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Research Digest - November 2012, Division Of Public Health Sciences, Department Of Surgery, Washington University School Of Medicine In St. Louis

Newsletters from the Division of Public Health Sciences

No abstract provided.

Mistakes About Intention In The Law Of Bioethics, Michael P. Moreland

Law and Contemporary Problems

No abstract provided.

Approached To Assurance Of Learning: - A View From Four Business Schools, Jane Whitney Gibson, Regina A. Greenwood, Julia Teahen, Bahaudin G. Mujtaba, Dana V. Tesone, Shelley Robbins

HCBE Faculty Presentations

Six presenters from four different universities discuss the strategies their business schools are currently using to capture and utilize assurance of learning data. The schools represent public and private as well as not-for-profit and for-profit and uniformly document the rigor and deliberateness with which assessment of learning is now being conducted.

Strength Asymmetry Increases Gait Asymmetry And Variability In Older Women., Dain P. Laroche, Summer B. Cook, Krzysztof Mackala

Kinesiology

Purpose—The aim of the research was to determine how knee extensor strength asymmetry influences gait asymmetry and variability since these gait parameters have been related to mobility and falls in older adults. Methods—Strength of the knee extensors was measured in 24 older women (65 – 80 yr). Subjects were separated into symmetrical strength (SS, n = 13) and asymmetrical strength (SA, n = 11) groups using an asymmetry cutoff of 20%. Subjects walked at a standard speed of 0.8 m s−1 and at maximal speed on an instrumented treadmill while kinetic and spatiotemporal gait variables were measured. Gait and strength …

Self-Perceptions Of Proximal Stability As Measured By The Functional Movement Screen, Thomas Palmer, Dana Howell, Car L G Mattacola, Kert Viele

Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy Faculty and Staff Research

This mixed method study was designed to investigate self-perceptions before and after experiencing an activity that dynamically and statically challenges proximal stability of the pelvis, spine, and trunk. Twenty-eight, healthy Division II female soccer and volleyball collegiate players (17 soccer, 11 volley-ball) completed a self-reported Tegner activity scale, pretest questionnaire and posttest interview. A self-perceived numeric rating of the athletes’ proximal stability and performance on a functional movement screen (FMS) were recorded. A guided interview was used to examine the self perceptions of proximal stability after the FMS testing session. Differences and correlations between the pretest and posttest ratings of …

Finding Funding For Your Research, Sarah Pratt

Research and Dessert

Supplemental materials:

COS Pilot: Content from UNC GrantSource Library http://grantsource.unc.edu/databases/COS

Good For You, Bad For Us: The Financial Disincentive For Net Demand Reduction, Michael P. Vandenbergh, Jim Rossi

Vanderbilt Law Review

Energy policy debates often focus on increasing the supply of renewable energy, but energy demand merits equal attention. Low- carbon energy sources will not be able to displace fossil fuels at the levels necessary to achieve climate goals if global demand continues to grow at projected rates. To meet the widely endorsed goal of 50% global carbon emissions reductions by 2050, including 80% reductions from developed countries, global emissions from fossil fuel use will need to decline by more than seven billion tons from projected levels by 2050. Major new sources of low-carbon energy will become available, but it is …

Kalamazoo Chamber Higher Education Update, John M. Dunn

WMU President John Dunn

No abstract provided.

Geosciences Newsletter - 2012, Department Of Geosciences

Geological and Environmental Sciences News

Vol. 5, No. 1

• Faculty Updates
• Faculty Updates
• Deanna Romanosky
• Publications
• MGRRE
• Alumni Award
• Gifts
• Grants
• Endowments

The Continuing Saga Of Globalism: Comparing Ethiopia’S Developmental State Strategies To Those Of Malaysia, Asayehgn Desta

Collected Faculty Scholarship

Using the conceptual framework of a developmental state, forwarded by the Economic Commission for Africa, it was found that Ethiopia’s democratic developmental state is unique and operates differently from the Malaysian developmental state model. Economically, Ethiopia has recorded staggering economic growth since it adopted the developmental state. The Malaysian developmental state was developed to be market-oriented and as a result Malaysia’s GDP grew at 5.23 percent from 2005-2011. Malaysia’s incidence of poverty declined from 49% in 1970 to less than 5% in 2000. Ethiopia has focused on a planned developmental state, without speeding the direction of industrialization, and has achieved …

Personal Environmental Information: The Promise And Perils Of The Emerging Capacity To Identify Individual Environmental Harms, Katrina Fischer Kuh

