Digital Commons Network^™

Role Of Tobacco Promotions On Smoking, George Thomas, Rani George

African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies

The major goal of the study was to examine the impact of tobacco promotions on smoking among African American college students. The study was conducted among undergraduate students (N=257) and incoming freshmen (N=287) in a Historically Black University. The variables in this study include gender, membership in athletic teams; membership in Greek organizations; staying in residence halls; tobacco promotion, cigarette smoking among family members; and cigarette smoking among close friends. Results of the logistic regression analyses indicate that predictors vary with the status of the students (undergraduates versus incoming freshmen) and nature of smoking (lifetime versus current smoking). The results …

Re-Visiting The May 2008 Xenophobic Attacks In South Africa, Jephias Matunhu

African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies

Xenophobia is a latent or obtrusive dislike of foreigners. It is anti-social and destructive of property and life. Xenophobic attacks in South Africa, which started around mid May in 2008 in the informal settlements of Alexandria claimed 62 lives. Thousands of foreigners were left homeless. What triggered the xenophobic attacks on foreigners? Better still, what can be done to stop xenophobia and xenophobic attacks in South Africa? This desktop research provides responses to these questions.

Exposure To Cloudburst In Leh: Post Traumautic Stress Disorder And Associated Factors, Ruby Charak, Lundup Spalzes

Psychological Science Faculty Publications

Disasters of any nature whether man made or due to nature's fury are well known to cause a variety of psychological sequelae. One such natural disaster took place in August 2010 in Leh, when cloudburst triggering torrential rains, flash floods and mud slides struck Leh town of Ladakh causing massive destruction to flora and fauna. The present study aims to gauge the effect of number of trauma events previously faced by an individual, positive affect, negative affect and social support on Post Trauma Stress Disorder (PTSD) among 98 (48 female & 50 male) residents of Leh who were exposed to …

Individualism And Collectivism In A Korean Population, Diana D. Ahn

Scripps Senior Theses

Though much research has been conducted concerning the horizontal and vertical attributes of individualism and, not much has been done comparing and contrasting an Eastern culture, collectivism to a specific aspect of American culture, individualism, such as Korean American. The 32-item INDCOL scale was used to measure the 4 attributes (Singelis et al., 1995). Contrary to the proposed hypothesis, this study found high scores in horizontal individualism in Korean American participants and high scores in horizontal individualism and horizontal collectivism in Korean participants. These results could indicate a shift towards a different attribute in the Korean and Korean American community.

Genetic Influence On The Working Memory Circuitry: Behavior, Structure, Function And Extensions To Illness, Katherine H. Karlsgodt, Peter Bachman, Anderson M. Winkler, Carrie E. Bearden, David C. Glahn

School of Medicine Publications

Working memory is a highly heritable complex cognitive trait that is critical for a number of higher-level functions. However, the neural substrates of this behavioral phenotype are intricate and it is unknown through what precise biological mechanism variation in working memory is transmitted. In this review we explore different functional and structural components of the working memory circuitry, and the degree to which each of them is contributed to by genetic factors. Specifically, we consider dopaminergic function, glutamatergic function, white matter integrity and gray matter structure all of which provide potential mechanisms for the inheritance of working memory deficits. In …

"The Course Fit Us": Differentiated Instruction In The College Classroom, Mary Volesky Dosch

Theses and Dissertations

Differentiated instruction is a learner-centered philosophy of teaching based on Tomlinson’s research, but stems from a constructivist belief espoused by Dewey, Piaget, and Vygotsky. Through consideration of three diagnostic areas: readiness, interests, and learning profiles, a teacher differentiates how diverse students access the material (content), how students make sense of the material (process), and how students demonstrate their learning (product).

Differentiated instruction has been used successfully at the elementary, middle, and high school levels showing quantitative improvements for diverse students. A limited number of qualitative studies on differentiated instruction exist at the college level, with even fewer quantitative studies.

The …

Implementation Of A First-Year Seminar: Retention And Student Views Of Advising And Engagement At A Small Midwestern University, Kristi Bitz

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore student perceptions of a first-year seminar course as well as academic advising and other student engagement activities before and after the implementation of a first-year seminar course at a small Midwestern university. Retention rates prior to and after the implementation of the first-year seminar course were considered and comparisons of retention rates for students who completed the first-year seminar with students who did not complete the course were analyzed.

