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Humor-Related Social Exchanges And Mental Health In Assisted Living Residents, Ann Elizabeth Mcqueen

Dissertations and Theses

Social contact is known to be vital for older adults' mental and physical health, but few studies of social interactions have taken place in long-term care settings. The current study investigated whether the psychological well-being of assisted living residents was influenced by factors associated with residents' social interactions involving humor. Specific aims of the present study were to develop and test a measure related to humor-related social exchanges, to examine how humor-related social exchanges affect residents' mental health, and to explore whether humor-related social exchanges mediated the effects of resident and facility characteristics on indices of mental health. One hundred …

Feasible Models Of Universal Health Insurance In Oregon According To Stakeholder Views, Terry Richard Hammond

Dissertations and Theses

This study collects the views of 38 health policy leaders, answering one open-ended question in a 1-hour interview: What state-level reforms do you believe are necessary to implement a feasible model of universal health insurance in Oregon? Interviewees represented seven groups: state officials, insurers, purchasers, hospitals, physicians, public interest, and experts. About 370 coded arguments in the interview transcripts were condensed into 95 categorical topics. A code outline was constructed to present a dialogue among stakeholders in one comprehensive narrative. Topical sections include the cost imperative, politics, model systems, insurance, purchasing, delivery system, practice management, and finance. Summary results show …

Supranationalism In The Fight Against Transnational Threats: A Comparative Study Of Asean And Eu Policy Responses To Human Trafficking, Nicholas M. Klynn

Dissertations and Theses

Transnational security threats are among the most pressing and complicated problems facing both governmental and non-governmental actors in today's world. Human trafficking is one example of contemporary transnational security threat that is relatively less studied compared to other transnational security threats. Because transnational security threats such as human trafficking exist above and outside the boundaries of state control, it may be supposed that a greater degree of supranationalism in the policy responses to them would yield better results in combatting these modern-day ills. Anti-trafficking efforts from the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and the European Union are examined to assess …

Perceived Isolation, Social Integration, And Health Behavior: A Daily Process Examination Of Responses To Loneliness, Sarah Noel Arpin

Dissertations and Theses

Researchers have examined social relationships as a basic need, showing that being well integrated in a network of social ties is related to various positive health outcomes including reduced mortality and risk behavior (e.g. reduced alcohol consumption). Conversely, a lack of strong social ties is related to negative outcomes including depression, suicide, and substance use (Berkman & Syme, 1979; Durkheim, 1951; Sarason, Sarason, & Gurung, 2001). Loneliness, a negative affective experience resulting from relationship deficits, is related to similar health outcomes as social isolation including depression and problematic alcohol use (Cacioppo, Hawkley, Crawford et al., 2002). However, research to date …

Examining The Effect Of Maternal High-Fat Diet Consumption On The Physiology And Pancreas Development Of Fetal And Juvenile Nonhuman Primate Offspring, Sarah Michelle Comstock

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of these studies was to investigate the impact of high-fat diet (HFD) exposure during pregnancy and the early post-natal period on fetal and post-natal development of the endocrine pancreas of the Japanese macaque. Specifically I hypothesized that the HFD would alter islet morphology and lead to disturbances in glucose homeostasis in these animals. Adult female Japanese macaques were placed on either a control (CTR) or HFD diet for 4 years. Fetuses were collected at gestational day 130 (G130), while other offspring from the CTR and HFD mothers were carried to term. After birth, infant animals were maintained with …

Development Of An Atmospheric Pressure Laser Induced Fluorimeter (Ap-Lif) For No₂ And Application Of Ap-Lif For Study Of Heterogeneous No₂ Chemistry, Jeremy Parra

Dissertations and Theses

Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) is a pollutant of interest for study both because of its controlling role in the oxidant capacity of the atmosphere and the health risks it poses. Concerns about the health effects of NO₂ and its role in forming deleterious atmospheric species have made it desirable to have low-cost, sensitive ambient measurements of NO₂. A continuous-wave laser-diode laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) system for NO₂ was developed here which operates at ambient pressure, thereby eliminating the need for an expensive pumping system. The current prototype system has achieved sensitivity several orders of magnitude beyond previous efforts at ambient pressure (limit …

