Digital Commons Network^™

Nonpoint Source Pollution, Yangbin Tong, Zhiqiang Deng, Daniel Dianchen Gang

Faculty Publications

This article presents a comprehensive review of research advances in 2010 on nonpoint source (NPS) water pollution caused by various known (urban stormwater, highway stormwater, agricultural runoff, and atmospheric deposition) and unknown sources. Progresses in modeling approaches, total maximum daily load (TMDL) calculations, low impact development (LID) technologies and best management practices (BMPs) for NPS pollution controls, as well as their socioeconomic impacts are reviewed. In addition, impacts of global climate change on NPS pollution are also summarized. Copyright © 2011 Water Environment Federation.

An Examination Of Irish Females Attitudes Towards Nanotechnology Claims Used In Advertising Appeals By The Cosmetics Industry, Deirdre Kelleher

Theses

Cosmetics advertising exert an image of hope and belief to consumers in that these products will dramatically make them look younger and change their lives. Much criticism has been drawn to cosmetic claims based on nanotechnology. Do they work? Are they safe? Do the cosmetic companies use false claims?

Today, the media is saturated with advertisements that promote cosmetic products. The cosmetics industry is becoming more and more advanced due to the use of nanotechnology. Cosmetic advertisements are so common that it is difficult to distinguish one from the other. Celebrity endorsers are being utilised by cosmetic companies to promote …

Improving Simulations Of The Upper Ocean By Inclusion Of Surface Waves In The Mellor-Yamada Turbulence Scheme, Chuan Jiang Huang, Fangli Qiao, Zhenya Song, Tal Ezer

CCPO Publications

The Mellor-Yamada turbulence closure scheme, used in many ocean circulation models, is often blamed for overly high simulated surface temperature and overly low simulated subsurface temperature in summer due to insufficient vertical mixing. Surface waves can enhance turbulence kinetic energy and mixing of the upper ocean via wave breaking and nonbreaking-wave-turbulence interaction. The influences of wave breaking and wave-turbulence interaction on the Mellor-Yamada scheme and upper ocean thermal structure are examined and compared with each other using one-dimensional and three-dimensional ocean circulation models. Model results show that the wave-turbulence interaction can effectively amend the problem of insufficient mixing in the …

Multi-Dimensional Weiss Operators, Sergey Bori̇senok, Mehmet Hakan Erkut, Yaşar Polatoğlu, Rüştü Murat Demi̇rer

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

We present a solution of the Weiss operator family generalized for the case of R^d and formulate a d-dimensional analogue of the Weiss Theorem. Most importantly, the generalization of the Weiss Theorem allows us to find a subset of null class functions for a partial differential equation with the generalized Weiss operators. We illustrate the significance of our approach through several examples of both linear and non-linear partial differential equations.

A Class Of Generalized Shannon-Mcmillan Theorems For Arbitrary Discrete Information Source, Kangkang Wang

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

In this study, a class of strong limit theorems for the relative entropy densities of random sum of arbitrary information source are discussed by constructing the joint distribution and nonnegative super martingales. As corollaries, some Shannon-McMillan theorems for arbitrary information source, mth-order Markov information source and non-memory information source are obtained and some results for the discrete information source which have been obtained by authors are extended.

The Unimodality Of Pure O-Sequences Of Type Three In Three Variables, Bernadette Boyle

Mathematics Faculty Publications

We will give a positive answer for the unimodality of the Hilbert functions in the smallest open case, that of Artinian level monomial algebras of type three in three variables.

Regional Science Reconsidered, Peter V. Schaeffer, Randall Jackson, James O. Bukenya

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

Members of a discipline share common research questions, values they use to address normative issues, and a set of research methods. Collectively, the features of a discipline that are common to all of its members constitute its core. Disciplines – and their specializations – can also be defined by their boundaries. However, in the case of regional science, the boundaries are fuzzy. Because regional science has been influenced by economics, geography, urban and regional planning, sociology, political science, public administration, and transportation engineering, it overlaps to a significant degree with these “parent disciplines” so that clear cut boundaries do not …

Radicalism Within The Context Of Social Movements: Processes And Types, Remy Cross, David A. Snow

Journal of Strategic Security

Drawing on work within the study of social movements and on conversion processes that is relevant to understanding radicalization, as well as on our own relevant research experiences and findings, especially on radicalism in right-wing and left-wing movements, we focus attention on the elements and dynamics of social movements, both intra-movement and extra-movement, that facilitate the grassroots development and maintenance of radical identities and enhance or diminish the prospect of engagement in radical action. In particular, we note the importance of free spaces to associate apart from the reach of control agents and adversaries,the development of affinity groups and a …

Music Theory Pedagogy Bibliography, Mary Wennerstrom

Journal of Music Theory Pedagogy

No abstract provided.

