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"The Universal Alliance Of All Peoples": Romantic Socialists, The Human Family, And The Defense Of Empire During The July Monarchy, 1830-1848, Naomi J. Andrews

History

This article documents the procolonial rhetoric among romantic socialists in France during the July Monarchy (1830-48), demonstrating its pervasiveness. It argues that these years must be highlighted as key to the transition from eighteenth-century universalist ideas of humanity toward taxonomies of national, racial, and sexual difference that underpinned the rationale of empire in the second half of the nineteenth century. It explores the views on colonialism espoused by socialists such as Etienne Cabet, Pierre Leroux, Constantin Pecqueur, and Jean Reynaud; situates them in the broad socialist consensus on empire; and demonstrates the relationship between these men's socialism and their colonialism. …

Passing Pains: Revenge, Retaliation, And Redirected Aggression In A New Light, Lixing Sun

Biology Faculty Scholarship

A review of David P. Barash and Judith Eve Lipton, Payback: Why We Retaliate, Redirect Aggression, and Take Revenge, Oxford University Press: New York, 2011, 209 pp., US$24.95, ISBN 019539514X (hardcover).

From Sound Bites To Sound Policy: Reclaiming The High Ground In Criminal Justice Policy-Making, Anthony C. Thompson

Faculty Articles

In this article, the author contemplates the way the criminal justice system is portrayed in the media and suggests how the media's emphasis on "sound bites" - which makes it difficult to separate fact from hype - has had significant policy ramifications. The author makes a point of exploring the many ways that conceptions of crime are formed and influenced, as well as how the media has shaped legislation. In the author's opinion, in order to curb the excessive influence of most mainstream representations of the criminal justice system, there must be some mechanism for oversight of both the media …

Annual Report, 2010-2011, University Of Arkansas, Fayetteville. College Of Education And Health Professions

College of Education and Health Professions Annual Reports

Beginning in 2004/2005- issued in online format only

Black Carbon: The Most Important Ignored Contributor To Climate Change, Kate Deangelis

Maryland Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Sarei V. Rio Tinto: How An Exhaustion Requirement For The Alien Tort Statute Will Further Exhaust Remedies For Environmental Injuries, Cheryl Cortemeglia

Maryland Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

International Environmental Law, David R. Downes, Derek Campbell, Joseph W. Dellapenna, Joseph Freedman, Richard A. Horsch, David Hunter, Erika Lennon, Erica Lyman, Stephen J. Porter, Thomas Parker Redick, R. Justin Smith, Hong Tang

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

National Security, John Harrington, Sean Murphy, Jason Poblete, Jonathan M. Meyer

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Canada, Sandra Walker, Mark Katz, Jim Dinning, Marcela B. Stras, John Boscariol, Sergio R. Karas

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Export Controls And Economic Sanctions, Michael L. Burton, Kara M. Bombach, Dan Fisher-Owens, Stephanie Brown Cripps, J. Daniel Chapman, John Boscariol, Paul M. Lalonde, Cyndee Todgham Cherniak

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Aspen Crown Dieback And Mortality On The Williams Ranger District, Kaibab National Forest, Arizona, Thomas J. Zegler

Aspen Bibliography

Crown dieback and mortality of quaking or trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) were extensive within pine-oak and mixed conifer forest types of the Williams Ranger District, Kaibab National Forest in northern Arizona. I collected data from 48 aspen sites to determine if predisposing site and stand factors and contributing damaging agents were associated with aspen crown dieback and mortality. Overstory aspen mortality averaged 50% by stems per hectare and 44% by basal area. Based upon univariate relationships, elevation was the most significant site factor related to both overstory aspen crown dieback (R2 = 0.15, P = 0.0069) and overstory aspen mortality …

A Turn-On Split-Luciferase Sensor For The Direct Detection Of Poly(Adp-Ribose) As A Marker For Dna Repair And Cell Death, Jennifer L. Furman, Pui-Wing Mok, Shengyi Shen, Cliff I. Stains, Indraneel Ghosh

Cliff Stains Publications

Designed sensors comprising split-firefly luciferase conjugated to tandem poly(ADP-ribose) binding domains allow for the direct solution phase detection of picogram quantities of PAR and for monitoring temporal changes in poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation events in mammalian cells.

Includes Supplementary Material.