Engaging Community Food Systems Through Learning Garden Programs: Oregon Food Bank's Seed To Supper Program, Denissia Elizabeth Withers

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to discover whether learning garden programs increase access to locally grown foods and successfully empower and include food insecure populations. This study examined the Oregon Food Bank's Seed to Supper program which situates garden-based learning in food insecure communities. Through a mixed-methods community-based research process, this study found that community building, learner empowerment and sustainability leadership in place-based learning garden programs increased access to locally grown foods for food insecure populations. When food insecure populations participated in these learning garden programs they often engaged in practices described in the literature as the "web of …

Risk Factors For Homelessness Among Community Mental Health Patients With Severe Mental Illness, Rupert Talmage Van Wormer

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors associated with homelessness, assess the relationship between housing status and consumption of costly publicly funded resources, to identify characteristics associated with service retention, and to evaluate whether length of treatment is associated with better outcomes. The target population was homeless and formerly homeless adults with SMI enrolled in community mental health services at the Downtown Emergency Service Center SAGE mental health program located in Seattle. The sample consisted of 380 SAGE patients who had continuous enrollment in 2005. These patients formed the cohort for the study. Agency records for these …

Post-Occupancy Evaluation At The Zoo: Behavioral And Hormonal Indicators Of Welfare In Orangutans (Pongo Pygmaeus Abelii), Leigha Tingey

Dissertations and Theses

An increased understanding of species-specific behavioral needs has lead zoos to focus on providing more naturalistic and stimulating environments. Scientific assessments of how changes in habitat affect animal behavior are necessary in improving overall animal welfare. This study examined the move of three orangutans housed at the Oregon Zoo into a new and innovative exhibit. Post-occupancy evaluation (POE), which offers systematic information regarding the success or failure of the built environment (Maple & Finlay, 1987), was utilized to effectively evaluate the results of the move. The collection of behavioral data and adrenal activity monitoring through collection of non-invasive saliva, urine …

Grassroots Originalism: Rethinking The Politics Of Judicial Philosophy, Mary Ziegler

Scholarly Publications

How has originalism become so politically successful? In answering this question, leading scholarship has focused on the ways in which political leaders, judges, and lawyers have cultivated popular support for originalism. In one account, legal academics, politicians, and judges have explained the legal merits of originalism as a method of interpretation: its political neutrality and its democratic legitimacy. In a second version, political leaders—in particular, the Reagan Administration and the judges it nominated—made apparent that originalism would often produce outcomes that social conservatives found satisfactory. With some exceptions, leading studies primarily address the contributions made by elites to rhetoric about …

John Marshall, Gordon A. Crews

Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

John Marshall was the Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court between 1801 and 1835. His court opinions during this period provided the foundation for constitutional law in the United States and helped move the U.S. Supreme Court into the center of power in the American criminal justice system, capable of overruling Congress. Marshall still remains the longest-serving Chief Justice and is known for reinforcing the principle that federal courts are obligated to exercise judicial review and must examine laws purported by citizens to violate the U.S. Constitution. During his service, he helped establish the Supreme Court as the …

The Future Of Abandoned Big Box Stores: Legal Solutions To The Legacies Of Poor Planning Decisions, Sarah Schindler

University of Colorado Law Review

Big box stores, the defining retail shopping location for the majority of American suburbs, are being abandoned at alarming rates, due in part to the economic downturn. These empty stores impose numerous negative externalities on the communities in which they are located, including blight, reduced property values, loss of tax revenue, environmental problems, and a decrease in social capital. While scholars have generated and critiqued prospective solutions to prevent abandonment of big box stores, this Article asserts that local zoning ordinances can alleviate the harms imposed by the thousands of existing, vacant big boxes. Because local governments control land use …

Waltzing Through A Loophole: How Parens Patriae Suits Allow Circumvention Of The Class Action Fairness Act, Jacob Durling

University of Colorado Law Review

This Note explores the applicability of the Class Action Fairness Act's (CAFA) mass action removal provision to parens patriae suits. CAFA amended the federal rules governing aggregate litigation, replacing the complete diversity requirement with a minimal diversity requirement. CAFA's applicability to parens patriae suits, a type of representative lawsuit brought by a state alleging injuries to its citizens, was first addressed in Louisiana ex rel. Caldwell v. Allstate Insurance Co. In Caldwell, the Fifth Circuit held that a parens patriae suit was mislabeled because the real parties in interest-the parties whose interests constitute the basis of the parens patriae standing-represented …

