Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2011

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 22021 - 22050 of 23704

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Teaching Breast Health To Adolescent Females In High School: Comparing Interactive Teaching With Traditional Didactic Methods, Jacqueline Anita Horton Jan 2011

Teaching Breast Health To Adolescent Females In High School: Comparing Interactive Teaching With Traditional Didactic Methods, Jacqueline Anita Horton

All ETDs from UAB

Breast Health Knowledge Breat Health Beliefs

Go to article

Radiological Population Monitoring: Views Of Public Health Professionals In The Southeastern United States, Gwendolyn N. Hudson Jan 2011

Radiological Population Monitoring: Views Of Public Health Professionals In The Southeastern United States, Gwendolyn N. Hudson

All ETDs from UAB

In the immediate aftermath of a radiological disaster, it is essential to rapidly screen the population to identify contaminated persons, those needing urgent medical treatment, and those requiring long-term follow-up. This process, known as "radiological population monitoring," is vital to reducing morbidity and mortality and effectively addressing people's health needs and concerns. Radiological population monitoring has become a significant new focus of attention and responsibility for government agencies in recent years, due in large part to growing concerns about the possibility of a terrorist attack involving radioactive materials. The primary responsibility for radiological population monitoring resides within state and local …

Go to article

The Intestinal Extracellular Matix As An Innate Regulator Of Effector T-Cell Responses, Kayci Renee Huff Jan 2011

The Intestinal Extracellular Matix As An Innate Regulator Of Effector T-Cell Responses, Kayci Renee Huff

All ETDs from UAB

Extracellular matrix (stroma) regulation of mucosal T-cell function is incompletely understood. Here we uncovered a role for intestinal stromal products in the innate regulation of effector T-cells. Stroma-conditioned media (S-CM) derived from normal human intestinal stroma (TGF-&betahi/IL-6lo/IL-1ßlo) significantly down-regulated T-cell proliferation and IFN-&gamma production compared to S-CM derived from inflamed Crohn's mucosa (TGF-&betahi/IL-6hi/IL-1&betahi). Antibody neutralization studies showed that TGF-&beta in normal S-CM inhibited T-cell proliferation and IFN-&gamma production, whereas IL-6 plus IL-1&beta in Crohn's S-CM promoted T-cell proliferation, and the IL-1&beta alone promoted IFN-γ and IL-17 release. Importantly, stromal cells in normal tissue produce TGF-&beta and contribute to mucosal homeostasis …

Go to article

Sox2/Parylated Parp1 Complexes Regulate Pluripotency, Yi-Shin Lai Jan 2011

Sox2/Parylated Parp1 Complexes Regulate Pluripotency, Yi-Shin Lai

All ETDs from UAB

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) were first derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) of blastocyst-stage embryos. ESCs are distinguished from other cell types by their pluripotency and unlimited self-replication. ESCs are able to differentiate into multiple cell types that represent all three primary germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm) and can form an entire adult organism. Under defined conditions, ESCs are self-renewable and have an extended life-span without compromising pluripotency. The plasticity of ESCs provides opportunities for regenerative medicine. The recent production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) offers an ideal "personalized" substitute for ESCs. Overexpression of four transcription factors, …

Go to article

The Role Of Trib3 In Insulin Resistance: Its Action As Nutrient Sensor And Regulator Of Insulin Action, Jiarong Lamiquiz Jan 2011

The Role Of Trib3 In Insulin Resistance: Its Action As Nutrient Sensor And Regulator Of Insulin Action, Jiarong Lamiquiz

All ETDs from UAB

THE ROLE OF TRIB3 IN INSULIN RESISTANCE: ITS ACTION AS NUTRIENT SENSOR AND REGULATOR OF INSULIN ACTION JIARONG LIU LAMIQUIZ PATHOLOGY ABSTRACT Insulin resistance is a hallmark of Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). A reduced capacity for insulin to stimulate increases in glucose uptake and glucose oxidation in insulin sensitive tissues, such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, are common defects in patients with insulin resistance, T2DM, and other related diseases. Tribbles homolog 3 (TRIB3) has been demonstrated to play a role in insulin resistance by serving as a negative regulator of Akt in mouse liver, fat, and pancreas. In a …

