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2010

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The Relationship Between Attachment Related Family-Of-Origin Experiences And Sexual Satisfaction In Married Couples, James G. Strait Jul 2010

The Relationship Between Attachment Related Family-Of-Origin Experiences And Sexual Satisfaction In Married Couples, James G. Strait

Theses and Dissertations

This study of married couples examined the relationship between perceptions of attachment related family-of-origin experiences and sexual satisfaction directly and when mediated by marital quality. The sample consisted of 3,953 married couples who responded to the RELATionship Evaluation (RELATE). The nested model showed that more positive overall family-of-origin experiences and parent-child relationships were related to higher sexual satisfaction. When adding marital quality as a mediator, overall family-of-origin experience and the parent-child relationship were predictive of higher sexual satisfaction when mediated by marital quality but removed most direct effects to sexual satisfaction. There was a strong positive relationship between marital quality …

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Dis/Ability Teaches Design!, Tom Bieling Jul 2010

Dis/Ability Teaches Design!, Tom Bieling

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In our paper, we claim that general human and artificial communication systems might be enriched by acknowledging and adding specifics of different ways of communication, perception and locomotion that refer to bodily impairment (Bieling, 2009). Schillmeier (2009, 79ff) sees disability less as an effect of bodily impairment, but more as a phenomenon of social construction. Oriented towards Science, Technology and Society Studies (STS) he conceptualizes disability as a “heterogenic, material event”, which connects “social and non-social relations of human and non-human actors, of things, bodies, technologies, sensorical pratices” and becomes able to be experienced in the sense of disabling as …

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The Complex Field Of Research: For Design, Through Design, And About Design, Lois Frankel, Martin Racine Jul 2010

The Complex Field Of Research: For Design, Through Design, And About Design, Lois Frankel, Martin Racine

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The concept of design research is evolving through the literature, on-line discussions, and conferences. They revolve around defining what research is and where it belongs in design education and practice. This paper provides a framework for understanding the approaches to design research that builds upon existing overviews of the field provided by Bruce Archer, Richard Buchanan, Nigel Cross, Christopher Frayling, and Ken Friedman, among others. It begins with a brief history of design research to provide a foundation for understanding that research has been an integral part of the field of design since the early twentieth century. It then discusses …

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Designing Design Learning: A Case Study, Gale Moore, Danielle Lottridge, Karen Smith Jul 2010

Designing Design Learning: A Case Study, Gale Moore, Danielle Lottridge, Karen Smith

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As ‘designerly’ ways of thinking and knowing are increasingly understood to be relevant in fields outside the traditional design disciplines, there is need to conceive of and design appropriate pedagogy. The challenge is to successfully negotiate disciplinary crossings in ways that simultaneously respect the discipline of design and provide a space for exploration and innovation, while at the same time produce results that satisfy individual disciplinary standards as well as the institutional standards of the university. The paper presents a case study of a novel graduate course in design research in the University of Toronto’s Knowledge Media Design Institute (KMDI) …

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A Matter Of Negotiation: Managing Uncertainties In An Open Design Process, Sven Schneider, Nancy Richter, Frank Petzold Jul 2010

A Matter Of Negotiation: Managing Uncertainties In An Open Design Process, Sven Schneider, Nancy Richter, Frank Petzold

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing is a highly collaborative and communicative process. To achieve good results effective teamwork is extremely important. Digital technology makes it possible for this process to be distributed across different spatial locations. Despite the potential of digital networks, commercial systems in the field of Computer Aided Architectural Design remain stuck in old patterns with strict role definitions and linear working processes. Open Architectural Design offers an alternative to this “sequential model” by providing an approach to distributed work oriented around “Open Strategies”. Open strategies facilitate an open exchange of ideas and artefacts with the aim of making better use of …

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Implications Of Spatial Abilities On Design Thinking, Ken Sutton, Anthony Williams Jul 2010

Implications Of Spatial Abilities On Design Thinking, Ken Sutton, Anthony Williams

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The relationships between various cognitive characteristics and design creativity provide the necessity for consideration for design education. It can be argued that constructive perception ability that combines perception and conception and basic ability in visual reasoning composed of visual analysis, synthesis and representation in iterative nature are equally related with creative design ability. This paper reports findings of the application of a Spatial Ability measurement tool to first year design students and considers the results across three parameters, gender, University entrance Score and students’ achievement in a first year Graphics course.