An Interview With Doctor Daniel Peters, Jin Packard

Quill & Scope

An up, close and personal interview with Dr. Daniel Peters, retired surgeon, and the current Assis-tant Professor of Cell Biology and Gross Anatomy at NYMC with appointments in both the Medical School and the School of Health Sciences and Practices.

2010 Patent Law Decisions Of The Federal Circuit: "The Advent Of The Rader Court", Gregory A. Castanias, Douglas R. Cole, Jennifer L. Swize, Vaishali Udupa, Tiffany D. Lipscomb-Jackson

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Emerging M&S Application In Risk Management, C. Ariel Pinto, Andreas Tolk, Michael Mcshane

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

There has been compelling signs of the great potential of building further synergy with academics, researchers, and industry practitioners from the areas of Modeling and Simulation (M&S) managing risk events. This paper provides an introduction to risk management and how M&S has permeated the risk management process. The trend has been to harness the advantages of M&S tools and techniques in terms of efficiency and effectiveness in managing risks. However, the more important contribution of M&S may be in how it provides a way for specialists in various disciplines or industries interact to manage risks that require multi-disciplinary approach. This …

Graduate Bulletin 2011-2012, John Jay College Of Criminal Justice

College Bulletins

No abstract provided.

How Do Students Of Diverse Achievement Levels Benefit From Peer Assessment?, Lan Li

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

Although the potential of peer assessment activities in promoting student learning and fostering student cognitive development has been widely studied and well documented across the world, it is unclear how peer assessment may benefit students of diverse achievement levels. This study examined this issue via a mixed methodology approach that combined students’ project scores and survey responses with a qualitative interview technique. Findings of this study suggested that peer assessment activities employed in this study had a differentiated impact on students’ learning and perceptions. Students in early learning development stages showed more learning gains than high achieving students in terms …

An Investigation Of The Conceptual Understanding Of Continuity And Derivatives In Calculus Of Emerging Scholars Versus Non-Emerging Scholars Program Students, Susan Lai Chan

Mathematics Theses - Archive

The Emerging Scholars Program (ESP) has been adapted at colleges and universities across the nation in efforts to increase student access to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines. This study uses a written assessment to gain insight regarding conceptual knowledge on continuity and derivatives for ESP students versus non-ESP students in the same lecture course in first semester calculus at large urban university in the southwest. We analyze the assessment results of 22 ESP and 48 non-ESP students and discuss findings, particularly, those that indicate statistically significant differences regarding continuity over an interval.

A Snapshot Of Advanced High School Students' Understanding Of Continuity, Melissa Jo Vela

Mathematics Theses - Archive

We report on a study of sixteen high school calculus and seven precalculus students' concept image and concept definition of continuity after one-trimester of instruction at a large suburban high school in the southwestern United States. The researchers developed a questionnaire based upon the work of Tall and Vinner (1981) to determine if calculus students had developed a more sophisticated concept image and concept definition of continuity than students in pre-calculus after a typical treatment in both courses. Using data from the written assessment it was not evident that calculus students demonstrated a more sophisticated concept image and concept definition …

Predictive Model For Bigheaded Carps In Mississippi River, Jitendra K. Shrestha

Mathematics Theses - Archive

Bigheaded carps refer to two species of fish called Silver carp and Bigheaded carp which have invaded the Upper Mississippi River System and are causing nuisance to the native fish like catfish, paddlefish and gizzard Shad by encroaching their habitat. The exponential growth of their population due to their overwhelming reproduction capability and adaptation features calls for a careful study of their population dynamics. In this study, we offer a mathematical model with artificial excessive fishing effort to reduce the population of Bigheaded carps. We numerically observe the correlation among growth rate, fishing rate and the future population of the …

Recruiting Students Into The Earth Sciences Through Undergraduate Research, Anne E. Egger, Simon L. Klemperer

Geological Sciences Faculty Scholarship

This article discusses the challenges of recruiting undergraduate students into STEM disciplines and describes strategies which have been used to stimulate undergraduate interest in Earth sciences research at Stanford University.