Go to article

Structural And Functional Studies On Group A Streptococcal Bacteriophage Hyaluronidase, Joo Hyoung Lee Jan 2011

Structural And Functional Studies On Group A Streptococcal Bacteriophage Hyaluronidase, Joo Hyoung Lee

All ETDs from UAB

Aberrant hyaluronan production is frequently associated with tumors where the elevated levels of tumoral hyaluronan are often associated with higher expression levels of cellular hyaluronidases that produce saturated hyaluronan fragments with divergent pro-tumoral activities. In this thesis, we provide evidence that different hyaluronan metabolism of bacteriophage hyaluronidase (HylP) elicits distinct alteration in breast cancer cell behavior. We demonstrate through comparative analysis with bovine testicular hyaluronidase (BTH) that higher enzyme activity, specificity for hyaluronan and production of unsaturated oligosaccharides render HylP to have profound effects on growth, migration and invasion activities of breast carcinoma cells, whereas BTH and its saturated metabolites …

Go to article

In Vivo Interactions Between Virus Genomes And Host Proteins For Members Of The Order Picornavirales, Erik Michael Lenarcic Jan 2011

In Vivo Interactions Between Virus Genomes And Host Proteins For Members Of The Order Picornavirales, Erik Michael Lenarcic

All ETDs from UAB

A significant number of pathogens of economical and medical importance are positive sense RNA viruses. Their genomes enter host cells and subvert them to support virus growth. These large-scale changes involve the co-opting of cellular proteins through interactions with viral RNA and proteins. Characterizing these interactions leads to a better understanding of viral life cycles and the identification of new antiviral therapies. The order Picornavirales contains viruses that infect a wide array of eukaryotes. Their genomes serve as a messenger RNA (mRNA) that is translated by host ribosomes cap-independently through an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Most members of the …

Go to article

Functional Imaging Of Excitable Cells: Retinal Neurons And Pancreatic Islet Beta Cells, Yichao Li Jan 2011

Functional Imaging Of Excitable Cells: Retinal Neurons And Pancreatic Islet Beta Cells, Yichao Li

All ETDs from UAB

Stimulus-evoked fast intrinsic optical signals (IOSs) have time courses comparable to electrophysiological kinetics, and thus promise a sub-cellular and sub-second resolution method for functional evaluation of excitable biological tissues. The objective of my thesis research is to validate and characterize IOS imaging of stimulus-evoked activities in the retina and pancreatic islet ß-cells. In order to achieve this objective, three sets of experiments have been conducted. 1) Simultaneous measurement of retinal neurons functioning can enhance our understanding of the visual signal processing. In this stage of my study, I propose to demonstrate IOS imaging of retina slices that allows simultaneous monitoring …

Go to article

Sexual Orientation And Risk: Patterns Of Association Across Outcomes, Penny S. Loosier Jan 2011

Sexual Orientation And Risk: Patterns Of Association Across Outcomes, Penny S. Loosier

All ETDs from UAB

This study highlights associations between sexual orientation and risk outcomes in late adolescence and early adulthood using an expanded measure of sexual orientation. Recent data indicate higher levels of risk behavior in a newly identified population, mostly heterosexuals, as compared to heterosexuals. Comparisons among groups using an expanded measure of sexual orientation such as this, however, often do not include all possible groups or may restrict comparisons between groups. Data were derived from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health); participants identified as heterosexual, mostly heterosexual, bisexual, mostly gay, or gay. Risk outcomes were parental mistreatment, home displacement, …

Go to article

Role Of The Cystine/Glutamate Exchanger In Glioma Cell Biology, Toyin Adeyemi Ogunrinu Jan 2011

Role Of The Cystine/Glutamate Exchanger In Glioma Cell Biology, Toyin Adeyemi Ogunrinu

