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2011

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Evaluation Of A Biopesticide Against Invasive Species For Native Species Restoration, Denise Ann Mayer Jan 2011

Evaluation Of A Biopesticide Against Invasive Species For Native Species Restoration, Denise Ann Mayer

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Since their introduction in the 1980s, dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. rostriformis bugensis) rapidly spread throughout North America and have had severe impacts on the ecology of freshwater ecosystems. A project was initiated in the early 1990s at the New York State Museum's Field Research Laboratory to discover and develop natural products to control industrial biofouling by dreissenid mussels. A strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf-CL145A), isolated from the sediment of a North American river, was found to be effective at killing dreissenids. The strain was patented for this use.

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Structural Interactions And Dynamics Of Disease Related Proteins By Using Nmr Spectroscopy, Shadakshara Swamy Puttamadappa Jan 2011

Structural Interactions And Dynamics Of Disease Related Proteins By Using Nmr Spectroscopy, Shadakshara Swamy Puttamadappa

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is a powerful spectroscopic technique to study the structure, molecular interactions, and dynamics of proteins. Modern NMR instrumentation, advancements in experimental techniques and revolutionary developments in recombinant DNA technology have made NMR a versatile and very convenient tool for biomolecule characterization.

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A Comparative Evaluation Of Acceptance And Cognitive Restructuring Techniques For Coping With Acute Panicogenic Distress : An Experimental Evaluation In An Anxious Non-Clinical Sample, Erica Moses Jan 2011

A Comparative Evaluation Of Acceptance And Cognitive Restructuring Techniques For Coping With Acute Panicogenic Distress : An Experimental Evaluation In An Anxious Non-Clinical Sample, Erica Moses

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), an approach that emphasizes increasing perceptions of control and cognitive change through cognitive restructuring, has proven to be an efficacious treatment for panic disorder. However, significant proportions of patients fail to achieve clinically significant improvement. Acceptance, an alternative contextually-based approach to content- and change-based cognitive strategies, has gained popularity within the field. Research on the utility of acceptance-based strategies for anxiety is promising, particularly in comparison to control-based emotion regulation strategies, such as suppression and distraction. Yet, to date, no studies have rigorously compared acceptance-based strategies to analogs of cognitive-behavioral techniques. The present study is the first …

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In-Cell And In Vitro Studies Of Disease Related Protein-Protein Interactions Using Nmr-Spectroscopy, Andres Yudiel Maldonado Jan 2011

In-Cell And In Vitro Studies Of Disease Related Protein-Protein Interactions Using Nmr-Spectroscopy, Andres Yudiel Maldonado

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a multiligand cell surface macromolecule that plays a central role in the etiology of diabetes, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. The cytoplasmic domain of RAGE, ctRAGE, is critical for RAGE-dependent signal transduction. As the most membrane proximal event, mDia1 binds to ctRAGE and is essential for RAGE ligand-stimulated phosphorylation of AKT and cell proliferation/migration. We show that ctRAGE contains an unusual alpha-turn that mediates the mDia1-ctRAGE interaction and is required for RAGE dependent signaling. The results establish a novel mechanism through which an extracellular signal initiated by RAGE ligands regulates RAGE signaling in …

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Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat Jan 2011

Darwin's Other Idea : Sexual Selection, Gender And Violence, Robert Samuel Moschgat

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This dissertation provides an empirical exploration of Darwin's theory of sexual selection, which views the male propensity to engage in short term mating strategies--sexual promiscuity and violence--as the result of sexual selection. Within an environmental context, biological father and mother household presence are expected to inhibit the initiation of short-term mating strategies and increase parental investment--paternal and maternal attachments, supervision, and protection. Whereas, structural disadvantage--living in poverty and in dangerous neighborhoods--is predicted to increase the initiation of a short-term mating strategies and compromise the parents' ability to protect their children and by weakening paternal and maternal attachments, thereby increasing the …

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Creating Rna Aptamers To Modulate Function Of Human Estrogen Receptor Alpha, Daiying Xu Jan 2011

Creating Rna Aptamers To Modulate Function Of Human Estrogen Receptor Alpha, Daiying Xu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

ABSTRACT

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Applying X-Ray Microscopy And Finite Element Modeling (Fem) To Identify The Mechanism Of Stress-Assisted Void Growth In Through Silicon Via (Tsv), Lay Wai Kong Jan 2011