Nagpra In Colorado: A Success Story, Cecily Harms

University of Colorado Law Review

A primary goal of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) is to correct the human rights violations committed against Native Americans from centuries of grave looting, stealing, and improper sales of cultural items. In the twenty-two years since NAGPRA's passage, the human rights foundation of the Act has been overshadowed by struggles regarding interpretation and implementation. The museums and Native American tribes of Colorado have not lost sight of NAGPRA's human rights foundation, however. Their commitment to the spirit of NAGPRA is evident in the museums' and tribes' approach to basic implementation and taking the initiative to …

Alive But Irrelevant: The Prior Appropriation Doctrine In Today's Western Water Law, Reed D. Benson

University of Colorado Law Review

The Prior Appropriation Doctrine has long been the foundation of laws governing water allocation and use in the American West, but it has been under pressure from forces both external and internal to the western states. Twenty years ago, Prior Appropriation was pronounced dead in a provocative essay by Charles Wilkinson. Other scholars argued that it was still alive, but it now appears to have lost its force as the controlling doctrine of western water law. This Article analyzes three recent cases upholding state laws that undermine a fundamental Prior Appropriation principle, then considers the water policy implications of the …

Administering Justice: Removing Statutory Barriers To Reentry, Joy Radice

University of Colorado Law Review

No abstract provided.

Homely, Cultured Brahmin Woman Seeks Particular Social Group: Must Be Immutable, Particulara, Nd Socially Visible, Sarah Kathryn French

University of Colorado Law Review

This Note examines whether Brahmin women constitute a particular social group under United States asylum law. The domestic violence victims in immigration court-who are predominately Latin American-have thus far failed to establish, in a precedential decision, that they are part of a particular social group or that their perpetrators' violence was on account of their membership in a particular social group. Orthodox Brahmin women in India, however, may be able to meet the elements of asylum where other victims have failed. This Note examines whether Brahmin women can meet the elements of a particular social group, whether the Indian government …

It Happens In The Dark: Examining Current Obstacles To Identifying And Rehabilitating Child Sex- Trafficking Victims In India And The United States, Emily K. Harlan

University of Colorado Law Review

The governments of India and the United States have been struggling for years to eradicate child sex trafficking within their borders. Nevertheless, many Indian and American child sex-trafficking victims have yet to be identified as victims or provided with rehabilitation services. Both countries need to make additional legal and policy reforms to ensure their legal systems correctly identify child sextrafficking victims and provide them with meaningful opportunities for rehabilitation. This Note identifies police corruption in India and the disparate treatment of foreign and domestic victims in the United States as the major obstacles to correctly identifying child sex-trafficking victims, and …

Advancing Our Understanding Of The Inheritance And Transmission Of Pectus Excavatum, Lisa Horth, Michael W. Stacey, Virginia K. Proud, Kara Segna, Chelsea Rutherford, Donald Nuss, Robert E. Kelly

Bioelectrics Publications

Pectus excavatum is the most common congenital chest wall abnormality expressed in children, yet its inheritance is poorly understood. Here we present the first comprehensive assessment of the inheritance of this disorder. After evaluating 48 pedigrees and 56 clinical traits of probands and family members, we find strong evidence of autosomal recessive, genetic control for this disorder. Additionally there is likely more than one pectus disease-associated allele, as well as a relatively large number of disease allele carriers in the human population. Some clinical traits appear important and may serve as reliable indicators for predicting the likelihood of pectus excavatum …

Prévention De L'Exposition Des Travailleurs À La Silice À L'Intention Des Entreprises Du Secteur De La Transformation Du Granit Et Autres Matériaux Contenant Du Quartz : Guide Des Bonnes Pratiques, Nicole Goyer, Ali Bahloul, Carole Veillette

Guides

No abstract provided.

