Digital Commons Network^™

Feminism And Feminist Scholarship Today, Rachel Blau Duplessis

Journal of Feminist Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Radicalization Into Violent Extremism I: A Review Of Social Science Theories, Randy Borum

Journal of Strategic Security

In discourse about countering terrorism, the term "radicalization" is widely used, but remains poorly defined. To focus narrowly on ideological radicalization risks implying that radical beliefs are a proxy—or at least a necessary precursor—for terrorism, though we know this not to be true.Different pathways and mechanisms of terrorism involvement operate in different ways for different people at different points in time and perhaps in different contexts. This article explores the problems in defining radicalization and radicalism, and suggests that radicalization—and more specifically, involvement in terrorism—might best be viewed as a set of diverse processes. It goes on to review several …

Radicalization Into Violent Extremism Ii: A Review Of Conceptual Models And Empirical Research, Randy Borum

Journal of Strategic Security

Over the past decade, analysts have proposed several frameworks to explain the process of radicalization into violent extremism (RVE). These frameworks are based primarily on rational, conceptual models which are neither guided by theory nor derived from systematic research. This article reviews recent (post-9/11) conceptual models of the radicalization process and recent (post-9/11) empirical studies of RVE. It emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between ideological radicalization and terrorism involvement, though both issues deserve further empirical inquiry.Finally, it summarizes some recent RVE-related research efforts, identifies seven things that social science researchers and operational personnel still need to know about violent radicalization, …

Disarming Youth Combatants: Mitigating Youth Radicalization And Violent Extremism, Alpaslan Özerdem, Sukanya Podder

Journal of Strategic Security

In the complex of motivating variables that define the push and pull factors behind recruitment and participation in civil conflict, "radicalization"—or "violent extremism"—is not conceived as a very strong motive, as is the case with studies on terrorism. As part of disarming youth combatants,the linkages between reintegration outcomes and possible rerecruitment into radical and extremist violence must be better understood to mitigate such risks. In our analysis, the policies guiding reintegration of child soldiers and youth should be better attuned to the relationship between recruitment motivations and reintegration outcomes, and must be approached from a political lens rather than a …

Cover & Front Matter

Journal of Strategic Security

No abstract provided.

A Change In Policy: The Impact Of The 1983 Beirut Bombing On United States Foreign Counter-Terrorism Policy, Zachary Thorne

Honors Capstones

This paper examines the 1983 Beirut barracks bombing and its impact on United States foreign counter-terrorism policy. This research was conducted first by establishing a baseline as to what was U.S. counter-terrorism policy from the years of 1976-1981, and then looking into what changes occurred following immediately after the 1983 bombing. What was found was that there was a recommendation for a change of policy towards a more proactive approach to counter-terrorism. Then through looking at how the idea of a proactive policy shaped the new laws and bills, and reactions to terrorist incidents during the Reagan administration. This showed …

Flying Into The Future: Drone Warfare And The Changing Face Of Humanitarian Law - Keynote Address To The 2010 Sutton Colloquium, Michael A. Newton

Denver Journal of International Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Whiskey, Soldiers, And Voting: Western Virginia Elections In The 1790s, Jud Campbell

Law Faculty Publications

Editor's Note: Elections in eighteenth-century Virginia were conducted quite differently than current elections. In this article, the author presents revealing descriptions of early elections in Montgomery County, Virginia immediately following the birth of the United States. The behavior and motivations of the electorate, as well as the candidates, provide interesting insight regarding the social structure o/that era.

Pakistan's Failed Commitment: How Pakistan's Institutionalized Persecution Of The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Violates The International Covenant On Civil And Political Rights, Qasim Rashid

Law Student Publications

The United Nations (“UN”) adopted the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (“ICCPR”) in 1966 and officially implemented it in 1976 to ensure, among other guarantees, that no human is denied his or her right to equal voting, freedom of political association, due process of law, freedom of life, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, and freedom of assembly. The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is among 166 nations that have signed and ratified the ICCPR. Since signing the ICCPR in 2008 and ratifying it in 2010, however, Pakistan has perpetuated state-sanctioned and violent persecution of religious minority groups such …

