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Systematic Review Of Chimpanzee Use In Monoclonal Antibody Research And Drug Development: 1981-2010, Raija Bettauer

Experimentation Collection

This survey examines the extent to which live chimpanzees have been used in monoclonal antibody (mAb) research and the drug approval process. The survey covers 193 scientific articles published during the years 1981-2010, as well as preclinical studies leading to the approval of mAb drugs by the Food and Drug Administration of the United States. The frequency of the articles has decreased by more than two-thirds from their highs in the late 1980’s, and the aggregate number of chimpanzees used in these studies has decreased by more than 90%.

The experimental protocols ranged from single or multiple blood draws to …

Humane Cat Population Management Guidance, International Companion Animal Management Coalition

Stray and Feral Animal Populations Collection

The International Companion Animal Management Coalition has produced this document to provide government bodies and non-governmental organisations with a detailed resource to support them in their development and implementation of effective and humane programmes to manage cat populations.

Taking Them In

Animal Sheltering 2010-12

The ASV Guidelines in Real Life

Haemato-Biochemical Changes In Natural Cases Of Canine Babesiosis, Showkat Ahmad Shah, Naresh Kumar Sood, Srinivasa Rao Tumati

Biochemistry Collection

Incidence of severe anemia due to babesiosis in dogs resulting in death in a short time of illness is on the increase in Punjab, during last few decades due to introduction of exotic breeds like Grey Hound, German shepherd, Doberman, Labrador and others. In the present study the hematological and biochemical changes in blood samples obtained from 4 dogs naturally infected with Babesia were evaluated. The dogs were presented to the Department of Veterinary Clinical Services Complex, GADVASU, Ludhiana from August 2008 to April 2009. The evaluation included Hemoglobin (Hb), Red Blood Cell count (RBC), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Mean …

Human Health Implications Of Intensive Poultry Production And Avian Influenza

Agribusiness Reports

The high stocking density, stress, unhygienic conditions, lack of sunlight, and breeding practices typical of industrial poultry and egg production systems may facilitate the emergence and spread of diseases, including highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses with public health implications such as H5N1.

The Impact Of Industrial Farm Animal Production On Food Security In The Developing World

Agribusiness Reports

Food security is often incorrectly used as a justification for the inhumane confinement of animals on industrial farm animal production facilities, while in reality, the industrialization of animal agriculture jeopardizes food security by degrading the environment, threatening human health, and diminishing income-earning opportunities in rural areas. Support from governments and international agencies for more humane and sustainable agricultural systems can ensure adequate food consumption and nutrition throughout the developing world.

The Impact Of Animal Agriculture On The Environment And Climate Change In India: A Focus On Methane

Agribusiness Reports

Animal agriculture inefficiently consumes natural resources, contributes to deforestation, and produces immense quantities of animal waste, threatening water and air quality and contributing to climate change. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations estimated in 2006 that animal agriculture was responsible for 18% of global, anthropogenic, or human-induced, greenhouse gas emissions and was ―by far the single largest anthropogenic user of land. Climate change poses significant challenges to India‘s agricultural sector, which is already facing increased competition for land and water.

Gold Standards—And Bare Minimums

Animal Sheltering 2010-12

Shelter veterinarians promote a road map to ensuring the “five freedoms” in animal shelters

The Kindest Cut Of All, Brenda Griffin D.V.M.

Animal Sheltering 2010-12

Spaying and neutering young kittens and puppies

Office Of The Vice Provost For Research Annual Report - 2011, Office Of The Vice Provost For Research, East Tennessee State University

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

No. 07: Rapid Urbanization And The Nutrition Transition In Southern Africa, Jonathan Crush, Bruce Frayne, Milla Mclachlan

African Food Security Urban Network

The nutrition transition, including the presence of malnutrition and obesity in poor urban populations (the so-called ‘double burden’ of disease), is occurring in Southern Africa in the context of massive rural-urban migration and rapid urbanization. This seemingly contradictory situation poses one of the major threats to public health in the developing world, and impacts the poor – and therefore the most food insecure – to the greatest extent. This paper reviews the state of knowledge about food insecurity and the nutrition transition in the urban areas of Southern Africa drawing on existing studies and new research conducted by AFSUN. The …

Interactions 2011, Thomas J. Long School Of Pharmacy And Health Sciences

Interactions

In each issue of Interactions, the School’s annual magazine you will find stories about students, faculty and alumni from each of our disciplines. Learn about the ways our students, faculty and alumni are impacting their communities through health care outreach. Read about their research and how they are contributing to advances in patient care. Meet our Alumni of the Year and get to know our faculty.