Challenges In Conducting Research After Family Presence During Resuscitation, Jane S. Leske, Natalie S. Mcandrew, Crystal-Rae Waltons, Annette E. Garcia, Karen J. Brasel

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) is an option occurring in clinical practice. National clinical guidelines on providing the option of FPDR are available from the American Association of Critical-Care Nurses, American Heart Association, Emergency Nurses Association, and Society of Critical Care Medicine. The FPDR option currently remains controversial, underutilized, and not the usual practice with trauma patients. This article is based on the methodological and practical research challenges associated with an ongoing study to examine the effects of the FPDR option on family outcomes in patients experiencing critical injury after motor vehicle crashes and gunshot wounds. The primary aim of …

Sécurité Des Travailleurs Derrière Les Véhicules Lourds : Évaluation De Trois Types D'Alarmes Sonores De Recul, Véronique Vaillancourt, Hugues Nélisse, Chantal Laroche, Christian Giguère, Jérôme Boutin, Pascal Laferrière

Rapports de recherche scientifique

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Une nouvelle technologie d’alarmes de recul de véhicule lourd a fait récemment son apparition sur le marché. Cette technologie, basée sur l’utilisation d’un signal large-bande (bruit de type « pschitt- pschitt ») serait, selon le manufacturier, plus sécuritaire pour les travailleurs tout en causant moins de nuisance environnementale que l’alarme tonale conventionnelle (bruit de type « beep-beep »). Il demeurait toutefois difficile de se prononcer sur la supériorité de cette technologie puisqu’il existe très peu d’études scientifiques indépendantes et rigoureuses portant sur celle-ci.

Cette étude visait à comparer la nouvelle technologie …

Analyse Ergonomique De La Santé Et De La Sécurité En Centre De Formation Professionnelle, Céline Chatigny, Livann Nadon-Vézina, Jessica Riel, Vanessa Couture, Priscille Hastey

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Cette recherche exploratoire porte sur les enjeux de santé et sécurité au travail (SST) en milieu scolaire d’apprentissage des métiers. Cette problématique est importante dans un contexte où les centres de formation professionnelle (CFP) investissent beaucoup pour répondre aux demandes de la Commission de la santé et de la sécurité du travail pour réduire des lésions professionnelles chez les jeunes. L’étude a été réalisée avec l’approche ergonomique de l’activité qui analyse la complexité du travail réel pour développer les conditions de SST avec la participation des acteurs concernés. Plusieurs partenaires de la formation professionnelle (FP) et de la SST ont …

Caractérisation Et Contrôle De L’Exposition Professionnelle Aux Nanoparticules Et Particules Ultrafines, Maximilien Debia, Charles Beaudry, Scott Weichenthal, Robert Tardif, André Dufresne

Rapports de recherche scientifique

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De nombreux travailleurs sont exposés à un ensemble de particules présentes à une échelle nanométrique. En hygiène du travail, il est commun de différencier les nanoparticules (NP) manufacturées, des particules ultrafines (PUF) qui proviennent de sources naturelles, humaine ou industrielle. Étant donné qu’il existe des lacunes importantes dans les démarches usuelles d'évaluation du risque à ces particules, l’objectif de cette recherche était d’évaluer les expositions professionnelles à des PUF et des NP. L’objectif secondaire était de tester globalement les capacités d’évaluation des expositions professionnelles aux NP et aux PUF dans un …

Évaluation Biomécanique Des Déterminants De La Stabilité Lombaire : Étude Exploratoire, Christian Larivière, Robert Kearney, Hakim Mecheri, Daniel Ludvig, Shirazi-Adl Aboulfazl, Denis Gagnon

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Il ne fait maintenant aucun doute que les exercices physiques réduisent la douleur et les incapacités, mais de manière très inégale entre les travailleurs souffrant de maux de dos. La présente étude représente une activité préparatoire à un projet de recherche dont l’objet est un programme d’exercices de stabilisation lombaire. Ce projet de recherche vise essentiellement (1) à identifier quels travailleurs répondent le mieux à ce programme d’exercice en termes de réduction des incapacités et (2) pourquoi ces travailleurs répondent aussi bien à ce type de traitement. Pour répondre au deuxième objectif, l’étude des mécanismes d’action de nature « neuromusculaires …

Mise À Jour Du Répertoire Des Silencieux, Soufflettes Et Pistolets Aspirateurs, Rémy Oddo, Chantal Simard, Noureddine Atalla

Rapports de recherche scientifique

La mise à jour du répertoire des silencieux, soufflettes et pistolets aspirateurs présente les résultats de mesure obtenus sur de nouveaux appareils ainsi que sur des appareils ayant déjà été testés (en 1995) et encore présents sur le marché. À partir de ces résultats, un guide d’utilisation a été rédigé pour chaque classe d’appareils.