Vive La Différence: Hollywood And France, 1914-1945, Louise G. Hilton

LSU Master's Theses

France in the early decades of the 20th century underwent a profound identity crisis. Torn between tradition and modernity, the country perceived itself to be isolated internationally and threatened politically, economically, and culturally by both internal and external forces. In French eyes, the United States moved rapidly from an ally to an adversary that not only opposed France on major foreign policy issues after World War I, but threatened the European continent both economically and culturally. For broad segments of the French elite, the United States represented modernity – and everything that was wrong with it. Contributing powerfully to anti-American …

So Far, Yet Home? The Impact Of Colonization And Globalization On The Philippine Family, Kathleen Nadeau

Anthropology Faculty Publications

This paper looks at the changing role of the Filipino family from precapitalist to present times. After exploring the issue of how the precolonial and precapitalist family changed in response to colonization, it focuses on the question of how the underlying structure of the modern family has changed as a result of the impact of global capitalism. The paper ends with a brief reflection on some of the implications of changed family relations, structures, and roles for the moral fiber of the family and economy.

Carl Schmitt And The Critique Of Lawfare, David Luban

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

“Lawfare” is the use of law as a weapon of war against a military adversary. Lawfare critics complain that self-proclaimed “humanitarians” are really engaged in the partisan and political abuse of law—lawfare. This paper turns the mirror on lawfare critics themselves, and argues that the critique of lawfare is no less abusive and political than the alleged lawfare it attacks. Radical lawfare critics view humanitarian law with suspicion, as nothing more than an instrument used by weak adversaries against strong military powers. Casting suspicion on humanitarian law by attacking the motives of humanitarian lawyers, they undermine disinterested argument, and ultimately …

Against Flexibility, David A. Super

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Contemporary legal thinking is in the thrall of a cult of flexibility. We obsess about avoiding decisions without all possible relevant information while ignoring the costs of postponing decisions until that information becomes available. We valorize procrastination and condemn investments of decisional resources in early decisions.

Both public and private law should be understood as a productive activity converting information, norms, and decisional and enforcement capacity into outputs of social value. Optimal timing depends on changes in these inputs’ scarcity and in the value of the decision they produce. Our legal culture tends to overestmate the value of information that …

The Geographic Origins Of Strategic Culture, Stephen B. Smith

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Strategic culture is a concept that characterizes the way a security community thinks about the use of force or the threat of the use of force. It is constantly evolving, but only changes slowly as it is tethered to geography and History/ Archaeology. Strategic culture allows the realists to hone his or her skills even more precisely than material variables allow for as beliefs and habits of mind are important variables in decision making at the top levels, but are difficult to quantify. For practitioners of strategy the concept of strategic culture is a helpful tool in understanding what kinds …

Memorializing Destruction: Preservation Of Bombed Churches As Second World War Memorials In Britain And Germany, Julia Reardon

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

No abstract provided.

Knowledge Of Graduates Of The Watch Officer/Watch Chief Course, J. Garrett Sullivan

OTS Master's Level Projects & Papers

The problem of this study was to compare the knowledge of graduates of the Watch Officer/Watch Chief training programs to determine if the students who complete the certified program out perform those who complete the non-certified program.

Synthesis, Screening And Cocrystallization Of Adenosine Based Inhibitors With Methyltransferases, Ermc' And Ksga, Matthew Baker

Theses and Dissertations

Antibiotic resistance threatens to throw mankind back into an era when infectious disease was the predominant cause of death. In an effort to mitigate this danger, we targeted ErmC’ and KsgA. Both methylate N6-adenosine of ribosomal RNA, though each serve different roles in their bacterial host. ErmC’ dimethylates A2058 on 23S rRNA, conferring resistance to MLSB antibiotics (macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B). KsgA aids in ribosome assembly, binding inactive 30S until dimethylating A1518/A1519 of 16S rRNA. Like most methyltransferases, ErmC’ and KsgA use cofactor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as their methyl source, which binds adjacent to their specific adenosine substrate. ErmC’ inhibitors could …

“Because We Were Japanese Soldiers": The Failure Of Japanese Tactics At Changkufeng And Nomonhan And Lessons Left Unlearned, Ryan Schultz

Honors Papers

In their conflicts with the Soviet Union in 1938-1939, Imperial Japanese Army forces suffered a series of dramatic defeats at the hands of the Red Army, the descendant of an enemy they had been preparing to face since the conclusion of the Russo-Japanese War. At the root of these military failures was the dramatic tactical insufficiency of Japanese army doctrine, which had not evolved to meet the combined arms threat of a modern opponent. Instead, relying on 'spiritual superiority' over firepower, they were forced to attack Soviet tanks with firebombs and operate continuously under the heavy fire of enemy artillery. …

Han'gul For The Nation, The Nation For Han'gul: The Korean Language Movement, 1894-1945, Daniel Pieper

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

No abstract provided.