Consensus-Based Reporting Standards For Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies For Paratuberculosis In Ruminants, Ian A. Gardner, Søren S. Nielsen, Richard J. Whittington, Michael T. Collins, Douwe Bakker, Beth Harris, Srinand Sreevatsan, Jason E. Lombard, Raymond Sweeney, David L. Smith, Jerie Gavalchin, Shigetoshi Eda

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

The Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) statement was developed to encourage complete and transparent reporting of key elements of test accuracy studies in human medicine. The statement was motivated by widespread evidence of bias in test accuracy studies and the finding that incomplete or absent reporting of items in the STARD checklist was associated with overly optimistic estimates of test performance characteristics. Although STARD principles apply broadly, specific guidelines do not exist to account for unique considerations in livestock studies such as herd tests, potential use of experimental challenge studies, a more diverse group of testing purposes and …

Bovine Tuberculosis In A Nebraska Herd Of Farmed Elk And Fallow Deer: A Failure Of The Tuberculin Skin Test And Opportunities For Serodiagnosis, W. Ray Waters, Gary E. Stevens, Mark A. Schoenbaum, Kathy A. Orloski, Suelee Robbe-Austerman, N. Beth Harris, S. Mark Hall, Bruce V. Thomsen, Arach J. Wilson, Roger E. Brannian, Jeffrey T. Nelson, Shawn Schafer, Javan Esfandiari, Meghan Dutton, Rena Greenwald, Konstantin P. Lyashchenko

Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease: Publications

In 2009, Mycobacterium bovis infection was detected in a herd of 60 elk (Cervus elaphus) and 50 fallow deer (Dama dama) in Nebraska, USA. Upon depopulation of the herd, the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (TB) was estimated at ∼71–75%, based upon histopathology and culture results. Particularly with elk, gross lesions were often severe and extensive. One year ago, the majority of the elk had been tested for TB by single cervical test (SCT), and all were negative. After initial detection of a tuberculous elk in this herd, 42 of the 59 elk were tested by SCT. …

Intravaginal Cytomegalovirus (Cmv) Challenge Elicits Maternal Viremia And Results In Congenital Transmission In A Guinea Pig Model, Megan J. Olejniczak, K Yeon Choi, Michael Mcvoy, Xiaohong Cui, Mark R. Schleiss

Pediatrics Publications

Background The objective of this study was to compare intravaginal (ivg) and subcutaneous (sc) administration of the guinea pig cytomegalovirus (GPCMV) in pregnant and non-pregnant guinea pigs. These studies tested the hypotheses that ivg infection would elicit immune responses, produce maternal viremia, and lead to vertical transmission, with an efficiency similar to the traditionally employed sc route.

Results Four groups of age- and size-matched guinea pigs were studied. Two groups were pregnant, and two groups were not pregnant. Animals received 5x105 plaque-forming units (PFU) of a GPCMV reconstituted from an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) construct containing the full-length GPCMV …

Sci-Tech Book News Reviews, Susan Fingerman

Sci-Tech News

The following section consists of 100 book reviews selected from Sci-Tech Book News, reprinted with the permission of Book News Inc. This review journal is published four times a year, each issue reviewing over 2,000 new titles in the physical and biological sciences, mathematics, engineering, computer science, technology, and agriculture. For a sample issue and subscription information, contact Book News Inc. at 5739 NE Sumner Street, Portland, OR 97218. Phone: (503)281-9230; Fax: (503)287-4485; E-mail: [email protected].

2011 Ipm Annual Report—A Decade Of Progress Advancing Hiv Prevention For Women, International Partnership For Microbicides

International Partnership for Microbicides (IPM)

No abstract provided.

Conference Faculty, Human Research Protection Office, Washington University School Of Medicine In St. Louis

2011 St. Louis OHRP National Research Forum and Community-Engaged Research Conference

No abstract provided.

Prostate Involvement During Sexually Transmitted Infections As Measured By Prostate-Specific Antigen Concentration, Siobhan Sutcliffe, Remington L. Nevin, Ratna Pakpahan, Debra J. Elliott, Stephen R. Cole, Angelo M. De Marzo, Charlotte A. Gaydos, William B. Isaacs, William G. Nelson, Lori J. Sokoll, Johnathan M. Zenilman, Steven B. Cersovsky, Elizabeth A. Platz

Cancer Prevention Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Transmen: The Hiv Risk Of Gay Identity, Stefan Rowniak, C Chesla, C D. Rose, W L. Holzemer

Nursing and Health Professions Faculty Research and Publications

Many female-to-male transgender individuals, or transmen, are situated within the gay community, one of the highest risk communities for HIV, yet there has been little research regarding the experience of risk for these transmen. Seventeen transmen were interviewed regarding their sexuality and HIV risk behavior. Fourteen of the 17 reported having non-trans gay men as sexual partners. Risk behaviors included not using condoms with multiple partners who were HIV-positive, or of unknown HIV status. Aspects of risk included the unfamiliarity of the gay community and the lack of safe sex negotiating skills. The dynamics of acceptance and rejection between transmen …

State Preparedness: A Study Of State Plans, Zachary Fehrman

Master of Public Health Program Student Publications

Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been used since the early years of public health. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides a standard definition for NPI and what NPI strategies are contained within the definition. This paper seeks to discover if state pandemic influenza plans use the term NPI and its strategies, and if states’ use of NPI strategies in their state pandemic plans is consistent with the CDC definition. To determine how states were defining and using the term NPI and NPI strategies a survey of forty-eight (48) state plans was conducted using each respective states’ pandemic plan. …

Graduate Medical Education 2010 Annual Report, Children's Mercy Hospital

GME Annual Reports

Annual report of the Children's Mercy Hospital Graduate Medical Education department, including pediatric residency, internal medicine/pediatrics residency, fellowship programs, medical students, continuing medical education, and library services.