All ETDs from UAB

Changes in the glioma microenvironment including oxygen (O2) levels, supply of amino acid such as L-glutamate and L-cystine and glutathione (GSH) concentrations play a critical role in glioma biology. Previous data from our laboratory and others have implicated the L-cystine/L-glutamate exchanger, system xc- in the invasion and proliferation of cancers including glioma. The central aim of this dissertation was to characterize the contribution of L-cystine uptake, GSH synthesis and L-glutamate release to migration and proliferation of glioma cells. In my first study, I examined the role of system xc- mediated L-glutamate release on glioma migration. I show that activation of …

Go to article

Reactivation Of Estrogen Receptor-Α (Erα) By Bioactive Dietary Compounds Through Epigenetic Mechanisms In Erα-Negative Breast Cancer Cells, Shweta Naran Patel Jan 2011

Reactivation Of Estrogen Receptor-Α (Erα) By Bioactive Dietary Compounds Through Epigenetic Mechanisms In Erα-Negative Breast Cancer Cells, Shweta Naran Patel

All ETDs from UAB

In breast cancer treatment, the presence of the estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) plays an important role with hormonal-responsive drugs such as tamoxifen. ERα-negative breast cancers are more aggressive not only because of the increased uncontrollable growth but also because of the lack of target-directed treatments. Bioactive dietary components such as green tea polyphenols (GTPs) and sulforaphane (SFN, found in cruciferous vegetables) have been shown to have anti-cancer properties. In this study, we found that the dietary combination of a DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) inhibitor, GTPs, and a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, SFN, dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of ERα-negative MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer …

Go to article

The Graphic Novel: A Frontier Literary Form Edges Towards The English Classroom, Malgorzata Pflueger-Pieczynska Jan 2011

The Graphic Novel: A Frontier Literary Form Edges Towards The English Classroom, Malgorzata Pflueger-Pieczynska

All ETDs from UAB

Graphic novels, as not yet fully researched and examined forms under academia, suffer from their association in the public mind with the advertisement industry and cheap subject matter. This negative affiliation is especially popular in teachers' circles that use the graphic novel mostly as an instrument to improve reading skills rather than to present it as an extraordinary example of a frontier literary form. The graphic novel is one of many products that took off dynamically with the technological revolution using the visual as a communication's medium. Visual communication is not only one of the leading forms of passing information, …

Go to article

The Association Between The Body Mass Index (Bmi) Of African American College Women And Their Exposure To Magazine Advertisements, Candice P. Prince Jan 2011

The Association Between The Body Mass Index (Bmi) Of African American College Women And Their Exposure To Magazine Advertisements, Candice P. Prince

All ETDs from UAB

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and exposure to magazine advertisements among African-American college women aged 19 to 29. This study also sought to determine how personal, behavioral, and environmental factors affect the BMI of African-American college women. A sample of 252 African-American college women enrolled in undergraduate degree programs in the Southeast United States completed a web-based survey on their weight-related health behaviors and magazine usage. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, and multivariable regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Bivariate correlations showed significant associations between BMI and several …

Go to article

How Do Proponents And Opponents Of The United Nations Convention On The Rights Of The Child Explain Their Views Regarding Children's Participatory Rights? A Multiple Case Study, Marilee Manning Ransom Jan 2011

How Do Proponents And Opponents Of The United Nations Convention On The Rights Of The Child Explain Their Views Regarding Children's Participatory Rights? A Multiple Case Study, Marilee Manning Ransom

All ETDs from UAB

The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), an international human rights treaty, has been ratified by every State except the United States and Somalia. It contains enumerated rights, including five articles pertaining to children's participation rights such as the right to speech, privacy, association, and religion. Ratification of the CRC is controversial, particularly because religious and social conservatives deem the CRC potentially harmful to families. Major education groups are among the myriad of CRC supporters in the Untied States. Thus far, supporters have been unable to achieve ratification. The purpose of this multiple case study was …

Go to article

Parental Influences On Late Adolescents' Autonomous Motivation And Sexual Risk Knowledge And Behavior, Bettina Hornbuckle Riley Jan 2011

Parental Influences On Late Adolescents' Autonomous Motivation And Sexual Risk Knowledge And Behavior, Bettina Hornbuckle Riley