Applying X-Ray Microscopy And Finite Element Modeling (Fem) To Identify The Mechanism Of Stress-Assisted Void Growth In Through Silicon Via (Tsv), Lay Wai Kong

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Fabricating through-silicon vias (TSVs) is challenging, especially for conformally filled TSVs, often hampered by the seam line and void inside the TSVs. Stress-assisted void growth in TSVs has been studied by finite element stress modeling and X-ray computed tomography (XCT). Because X-ray imaging does not require TSVs to be physically cross-sectioned, the same TSV can be imaged before and after annealing. Using 8 keV laboratory-based XCT, voids formed during copper electroplating are observed in as-deposited samples and void growth is observed at the void location after annealing. We hypothesize that the mechanism generating voids is hydrostatic stress-assisted void growth. Stresses …

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A Biophysical Study Of Small Molecule-Nucleic Acid Interactions, Rajiv Thapa Jan 2011

A Biophysical Study Of Small Molecule-Nucleic Acid Interactions, Rajiv Thapa

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Nucleic acids are the biomolecules that encodes all the genetic information necessary for cellular metabolism. Binding of small molecules to DNA or RNA can alter their structures; perturb their functions as well as interactions with proteins and other ligands. This thesis focuses on the biophysical study of the interactions of three planar compounds with TAR 32 DNA (32 ntds DNA in HIV-1 LTR, Figure. The purpose for this study is to understand the binding modes of some of the potential drug target compounds, which will be useful for future rational drug design strategies.

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The Effect Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Cbt) On Driving While Intoxicated Offenders, Thomas P. Quinn Jan 2011

The Effect Of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (Cbt) On Driving While Intoxicated Offenders, Thomas P. Quinn

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Social work research on evidence based practices in the area of driving while intoxicated could add to the development of reasoned policies essential to resource allocation. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to evaluate differences over time in DWI recidivism among defendants with multiple DWI offenses after receiving a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) curriculum. A convenience sample of defendants on Probation supervision with histories of repeated DWI offenses (N = 286; m = 240, f = 46) were referred to the CBT program which was delivered by a clinical psychologist. Major findings included a significant difference at the .05 …

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Cardiovascular Reactivity And Recovery To Stressful Tasks Following A Mindfulness-Analog In College Students With A Family History Of Hypertension, Christoffer Grant Jan 2011

Cardiovascular Reactivity And Recovery To Stressful Tasks Following A Mindfulness-Analog In College Students With A Family History Of Hypertension, Christoffer Grant

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Ninety-seven undergraduate students with a family history of hypertension participated in a study that evaluated the effects of a brief mindfulness-induction on cardiovascular reactivity and recovery to two stressors. Participants were randomized to either a mindfulness-induction or control condition and were then exposed to the cold pressor task (CPT) followed by the mirror-tracing task (MT). Blood pressure and heart rate were measured at baseline, post-induction, as well as during and immediately following each stressor. There were no group differences in reactivity to either stressor. Participants in the mindfulness-analog condition experienced significantly greater latency to systolic blood pressure recovery following the …

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Distinct Functions Of The Fshr Ck2 Consensus Sequence And Ck2 Kinase Activity In Fsh Action, Kerri S. Kluetzman Jan 2011

Distinct Functions Of The Fshr Ck2 Consensus Sequence And Ck2 Kinase Activity In Fsh Action, Kerri S. Kluetzman

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Human reproduction in the female is a complex process requiring coordinated control of gonadotropic hormone signaling in a temporal, spatial and contextually defined manner. Paracrine and autocrine signaling between granulosa cells and oocytes of the developing ovarian follicle result in production of steroids, inhibin and growth factors that dictate maturation, ovulation or atresia. Follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulation of the FSH receptor (FSHR), a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) is a key regulator of these processes. Recent developments in GPCR molecular and structural biology have helped define activation and signaling mechanisms that will aid in further defining the etiology of infertility …

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A Breast Cancer Stem Cell Model Created From Mmtv-Pymt Mice Applicable To Human Breast Cancer, Denise Grant Lanza Jan 2011

A Breast Cancer Stem Cell Model Created From Mmtv-Pymt Mice Applicable To Human Breast Cancer, Denise Grant Lanza