Vanderbilt Law Review

A variety of modern technologies reveal individual behaviors that have environmental consequences with increasing clarity. Smart meters and related technologies detect detailed information about when and how individuals use electricity within the home. Radio frequency identification ("RFID") chips embedded in recycling collection bins track household recycling behaviors, including everything from whether the household is recycling to whether its members properly separate their recyclables. Regulators use aerial imagery and geographic information systems ("GIS") technology to detect violations of local building codes and the illegal filling of wetlands. Interactive "ecomaps" allow city residents to compare environmental performance by zip code. Even information …

The Long And Short Of It: The Role Of Telomeres In Fetal Origins Of Adult Disease, Stephanie E. Hallows, Timothy R.H. Regnault, Dean H. Betts

Paediatrics Publications

Placental insufficiency, maternal malnutrition, and other causes of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) can significantly affect short-term growth and long-term health. Following IUGR, there is an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and Type 2 Diabetes. The etiology of these diseases is beginning to be elucidated, and premature aging or cellular senescence through increased oxidative stress and DNA damage to telomeric ends may be initiators of these disease processes. This paper will explore the areas where telomere and telomerase biology can have significant effects on various tissues in the body in IUGR outcomes. © 2012 Stephanie E. Hallows et al.

Activation Of Protein Kinase Cδ Leads To Increased Pancreatic Acinar Cell Dedifferentiation In The Absence Of Mist1, Charis L. Johnson, Jodi M. Peat, Sonia N. Volante, Rennian Wang, Carolyn A. Mclean, Christopher L. Pin

Paediatrics Publications

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a 5 year survival rate post-diagnosis of < 5%. Individuals with chronic pancreatitis (CP) are 20-fold more likely to develop PDAC, making it a significant risk factor for PDAC. While the relationship for the increased susceptibility to PDAC is unknown, loss of the acinar cell phenotype is common to both pathologies. Pancreatic acinar cells can dedifferentiate or trans-differentiate into a number of cell types including duct cells, β cells, hepatocytes and adipocytes. Knowledge of the molecular pathways that regulate this plasticity should provide insight into PDAC and CP. MIST1 (encoded by Bhlha15 in mice) is a transcription factor required for complete acinar cell maturation. The goal of this study was to examine the plasticity of acinar cells that do not express MIST1 (Mist1 -/-). The fate of acinar cells from C57Bl6 or congenic Mist1 -/- mice expressing an acinar specific, tamoxifen-inducible Cre recombinase mated to Rosa26 reporter LacZ mice (Mist1CreERT/- R26r) was determined following culture in a three-dimensional collagen matrix. Mist1CreERT/- R26r acini showed increased acinar dedifferentiation, formation of ductal cysts and transient increases in PDX1 expression compared to wild-type acinar cells. Other progenitor cell markers, including Foxa1, Sox9, Sca1 and Hes1, were elevated only in Mist1-/- cultures. Analysis of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms by western blot and immunofluorescence identified increased PKCε accumulation and nuclear localization of PKCδ that correlated with increased duct formation. Treatment with rottlerin, a PKCδ-specific inhibitor, but not the PKCε-specific antagonist εV1-2, reduced acinar dedifferentiation, progenitor gene expression and ductal cyst formation. Immunocytochemistry on CP or PDAC tissue samples showed reduced MIST1 expression combined with increased nuclear PKCδ accumulation. These results suggest that the loss of MIST1 is a common event during PDAC and CP and events that affect MIST1 function and expression may increase susceptibility to these pathologies. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Pandemic (H1n1) 2009 Influenza In Canadian Pediatric Cancer And Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients, Dat Tran, Michelle Science, David Dix, Carol Portwine, Shayna Zelcer, Donna L. Johnston, Rochelle Yanofsky, Adam Gassas, Marie Chantal Ethier, Lillian Sung

Paediatrics Publications

Background The impact of pandemic H1N1 influenza (pH1N1) virus in pediatric cancer is uncertain. The objectives of this study were to characterize the clinical course of pH1N1 and identify factors associated with severe outcomes. Methods We conducted a Canadian multicenter retrospective review of children with cancer and stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients who were diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 infection between May 1, 2009 and January 31, 2010. Results We identified 100 (19 in wave 1 and 81 in wave 2) cases of pH1N1 infection. Median age was 8·7years. 71% had a hematologic malignancy, and 20% received SCT. Median duration of …

Male Gender Promotes An Increased Inflammatory Response To Lipopolysaccharide In Umbilical Vein Blood., Shunaha Kim-Fine, Timothy Regnault, James S Lee, Sarah A Gimbel, Jill A Greenspoon, Jonathan Fairbairn, Kelly Summers, Barbra De Vrijer

Paediatrics Publications

OBJECTIVES: To establish gender-specific differences in maternal and fetal immune response in healthy human fetuses at term.

