin, N Dunglison, S Occhipinti, S Younie, R Carter, S Williams, R J Medcraft, Bennett Nigel, M F Lavin, Suzanne Chambers Jan 2012

A Randomised Trial Of Robotic And Open Prostatectomy In Men With Localised Prostate Cancer, Robert Gardiner, J Yaxley, G Coughlin, N Dunglison, S Occhipinti, S Younie, R Carter, S Williams, R J Medcraft, Bennett Nigel, M F Lavin, Suzanne Chambers

Research outputs 2012

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common male cancer in the Western world however there is ongoing debate about the optimal treatment strategy for localised disease. While surgery remains the most commonly received treatment for localised disease in Australia more recently a robotic approach has emerged as an alternative to open and laparoscopic surgery. However, high level data is not yet available to support this as a superior approach or to guide treatment decision making between the alternatives. This paper presents the design of a randomised trial of Robotic and Open Prostatectomy for men newly diagnosed with localised prostate cancer …

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Cca3101/4101 Environmental Humanities: The History Of A Unit Through An Ecopedagogical Lens, John Ryan Jan 2012

Cca3101/4101 Environmental Humanities: The History Of A Unit Through An Ecopedagogical Lens, John Ryan

Research outputs 2012

In 2011 the author taught, for the first time, the well-established unit CCA3101/4101 Environmental Humanities in the School of Communications and Arts at ECU (Edith Cowan University) in Western Australia. The unit has a 20-year history through associate professor Rod Giblett and parallels the development of the environmental humanities as a field in Australia, advanced since the 1990s by environmental scholars Deborah Bird Rose, Val Plumwood, Libby Robin, and Rod Giblett. The interdisciplinary field represents growing scholarly interest in the ecological aspects of humanities disciplinesincluding literature, visual arts, theology, philosophy, and cultural studies—and the development of humanities-based approaches for addressing …

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Theory, Figures Of Merit, And Design Recipe Of The Plasmonic Structure Composed Of A Nano-Slit Aperture Surrounded By Surface Corrugations, Guangyuan Li, Feng Xiao, Kun Li, Kamal Alameh, Anshi Xu Jan 2012

Theory, Figures Of Merit, And Design Recipe Of The Plasmonic Structure Composed Of A Nano-Slit Aperture Surrounded By Surface Corrugations, Guangyuan Li, Feng Xiao, Kun Li, Kamal Alameh, Anshi Xu

Research outputs 2012

We theoretically investigate a widely-used plasmonic structure composed of a nano-slit aperture surrounded by surface corrugations. A systematical semi-analytical theory in form of two nested coupled-mode models is developed to provide intuitive physical pictures. Based on the theory, figures of merit (FoMs) of the structures designed for normal and for oblique incidence/beaming are defined for the first time to incorporate the interlinks among key structural parameters, making global optimization simple and efficient. Both the theory and the FoMs are quantitatively validated with exhaustive calculations and shown to be highly accurate on performance prediction and structural optimization. With the theory and …

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