Research questions included:

1. What were student perceptions with regard to the first-year seminar course?

2. Was there a difference in advising perceptions …

Education And Partnering With Coaching Staff And Medical Providers Regarding The Use Of Performance Enhancing Substances In The Adolescent Athletes, Tamala M. Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Crew Resource Management Training For Nurse Anesthesia Education, John P. Lonneman

Theses and Dissertations

Communication encores have been identified by The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organization (JCAHO) as the leading cause of wrong site operations and other sentinel events (Makary et al., 2006; Neily et al., 2009). Additionally, poor teamwork in the OR results in higher morbidity and mortality (Mazzocco et al., 2009). The aviation industry has used the concepts of Crew Resource Management (CRM) for more than 20 years to reduce accidents caused by human factors (Rivers, Swain & Nixon, 2003). CRM focuses on communication, leadership, decision making and resource management to achieve safe outcomes. CRM has been shown to lower …

Attitudes And Perceptions Of Early Childcare Professionals In Community-Based Programs In Regard To Inclusion Of Children With Disabilities, Catherine Parker

Honors Theses

The purpose of the study was to determine why early care and education facilities are not identified as inclusive. This study compared the differences in attitude toward inclusive programming among directors, preschool teachers, and infant/toddler teachers in early care and education facilities. This study addressed two questions in regard to the attitudes and perceptions of early childhood professionals. First, what are the attitudes of early childhood professionals toward advantages and disadvantages of inclusive classrooms and how their attitudes may differ depending on staff position? Second, what are the major obstacles identified by early childhood professionals to inclusive programming and how …

Investigating The Role Of God Attachment, Adult Attachment And Emotion Regulation In Binge Eating, Angela Charpia Weaver

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Using a cross-sectional, self-report research design, this study examined a non-clinical population of 175 college women between the ages of 18-28 at a private, Christian university. A Pearson correlation matrix confirmed significant linear relationships between binge eating symptoms, emotion regulation, adult attachment insecurity and God attachment insecurity. A hierarchical multiple regression model determined that God attachment insecurity does not contribute unique variance toward binge eating symptoms after controlling for emotion regulation and adult attachment insecurity. Because God attachment insecurity was correlated to emotion regulation and adult attachment insecurity, and weakly correlated to binge eating symptoms without contributing unique variance, this …

Single Parenting And Faith: Does It Have An Influence On Their College-Aged Children's Life Outcomes?, Starla Kay Quinn

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Nearly 60 percent of America's children will spend part of their childhood in a single parent family in one form or another. Past research has examined correlations between spirituality and mental as well as physical health. In addition, there is a marginal amount of study regarding the parental influence of faith on child outcomes in two-parent families. A quantitative study utilizing a cross-sectional design was employed. Data analysis was completed employing a series of multiple regressions to ascertain the correlations of the aforementioned constructs. The study revealed that parental religious commitment to faith was significantly correlated with the development of …

Race, Gender, And Tokenism In Policing: An Empirical Elaboration, Meghan S. Stroshine, Steven G. Brandl

Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

According to tokenism theory, “tokens” (those who comprise less than 15% of a group’s total) are expected to experience a variety of hardships in the workplace, such as feelings of heightened visibility, isolation, and limited opportunities for advancement. In the policing literature, most previous studies have defined tokenism narrowly in terms of gender. The current research extends prior research by examining tokenism as a function of gender and race, with an examination of racial/ethnic subgroups. Particular attention is paid to Latino officers as this study represents the first known study of tokenism and Latino police officers. Quantitative analyses reveal that, …

Don't Argue With The Members, Jaber F. Gubrium, James A. Holstein

Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Mel Pollner regularly cautioned researchers not to argue with the members of settings under consideration. He warned against substituting the researcher’s meaning for the meanings of those being studied. This article discusses facets of the caution as they relate to the research process. Seemingly simple, the tenet is nuanced in application. The article adds to the nuance by distinguishing what is called the “replacement” of meaning with the “displacement” of meaning, providing a way of understanding what members could mean if the contexts and settings of their accounts were taken into consideration.

Gendered Violence And The Ethics Of Social Science Research, Sameena A. Mulla, Heather R. Hlavka

Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The issue of ethical conduct in research settings is important and complex. As tenure-track researchers who study gendered violence, we found Clark and Walker’s discussion provocative, thoughtful, and interesting. They urge researchers to attend both to the structural dynamics of research carried out under the pressures of tenure and promotion while advocating an ethical frame that draws attention to the limited definition of risk or harm that animates typical human subjects research. Victims of violence, they argue, should not be subjected to a standardized understanding of risk. A broader framework is needed, one that brings into conversation virtue ethics with …

A Qualitative Study On The Experiences Black Adolescent Females Have With Cyber-Bullying In An Urban High School Environment, Paul Miller