METHODS: Forty-five women with elective caesarean sections for uncomplicated singleton pregnancies were recruited for two studies. Using a multiplex biomarker immunoassay system, unstimulated maternal and fetal plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured from one study population. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cytokine response was measured in a second study.

RESULTS: There were no significant gender differences in either maternal or fetal unstimulated plasma cytokine concentrations, but concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and …

Assessing The Psychometric Properties Of Both A Global And A Domain-Specific Perceived Quality Of Life Measure When Used With Youth Who Have Chronic Conditions, Janette Mcdougall, Virginia Wright, Megan Nichols, Linda Miller

Occupational Therapy Publications

The purpose of this paper was to assess the psychometric properties of the Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (SLSS) and the Brief Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (BMSLSS) when used with youth who have chronic conditions. Baseline data from a longitudinal study examining predictors of changes in perceived quality of life (PQOL) for youth with chronic conditions were used. SLSS and BMSLSS data were collected on over 400 youth aged 11–17 using youth self-report and parent proxy-report versions. Internal consistency, convergent validity, and factor structure were examined for both versions. Extent of agreement and magnitude of differences between youth and parent …

Linking Childhood Obesity To The Built Environment: A Multi-Level Analysis Of Home And School Neighbourhood Factors Associated With Body Mass Index, Jason A. Gilliland, Claudia Rangel, Martin Healy, Patricia Tucker, Janet E. Loebach, Paul M. Hess, Meizi He, Jennifer D. Irwin, Piotr Wilk

Human Environments Analysis Lab (HEAL)

Objectives: This study examines environmental factors associated with BMI (body mass index) levels among adolescents with the aim of identifying potential interventions for reducing childhood obesity.

Methods: Students (n=1,048) aged 10-14 years at 28 schools in London, ON, completed a survey providing information on age, sex, height, weight, home address, etc., which was used to construct age-sex adjusted BMI z-scores. The presence of recreation opportunities, fast-food outlets and convenience stores was assessed using four areal units around each participant’s home and school neighbourhood: “circular buffers” encompassing territory within a straight-line distance of 500 m and 1000 m; and “network buffers” …

Unfulfilled Farmer Expectations: The Case Of The Insect Resistant Maize For Africa (Irma) Project In Kenya, Obidimma Ezezika, Justin Mabeya

Health Studies Publications

Background: Maize is the most important staple food in Kenya; any reduction in production and yield therefore often becomes a national food security concern. To address the challenge posed by the maize stem borer, the Insect Resistant Maize for Africa (IRMA) agricultural biotechnology public-private partnership (PPP) project was launched in 1999. There were, however, pre-existing concerns regarding the use of genetic engineering in crop production and skepticism about private sector involvement. The purpose of this case study was to understand the role of trust in the IRMA partnership by identifying the challenges to, and practices for, building trust in the …

Overcoming Barriers To Trust In Agricultural Biotechnology Projects: A Case Study Of Bt Cowpea In Nigeria., Obidimma Ezezika, Abdallah S. Daar

Health Studies Publications

Background: Nigeria, Africa’s most populous country, has been the world’s largest cowpea importer since 2004. The country is currently in the early phases of confined field trials for two genetically modified crops: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cowpea and nutritionally enhanced cassava (“BioCassava Plus”). Using the bio-safety guidelines process as a backdrop, we evaluate the role of trust in the operation of the Cowpea Productivity Improvement Project, which is an international agricultural biotechnology public-private partnership (PPP) aimed at providing pest-resistant cowpea varieties to Nigerian farmers. Methods: We reviewed the published literature and collected data through direct observations and semistructured, face-to-face interviews. Data …

Building Trust In Biotechnology Crops In Light Of The Arab Spring: A Case Study Of Bt Maize In Egypt., Obidimma Ezezika, Abdallah S. Daar

Health Studies Publications

Background: The case of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) maize in Egypt presents a unique perspective on the role of trust in agricultural biotechnology (agbiotech) public-private partnerships (PPPs). This is especially relevant given the recent pro-democracy uprisings that spread throughout the Arab world that have significantly impacted the current political climate and status of both the public and private sector, and especially public-private collaborative initiatives. This case study aims to shed light on various trust-building practices adopted, and trust-related challenges faced, in the Bt maize project in Egypt. Methods: We reviewed published materials on Bt maize in Egypt and collected data through …

A Qualitative Study Of Tobacco Dependence Treatment In 19 Us Dental Hygiene Programs., Anne Koerber, Joan M. Davis, Nancy A Newton

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: The US Public Health Service calls for health professionals to provide tobacco dependence counseling for patients. The purpose of this study was to understand how dental hygiene programs make decisions about and provide training for tobacco dependence counseling to help them graduate more fully competent hygienists.

