Digital Commons Network^™

What Is Securities Fraud?, Samuel W. Buell

Duke Law Journal

As Rule 10b-5 approaches the age of seventy, deep familiarity with this supremely potent and consequential provision of American administrative law has obscured its lack of clear conceptual content. The rule, as written, interpreted, and enforced, is missing a fully developed connection to—of all things—fraud. Fraud is difficult to define. Several approaches are plausible. But the law of securities fraud, and much of the commentary about that body of law, has neither attempted such a definition nor acknowledged its necessity to the coherence and effectiveness of the doctrine.

Securities fraud’s lack of mooring in a fully developed concept of fraud …

Modeling Social Strength In Social Media Community Via Kernel-Based Learning, Jinfeng Zhuang, Tao Mei, Steven C. H. Hoi, Xian-Sheng Hua, Shipeng Li

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Modeling continuous social strength rather than conventional binary social ties in the social network can lead to a more precise and informative description of social relationship among people. In this paper, we study the problem of social strength modeling (SSM) for the users in a social media community, who are typically associated with diverse form of data. In particular, we take Flickr---the most popular online photo sharing community---as an example, in which users are sharing their experiences through substantial amounts of multimodal contents (e.g., photos, tags, geo-locations, friend lists) and social behaviors (e.g., commenting and joining interest groups). Such heterogeneous …

Galaxy Browser: Exploratory Search Of Web Videos, Lei Pang, Song Tan, Hung-Khoon Tan, Chong-Wah Ngo

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Most search engines return a ranked list of items in response to a query. The list however tells very little about the relationship among items. For videos especially, users often read to spend significant amount of time to navigate the search result. Exploratory search presents a new paradigm for browsing where the browser takes up the role of information exploring and presents a well-organized browsing structure for users to navigate. The proposed interface Galaxy Browser adopts the recent advances in near-duplicate detection and then synchronizes the detected near-duplicate information with comprehensive background knowledge derived from online external resources. The result …

Linear Electromagnetic Energy Scavenging Device Designed In Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramics, Hope A. Bateman

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

For a soldier deployed in a remote location on the earth or a recreational hiker in the wilderness or a wild land firefighter battling a destructive wildfire, access to a power source is problematic. Local and regional communication systems, navigation, lights, imaging: all of these require a power source. For short time periods, batteries may be sufficient but with extended time periods the weight of the batteries and cost of replacement becomes a problem. Energy scavenging devices could fill this need and be used as a secondary power source when solar or batteries are not available.

A linear electromagnetic generator …

An Inertial Measurement System For Hand And Finger Tracking, Edward Nelson Henderson

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

The primary Human Computer Interfaces (HCI) today are the keyboard and mouse. These interfaces do not facilitate a fluid flow of thought and intent from the operator to the computer. A computer mouse provides only 2 Degrees of Freedom (2DOF). Touch interfaces also provide 2DOF, but with multiple points, making the touch interface far more expressive. The hand has 6 Degrees of Freedom (6DOF)by itself. Combined with the motion of the fingers, the hand has the potential to represent a vast array of differing gestures. Hand gestures must be captured before they can be used as a HCI. Fortunately, advances …

Spark Plasma Sintering Of Tungsten And Tungsten-Ceria: Microstructures And Kinetics, Jeffrey Bryce Perkins

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Tungsten casting is impractical, and tungsten compacts are most often produced by press-and-sinter or by hot pressing. The temperatures typically required to sinter tungsten above 90% dense are above 1800 ºC, and sintering times are typically hours. Alternatively, spark plasma sintering (SPS) can be used to consolidate materials to high densities at lower temperatures and shorter times than traditional sintering techniques. In this study, pure tungsten and tungsten with 1, 4, 10, 15, and 20 weight percent ceria were spark plasma sintered at varying pressures, temperatures, and times to investigate the microstructures and the kinetics of sintering.

Densification of tungsten …

Laser Particulate Counter Calibration To A Micro-Orifice Uniform-Deposit Impactor, Benjamen Fredrich Seely

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

In semi-arid regions, like southwest Idaho, snowmelt is a significant source of water. Anthropogenic activities continue to increase demand for this vital natural resource. Water resource managers must be able to quantify both the timing and quality of snowmelt. Atmospheric contaminants can deposit on the snow, altering its physical properties. For example, deposition of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) can cause snow to darken, thereby increasing radiative forcing on the snowpack, potentially causing a change in snowmelt timing.