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Cancer stem cells are the seeds of tumor growth, but there are limited cell-based methods that exist to study the properties of these cells. To create a model of breast cancer stem cells, we isolated tumors from MMTV-PyMT mice. Two out of the four different cell types isolated survived in culture, CD44+CD24- and CD24+CD49f+CD44low. We found that we could initiate tumors with as few as 10 cells injected subcutaneously in the hind leg or orthotopically in the cleared fat pad with CD24+ cells. However, we could not initiate tumors with injection of CD24- cells. We found a requirement for TICs …

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The Role Of Trm9 In Stress Responses, Ashish Ravindra Patil Jan 2011

The Role Of Trm9 In Stress Responses, Ashish Ravindra Patil

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Cells need to respond appropriately to environmental changes in order to maintain homeostasis. The cellular response to an environmental stress is regulated at transcriptional, translational and post translational levels. The tRNA, which acts as an adaptor molecule between the mRNA and the protein, plays an important role in the translational regulation of cellular responses to stress and is one of the most heavily modified biomolecules. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , the wobble uracil of the tRNA(3'-UCU-5') Arg, tRNA(3'-UUC-5') Glu and certain other specific tRNAs are modified to 5-methoxycarbonylmethyluridine (mcm5U) and 5-methoxycarbonylmethyl-2-thiouridine (mcm5s2U) residues by the tRNA methyltransferase 9 (Trm9). Modifications at …

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Maternal Caffeine Consumption And Risk Of Congenital Limb Deficiency Malformations, Lei Chen Jan 2011

Maternal Caffeine Consumption And Risk Of Congenital Limb Deficiency Malformations, Lei Chen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

ABSTRACT

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Regulation Of The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor And The Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 1 By Long-Term Estrogen Exposure In Breast Carcinoma Cells, Neal Englert Jan 2011

Regulation Of The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor And The Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 1 By Long-Term Estrogen Exposure In Breast Carcinoma Cells, Neal Englert

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The risk of developing breast cancer is known to be associated with a woman's lifetime exposure to estrogens, both endogenous and exogenous. Increased exposure to estrogens stimulates cellular proliferation, which is a widely accepted theory of estrogen receptor positive mammary carcinogenesis. The molecular mechanisms of gene expression regulation in response to long-term estrogen exposure (LTEE) of MCF-7 breast cancer cells were addressed in this study, with a focus on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1).

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Physiology Of Yawning : Proximate Mechanisms Supporting An Ultimate Function, Melanie Lee Shoup-Knox Jan 2011

Physiology Of Yawning : Proximate Mechanisms Supporting An Ultimate Function, Melanie Lee Shoup-Knox

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Recent research suggests that yawning functions to cool the brain during periods of mild hyperthermia. Evidence for this hypothesis is largely behavioral, and includes reports of increased yawning during increases in ambient temperature and times of stress as well as an amelioration of yawning upon nasal breathing and forehead cooling. Little research has been published on the physiological mechanisms supporting a brain cooling function, however. The current set of studies explores human and animal physiological parameters in search of evidence of brain cooling during yawning. In humans, heart rate, skin temperature, and skin conductance findings suggest that yawning involves an …

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Effect Of Parent Personal Experience On Views, Level Of Concern, And Reactions To Middle School Students' Bullying Behavior, Leigh A. Cooper Jan 2011

Effect Of Parent Personal Experience On Views, Level Of Concern, And Reactions To Middle School Students' Bullying Behavior, Leigh A. Cooper

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This study sought to generate a base of literature pertaining to parent historical experiences with bullying. Specifically, parent history of bullying was examined as a predictor of current perceptions, level of concern, and strategies used to prevent and intervene with bullying for middle school students. Parents from a public school district in the Northeast were invited to complete an online survey through letters distributed to their student and media-based announcements. Two-hundred-sixty participants provided viable responses. A series of hierarchical regression analyses were used to determine if parent history of involvement in bullying was predictive of their current responses to bullying.

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The P38 Alpha Stress-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway In Mammary Gland Development And Cancer, Huei-Chi Wen Jan 2011

The P38 Alpha Stress-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway In Mammary Gland Development And Cancer, Huei-Chi Wen

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Breast tumors arise from preinvasive lesions consisting of abnormal epithelial cells that accumulate within the mammary duct. However, the initiating steps and underlying pathways leading to the formation of these early stages of breast carcinoma, such as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), is not fully understood.