Searching The Protein Structure Database For Ligand-Binding Site Similarities Using Cpass V.2, Robert Powers, Jennifer C. Copeland, Jaime L. Stark, Adam Caprez, Ashu Guru, David R. Swanson

Robert Powers Publications

Background: A recent analysis of protein sequences deposited in the NCBI RefSeq database indicates that ~8.5 million protein sequences are encoded in prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes, where ~30% are explicitly annotated as “hypothetical” or “uncharacterized” protein. Our Comparison of Protein Active-Site Structures (CPASS v.2) database and software compares the sequence and structural characteristics of experimentally determined ligand binding sites to infer a functional relationship in the absence of global sequence or structure similarity. CPASS is an important component of our Functional Annotation Screening Technology by NMR (FAST-NMR) protocol and has been successfully applied to aid the annotation of a number …

Immunization With Hiv Gag Targeted To Dendritic Cells Followed By Recombinant New York Vaccinia Virus Induces Robust T-Cell Immunity In Nonhuman Primates, Barbara J. Flynn, Kathrin Kastenmüller, Ulrike Wille-Reece

Publications

Protein vaccines, if rendered immunogenic, would facilitate vaccine development against HIV and other pathogens. We compared in nonhuman primates (NHPs) immune responses to HIV Gag p24 within 3G9 antibody to DEC205 ("DEC-HIV Gag p24"), an uptake receptor on dendritic cells, to nontargeted protein, with or without poly ICLC, a synthetic double stranded RNA, as adjuvant. Priming s.c. with 60 ?g of both HIV Gag p24 vaccines elicited potent CD4⁺ T cells secreting IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, which also proliferated. The responses increased with each of three immunizations and recognized multiple Gag peptides. DEC-HIV Gag p24 showed better cross-priming for …

Newcastle Disease Virus Expressing A Dendritic Cell-Targeted Hiv Gag Protein Induces A Potent Gag-Specific Immune Response In Mice, Jad Mammary, Frida Array, Qinshan Gao

Publications

Viral vaccine vectors have emerged as an attractive strategy for the development of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine. Recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) stands out as a vaccine vector since it has a proven safety profile in humans, it is a potent inducer of both alpha interferon (IFN-α) and IFN-β) production, and it is a potent inducer of dendritic cell (DC) maturation. Our group has previously generated an rNDV vector expressing a codon-optimized HIV Gag protein and demonstrated its ability to induce a Gag-specific CD8⁺ T cell response in mice. In this report we demonstrate that the Gag-specific …

The Role Of The Stereociliary Glycocalyx In Hair Bundle Cohesion, Adria Claire Le Boeuf

Student Theses and Dissertations

The sensory hair cells of the inner ear are exquisitely sensitive machines that translate the broad dynamic range of sound intensities in our auditory landscape into the electrical language of neurons. The mechanosensitive organelle of the hair cell is the hair bundle, a cluster of linked, finger-like, membrane-ensheathed projections, stereocilia, emerging from the cell's apical surface. As a structure, the hair bundle is highly conserved, changing little yet performing many functions throughout the vertebrate evolutionary tree. The mechanosensitivity of the hair bundle is achieved by the tension-gating of mechanosensitive channels joined to proteinaceous tip links that connect the distal tips …

Natural Product Biosynthesis In Uncultured Bacteria, Jeffrey Kim

Student Theses and Dissertations

A single gram of soil can contain thousands of unique bacterial species, only a small fraction of which is regularly cultured in the laboratory. Although the fermentation of cultured microorganisms has provided access to numerous bioactive secondary metabolites, with these same methods it is not possible to characterize the natural products encoded by the uncultured majority. The heterologous expression of biosynthetic gene clusters cloned from DNA extracted directly from environmental samples (eDNA) has begun to provide access to the chemical diversity encoded in the genomes of previously uncultured bacteria. The systematic exploration of natural product biosynthesis in uncultured bacteria, however, …

Long-Term Quantitative Microscopy: From Microbial Population Dynamics To Growth Of Plant Roots, Zak Frentz