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A Survey Of Definition And Its Role In Strengthening Design Theory, Robert Andruchow Jul 2010

A Survey Of Definition And Its Role In Strengthening Design Theory, Robert Andruchow

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper argues that an essential task for managing complexity in design is clarification of key terms within the field, and most importantly the term that defines the field itself: Design. This position rests on the argument that theory—a key tool for managing complexity in design—is weakened by ambiguous terminology, and crucially, ambiguity of the word design. Although it has been well documented that design is a highly ambiguous term and that this is problematic for the field as a whole, many designers are resigned to this fact since it is unclear how one can resolve differences of opinion about …

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Sustainable Collaborative Services On The Digital Platform: Definition And Application, Joon Sang Baek, Ezio Manzini, Francesca Rizzo Jul 2010

Sustainable Collaborative Services On The Digital Platform: Definition And Application, Joon Sang Baek, Ezio Manzini, Francesca Rizzo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Information communication technologies (ICT) have emerged as an enabling solution that facilitates grassroots social innovations. Among them are collaborative services in which the final users collaborate to provide solutions to their unmet social needs. These alternative solutions aggregate to result in radical innovations towards a sustainable society (Meroni ed., 2006). Examples of collaborative services on the digital platform include Hitchhikers, a service created by hitchhikers to connect people with empty seats in their cars and people in need of a ride, thus allowing them to meet new people and reducing carbon footprint; Vicini Vicini, a service that aims to strengthen …

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Reframing Business – And Design? – A Critical Look At Co-Creation, Kirsten Bonde Sørensen, Malene Leerberg Jul 2010

Reframing Business – And Design? – A Critical Look At Co-Creation, Kirsten Bonde Sørensen, Malene Leerberg

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The collaborative aspect has become a prominent focus in design discourse and words like user- driven innovation, user studies, participatory design and co-creation are frequently used in the design terminology of researchers, practitioners, not to mention business organizations. This reflects a shift in attention from product and manufacturing to users and experience. Normann (2001) speaks of reframing business and arguably the changing landscape of design as described by Sanders and Stappers (2008) is making designers reframe their practice. (cf. Schön, 1991). Employing user studies, participatory design and co-creation looks like an easy and accessible way towards innovation, unlocking the creativity …

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Expanding Design Space: Design-In-Use Activities And Strategies, Andrea Botero, Kari-Hans Kommonen, Sanna Marttila Jul 2010

Expanding Design Space: Design-In-Use Activities And Strategies, Andrea Botero, Kari-Hans Kommonen, Sanna Marttila

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper introduces an analytical framework for understanding the collaborative nature and distributed structure of what is often referred to as design space. We propose that the design space should be conceptualized as the space of possibilities for realizing a design, which extends beyond the concept design stage into the design-in-use activities of people. By locating different activities and mapping participants’ possibilities in a continuum from consumption to active creation, we develop a framework for understanding and locating design research interventions and a tool for mapping design activities. We argue that: 1) a design space is always actively co-constructed and …

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Design Education As A Practice Of Affiliation: Facilitating Dialogue Between Developed And Developing Nations, Robert Harland, Maria Cecilia Loschiavo Dos Santos Jul 2010

Design Education As A Practice Of Affiliation: Facilitating Dialogue Between Developed And Developing Nations, Robert Harland, Maria Cecilia Loschiavo Dos Santos

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Exploring Design research and Design education that straddles developing and developed world contexts is the aim of this paper. It is a bold ambition to identify the key debates that inform these two significant aspects of Design – much too big to cover in the limited space here. Nevertheless we speculate on some of the issues that emerge from within Architecture, Urbanism, Philosophy, Sociology, Geography, Education and Design. We do this through the idea expressed by Lang that ‘affiliation’ is the need that links to all other human needs. We hypothesize that affiliation, and our need for belonging not only …

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Contradictions, Complexity And The ‘Conversational Self’ Design Research Methodology: “Australian Citizens’ Parliament” Documentary, Kaye Shumack Jul 2010

Contradictions, Complexity And The ‘Conversational Self’ Design Research Methodology: “Australian Citizens’ Parliament” Documentary, Kaye Shumack

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper addresses the role of the designer as actor/ agency working within and across flows of knowledge, perception and information for filtering, negotiating and mediating design decision-making. The research methodology uses auto-ethnographic writing to construct and explore a series of deliberative conversations as (I /You/ Me / We). Each of these personas offers a distinctive mediatory stance for the designer/self to engage with relations to other-ness across personal and public social contexts. As a second order cybernetic approach, the designer/self is thus constructed as being simultaneously participant and observer in ongoing collaborative design conversations as synthesis. These fictive and …