All ETDs from UAB

Adolescent risky sexual behavior is associated with unprotected sex, unplanned pregnancy, abortion, and contraction of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as chlamydia, syphilis, gonorrhea, and HIV/AIDS. During their time of transition to adulthood, late adolescents make decisions about their sexual health that may or may not be motivated by parental (mother and father) sexual risk communication and autonomy support. While the adolescent may be physically independent or semi-independent from his/her parents, parents continue to influence their adolescents through past and present endorsement of certain behaviors. This research examined how parent-sexual risk communication and parental autonomy support may individually and collectively …

Go to article

Increased Cutting Efficacy Of Diamond Burs With Biochemical Solution Spraying, Ramtin Sadid Zadeh Jan 2011

Increased Cutting Efficacy Of Diamond Burs With Biochemical Solution Spraying, Ramtin Sadid Zadeh

All ETDs from UAB

CAD/CAM units are becoming increasingly popular for milling all ceramic restorations from ceramic blocks. The solution used to spray the diamond cutting instrument also improves cutting effectiveness and also lubricates the diamond, which may not only prolong the cutting life of the diamond instrument but also provide smoother cuts on the ceramic block. The purpose of this study is to evaluate cutting efficacy of diamond burs with three solutions and to compare roughness produced by each solution on the glass-ceramic block. Material and methods: 15 Empress CAD blocks, 30 fine diamond burs, two solutions and distilled water were used. Each …

Go to article

Hemoglobin Switching, Thalassemia And Sickle Cell Disease In Humanized Knockin Mice, Sean Mcconnell Jan 2011

Hemoglobin Switching, Thalassemia And Sickle Cell Disease In Humanized Knockin Mice, Sean Mcconnell

All ETDs from UAB

In this dissertation we describe knockin mouse models for the study of human hemoglobin disorders. These knockin human globin genes, in contrast to transgenes, replace the adult mouse globin genes, remain under control of endogenous mouse globin enhancer sequences and are inherited in a manner identical to globin alleles in man. Starting with various knockin alleles composed of unique human alpha, beta and gamma globin gene sequences, we evaluate several allele combinations towards our goal of generating improved models of thalassemia and sickle cells disease. We show that humanized knockin mice complete a fetal to adult hemoglobin switch during postnatal …

Go to article

Role Of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels In Glioblastoma Volume Regulation, Michael Bryan Mcferrin Jan 2011

Role Of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels In Glioblastoma Volume Regulation, Michael Bryan Mcferrin

All ETDs from UAB

The most common and most malignant gliomas are the Grade IV Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), characterized by a highly proliferative tumor mass and extremely invasive phenotype that allows for profuse dispersal of tumor cells throughout the brain. GBM cells must specifically regulate their cell volume to thrive within the edematous tumor mass and infiltrate throughout the tortuous extracellular spaces of the brain. These rapid and directed volume changes are governed by the controlled flux of potassium and chloride ions across the cell membrane, which move osmotically obliged water. The goal of this dissertation was to investigate the role of calcium-activated potassium …

Go to article

The Born-Digital Deluge : Documenting Twenty-First Century Events., Rachel Howard, Heather Fox, Caroline Daniels Jan 2011

The Born-Digital Deluge : Documenting Twenty-First Century Events., Rachel Howard, Heather Fox, Caroline Daniels

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

With digital recording devices readily available to most people, events are documented and shared on-line in real time by the “person on the street.” The ease of creation and dissemination belies what archivists know will be the long-term challenges of organizing and preserving collections of born-digital information. While other processes require little modification, the inherent fragility of digital content and the ease of depositing files call for a substantial modification of established procedures. In this article, three University of Louisville archivists discuss their approach to the acquisition, copyright transfer, file naming, selection, description, and preservation of born-digital content donated by …

Go to article

Developmental Factors For Different Strains Of Medically Important Mosquitoes, Joel Abraham Morris Jan 2011

Developmental Factors For Different Strains Of Medically Important Mosquitoes, Joel Abraham Morris