Student Theses and Dissertations

Quantitative optical measurements at the micron scale have been crucial to the study of multiple biological processes, including bacterial chemotaxis, eukaryotic gene expression and y development. Extending measurements to long time scales allows complete observation of processes that are otherwise studied piecemeal, such as development and evolution. This thesis describes the development of two types of microscope for making long term, quantitative measurements, and the tools for image analysis. The first device is a digital holographic microscope for measuring microbial population dynamics. It allows three dimensional localization of hundreds of cells within a mm³ sized volume, at micron resolution and …

A Hydrodynamic Sensory Antenna Used By Killifish For Nocturnal Hunting, Jason S. Schwarz

Student Theses and Dissertations

The perception of sensory stimuli by an animal requires several steps, commencing with the capture of stimulus energy by an antenna. As the interface between the physical world and sensory transduction, the antenna modifies the stimulus in ways that enhance the animal's perception. For example, the mammalian external ear collects sound and spectrally alters it to increase sensitivity and improve the detection of directionality. The surfacefeeding killifish Aplocheilus lineatus is able to hunt in darkness by detecting surface capillary waves with the lateral-line system atop its head. This cephalic lateral line consists of 18 stereotyped mechanosensitive neuromasts, each bordered by …

Bioorthogonal Chemical Reporters Reveal Fatty-Acylation Of Histone H3 Variants And Cholesterol Modification Of Proteins And Trafficking In Cells, John P. Wilson

Student Theses and Dissertations

Lipids are essential components to all known life. They serve many functions from basic building blocks to covalent protein modification and are particularly involved in signaling. Many rare and widespread human health concerns involve lipids but despite their importance, their analysis either free or protein-bound has remained difficult for decades. Here, using bioorthogonal chemistry, we have developed a robust system to identify the proteins modified by lipids and advanced the ability to image cholesterol in cells and tissues. The unbiased proteomic analysis of fatty-acylated proteins using chemical reporters undertaken here revealed a greater diversity of lipid-modified proteins in mammalian cells …

A Proteomic And Genomic Investigation Into Replication Fork Dynamics In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Matthew David Sekedat

Student Theses and Dissertations

In eukaryotic organisms, each chromosome must be precisely replicated every time a cell divides so that the genetic material can be passed on to the cell's progeny. The work presented here is an in-depth investigation into the dynamics of the proteins that associate with progressing replication forks in yeast. A focused proteomics approach is employed to specifically identify interactions between the replication fork-coupled GINS complex and other components of the replication machinery. The scope of this technique is extended by applying it to cells that have been synchronized within the cell cycle — revealing the cell cycle dependent interactions of …

Studies Of The Kinetics Of Cell Cycle Processes In S. Cerevisiae: The Molecular Basis Of Start Irreversibility And Cyclin-Cdk Ordering Of Mitotic Events, Catherine Oikonomou

Student Theses and Dissertations

The cell cycle machinery of Saccharomyces cerevisiae consists of a central negative feedback oscillator comprising cyclin-CDK and its antagonist, APCCdc20. This oscillator is stabilized and tuned by positive feedback loops, and its frequency is modulated by checkpoint controls. Either by directly triggering events, or by entraining independent oscillators controlling events, the cyclin-CDK oscillator regulates the key events of the cell cycle. These events have an established order and timing within the overall cycle. The work I describe in this thesis concerns two fundamental questions: how is the order and timing of cell cycle events controlled, and what sets the intrinsic …

Assessing The Phylogenetic And Cultural Content Of Learned Song, Nicole Creanza

Student Theses and Dissertations

In the oscine songbirds, song is learned by a juvenile from a tutor of the same species, in a pattern that is analogous to human language, and likewise has the potential to change over time by cultural evolution. The similarities between human languages have been studied for centuries, but historically the relationships between the songs of birds of different species have been seen as too divergent to be useful. Using a computational analysis of song databases coupled with genetic phylogenies, I have shown that there is indeed a significant correlation between genetic distance and song similarity in the oscines. For …

Regulation Of Polarized Protein Transport To Axons, Dendrites, And Sensory Cilia In Caeborhabditis Elegans Neurons, Tapan Apurva Maniar

Student Theses and Dissertations

Neurons are highly polarized cells, capable of receiving, processing and transmitting information, with the help of their specialized domains, an axon and one or more dendrites. The molecular dissimilarities between these domains are critical for neuronal function, and are a result of asymmetric trafficking of a large number of cellular components including ion channels, neurotransmitter receptors, synaptic vesicles, and signaling proteins. Yet, despite the significance of asymmetric protein transport in neuronal polarity, the molecules and mechanisms that direct polarized transport to axons, dendrites and cilia in neurons are only partly understood. In this thesis, I describe my effort at understanding …