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Examining The Role Of Ethnicity In The Nature And Assessment Of Body Image In Men, Jason Matthew Lavender Jan 2011

Examining The Role Of Ethnicity In The Nature And Assessment Of Body Image In Men, Jason Matthew Lavender

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Although body image research has historically focused on dissatisfaction among women, studies within the past decade have begun to focus on body dissatisfaction among men, revealing important gender differences in the nature, conceptualization, and assessment of this construct. Despite recent advances in the research literature in this area, few studies have examined ethnic differences in male body image, and no information is available on the psychometric properties of many of the most widely used body image measures for samples of ethnic minority men. The purpose of the present research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Drive for Muscularity …

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Advanced Statistical Methods For Biochemical And Forensic Applications Of Raman Spectroscopy, Vitali Sikirzhytski Jan 2011

Advanced Statistical Methods For Biochemical And Forensic Applications Of Raman Spectroscopy, Vitali Sikirzhytski

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

This work is dedicated to the development and application of advanced statistical methods for biochemical and forensic applications of Raman spectroscopy. We developed a new concept of multidimensional Raman signatures for forensic identification of body fluid traces, which was successfully applied to the study of dried blood, semen, saliva, sweat and vaginal fluid stains. Several alternative advanced chemometric techniques were also successfully tested for the problems of pure body fluids discrimination and mixture analysis. Studies of body fluid mixtures with low blood and semen concentrations indicated that the detection limit of a minor contributor was as low as a few …

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Unstoppable? : A Closer Look At Terrorism Displacement, Henda Yao Hsu Jan 2011

Unstoppable? : A Closer Look At Terrorism Displacement, Henda Yao Hsu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Since T.A Repetto first introduced crime displacement in 1976, situational crime prevention researchers have long been challenged by the assumption that displacement is an unavoidable consequence of focused crime prevention measures. Despite evidence that criminals do not inevitably shift their offending behavior in response to crime prevention initiatives, recent efforts to extend situational prevention to terrorism have been met with criticisms of displacement. This study examines whether terrorists displace their attacks by changing their methods once the opportunities to carry out acts of terrorism are blocked. To accomplish this, the author examines, through the use of the newly synthesized Global …

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Structure And Function Of Coding And Non-Coding Rna Domains, Fei Liu Jan 2011

Structure And Function Of Coding And Non-Coding Rna Domains, Fei Liu

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

As a versatile molecule, RNA exhibits an astonishing variety of functional activities, which is typically attributed to its particular structure-forming capacity. There are an increasing number of established roles and systems where RNA structures, in particular, RNA pseudoknots, affect specific biological processes based on their structural features. The structure-function-relationships of RNA in three systems has been invesgated: the telomerase RNA pseudoknot domain from S. cerevisiae, a poteintial unusual H-type pseudoknot forming region near the 3'-splice-site in the influenza virus NS1 mRNA, and the 5'-untranslated-region of the CC16 mRNA where mutations in the wildtype sequence have been related to asthma. UV-monitored …

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Evaluating How New York Natural Heritage Program Information Affects Development Projects In New York State, Tara Salerno Jan 2011

Evaluating How New York Natural Heritage Program Information Affects Development Projects In New York State, Tara Salerno

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Is New York Natural Heritage Program (NYNHP) information used to affect land-use decisions in New York State? A seemingly simple question, yet it had no answer. The NYNHP maintains a comprehensive database on the status and location of rare species and significant natural communities throughout New York State. The NYNHP uses this database to provide information to consulting firms, project applicants, developers, local governments, state and federal agencies, private organizations, non-profits, the environmental conservation community, and the general public (together referred to as requestors) with the intent that such information will be used to aid in land-use decisions that will …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of Diallylic Polysulfanes And Study Toward The Synthesis Of Thiarubrine E, Kai Wang Jan 2011