All ETDs from UAB

Competition between northern sympatric mosquitoes, Culex restuans and Culex pipiens pipiens, was evaluated in Illinois using different ratios of the two species. Similarly, competition between southern sympatric species, Culex restuans and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, was evaluated in Alabama. Species ratios were repeated at biologically relevant temperatures and densities. Results for the northern study suggested that Cx. restuans survival was greater than Cx. pipiens across all treatment variables, whereas survival did not differ between the southern strains. Survival of both northern and southern strains of Cx. restuans increased with increasing competition, but southern strains of this species had poor survival in …

Go to article

Legal Challenges To Public Education Finance: Equity V. Adequacy, James Michael Munger Jan 2011

Legal Challenges To Public Education Finance: Equity V. Adequacy, James Michael Munger

All ETDs from UAB

LEGAL CHALLENGES TO PUBLIC EDUCATION FINANCE: EQUITY V. ADEQUACY J. MICHAEL MUNGER DEPARTMENT OF GOVERNMENT -- PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ABSTRACT This research examines the nature of public education financing in the United States. When education became a cornerstone of public policy in America, federalism dictated that the responsibility of implementation be delegated to the states, and from the states to the constituent school districts. Oftentimes these districts came to be divided--accidentally or on purpose--along lines of race/ethnicity or socioeconomic status; this led to wide variations in education outcomes. Such after effects have come under greater scrutiny over the past few decades. …

Go to article

Cacophony Or Empowerment? : Analyzing The Impact Of New Information Communication Technologies And New Social Media In Southeast Asia., Jason P. Abbott Jan 2011

Cacophony Or Empowerment? : Analyzing The Impact Of New Information Communication Technologies And New Social Media In Southeast Asia., Jason P. Abbott

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

The capabilities, tools and websites we associate with new information communication technologies and social media are now ubiquitous. Moreover tools that were designed to facilitate innocuous conversation and social interaction have had unforeseen political impacts. Nowhere was this more visible than during the 2011 uprisings across the Arab World. From Tunis to Cairo, and Tripoli to Damascus protest movements against authoritarian rule openly utilized social networking and file sharing tools to publicize and organize demonstrations and to catalogue human rights abuses. The Arab Spring, or Jasmine Revolution, was an event that was both witnessed and played out in real time …

Go to article

Development And Characterization Of Thermal Diffusion Doped Fe2+:Znse/Zns Polycrystalline Gain Media For Room Temperature Mid-Ir Lasing, Nosoung Myoung Jan 2011

Development And Characterization Of Thermal Diffusion Doped Fe2+:Znse/Zns Polycrystalline Gain Media For Room Temperature Mid-Ir Lasing, Nosoung Myoung

All ETDs from UAB

The dissertation is focused on thermo-diffusion doping of Fe2+:ZnSe, Fe2+:ZnS, Fe2+:Co2+:ZnSe, and Fe2+:Co2+:ZnS polycrystals and their laser-spectroscopic characterization. Most materials absorb infrared (IR) light at specific patterns of frequencies directly related to their structure. IR spectra can therefore be used to identify and quantify the constituents of an unknown material, making detection of chemicals by their absorption of IR light an important analytical tool. For instance, Mid-infrared lasers (ë = 3 to 5µm) are widely used for an environmental monitoring, remote sensing of atmosphere and defense-related applications. Tunable middle infrared lasers are essential for highly sensitive detection of organic molecules …

Go to article

Language Difference In Writing : Toward A Translingual Approach., Bruce Horner, Min-Zhan Lu, Jacqueline Jones Royster, John Trimbur Jan 2011

Language Difference In Writing : Toward A Translingual Approach., Bruce Horner, Min-Zhan Lu, Jacqueline Jones Royster, John Trimbur

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Arguing against the emphasis of traditional U.S. composition classes on linguistically homogeneous situations, the authors contend that this focus is at odds with actual language use today. They call for a translingual approach, which they define as seeing difference in language not as a barrier to overcome or as a problem to manage, but as a resource for producing meaning in writing, speaking, reading, and listening.