This research is to calibrate a laser particulate counter (LPC) to a federal reference standard. The LPC provides real-time PM concentration data and …

Improved Heat Transfer Coefficient Data For Gas Turbine Cooling Channels Using Inverse Methods, Tommy Kurt Smith

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Determination of heat transfer in channel flow is important in many fields, with particular interest to this research being the cooling channels in gas turbine engine blades. Validation of gas turbine engine design is an essential step in their development process. Accurate knowledge of heat transfer that occurs within turbine blades during their operation allows for reduction of thermal stresses, increasing blade life and energy efficiency. Measuring heat flux, q, directly is difficult, so it is often calculated based on Newton‟s Law of Cooling.

Use of thermochromic liquid crystals (TLCs) in determining heat transfer coefficients h is common, as …

Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model In Context, Geert Hofstede

Online Readings in Psychology and Culture

This article describes briefly the Hofstede model of six dimensions of national cultures: Power Distance, Uncertainty Avoidance, Individualism/Collectivism, Masculinity/Femininity, Long/Short Term Orientation, and Indulgence/Restraint. It shows the conceptual and research efforts that preceded it and led up to it, and once it had become a paradigm for comparing cultures, research efforts that followed and built on it. The article stresses that dimensions depend on the level of aggregation; it describes the six entirely different dimensions found in the Hofstede et al. (2010) research into organizational cultures. It warns against confusion with value differences at the individual level. It concludes …

Effect Of Vanadium On Subcritical Heat Treatment Behavior Of Hypoeutectic 16 Wt% Cr Cast Iron Containing 2 Wt% Mo, R Junsamoot, S Inthidech, K Sriprateep, P Sricharoenchai, Y Matsubara

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Subcritical heat treatment of austenite in alloyed cast iron by tempering at the temperature below pearlite transformation (A1), has been used to improve matrix hardness without hardening. Hypoeutectic high chromium cast irons containing 16 wt% Cr - 2 wt% Mo without and with V were prepared in order to clarify the effect of holding temperature and holding time on behavior of hardness and decomposition fraction of austenite in matrix (f) in subcritical heat treatment. As-cast specimens were held at temperature from 723 K to 923 K for 14.4 - 43.2 ks, and then cooled by fan air. In the as-cast …

Ni Electroless Plating Of Abs Polymer By Palladium And Tin-Free Process, P Dechasit, W Trakarnpruk

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

A palladium and tin-free process for the Ni electroless plating of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer has been developed. The ABS was first etched then activated with Ni (or Co) ions. Ni or Co adsorbed was quantified by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Sodium borohydride solution was found to be effective in reduction of Ni (or Co) ions. By immersing in a Ni plating bath the Co (or Ni) can then auto-catalytically deposit a Ni film on the ABS. The amount and thickness of Ni film determined by SEM-EDX were the highest when using 3 g/L of nickel acetate solution, 0.5 M sodium borohydride …

Multi-Properties Of Chitosan/Montmorillonite Composite Films Incorporated With Virgin And Modified Montmorillonite, S Kittinaovarat, W Nitayaphat, N Jiratumnukul, S Charuchinda

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Chitosan (CTS) composite films were prepared by blending CTS with virgin or modified montmorillonite (vMMT or mMMT, respectively) and then spin coating. XRD analysis showed a good intercalation of CTS and the mMMT in the depolymerized 15 kDa CTS/mMMT composite. The tensile strength and rigidity of the CTS/vMMT and CTS/mMMT composite films increased, whilst the elongation at break decreased, with increasing levels of vMMT or, especially, mMMT from 0.1 to 2% (w/w). Both types of CTS/MMT composite films displayed a decreased oil and water absorption with increasing levels of incorporated vMMT or mMMT. Some aggregation of vMMT but not mMMT …

Recovery Of Zinc From The Spent Zinc-Carbon Dry Cell Batteries Through Pyrometallurgical Route, M Haque Khan, Asw Kurny

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Spent zinc-carbon batteries of all the five types (AAA, AA, C, D and 9V) were processed to recover zinc metal. All the components of the battery were separated, chemically analyzed and the anodic zinc parts were subjected to pyrometallurgical processing. Extraction of zinc was negligible when no fluxing agent was used. However, extent of recovery increased significantly when chloride salts: sodium chloride, calcium chloride and ammonium chloride were used as a fluxing agent. Among these, ammonium chloride gave the best result as flux. Using 10 %wt. of each flux, extraction of zinc was 90% for ammonium chloride, and around 75% …

Preparation Of Copper Lead Frame By Powder Metallurgy Technique, P Y. Chew, A H. You, T R. Vijayaram, B K. See, P S. Lim, M C. Ng

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

Pure Cu is prepared with the dimension of 17.7 mm in diameter and 10 - 15 mm in height using powder metallurgical method to characterize its electrical and mechanical properties. These samples are compacted at a constant pressure of 280 MPa. Pure Cu pellets are sintered at 600C and 950C for 3, 4 and 7 hours. Before sintering, pure Cu pellet is subjected to SEM in order to check the compactness of the pellet, and also the grain structure of the Cu. All the pellets with different temperatures are re-weighed and sintered density are calculated after sintering. Besides that, porosity …

