Digital Commons Network^™

Intracellular Delivery Of Nanomaterials For Sub-Cellular Imaging And Tracking Of Biomolecules., Krishna Kiran Medepalli

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nanomaterials have many intriguing applications in biology and medicine. Unique properties such as enhanced electrical properties, increased chemical reactivity and resistance to degradation, novel optical properties and comparable size to that of biological systems have led to their use in various biomedical applications. The most important applications of nanomaterials for medicine are in drug delivery and imaging. This research focuses on utilizing the biocompatibility of single walled Carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and optical properties colloidal quantum dots (QDs) for cellular drug delivery and imaging of biomolecules. The first part of this research deals with single walled carbon nanotubes which are excellent …

Emil Theodor Kocher, M.D., And His Nobel Prize (1841-1917)., Zhi Ven Fong, B.S., Ernest L. Rosato, Md, Harish Lavu, Md, Charles J. Yeo, Md, Scott W. Cowan, Md

Department of Surgery Gibbon Society Historical Profiles

Major contributions to the advancement of surgery occurred at the turn of the 20th century. Theodor Billroth was in the midst of revolutionizing abdominal surgery, whereas Louis Pasteur and Joseph Lister were making landmark strides in antisepsis, forever changing the foundations of surgical thinking. Undoubtedly, Theodor Kocher’s (Fig. 1) exposure to these and other giants had a major influence on his career and contributed to his success and ascent as the first, and one of only 10, surgeons ever to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine.

Vitamin D Deficiency And Cultural Influences Among Muslim Women In Southern Illinois, Durar Kassim Shakir

Theses

This study is an analysis of the cultural influences that affect the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among Muslim women from sun-rich countries, who now reside in Southern Illinois. Previous studies examine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among this population, while neglecting to examine the extent of cultural influences which can affect the likelihood of having this disorder. Low serum levels of 25(OH)D can occur when there are low levels of vitamin D intake, and when exposure to sunlight is limited. Muslim women are more prone to vitamin D deficiency due to traditional attire, regardless of migration. Upon surveying …

Uchunguzi (Journal Watch/Montre De Journal) December 2012, Benjamin Wachira

Family Medicine, East Africa

Uchunguzi means investigation in Swahili and provides a summary of some of the most recent international literature as presented in other leading journals, but with an emphasis on what is relevant to our continent.

Checkup, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Checkup

No abstract provided.

Modeling The Influence Of Peromyscus Leucopus Body Mass, Sex, And Habitat On Immature Dermacentor Variabilis Burden, Tad A. Dallas, Stephanie A. Foré, Hyun Joo Kim

Faculty Publications

mmature (larvae and nymph) tick burden on rodents is an important determinant of adult tick population size and understanding infectious disease dynamics. The objective of this research was to build a descriptive model for immature Dermacentor variabilis burden on Peromyscus leucopus. Mice were live-trapped on two permanent grids in an old field and an early successional forest every other month between April and October, 2006-2009. Negative binomial regression was used to examine the association between immature D. variabilis burden and the host related variables of host habitat, body mass, and/or sex. The model containing all three variables had the lowest …

Labrad : Vol 38, Issue 2 - December 2012, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi

LABRAD - Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Radiology Archives

• Automation in Microbiology Specimen Processing and Inoculation
• Use of Automated Urine Analyzer for Urinanalysis
• Automation in Blood Culture
• Vitek 2 System: An Automated System for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
• TB Diagnosis-A New Horizon
• Serological and Molecular Diagnosis of Malaria
• Diagnosis of Leishmaniasis
• Rapid Detection of Dengue NS1 Antigen by ELISA in Suspected Dengue Patients
• Saline Infusion Hysterosonography to Evaluate Abnormal Uterine Bleeding
• Workshop on “Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in Clinical Laboratory”

Recovery From Severe Novel Coronavirus Infection, Ali M. Albarrak, Gwen M. Stephens, Roger Hewson, Ziad A. Memish

Saudi Medical Journal

We describe the third confirmed case of novel coronavirus infection in a resident of the Arabian Peninsula. Our patient presented, as did 2 prior cases, with severe pneumonia and renal dysfunction requiring intensive care support including assisted ventilation. However, unlike the earlier cases, and despite underlying chronic disease and a single kidney, he survived his infection and has been discharged home. The Ministry of Health continues active surveillance for additional cases. As this case report goes to press, 2 additional confirmed cases have been identified in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Contact investigations are in progress. Future work will focus not only …

Effets Du Sida Sur La Côte D'Ivoire Et Stratégies Culturellement Pertinentes Pour En Prévenir La Propagation, Austin Lawry