Synthesis And Characterization Of Diallylic Polysulfanes And Study Toward The Synthesis Of Thiarubrine E, Kai Wang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Garlic oil contains diallyl polysulfanes as major components, which have been used as environmentally benign bird repellants and nematicides. While previous studies found that the biological activity of polysulfanes increases with numbers of sulfur atoms, higher diallyl polysulfanes are currently unavailable. A simple approach was developed, using liquid sulfur as a reagent, to the synthesis of diallyl polysulfanes containing chains of more than 20 sulfur atoms. This method was successfully applied to other diallylic disulfides and to garlic oil to give new families of polysulfanes. Some diallyl polysulfanes were isolated in a pure form by preparative high performance liquid chromatography …

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Applications Of Raman Spectroscopy For Silicon Stress Characterization In Integrated Circuits, Colin Mcdonough Jan 2011

Applications Of Raman Spectroscopy For Silicon Stress Characterization In Integrated Circuits, Colin Mcdonough

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

The introduction of mechanical stress in Si-based integrated circuits (ICs), whether desired or undesired, is intrinsic to IC fabrication. The origins are diverse and result from the numerous materials, geometries, and processes involved in fabrication. These stresses can lead to such effects as delamination, void formation and migration, and fracture, and can significantly affect device performance. As a result, stress development is a major concern for reliability, process control, and device design. It is necessary to investigate and characterize the origins and levels of the induced stresses. A more complete fundamental understanding of the evolution of stress in ICs and …

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The Value Of Human Life : An Individual-Level Determinant Of Violence, Maria Tcherni Jan 2011

The Value Of Human Life : An Individual-Level Determinant Of Violence, Maria Tcherni

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

My contribution to the study of causes of violence in criminology is introducing a theoretical concept of the Value of Life (VL) and developing an empirical solution to measuring it. The value that an individual implicitly assigns to the human life - both his/her own life and other people's lives - is a theoretical concept that synthesizes information about precursors, correlates, and determinates of violence. The VL concept provides a meaningful way to explain some phenomena not commonly associated with violent behavior (for example, reckless behavior with regard to one's health), while also illuminating some puzzling associations consistently found in …

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Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 : Interactions With The Cellular Proteasome And Microrna Pathways, Daniel Joseph Munson Jan 2011

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 : Interactions With The Cellular Proteasome And Microrna Pathways, Daniel Joseph Munson

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) is a human pathogen that is estimated to have infected 60-80% of the population worldwide, causing oral lesions, encephalitis, and blindness. Infection results in life-long latency of the virus, with periods of reactivation and symptomatic disease. Early in infection, HSV-1 induces the formation of replication compartments and VICE (virus induced chaperone enriched) domains within the nucleus. Adjacent to VICE domains, we observed foci which contained Mss1, a cellular protein normally associated with the proteasome. Mss1 belongs to the AAA-ATPase family of proteins, which have been shown to function in DNA repair, transcription, translation, and …

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Typically Developing Children's Attitudes Towards A Peer With Behaviors Indicative Of Autism, Lindsay A. Washington Jan 2011

Typically Developing Children's Attitudes Towards A Peer With Behaviors Indicative Of Autism, Lindsay A. Washington

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Although inclusive educational programming offers opportunities for increased contact between children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and typically developing peers, research indicates that children with ASD continue to struggle socially in these settings. One possible contributing factor could be the type of attitudes that typically developing peers hold regarding children with ASD. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether typically developing first grade children express rejecting attitudes towards a hypothetical peer with behaviors indicative of autism. This study employed a between-groups design and included 89 participants. Participating children viewed a brief video that depicted either a child …

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Advocating For Children In Care In A Climate Of Economic Recession: The Relationship Between Poverty And Child Maltreatment, Bruce A. Boyer, Amy E. Halbrook Jan 2011

Advocating For Children In Care In A Climate Of Economic Recession: The Relationship Between Poverty And Child Maltreatment, Bruce A. Boyer, Amy E. Halbrook

Northwestern Journal of Law & Social Policy

No abstract provided.

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Design And Application Of Composite Rna Aptamers, Shengchun Wang Jan 2011

Design And Application Of Composite Rna Aptamers, Shengchun Wang

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

aptamers are being developed as an essential tool in many fields of biological research. Their utility is not limited to being protein inhibitors; a lot of novel functions can be realized. However, in vivo application of RNA aptamers still faces many challenges. The aim of this dissertation is to design and apply composite aptamers in multiple expression and delivery systems to address some critical issues, such as correct folding, high level production, degradation by nucleases, excessive consumption of cellular resource and potential toxic effect.

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