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Is Systemic Design The Next Big Thing For The Design Profession?, Anna Valtonen Jul 2010

Is Systemic Design The Next Big Thing For The Design Profession?, Anna Valtonen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design is increasingly used for tackling large and complex problems and this new systemic design thinking is often interlinked with large societal issues. This paper will give the historic background and context to this development; it will show how the overall economic situation affects the design profession as well as exemplify recent development of the design practice. In order to do this it will describe three case examples of recent design usage in large societal issues: the birth of a new university, the municipal commitment of using design to improve society and the national approach of Finland in pushing systemic …

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Transitions Heuristics In The Pursuit Of Well-Being: Situating Interactive Products And Services In Transitions, Fatih Kursat Ozenc Jul 2010

Transitions Heuristics In The Pursuit Of Well-Being: Situating Interactive Products And Services In Transitions, Fatih Kursat Ozenc

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Transitions in people’s lives take shape in the roles they enact, and the environments they inhabit. In these transitions, people encounter the paradox of changing and unchanging happenings, occurring simultaneously at multiple channels with differing magnitudes, and through immediate and long-term interactions. In this multiplicity of dimensions, transitions bring complexity while they emerge, throughout their occurrence, and while they resolve. Dealing with this complexity oftentimes results in stress, decline in emotional and social qualities of experiences. Interactive products and service systems play an important role in transitional experiences, by providing support for people to hold on to during the transitions. …

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A Case Study Examining The Impact Of Adventure Based Counseling On High School Adolescent Self-Esteem, Empathy, And Racism, Chris Cale Jul 2010

A Case Study Examining The Impact Of Adventure Based Counseling On High School Adolescent Self-Esteem, Empathy, And Racism, Chris Cale

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effectiveness of Adventure Based Counseling upon high school adolescents. The goals of this study were to (a) explore the effectiveness of ABC Counseling in increasing levels of self-esteem and empathy among adolescents; (b) study the efficacy of ABC counseling in reducing perceived racial discrimination, racist attitudes, or both; and (c) investigate the correlation between self-esteem, empathy, perceived racial discrimination, and racist attitudes as related to the effects of ABC counseling. In addition, the effects of ABC counseling on the school-related variables such as discipline, attendance, and academics, as well as possible outcome differences caused by demographic …

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Intensive Studio Experience In A Non-Studio Masters Program: Student Activities And Thinking Across Levels Of Design, Elizabeth Boling, Kennon M. Smith Jul 2010

Intensive Studio Experience In A Non-Studio Masters Program: Student Activities And Thinking Across Levels Of Design, Elizabeth Boling, Kennon M. Smith

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In conjunction with an emerging view of instructional as a design field versus its traditional identification as a science, the authors have designed, established and studied from 2005— 2009 a masters level course using studio-based pedagogy. This paper examines the design tensions involved in that effort from the perspective of the designer/instructors and the design activities and thinking of the students in the most recent iteration of the course. The research is based on analysis of field notes, student work, and syllabi across these five years, as well as on reflections of the designer/instructors. Design tensions center on the difficulties …

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From Ontologies To Folksonomies. A Design-Driven Approach From Complex Information To Bottom-Up Knowledge Matteo Ciastellardi, Cristina Miranda De Almeida,, Matteo Ciastellardi, Cristina Miranda De Almeida, Derrick De Kerckhove Jul 2010

From Ontologies To Folksonomies. A Design-Driven Approach From Complex Information To Bottom-Up Knowledge Matteo Ciastellardi, Cristina Miranda De Almeida,, Matteo Ciastellardi, Cristina Miranda De Almeida, Derrick De Kerckhove

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper explores the social challenge posed by the complex environments in relation to know-ledge management in which contemporary society and all its activities are immersed. The main question addressed is how information design can contribute to the construction of hybrid, bottom-up and collective ontologies-in-progress and dialogue with the complexity of the practices around the construction of digital knowledge. We argue that it is necessary for information design strategies to deepen its understanding of the semantic web and the new forms of creation of ontologies. This research seeks to broaden the an-alysis of the role of information design in this …

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Scenario: The User Profiles Methods Applied To Product Design, Denise Dantas Jul 2010