The Kennesaw Tower Undergraduate Foreign Language Research Journal

Côte D’Ivoire remains a vital case in the fight against AIDS proliferation due to its status as one of the most centralized and influential state in West Africa. This paper analyzes the unique case that Côte D’Ivoire presents socially, economically and politically and how an effective and comprehensive prevention program must incorporate these three dimensions. Particular attention is given to the impact of recent cultural shifts in understanding HIV/AIDS, the Migrant Labor Thesis, the costs of the disease, and the role of war. Finally, through integrating these unique dimensions with the problems reported by existing AIDS prevention programs, several solutions …

Changes In Serum Interleukin-33 Concentration Before And After Treatment With Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2a Plus Ribavirin In Patients With Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 1b Infection., Bruno Cacopardo, Marilia Rita Pinzone, Filippo Palermo, Giuseppe Nunnari

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: IL-33 is a novel member of the IL-1 family, which has been shown to play an important role in T helper 2 (Th2)-associated immune responses. Recent studies have suggested a possible role for IL-33 in the pathogenesis of liver damage during acute and chronic hepatitis; furthermore, IL-33 may be involved in the development and progression of liver fibrosis.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate serum IL-33 levels in a group of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) genotype 1b at enrolment and after a course of pegylated (PEG)-IFN plus ribavirin.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: 60 patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and 65 …

Evidence-Based Policy For Asymptomatic Bacteriuria In The Institutionalized Elderly, Anna Rachel Olson

Doctoral Scholarly Projects & Capstones

The practice of mistaking asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) for urinary tract infections (UTI) is widespread in nursing homes and is contributing to patient overtreatment and adverse side effects such as clostridium difficile and multi-drug resistant microorganisms. The purpose of this DNP capstone project was to (a) write evidence-based policy and procedures (P&Ps) for evaluating institutionalized elders with clinical status changes when UTI was suspected, (b) utilize nursing leadership teams (NLT) in four northern Colorado nursing homes to implement evidence-based practice (EBP), and (c) evaluate implementation methods for their success in changing practice. Bandura’s self-efficacy theory, Plsek’s philosophy of adopting innovation in …

The Clemson Class Of 1939, Lawrence Korth

All Theses

Abstract
The Clemson graduating class of 1939 entered college in 1935, during the Great Depression. By the time they enrolled, even as teenagers, many of them had encountered the economic hardships and family disruption of the times. When they got to Clemson, they discovered a military school with strong discipline and regimentation. Shortly after graduation these same men were engaged in World War ll. These three experiences, - the Depression, military training and World War ll combat - combined to form a bond among these men that has carried forward for over 70 years.
Circumstance played a role in helping …

Situation Analysis Of Somalia’S 2011 Famine, Ahmed Mohamed Askar

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

This CE examined the contributing factors of famine in Somalia and developed a situation analysis of Somalia’s 2011 famine. The situational analysis was developed using health and famine indicators. Data from geographic information system (GIS) was also used to supplement analysis to look for trends and patterns of the famine. I predicted that conflict was the leading factor in Somalia’s 2011 famine. I concluded that conflict exacerbated the famine situation in the south of Somalia but in the north (Somaliland) famine was due to climate and lack of permanent rivers and water sources.

Influence Of Body Mass Index And Antibiotic Dose On The Risk Of Surgical Site Infections In Pediatric Clean Orthopedic Surgery., Jeffrey J Cies, Shannon Chan, Jobayer Hossain, B Randall Brenn, M Cecilia Di Pentima

Department of Anesthesiology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate body mass index (BMI) and antimicrobial dose as risk factors for surgical site infections in pediatric patients.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Children between 2 and 19 years of age undergoing clean orthopedic procedures and receiving at least one dose of perioperative antibiotics (cefazolin, vancomycin, or clindamycin) were studied. The retrospective case-controlled study was conducted at the Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, a 180-bed tertiary-care academic pediatric hospital in Wilmington, DE. Data were collected from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2005.

RESULTS: Underweight children had a higher risk for SSIs than overweight and normal-weight children. American Society …

Insights From Characterizing Extinct Human Gut Microbiomes, Raul Y. Tito, Dan Knights, Jessica Metcalf, Alexandra J. Obregon-Tito, Lauren Cleeland, Fares Najar, Bruce Roe, Karl Reinhard, Kristin Sobolik, Samuel Belknap, Morris Foster, Paul Spicer, Rob Knight, Cecil M. Lewis, Jr.