Le guide d’utilisation des soufflettes présente les risques potentiels liés à l’utilisation des soufflettes. Il donne également, pour différentes tâches, les modèles de soufflettes les plus performantes du point de vue acoustique. L’un des résultats importants ressortant des mesures sur les soufflettes est que, du point …

Secteur Des Affaires Municipales Au Québec : Étude Exploratoire Du Cadenassage, Yuvin Chinniah, Damien Burlet-Vienney, Gilles Boivin, Joseph-Jean Paques

Rapports de recherche scientifique

À partir des bases de données de plusieurs pays européens, il est estimé que 10-15 % des accidents mortels au travail et 15-20 % de tous les accidents sont liés à la maintenance. Au Québec, la méthode prescrite dans l’article 185 du Règlement sur la santé et la sécurité du travail (RSST) pour maîtriser les énergies dangereuses lors des opérations de maintenance, de réparation ou de déblocage sur des machines est le cadenassage. Les procédures de cadenassage imposent normalement l’arrêt de l'équipement, l’isolement des énergies sources de danger, la condamnation à l’aide de cadenas identifiés des dispositifs d’isolement des sources …

Vibrations, Exiguïté, Faible Marge De Manoeuvre : Comment Améliorer Le Poste De Conduite Du Métro De Montréal? Une Démarche Concertée Et Ancrée Sur La Réalité Des Situations De Travail, Sylvie Beaugrand, Louise Sutton

Rapports de recherche scientifique

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Considérant les inconforts rapportés par les opérateurs, la STM et le syndicat des opérateurs de métro se sont unis pour demander à l'IRSST de mesurer les vibrations auxquelles étaient exposés les opérateurs et de recommander un nouveau siège pour la loge de conduite. Cette publication relate l'étude en trois volets (étude ergonomique, étude vibratoire et conception d'un prototype de siège), s'appuyant sur une série de simulations, de tests et d'essais et menant à l'implantation de nouveaux sièges et de modifications à la loge de conduite. Le document illustre également comment la …

Vibration, Confined Space, And Little Leeway For Improvement: Addressing The Challenges Posed By The Montréal Subway Operator Workstation: A Collaborative Approach Grounded In The Real Work Context, Sylvie Beaugrand, Louise Sutton

Rapports de recherche scientifique

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Considérant les inconforts rapportés par les opérateurs, la STM et le syndicat des opérateurs de métro se sont unis pour demander à l'IRSST de mesurer les vibrations auxquelles étaient exposés les opérateurs et de recommander un nouveau siège pour la loge de conduite. Cette publication relate l'étude en trois volets (étude ergonomique, étude vibratoire et conception d'un prototype de siège), s'appuyant sur une série de simulations, de tests et d'essais et menant à l'implantation de nouveaux sièges et de modifications à la loge de conduite. Le document illustre également comment la …

Évaluation De L'Exposition Aux Vibrations Globales Du Corps Chez Les Opérateurs De Compacteurs De Sol, Subhash Rakheja, Ario Kordestani, Pierre Marcotte

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Les vibrocompacteurs à tambour unique sont largement utilisés pour le compactage des sols et la construction des routes. Il s'agit essentiellement de véhicules articulés composés d'un tambour vibrateur (rouleau) à l'avant et d'un tracteur à deux roues à l'arrière. Le tambour renferme une masse rotative excentrique dont la vibration assure un compactage efficace du sol. Les interactions dynamiques du tambour et des pneus avec le sol, jumelées au comportement dynamique du véhicule articulé à charge asymétrique, soumettent l'opérateur à des niveaux de vibrations globales du corps (VGC) de grande amplitude à travers le siège du véhicule, lequel se réduit à …