METHODS: We conducted interviews (N = 32) with mainly program and clinic directors from 19 US dental hygiene education programs for this qualitative case study. We explored fluoride therapy training and tooth whitening training for comparison. Two analysts summarized the transcripts into a case study for each program.

RESULTS: All programs reported a …

Tenth Place: The State Of Florida V. Joelis Jardines, David Chang, Lauren Wilner

David E. Snodgrass Moot Court Competition

No abstract provided.

Otter Realm, November 1, 2012, California State University, Monterey Bay

The Otter Realm

Governor Comments on CSUMB Lawsuit & Prop. 30 -- What You Otter Be Doing November 1 - November 14 -- It's a Marathon, Not a Sprint: Political Saturation in American Lives -- Making A Difference: CSUMB Students Volunteer to Beautify Downtown Salinas -- Two Candidates, One Office, Five Days, The Student Voice!: What do Otters look for in their next President? -- The Power of Deduction: Accusations Over Payroll Deductions Surface...Again -- Graduating to Master Level: Grad School Fair Helps Map Students' Futures -- Salinas Walks Against Violence: "Cultivating Peace Through Faith and Action" Procession -- The Ups and Downs …

Blood Works: The Sanguineous Art Of Robert Sherer, Robert Sherer

KSU Press Legacy Project

Robert Sherer is an internationally recognized gay American artist whose work explores race, gender, sexuality, and Southern identity, intertwined with beautiful and provocative botanical and anatomical illustration. His premier book concerns the complexities of romantic life and sexual attraction in the age of AIDS and conveys a profound and highly personal aesthetic statement in response to the continuing AIDS crisis in America and abroad. Images of his stunning illustrations are printed with non-toxic ink—the originals were executed in blood drawn from the artist, as well as donated by friends, both HIV-negative and HIV-positive.

Contents

Part 1

Blood Works: Love and …

"Homelike" Characteristics Of Maine's Residential Services: A Survey Of Maine's Residential Service Settings (2010), Julie T. Fralich Mba, Eileen Griffin Jd, Catherine Mcguire Bs

Disability & Aging

To better understand the nature of the residential facilities serving more than 19 percent of Maine’s Long Term Services and Supports (LTSS) population, the Maine Department of Health and Human Services commissioned the Muskie School to conduct a survey of residential facilities as part of its update to Maine’s LTSS profile. The goal of the Maine Residential Settings Characteristics Survey, conducted between July and September 2010, was to measure the "homelike" characteristics of residential settings.

The survey sample comprised a total of 636 facilities which included all licensed residential care facilities or private non-medical licensed institutions. The survey response rate …

Adobe Medicus 2012 6 November-December, Health Sciences Library And Informatics Center

adobe medicus

No abstract provided.

Iaims Planning Grant For The, Holly Buchanan, Fred Hashimoto, Sally Bowler-Hill

Historical and Administrative Collection

Since 2000, the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center (UNMHSC) has been implementing an IAIMS planning grant (1G08LM06755-01A1) and preparing the next stage of IAIMS development, including submission of an operations grant(s). The original time frame of the grant was February 1, 2000 through January 31, 2002; a no-cost extension was received, and the award period was extended through January 31, 2003. This report details the major aims of the project, as specified by Principal Investigator Holly Shipp Buchanan, EdD, and Co-Investigator Fred Hashimoto, MD, in their original proposal to the National Library of Medicine (NLM). This narrative is …

Commonwealth Times 2012-11-01

Commonwealth Times, 1969-

No abstract provided.

Overruling Crawford V. Washington: Why And How, David Crump

Notre Dame Law Review

The article discusses a court case in which decision of Roberts Court on Confrontation Clause was overruled by the Crawford Court. It states that Confrontation Clause provides the right of vigorous cross-examination, right to face-to-face presentation of witnesses and the right to severance to the criminal defendant. It highlights several Payne-Parenthood factors supporting the overruling of Crawford including fewer disturbances in reliance interests, dissenting justices and judicial fudging.

Jurisprudence That Necessarily Embodies Moral Judgment: The Eighth Amendment, Catholic Teaching, And Death Penalty Discourse, Kurt M. Denk

Notre Dame Law Review

The article compares the U.S. Jurisprudence with the death penalty teaching of the Catholic Church through a court case of Patrick Kennedy v. Louisiana Supreme Court. It focuses on the Eighth Amendment Jurisprudence and argues on the translated approach of Catholic Church to advance the death penalty discourse. The article also discusses moral judgment embodied by the Eighth Amendment Jurisprudence.