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

In an effort to better understand the ancestral state of the human distal gut microbiome, we examine feces retrieved from archaeological contexts (coprolites). To accomplish this, we pyrosequenced the 16S rDNA V3 region from duplicate coprolite samples recovered from three archaeological sites, each representing a different depositional environment: Hinds Cave (~8000 years B.P.) in the southern United States, Caserones (1600 years B.P.) in northern Chile, and Rio Zape in northern Mexico (1400 years B.P.). Clustering algorithms grouped samples from the same site. Phyletic representation was more similar within sites than between them. A Bayesian approach to source-tracking was used to …

Mapping Xenophobic Violence In South Africa: Modeling Spatial Relationships Between Group Grievances And Opportunities To Measure The Propensity For Xenophobic Violence, Eric Holder

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Xenophobia can be defined as the hatred or fear of foreigners or strangers or of their politics or culture (Ngwane et al., 2008). This sentiment reached its tipping point in urban areas across the Republic of South Africa in May 2008 when mass, widespread and systematic attacks against African non-nationals took place across the country. Although previous research agrees on who played the various roles during this crisis event (Everatt, 2010), little research has been carried out to create a predictive model to assess where future violence could occur based on a set of conflict indicators. The purpose of this …

The Influence Of Beliefs On People's Perception Of Illness In The Spanish Golden Age, Nicole Cruz

HIM 1990-2015

Medicine is a field of science that is always changing and promoting new ideas and innovations. Throughout history, medicine has been an important factor in the lives of people around the world since the beginning of civilizations. This study focused on the literature of medicine as it relates to the Spanish Golden Age period. By looking at the history and critical studies in medicine during sixteenth and seventeenth century Spain as well as during the pre-colonial period in America, this thesis overviews the effects and influences in regards to health and illness in Spain and the Americas during the Spanish …

Journal Of Food Law & Policy - Fall 2012, Journal Editors

Journal of Food Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Cash, Crops, Chemicals, And Cosmetics: A Mid-Green Eco-Labeling Approach, Michael T. Olexa, R. Benjamin Lingle, Kimberly Stewart, Damian C. Adams

Journal of Food Law & Policy

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) uses grade standards to uniformly characterize the quality and condition of agricultural commodities. The standards are promulgated by the USDA's Agricultural Marketing Services (AMS) division in consultation with farming industry groups. Emphasizing produce attributes such as surface defects, shape, cleanliness, color, maturity, and decay, grade standards improve the marketability of agricultural commodities by establishing a common industry language for use in contracts. Use of such a language enables wholesale buyers to know the quality of commodities without first having to inspect them, thus facilitating trade by lowering transaction costs.

Using Box-Jenkins Modeling Techniques To Forecast Future Disease Burden And Identify Disease Aberrations In Public Health Surveillance Report, Larry C. Garrett

Dissertations

The analysis of public health surveillance data to identify departures from historical patterns of disease is required to facilitate the timely identification of potential outbreaks. Using the Box-Jenkins forecasting model, this study examines the potential to predict future disease burden based upon the historical record within local public health jurisdictions. Box-Jenkins forecasting was developed as a direct result of forecast problems in the business, economic, and control-engineering applications, yet it has not been systematically examined for use with public heath surveillance data.

Box-Jenkins forecast models are constructed by stratifying 84,029 disease reports from the State of Utah by year (n …

Climate Change And The Spread Of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Courtney B. Reed

Social Sciences

No abstract provided.

Structure-Function Analysis Of A Protein Encoded By The Bhv-1 Latency Related Gene, Devis Sinani

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1) is a significant viral pathogen in cattle that induces a myriad of clinical symptoms. These symptoms include: conjunctivitis, upper respiratory tract infections, genital disorders, and abortions. BHV-1 infection can also lead to transient immune-suppression, which predisposes cattle to secondary bacterial infection leading to life-threatening pneumonia referred to as bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Following acute infection, BHV-1 establishes latency in sensory neurons within trigeminal ganglia. Reactivation of the virus can occur periodically, resulting in virus transmission. The latency-related (LR) RNA is the only abundantly expressed transcript in latently infected sensory neurons and it encodes several proteins, …

Intraoral Phaeohyphomycosis, Yeshwant B. Rawal, John R. Kalmar

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Phaeohyphomycosis is an infection caused by pigment-producing saprophytic fungi. Systemic infections may occur in the immunocompromised patient. Infection in healthy individuals may result in subcutaneous abscess formation. Oral lesions appear to be rare. A case of intraoral phaeohyphomycosis presenting as a well-demarcated, painful nodule of the anterior hard palate in a 12-year-old healthy male is described. The mass was excised and the diagnosis was established following histopathologic examination of the tissue.

Timeliness Of Electronic And Traditional Laboratory Reporting In Southern Nevada, 1999-2012, Jennifer Anne Lucas

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This study compares the timeliness of Electronic Laboratory Reporting (ELR) with traditional reporting. ELR has been implemented in parts of the United States, and is perceived to be faster than traditional reporting. Faster reporting leads to faster public health response to prevent outbreaks, and to reduce the burden of infectious disease in communities. Nevada State law requires that diseases be reported within certain time frames. Timeliness of laboratory reporting at the Southern Nevada Health District (SNHD) from 1999-2012 was assessed by analyzing cases of four common diseases in this retrospective secondary analysis of extant data.