4-(N,N-Diethylamino)Benzaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone As Corrosion Inhibitor For 6061 Al - 15 Vol. Pct. Sic(P) Composite And Its Base Alloy, G M. Pinto, J Nayak, A N. Shetty

Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals

The inhibitive action of 4-(N,N-diethylamino)benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (DEABT) on the corrosion behavior of 6061 Al -15 vol. pct. SiC(p) composite and its base alloy was studied at different temperatures in sulfuric acid medium containing varying concentrations of it, using Tafel extrapolation and AC impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Results showed that DEABT was an effective inhibitor, showing inhibition efficiency of 80 % in 0.5 M sulfuric acid. The adsorption of DEABT on both the composite and the base alloy was found to be through physisorption obeying Langmuirs adsorption isotherm.The thermodynamic parameters such as free energy of adsorption and activation parameters were calculated.

Fuzzy-Genetic Controller For Congestion Avoidance In Computer Networks, Mohammed Z., Ali M. Mahmood

Iraqi Journal of Computers, Communications, Control and Systems Engineering

In this paper a fuzzy proportional-Integral (FPI) controller is designed as an Active Queue Management (AQM) in internet routers to improve the performance of PI controller for congestion avoidance in computer networks. Firstly the parameters of FPI controller are selected by trial and error method, but to get the best controller parameters the Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used as an optimization method for tuning the FPI parameters. The analytical results for linearized TCP/AQM model are presented in MATLAB version 7.0. From the obtained results, a faster response time as well as the regulation of the output to a constant value …

Conversion Of English Characters Into Braille Using Neural Network, Mohammed Y., Ahmed G. Mohammed

Iraqi Journal of Computers, Communications, Control and Systems Engineering

The Braille system is a method that is widely used by blind people to read and write. Braille generally consists of cells of raised dots arranged in a grid. The presence or absence of dots can be sensed by the blind people’s fingertips to give them the coding for the symbol. The electronic reVolution is changing the way Braille is produced, stored and retrieved, making it easier to use in the work place. All kinds of materials can be put into Braille, from bank statements, bus timetables, maps to music. But it is still difficult to produce an error-free Braille …

Design And Simulation Of Fuzzy Like Pd Controller For Autonomous Mobile Robot, Muna H., Mazin Z. Othman, Arif A. Al-Qassar

Iraqi Journal of Computers, Communications, Control and Systems Engineering

Mobile robot is a mechanical device capable of moving in an environment with a certain degree of autonomy. The main goal of this work is to design, and simulate an intelligent controller for autonomous mobile robot named Fuzzy like PD Controller, as the test bed for future development of an intelligent vehicle. The fuzzy algorithm was implemented using a combination of three different units of fuzzy logic systems that controls two identical DC servo motors to implement the requirements of the safety navigation of the mobile robot. The paper implies computer simulations in MATLAB platform using a step input to …

Preservation Without Restoration: The Case For Ruins, Sydney Schoof

Historic Preservation Theses

The ruins are often an overlooked topic in historic preservation. The typical method of treatment is either full restoration or demolition. However, some ruins have gained significance in their own right and this thesis explores appropriate treatment and recognition for these structures. Ruins typically represent a historical trend toward downsizing that would not be otherwise visible and are therefore eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places under criterion A, though criterion C may also be applicable as the aesthetics of ruins are often much admired and become the primary reason for local and even national interest in …

The Invasive Biology Of The Talitrid Amphipod Platorchestia Platensis In North West Europe, Rebekah Simpson

The Plymouth Student Scientist

The talitrid amphipod Platorchestia platensis (Kröyer, 1845) is an invasive species which has been spreading along European coasts over the last 150 years. This paper will review what is known of the distribution of P. platensis to date, before discussing potential distribution methods, evaluating potential management strategies and providing a perspective on the future distribution of this species. Despite P. platensis having worldwide distribution, very little is known about its invasive history. It has been established that the most likely methods of dispersal for P. platensis are on currents and in ballast water, though further research is needed. Although dispersal …

Marine Invertebrates In Hypoxia: Developmental, Behavioural, Physiological And Fitness Responses, Rebecca Loddington

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Hypoxia is occurring in the marine environment all around the world as a result of human activities and natural biological processes such as eutrophication and water stratification. Low levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) can result in mass mortality and disruption for marine organisms. In this paper the effects of hypoxia (<5mg O2 l -1 ) will be reviewed focusing on developmental, behavioural, physiological and fitness responses of marine invertebrates. Differences in the units used and thresholds when measuring hypoxia, by different researchers, make comparisons difficult. It is clear that negative effects are being observed at higher levels than the 2.8mg O2 l -1 threshold previously proposed by Diaz and Rosenberg. Many responses to hypoxia seem to not affect marine invertebrates directly, but result in a decrease in reproductive output and physiological mechanisms for surviving long-term hypoxia seem to be poorly understood. More research should be completed above the 2.8mg O2 l1 threshold, and a priority should be quantifying the effects of hypoxia. Therefore, management targets can be enforced and a positive step can be made to combat hypoxia.