Assessing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Attitudes Among African Immigrants, Hazel Namona Nachembe

Theses Digitization Project

This study attempted to assess and explore the attitudes of African immigrants towards HIV testing and seeking HIV services in the U.S. The pool of HIV/AIDS cases among blacks at risk in the United States does not clearly distinguish between African Americans and Black African immigrants in regard to attitudes on HIV testing. A closer exploration of African immigrants as specific black sub-groups within the larger group of blacks or African Americans infected with HIV may help distinguish and explain the increase in incidents and high risk behaviors among blacks.

Assessment Of Web-Based Training (Wbt) Modules On Learning Facilitation For Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experiences (Appe) In Pediatrics, Jennifer L. Morris, Chad A. Knoderer

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness of web-based training (WBT) modules to enhance and facilitate student pharmacists’ learning and their ability to provide pharmaceutical care to children during a pediatric advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE).

METHODS: Pediatric-specific WBT modules were developed for completion by APPE students during a 4- week rotation. Pediatric modules covered developmental pharmacology; antimicrobial use and monitoring; fluids, electrolytes, and dehydration; and drug information. Students were responsible for completing all modules within the first week of the APPE. Preassessments and postassessments consisted of 8 to 10 multiple-choice questions, with scores ranging from 0 to 100 points. Data were …

Hyperphosphatemia In Pediatric Oncology Patients Receiving Liposomal Amphotericin B, Chad A. Knoderer, Holly M. Knoderer

Scholarship and Professional Work – COPHS

OBJECTIVE: After transitioning our front-line amphotericin product to the liposomal formulation, we observed an increased incidence of hyperphosphatemia. We aimed to determine the incidence of hyperphosphatemia in children with oncologic disorders receiving an amphotericin B product and to establish whether the incidence varies depending on amphotericin formulation.

METHODS: This retrospective review of the medical record was conducted at a tertiary, free standing children’s hospital. Pharmacy data revealed 159 patients receiving an amphotericin product between November 2006 and December 2008. Doses of amphotericin, serum phosphorous, calcium and creatinine concentrations were recorded at daily time points during the 10 days following both …

Constitutive Immune Function In European Starlings, Sturnus Vulgaris, Is Decreased Immediately After An Endurance Flight In A Wind Tunnel, Silke Nebel, Ulf Bauchinger, Deborah M. Buehler, Lillie A. Langlois, Michelle Boyles, Alexander R. Gerson, Edwin R. Price, Scott R. Mcwilliams, Christopher Guglielmo

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

Life-history theory predicts that animals face a trade-off in energy allocation between performing strenuous exercise, such as migratory flight, and mounting an immune response. We experimentally tested this prediction by studying immune function in European starlings, Sturnus vulgaris, flown in a wind tunnel. Specifically, we predicted that constitutive immune function decreases in response to training and, additionally, in response to immediate exercise. We compared constitutive immune function among three groups: (1) ‘untrained’ birds that were kept in cages and were not flown; (2) ‘trained’ birds that received flight training over a 15 day period and performed a 1-4 h …

Research Annual Report 2010, Children's Mercy Hospital

Research Annual Reports

Annual report of the research at Children's Mercy Hospital in Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center.

Graduate Medical Education 2010-2011 Annual Report, Children's Mercy Hospital

GME Annual Reports

Annual report of the Children's Mercy Hospital Graduate Medical Education department, including pediatric residency, internal medicine/pediatrics residency, fellowship programs, medical students, continuing medical education, and library services.

Understanding Health Profile Of The Middle-Aged Residents In Tsuen Wan, Tsuen Wan Safe And Health Community, Tsuen Wan Adventist Hospital, Asia-Pacific Institute Of Ageing Studies, Lingnan University

APIAS Research Report 研究報告

Modernization marked the progress of society and posed various changes to human life as well as the epidemiological transition. Improvements in public health care, living conditions, income and the control of infectious diseases were important factors in the first half of the twentieth century that led to the increases in life expectancy, while in the second half it was improvements in social conditions, health technologies such as antibiotics, and widespread immunization. The existences of advanced medical services effectively get rid of the prevalence of infectious disease that caused immediate human threats such as Measles and Smallpox.

Given that technological advancement …

“Getting Noticed”: Middle Childhood Incross-Cultural Perspective, David F. Lancy, M. Annette Grove

Sociology, Social Work and Anthropology Faculty Publications

Although rarely named, the majority of societies in the ethnographic record demarcate a period between early childhood and adolescence. Prominent signs of demarcation are: for the first time, pronounced gender separation in fact and in role definition; increased freedom of movement for boys while girls may be bound more tightly to their mothers; and heightened expectations for socially responsible behavior. But, above all, middle childhood is about coming out of the shadows of community life and assuming a distinct, lifetime character. Naming and other rites of passage sometimes acknowledge this transition, but it is, reliably, marked by the assumption or …