The difference in timeliness regarding …

Epipathogenesis Of Caries: Analyses Of Family Structure, Fear, And Fatalism Upon World Health Organization Decayed, Missing, And Filled Teeth Severity In Appalachia West Virginia And Pennsylvania, R. Constance Wiener

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Appalachian has many social, economic, and biologic factors impacting dental health over the life-course.;Purpose: This study examined dental caries experience and family structure, dental fear, and fatalism in West Virginia and Pennsylvania.;Method: Using a cross-sectional study design, 2002-2009 Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia data were analyzed utilizing the World Health Organization definitions for caries experience, dichotomized into low and high. Three groups were studied: 1) children, 11-13 years (N=237); 2) adolescents, 14-17 years (N=191); and 3) adults, 18 years and above (N=1125). For multivariable model development, generalized estimating equations with exchangeable working structures accounted for family clusters.;Results. For …

The Ozark Historical Review, V. 41, 2012 Entire_Issue

The Ozark Historical Review

No abstract provided.

Human Papillomavirus, Vaccines, And Protection From Cervical Cancer, Sadiman K. Altinbas, Omer L. Tapisiz

Saudi Medical Journal

Current published data makes clear the relationship between genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer. Although there is an opportunity for screening programs that could obviate the disease, cervical cancer still remains the second most common cancer among women worldwide. The subtypes HPV 16 and 18 affect the anogenital tract mucosal surfaces, and accounts for nearly 70% of all cervical cancers, and 90% or more of anal cancer cases. When the 493,000 new cases of cervical cancer and 274,000 deaths per year are taken into consideration, the importance of treatment and prophylaxis modalities for HPV can clearly be recognized. …

Tumour Inflammasome-Derived Il-1b Recruits Neutrophils And Improves Local Recurrence-Free Survival In Ebv-Induced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Lih-Chyang Chen, Li-Jie Wang, Nang-Ming Tsang, David M. Ojcius, Chia-Chen Chen, Chun-Nan Ouyang, Chuen Hsueh, Ying Liang, Kai-Ping Chang, Chiu-Chin Chen, Yu-Sun Chang

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Inflammasomes sense infection and cellular damage and are critical for triggering inflammation through IL-1β production. In carcinogenesis, inflammasomes may have contradictory roles through facilitating antitumour immunity and inducing oncogenic factors. Their function in cancer remains poorly characterized. Here we show that the NLRP3, AIM2 and RIG-I inflammasomes are overexpressed in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), and expression levels correlate with patient survival. In tumour cells, AIM2 and RIG-I are required for IL-1β induction by EBV genomic DNA and EBV-encoded small RNAs, respectively, while NLRP3 responds to extracellular ATP and reactive oxygen species. Irradiation and chemotherapy can further activate AIM2 …

Reversible Inhibition Of Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection In Epithelial Cells Due To Stimulation Of P2x4 Receptors, Matthew A. Pettengill, Camila Marques-Da-Silva, Maria Luisa Avila, Verissa W. Lam, Ikechukwu Ollawa, Ali Abdul-Sater, Robson Coutinho-Silva, Georg Hacker, David M. Ojcius, Suellen D'Arc Dos Santos Oliveira

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

Bacterial infections of the mucosal epithelium are a major cause of human disease. The prolonged presence of microbial pathogens stimulates inflammation of the local tissues, which leads to changes in the molecular composition of the extracellular milieu. A well-characterized molecule that is released to the extracellular milieu by stressed or infected cells is extracellular ATP and its ecto-enzymatic degradation products, which function as signaling molecules through ligation of purinergic receptors. There has been little information, however, on the effects of the extracellular metabolites on bacterial growth in inflamed tissues. Millimolar concentrations of ATP have been previously shown to inhibit irreversibly …

A Multicentric, Double-Blind Randomized, Homoeopathic Pathogenetic Trial Of Caesalpinia Bonducella, Rajpal Rajpal, Vinay Singh, V Siddiqui, C Nayak, A Majumdar, P Chandra, J Singh, S Pathak, G Rakshit

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Objective:To elicit the pathogenetic response of Caesalpinia bonducella in homoeopathic potencies on healthy human volunteers. Methodology:The drug Caesalpinia bonducella was proved by the Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy (CCRH) through randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design. The proving was conducted at three centres. The drug was proved in 6 & 30 centesimal potencies on 50 apparently healthy volunteers, declared eligible after their pre-trial medical examinations by the medical specialists and routine laboratory investigations. In first phase of proving, provers were given 56 doses of placebo divided in 04 doses per day for 14 days. In next two phases, 56 doses of …