The Effect Of An Invasive Species On Predation Rates Upon Intertidal Barnacles, Rachel Linaker

The Plymouth Student Scientist

Non-indigenous species invasions are considered a large threat to native biota however the effects of which have been relatively understudied with respect to intertidal systems. Current literature surrounds the movement of species, however relatively little attempt has been made to quantify the effect. Using the invasive oyster drill Ocenebra erinacea and the native dogwhelk Nucella lapillus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of an invasive species‟ on predation rates over a one-week period feeding on the intertidal barnacle Chthamalus montagui. This was conducted by testing for the effects of increased conspecific density (abundance increase) and biodiversity (species number/identity) against …

Following The Principles: Case Studies In Operations Other Than War, 1945-1999, Kevin Joseph Dougherty

Dissertations

In the post-World War II-era, operations other than war (OOTW) were the types of conflict most commonly faced by the United States. This term for what had previously been called by such names as small wars and low intensity conflict was incorporated in the Army’s capstone manual, Field Manual (FM) 100-5, Operations, in 1993. Field Manual 100-5 also listed objective, unity of effort, legitimacy, perseverance, restraint, and security as the six principles of OOTW. An analysis of eight OOTWs that occurred between 1945 and 1999 indicates that the balanced application of these principles is a reliable predicator of the operation’s …

Disparate Impact After Ricci And Lewis., Michael K. Grimaldi

The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice

Abstract Forthcoming.

Using International Human Rights Law To Combat Racial Discrimination In The U.S. Criminal Justice System., Terrence Rogers

The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice

Statistics tend to show Black people commit most of the crime in the United States. Those statistics fail to account for unequal treatment of minorities at each stage of the criminal justice system. This unequal treatment may take the form of buy-and-bust operations, racial profiling, street sweeps, and other police activities which target people in low-income communities populated mainly by minorities. The American criminal justice system contains a cyclical, self-perpetuating aspect to the treatment of certain minorities. These perceptions direct a disproportionate amount of law enforcement attention on minorities, which leads to disproportionate arrests of minorities. The result shows racial …

The Role Of Verbal Working Memory In New Word Learning In Toddlers 24 To 30 Months Old, France Weill

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Pittsburg State University Annual Commencement, December 2011, Pittsburg State University

Commencement, 1903-Present

Program of undergraduate and graduate commencement exercises at Pittsburg State University on December of 2011

Online Nutrition Education: Enhancing Opportunities For Limited-Resource Learners, Patty Case, Mary Cluskey, Jeff Hino

Journal of Extension

Delivering nutrition education using the Internet could allow educators to reach larger audiences at lower cost. Low-income adults living in a rural community participated in focus groups to examine their interest in, experience with, and motivators to accessing nutrition education online. This audience described limited motivation in seeking formal nutrition education. However, they were interested in relevant, compelling tools emphasizing cooking and saving money. The likelihood of using the Internet for food/nutrition information was influenced by website characteristics. The insights from the study will help educators design online tools that capture and sustain the interest of low-income clientele.

First Mover: Otto Struve And The Use Of Scientific Capital In Astrophysics, 1921–1950, Erik Paul Norquest

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

Otto Struve (1897-1963) came to the United States in 1921 and became one of the dominant personalities in the field of astrophysics. Struve’s career made him, in the words of sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, a “first mover” in a scientific field that was firmly engaged in the process of what Thomas Kuhn called “normal science.” Struve pulled astrophysics further away from its empirical roots in categorization and made it more like physics in its unification of theory and observation. The primary way that he accomplished this was through his administration of Yerkes and McDonald observatories, where he brought in theorists to …

An Investigation Into Temperature Trending In Railroad Tapered Roller Bearings Through Vibration Monitoring Techniques, Rafael Kristian Maldonado

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

A series of laboratory experiments have been conducted at The University of Texas-Pan American to investigate the cause of bearing “temperature trending.” A combination of theoretical and experimental studies has identified potential sources for the abrupt changes in temperature often seen in railroad bearings. Previous studies suggest the possibility of vibration induced roller misalignment as the root cause for temperature trending. Subsequent research conducted by the UTPA team was designed to provide evidence through vibration monitoring techniques for the proposed hypothesis. To that end, a dynamic bearing tester was used to run four bearings at various speeds and loads experienced …