Go to article

Fracture Strength Of All-Ceramic Restorations After Fatigue Loading, Balasudha Baladhandayutham Jan 2011

Fracture Strength Of All-Ceramic Restorations After Fatigue Loading, Balasudha Baladhandayutham

All ETDs from UAB

Fracture strength of monolithic and bilayered LAVA and e. max lower molar crowns after load cycling was measured and compared. The study included three groups (n = 8) from LAVA zirconia and three groups from e. max lithium disilicate to compare influences of different layers, thicknesses and manufacturing techniques. Prefabricated anatomically designed crowns were cemented to dies made from Z 100 composite resin using Rely X Luting Plus resin modified glass ionomer cement. Cemented crowns were stored at 37° C for 24 hours then cyclic loaded to test fatigue properties. The crowns were loaded to 200,000 cycles at 25N at …

Go to article

Gas Phase Laser Synthesis And Processing Of Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles For Biomedical Applications, Parimal Vilas Bapat Jan 2011

Gas Phase Laser Synthesis And Processing Of Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles For Biomedical Applications, Parimal Vilas Bapat

All ETDs from UAB

Biochemical processes make pervasive use of calcium and phosphate ions. Calcium phosphate salts that are naturally nontoxic and bioactive have been used for several medical applications in form of coatings and micropowders. Nanoparticle-based calcium phosphates have been shown to be internalized by living cells and be effective in DNA transfection, drug delivery, and transport of fluorophores for imaging of intracellular processes. They are also expected to interact strongly with cell adhesive proteins and are therefore promising elements in approaches to mimic the complex environment of the extra cellular matrix of bone. Harnessing this biomedical potential requires the ability to control …

Go to article

Mechanisms And Consequences Of Thy-1 Shedding, John Edwin Bradley Jan 2011

Mechanisms And Consequences Of Thy-1 Shedding, John Edwin Bradley

All ETDs from UAB

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by chronic fibrosis in the lung interstitium of unknown etiology, and causes death within 2 to 4 years after diagnosis. There are no clinical interventions save for lung transplantation that give any survival benefit. Aberrant collagen deposition and aggregates of proliferating fibroblasts and myofibroblasts called fibroblastic foci (FF) are the classic features of IPF. Therefore, the cell type most often implicated as pathogenic in IPF is the fibroblast, especially its differentiated phenotype, the myofibroblast. Fibroblasts are a remarkably heterogeneous cell type. Expression of the cell surface glycoprotein Thy-1 (Thymocyte differentiation antigen 1) delineates a …

Go to article

Responses Of Two Heterokonts (Classes Phaeophyceae And Bacillariophyceae) To Environmental Variables Throughout Their Microenvironments, Anthony Philip Bucolo Jan 2011

Responses Of Two Heterokonts (Classes Phaeophyceae And Bacillariophyceae) To Environmental Variables Throughout Their Microenvironments, Anthony Philip Bucolo

All ETDs from UAB

Behavioral responses to variations in the microenvironments of motile spores of the Antarctic epiphyte E. antarctica and the motile epiphytic diatom, Navicula sp. were investigated. Most macroalgal species along the Western Antarctic Peninsula are chemically defended against predation and are also mostly devoid of free living filamentous algal epiphytes. However, one endo/epiphyte, Elachista antarctica, is found growing exclusively out of the palatable rhodophyte Palmaria decipiens. Choice and no choice feeding assays with tissues of epiphyte and host were conducted in three different trials with four amphipods commonly found on P. decipiens to test whether meso-grazers prefer the host over the …

Go to article

Competition. Ethics. Management, Alojzy Z. Nowak, Beata Glinka, Przemysław Hensel Jan 2011

Competition. Ethics. Management, Alojzy Z. Nowak, Beata Glinka, Przemysław Hensel

Monografie/Monographs

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The "Federalization" Problem And Nonprofit Self- Regulation: Some Initial Thoughts, Mark Sidel Jan 2011

The "Federalization" Problem And Nonprofit Self- Regulation: Some Initial Thoughts, Mark Sidel

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last