Insights Into The 1968–1997 Dasht-E-Bayaz And Zirkuh Earthquake Sequences, Eastern Iran, From Calibrated Relocations, Insar And High-Resolution Satellite Imagery, R. T. Walker, E. A. Bergman, Walter Szeliga, E. J. Fielding

Faculty Scholarship for the Cascadia Hazards Institute

The sequence of seismicity in the Dasht-e-Bayaz and Zirkuh region of northeastern Iran, which includes 11 destructive earthquakes within a period of only 30 years, forms one of the most outstanding examples of clustered large and intermediate-magnitude seismic activity in the world.We perform a multiple-event relocation analysis, with procedures to remove systematic location bias, of 169 earthquakes, most of which occurred in the period 1968–2008, to better image the distribution of seismicity within this highly active part of Iran. The geographic locations of the clustered earthquakes were calibrated by the inclusion of phase arrivals from seismic stations at short epicentral …

Effects Of Utility Value And Goals On Task Performance And Interest, Jeffery J. Kosovich

Honors Capstones

The perception of utility in tasks has been shown to facilitate performance and interest. This study (N = 160) is an extension of work by Hulleman and colleagues and is a 2 (success expectancy: high, low) x 2 (utility level: No Utility, Utility) x 2 (goal level: no goal, difficult goal), between-subjects design. Previous findings have shown that individuals with low success expectancies benefit from a utility manipulation, but high success expectancy individuals do not. The current study aimed to facilitate performance and interest, particularly in high expectancy participants. Participants learned a new math technique. After the practice session, participants …

Computer-Generated Imagery, Bob Rehak

Film & Media Studies Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Primary Movement In Sign Languages: A Study Of Six Languages, Donna Jo Napoli, M. Mai, N. Gaw

Linguistics Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Exploring The Variation In First Year Undergraduates' Induction Into Their Academic Disciplines, Min Yang, Beverly Joyce Webster, Michael Prosser

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

This study explored qualitative variation in first year undergraduates’ induction into the discipline in four dimensions: (1) induction into disciplinary knowledge, (2) induction into disciplinary research, (3) integration of learning from different courses, and (4) induction into disciplinary skills. Data were drawn from focus groups with students from different disciplines at a university in Hong Kong. Phenomenographic analysis identified four categories about induction into disciplinary knowledge and disciplinary research, and three categories regarding integration of learning. The categories were described in terms of the referential (aspects of the dimension discerned by students) and structural components (how students explained the aspects). …

The Potential For Teaching Quantitative Reasoning Across The Curriculum: Empirical Evidence, Nathan D. Grawe

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

Educational theorists have argued that effective instruction in quantitative reasoning (QR) should extend across the curriculum. While a noble goal, it is not immediately evident that this is even possible. To assess the feasibility of this approach to QR instruction, I examine papers written by undergraduates for submission to a sophomore writing portfolio. I distinguish papers in which QR is central to the main thrust of the argument (“centrally relevant”) from those in which QR would strengthen the argument by providing context, enriching description, or presenting background (“peripherally relevant”). I find extensive potential for QR instruction across the curriculum. In …

Bridging The Gap From Skills Assessment And Problem-Based Learning: Lessons From The Coalface Of Scholarly Engagement With Curriculum Development, William E. Boyd

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

This reflective essay charts and reflects on the progress of a scholarly engagement in curriculum change. Grounded on planning for syllabus and assessment change in a first year university subject, it aimed at evolving that subject from skill learning to problem-based learning. The challenge was to develop problem-based curriculum as authentic, equitable and integrated curriculum for a large, multi-modal and novice student cohort. Using the opportunity for reflective commentary on the author's engagement of both curriculum development and scholarly process, the essay presents parallel narratives that describe the scholarly context of the case study, and predominantly, the author’s reflection on …

Mapping The Field Of Statistics Education Research In Search Of Scholarship, Linda Van Der Merwe, Annette Wilkinson