Education Doctoral

This study examines and analyzes the effects of cyberbullying among adolescent Black females in an urban setting. This population is largely excluded from Digital Youth Culture (DYC) research within cyberbullying literature (Patchin & Hinduja, 2006), even though such research is clearly warranted. To understand school violence, students must be viewed as social actors, experiencing the negative ramifications of DYC in school. These ramifications result from an imbalance of power generated through the use of aggressive tactics designed to damage a teen’s reputation, social status, and emotional well being. Currently, no research reports how cyberbullying manifests itself in an urban context, …

A Phenomenological Study Of “Organizational Development Targeting Diversity” In A Nonprofit Human Service Organization, Christopher Henry Hinesley

Education Doctoral

This study explores the experiences of non-profit human service staff members engaged in “organizational development targeting diversity” (ODTD) for two years or more. This term was adapted by combining concepts in workforce diversity management (Cox, 1993; Ely & Thomas, 1996) and intra-organizational oppression (Fine, 1996; Hyde, 1998). Drawing upon Crenshaw’s (1989) theory of intersecting oppressions stemming from race, class, and gender stratification, the experiences of staff members in a nonprofit human services organization provided a window into an organization attempting to address its use of power and how to model empowerment for a disempowered clientele. This study was conducted using …

Cultivating Readiness For Professional Learning Community Through Learning Teams In A Restructuring High School, Cassandra H. Hyacinthe

Education Doctoral

The traditional organizational structure of large comprehensive high schools: departmental divisions, teacher isolation, fragmented subcultures, student alienation, and competing group interests have undermined student and adult learning and have thwarted attempts at school reform. Professional learning communities (PLCs) are a promising strategy for advancing student achievement and school reform. Schools with strong PLCs foster a collaborative culture, focus on learning, promote shared responsibility, and pursue results-oriented goals and assessments to ensure student academic gains. The study investigated the use of learning teams as a preliminary strategy for PLC and to inform school-wide PLC implementation in a restructuring high school. Wenger’s …

The Lived Experiences Of Families Who Have Attended A Cardiogenetics Clinic, Esma D. Paljevic

Education Doctoral

This study explored the lived experiences of the family members who have participated in a Cardiogenetics Clinic at The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, which utilizes an interprofessional approach to care. A qualitative phenomenological approach was used to explore the lived experience of the families. Families that are referred to the clinic have suffered the loss of a family member to sudden cardiac death (SCD). This interprofessional model of care offers information regarding SCD, a genetic profile to determine risk for SCD, an integrative collaborative approach to care as well as nursing, medical interventions, psychological support, and counseling. The theory of …

The Effect Of Safety Climate, Teamwork, And Sustainable Motivation On Nurse Job Satisfaction And Intent To Stay, M'Lynda Owens

Nursing Theses and Dissertations

Nursing is a hazardous occupation, and occupational safety in healthcare, particularly hospitals, is gaining attention. The Institute of Medicine (2003) ranked hospitals in the top five industries for occupational injuries and illness. This study explored the relationship between sustained motivation in nurses as depicted by their perceptions of workplace safety climate, teamwork climate, and autonomy and their job satisfaction and intent to stay at their current jobs. Sustained motivation was manifested as the ability of the nurses to consistently and persistently attend to routine activities such as actions to ensure safety. Over one-third (36%) of the variance in sustained motivation …

Environmental Impact Of The Three Kids Mine Tailings, Henderson, Nv, Ji Hye Park

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

This research focused on the distribution of the Three Kids Mine tailings in surface soils in and around the mine in Henderson, Nevada. It is situated next to the communities of Calico Ridge and Lake Las Vegas Resort, and, just the west of the Lake Mead Recreation area. Even though the mine has been inactive for almost 50 years (1917-1961), tailing piles and other sources of contamination on the mine are currently exposed to the atmosphere. In this study, surface soil samples were collected along eight transects emanating from the center of Three Kids Mine tailing piles up to five …

Place, Purpose, And Practice: A Case Study Examining Rural Teachers’ Sense Of Community And Its Impact In The Classroom, Faith Beyer Hansen

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

In an era in which education policy directs schools towards economic outcomes and away from local and/or community goals, this research is rooted in the notion that place matters (Howley & Howley, 1995). More specifically, this study examines what impact a rural teacher’s sense of community has on her experiencing both the broader community, the community of her individual classroom, and on her practice.