The Need For Congress To Get Onboard With Cruise Ship Pollution Regulation: How The Lack Of Federal Regulation Of The Cruise Ship Industry Is Destroying The Nation's Waters, Alexandra Ritucci-Chinni

Florida A & M University Law Review

No abstract provided.

An Elucidating Response To Erroneous Outrage: Why Continued Law Of War Detention Under Executive Order 13,567 Is Legal, Jenny Liabenow

Florida A & M University Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Economic Organization Of Early Camelid Pastoralism In The Andean Highlands Of Bolivia, José Capriles Flores

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

A fundamental goal of anthropological research is to understand the reasons for and consequences of the development of specialized agricultural systems. The domestication of South American camelids: llamas and alpacas) was associated with the development of specialized pastoralist societies that are still poorly understood. In the central altiplano of Bolivia, during the Formative Period: 1800 BC − AD 400) a cultural complex known as Wankarani developed. Although Wankarani is often cited as an example of early herding society, to date, there has not been an archaeologically-oriented study, focused on understanding the characteristics of its basic economic organization. The goal of …

Population Structure And Demographic History Of Human Arctic Populations Using Quantitative Cranial Traits, Blaine Maley

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

The Arctic of North America provides an excellent laboratory for examining human population movement and differentiation. This research utilizes cranial morphological variation from 27 discrete Arctic populations spread across the North American Arctic to examine the role that culture and migration may have played in defining biological relationships and population structure among modern human Arctic populations. The unique pattern of cranial variation among Arctic populations, spread over a large and difficult environment, is the result of a complicated mixture of isolation, fragmentation, and migration. By examining this pattern using a number of statistics that quantify cranial morphological affinities and hence …

An Emerging Norm - Determining The Meaning And Legal Status Of The Responsibility To Protect, Jonah Eaton

Michigan Journal of International Law

The responsibility to protect, from its recent nativity in the 2001 report of the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty (ICISS), is the latest round in an old debate pitting the principle of nonintervention in the internal affairs of states against allowing such intervention to prevent gross and systematic violations of human rights. Advocates for the concept see it as an important new commitment by the international community, injecting new meaning into the tragically threadbare promise to never again allow mass atrocities to occur unchallenged. ICISS offered the concept of responsibility to protect as a new way to confront …

Dow Chemical Vs. ‘Coercive Utopians’: Constructing The Contested Ground Of Science And Government Regulation In 1970s America, Amy M. Hay

History Faculty Publications

In 1979, the Dow Chemical Company published an excerpt from a speech by H. Peter Metzger that announced an emerging conflict in American ideals and public policy. He stated that a new kind of individual inhabited Washington, people from the counterculture who were “coercive utopians” because they sought to achieve their agenda through covert actions and hoped to end the American free market economy. Following the 1962 publication of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring and the subsequent banning of DDT in 1972, Dow and other chemical manufacturers fought to keep the regulatory climate favorable to industry. Dow found itself defending the …

Montanan, Winter 2011, University Of Montana--Missoula

Montanan Magazine, 1969-2024

This is the magazine of the University of Montana with news about the University for UM alumni as well as current faculty, students, staff, and administrators. This is volume 28, number 1.

The Legality Of Targeted Drone Attacks As U.S. Policy, Cheri Kramer

Santa Clara Journal of International Law

The first of a two-part series on the legality and ethics of targeted killing, this paper closely examines the legal regime under which targeted killing takes place. It looks to both international law and domestic law to conclude that targeted killings can be legal. Importantly, the paper investigates the political implications of relying on targeted killings as the prominent form of counter-terrorism.

Approaching The Extraterritoriality Debate: The Human Rights Committee, The U.S. And The Iccpr, Aldo S. Zilli

Santa Clara Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

The Global War On Terror: Who Wins, Who Loses?, G. Simon Harak S.J.

Theology Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

The Trillion Dollar Problem Of Underwater Homeowners: Avoiding A New Surge Of Foreclosures By Encouraging Principal-Reducing Loan Modifications, Gregory Scott Crespi

Santa Clara Law Review

No abstract provided.