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

This paper is intended as a contribution to the advancement of scholarship in the field of statistics education, which directly links with the scholarship of teaching and learning. It is apparent from the literature, that statistics education research, as an interdisciplinary field, does not rely on a single tradition of research methodology. There are different research backgrounds, different research methods are used, studies have different foci and different outcome variables are studied. What constitutes research in statistics education is therefore still a fundamental issue, with a consequent call for more research in this field. The present study attempts to identify …

Feature Essays: The Scholarship Of Teaching And Learning: A Personal Account And Reflection, Lee Shulman

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

Excerpt: One of my favorite stories about teaching recounts the conversation between an aging Jewish schoolteacher in Poland (a"melamed" in Yiddish) and his wise wife. It is late in the evening and they are sitting quietly before bedtime. "Sarah, I've been thinking about something really interesting. Do you realize that if I were the Czar, I would be richer than the Czar?" Sarah, having lived with his ruminations for many years, sighs....

Plasma Myeloperoxidase Predicts Incident Cardiovascular Risks In Stable Patients Undergoing Medical Management For Coronary Artery Disease, W.H. Wilson Tang, Yuping Wu, Stephen J. Nicholls, Stanley L. Hazen

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentrations predict adverse clinical outcomes in the setting of acute coronary syndromes and heart failure, but the prognostic role of MPO in stable patients with known atherosclerotic burden is unclear. METHODS: We examined plasma MPO concentrations and their relationship with prevalent significant coronary artery disease (defined as >50% stenosis in any coronary vessel) and incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including death, myocardial infarction, and stroke, in a 3-year prospective follow-up study of 1895 patients undergoing elective coronary angiography. RESULTS: The median plasma MPO concentration was 101 pmol/L (interquartile range 68–187 pmol/L). Patients with plasma MPO concentrations …

Diminished Antioxidant Activity Of High-Density Lipoprotein–Associated Proteins In Systolic Heart Failure, W.H. Wilson Tang, Yuping Wu, Shirley Mann, Michael Pepoy, Kevin Shrestha, Allen G. Borowski, Stanley L. Hazen

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Background— Diminished serum arylesterase activity, catalyzed by the high-density lipoprotein–associated paraoxonase-1, is associated with heightened systemic oxidative stress and atherosclerosis risk. In the present study, we sought to determine the prognostic role of serum arylesterase activity in subjects with systolic heart failure, particularly in relation to established cardiac biomarkers. Methods and Results— We measured serum arylesterase activity in 760 subjects with impaired left ventricular systolic function (left ventricular ejection fraction <50%), and prospectively followed major adverse cardiac events (including death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and stroke) for 3 years. In our study cohort (mean age, 64±11 years; 74% men; median left ventricular ejection fraction, 35%; median creatinine clearance, 96 mg/dL), mean serum arylesterase activity (98±25 μmol/L/min/mL) was lower compared with that in healthy control subjects (mean, 115±26 μmol/L/min/mL, P<0.01) but higher compared with advanced decompensated heart failure subjects (mean, 69±22 μmol/L/min/mL, P<0.01). Within our cohort, there was modest correlation between serum arylesterase activity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=0.33, P<0.01) as well as B-type natriuretic peptide (r=−0.23, P<0.01). Lower serum arylesterase activity was a strong predictor of poorer outcomes (hazard ratio, 2.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.54, 5.62; P<0.001). After adjusting for traditional risk factors, medication use, B-type natriuretic peptide, and creatinine clearance, lower serum arylesterase still conferred an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events at 3 years (hazard ratio, 2.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.37 to 5.28; P=0.004). Conclusions— In patients with systolic heart failure, decreased serum arylesterase activity, a measure of diminished antioxidant properties of high-density lipoprotein, predicts higher risk of incident long-term adverse cardiac event independent of established clinical and biochemical risk factors.

Discrete-Time Recurrent Neural Network And Its Application To Compression Of Infra-Red Spectrum, Leong-Kwan Li, Sally S. L. Shao

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

We study the discrete-time recurrent neural network that derived from the Leaky-integrator model and its application to compression of infra-red spec- trum. Our results show that the discrete-time Leaky-integrator recurrent neural network (RNN) model can be used to approximate the continuous-time model and inherit its dynamical characters if a proper step size is chosen. Moreover, the discrete-time Leaky-integrator RNN model is absolutely stable. By developing the double discrete integral method and employing the state space search algorithm for the discrete-time recurrent neural network model, we demonstrate with quality spectra regenerated from the compressed data how to compress the infra-red spectrum …