This collective case study followed six teachers in one rural middle school in the mountain west. Participants were nominated using a Sense of Community Index (SCI-2) and fell into the following categories: teachers with a low, …

Happiness And Time Preference: The Effect Of Positive Affect In A Random-Assignment Experiment, John Ifcher, Homa Zarghamee

Economics

We conduct a random-assignment experiment to investigate whether positive affect impacts time preference, where time preference denotes a preference for present over future utility. Our result indicates that, compared to neutral affect, mild positive affect significantly reduces time preference over money. This result is robust to various specification checks, and alternative interpretations of the result are considered. Our result has implications for the effect of happiness on time preference and the role of emotions in economic decision making, in general. Finally, we reconfirm the ubiquity of time preference and start to explore its determinants. (JEL D12, D83, I31)

Capability Development In Support Of Comprehensive Approaches: Transforming International Civil-Military Interactions, Derrick J. Neal, Linton Wells Ii, Rosa Akbari, Torsten Björkman, Ralph Doughty, Henrik Friman, John P. Geis Ii, Neville R. Gregory, Ted Hailes, Grant Hammond, John E. Herbst, Richard L. Hughes, Hans-Jürgen Kasselmann, Elizabeth Lape, Richard T. Menhinick, Derrick J. Neal, Terry J. Pudas, Ted Rybeck, Velizar Shalamanov, Jon Stull

Books and Book Chapters

This book is the product of the Second International Transformation (ITX2) Conference, held in Rome, Italy, at the NATO Defense College (NDC) in June 2011.

How Money For Legal Scholarship Disadvantages Feminism, Martha T. Mccluskey

Journal Articles

A dramatic infusion of outside money has shaped legal theory over the last several decades, largely to the detriment of feminist theory. Nonetheless, the pervasive influence of this funding is largely ignored in scholarly discussions of legal theory. This denial helps reinforce the marginal position of feminist scholarship and of women in legal theory. Conservative activists and funders have understood the central role of developing community culture and institutions, and have helped shift the prevailing framework for discussion of many questions of theory and policy through substantial investments in law-and-economics centers and in the Federalist Society. Comparing the institutional resources …

Huck Finn, Robot Jim And John Denver: Language, Young Man!, John M. Rudy

Interpreting the Civil War: Connecting the Civil War to the American Public

I'll be teaching a section of Civil War Era Studies 205, Intro to the Civil War Era at Gettysburg College this spring. I had been puzzling over my book list for the past month or two, trying to decide which tomes to assign to students who need an overview of the era and a firm grounding in the four Civil War historical schools: social, military, political and memory. While Drew Gilpin Faust and Charles Dew have drifted onto and off of and back onto my list as I've been planning, one firm holdout has always been Adventures of Huckleberry Finn …

Instructional Accommodations For Students With Asperger Syndrome In The General High School Classroom, Myrna Baylis

Dissertations, Masters Theses, Capstones, and Culminating Projects

General education teachers in the secondary sector are held responsible for adapting their lessons and classroom environment for students with Asperger Syndrome. With the growing number of students within the autism spectrum disorder being placed in general education classrooms, teachers are faced with yet another challenge in making their curriculum inclusive. It has been my observation that teachers who have no prior training or knowledge of Asperger Syndrome struggle with making instructional accommodations to ensure these students reach their greatest potential. This study is intended to describe what secondary high school teachers are doing to differentiate instruction for their students …

More Than Memories? Schema Transference From Media Characters To Real People, Hilary Ray

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study focused on whether personality traits and evaluations of television personalities are used to make inferences about new Social interaction partners. It tested the hypothesis that priming schemas of television personalities will bias inferences made about a stranger. The results were mixed. Participants in the experimental condition made more biased inferences about a stranger than did participants in the control condition. This transference was not influenced by participants' parasociability, and methodological limitations prevented conclusive study of the influence of affective evaluations in this effect. Future studies should attempt to increase methodological control and introduce a diverse set of measures …

Norms And Survival In The Heat Of War: Normative Versus Instrumental Rationalities And Survival Tactics In The Blockade Of Leningrad, Jeffrey K. Hass

Sociology and Anthropology Faculty Publications

When war challenges civilian survival, what shapes the balance between normative and instrumental rationalities in survival practices? Increasing desperation and uncertainty can lead civilians to focus on their own material interests and to violate norms in the name of survival or gain—to the detriment of the war effort and of other civilians. Do norms, boundaries against transgressions, and considerations of collective interests and identities persist, and, if so, through what mechanisms? Using diaries and recollections from the 872-day Blockade of Leningrad (1941–1944)—an extreme case of wartime desperation—this article examines how three forms of cultural embeddedness shape variation in the strength …

Ipulse: December 2011, Lynn University

Student Newspapers

Issues:

• December 1, 2011
• December 5, 2011
• December 6, 2011
• December 7, 2011