Cell-Type Specific Translational Profiling In Huntington's Disease Mouse Models, Robert J. Fenster

Student Theses and Dissertations

Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) are among the most vulnerable cell populations in Huntington's Disease (HD). Within this population, striatopallidal MSNs are more vulnerable than striatonigral MSNs, which may explain the typical progression in HD of chorea to hypokinesis. The biological basis for this differential vulnerability is unknown, although differences in transcriptional dysfunction caused by mutant huntingtin (mhtt) have been proposed as a possible mechanism. In order to determine the differences in gene expression caused by mhtt in these two populations, we selectively isolated translated mRNAs from striatopallidal and striatonigral MSNs in the R6-2 and YAC128 HD mouse models at pre- …

Structure-Function Analysis Of Insect Olfactory Receptors, Maurizio Pellegrino

Student Theses and Dissertations

Organisms use their senses to transform external stimuli into an internal representation of the world. Insects employ their keen sense of smell for a variety of tasks including location of food sources, which can vary from yeast growing on ripe fruits for the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster to mammals for blood-feeding insects such as the mosquito Anopheles gambiae. The first informational relay between the external environment and the organism is the olfactory sensory neuron (OSN), whose activation translates the intensity, quality, and temporal features of volatile chemicals into spike trains. This dissertation focuses on understanding how the insect olfactory system …

Net Addition And Long-Term Survival Of Adult-Born Neurons In The Zebra Finch Hvc: Why Replace When You Can Keep Them All?, Clare Walton

Student Theses and Dissertations

The study of neurogenesis in adult songbirds focused initially on the canary, a species that learns new song elements each year. Many neurons in the canary song control nucleus, HVC, are discarded every year, with cell loss peaking at the end of the breeding season. New neurons numerically replace those that have died and this replacement process occurs at a time when vocal output is most plastic, suggesting adult neurogenesis may have a role in the learning process. It is not known, however, whether spontaneous neuronal replacement accompanies recruitment of new HVC neurons in the adult zebra finch, a species …

From Microarrays To Behavior: Genes Controlled By Feeding State In Mosquitoes And Flies, Shelli F. Farhadian

Student Theses and Dissertations

Across many species, animals carefully regulate their food intake according to their energy needs. They are able to do so through the ability to sense hunger or satiety cues. In vertebrates, these signals are released by the gastrointestinal tract and by adipose tissue, and reach feeding centers in the brain, where they stimulate the release of peptides that modulate feeding behavior (Benarroch, 2010; Berthoud, 2008). Although many of these neuronal populations have been identified in rodent models, the neural circuitry behind behavioral modification of food intake remains largely unknown. Insects like the blowfly and the locust have classically been used …

Expanding The Horizons Of Enzybiotic Identification, Jonathan Edward Schmitz

Student Theses and Dissertations

Recently, phage lytic enzymes (also known as endolysins or, simply, lysins) have received considerable attention as potential antibacterial agents. During the infective cycle of double-stranded DNA phage, these peptidoglycan hydrolases are responsible for digesting the cell wall of the host bacterium and freeing newly-assembled viral particles. At the same time, an increasing body of evidence has demonstrated that recombinantly-purified phage lysins—when added exogenously—can potently kill Gram-positive bacteria, whose peptidoglycan is accessible from the extracellular space. Consequently, lysins have been proposed as novel enzybiotic (i.e. enzyme-antibiotic) molecules that could serve as novel weapons in the fight against drug-resistant bacteria. Most lysins …

Evaluation Of Health Newsletter Effectiveness On Dietary Habits In Low-Income Middle-Aged Women, Nichole Jennifer Hassebroek

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

There is little known about the effectiveness of the SagePlus newsletters at motivating dietary habit changes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the SagePlus newsletter in motivating low-income, middle-aged women who are participating in the SagePlus program to adopt healthier eating habits, specifically to eat more fruits and vegetables. A nonexperimental, descriptive correlational design was used in this study. Phone calls were placed to current SagePlus participants who had been enrolled in the program between six and 12 months. Forty English-speaking participants were contacted and agreed to participate in the telephone survey from a potential …