Scenario: The User Profiles Methods Applied To Product Design, Denise Dantas

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper presents SCENARIO (System of Speculative Conception of New Environments related to the Individual and the Object), developed in the Ph.D. thesis called “Design futureoriented, focused on the individual and trend analysis”,(2005). SCENARIO is a project instrument created with the objective to help the designer to comprehend both the profile and the user necessities, so that the former is capable of designing more adequate objects to the contemporary context. The objective is also to create conditions that allow the verification and validation of the designer’s project proposal through the use of metaphors built on trend analysis. The project is …

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Design Fiction: A Method Toolbox For Design Research In A Complex World, Simon Grand, Martin Wiedmer Jul 2010

Design Fiction: A Method Toolbox For Design Research In A Complex World, Simon Grand, Martin Wiedmer

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Current debates on design research, and its relation to other research fields and scientific disciplines, refer back to a fundamental distinction introduced by Herb Simon (Simon, 1996 (1981)): Design and design research do not primarily focus on explaining the world as it is; they share with engineering a fundamental interest in focusing on the world as it could be. In parallel, we observe a growing interest in the science studies to interpret scientific research as a constructive and creative practice (Knorr Cetina, 1999; 2002), organized as experimental systems (Rheinberger, 2001). Design fiction is a new approach, which integrates these two …

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Experiential, Embedded, Electronic - Integrating Academic Skills Into The Art And Design Curriculum, Alke Gröppel-Wegener Jul 2010

Experiential, Embedded, Electronic - Integrating Academic Skills Into The Art And Design Curriculum, Alke Gröppel-Wegener

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The objective of this paper is to reflect on the possibilities experiential learning offers to the fuller integration of study skills into the undergraduate design curriculum. Undergraduate design courses are experiential at their core. Students are actively engaged in their own learning, constructing it for themselves (often literally). However, this practice needs to be complemented by the ability to critically reflect on these experiences, a knowledge and understanding of its context in the field, as well as the aptitude to communicate these insights. This is where contextual studies and study skills come in. By taking the natural approach of practical …

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Transformative Design: From Consultant To Clinician, Robert Lederer, Ben King, Heather Logan Jul 2010

Transformative Design: From Consultant To Clinician, Robert Lederer, Ben King, Heather Logan

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper will describe how digital information gathered in medical diagnostic practices has been utilized in an area traditionally reliant on manual medical sculpting techniques. Working in conjunction with iRSM (Institute for Reconstructive Sciences in Medicine), the authors have participated in the development of systems and processes that have resulted in: enhanced surgical planning, elimination of surgeries and improved accuracy of prosthetics. As iRSM is the only centre in Canada to provide these services, it has attracted many international medical facilities and practitioners to use these digital workflows in their own practice. Industrial Designers were originally consulted by iRSM on …

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Design Research And The Complexity Encountered In People’S Critical Thoughts, Yong-Ki Lee, Kun-Pyo Lee Jul 2010

Design Research And The Complexity Encountered In People’S Critical Thoughts, Yong-Ki Lee, Kun-Pyo Lee

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This study focuses on the concept of “Critical Design”, which describes the development and use of design objects for the discussion of social and technological problem areas. “Critical Design” provokes or puzzles the consumer. Instead of offering people merely optimized and constraint action patterns, open situations and questions are created. The arising reactions provide valuable insights for innovative product development and basic design research. This paper assesses the potential of “Critical Design” approaches to be utilized as novel research tools for future challenges to design. The main contributions of this paper are threefold. Firstly, it reviews various ways of user …

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Resonance Rather Than Solo: Shaping A Regional Image With Soundscape, Yu-Chiao Lee, Li-Shu Lu Jul 2010

Resonance Rather Than Solo: Shaping A Regional Image With Soundscape, Yu-Chiao Lee, Li-Shu Lu

DRS Biennial Conference Series

As times change, industrialization and urbanization transform the structure of traditional rural society and result in imbalanced development between urban and rural areas. Then, as a result of population outflow and change in industries, rural distinctiveness gradually disappeared. Given that visual text was normally used to shape a regional image, this study further added audio text to enrich rural expression and also adopted the soundscape concept proposed by Murray Schafer (1973). Other than artificial sounds and natural sounds, soundscape also covers memory sounds, image sounds, cultural sounds and social sounds. The study incorporated the ecological triangle developed by Tilly (1974) …

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When Artists And Designers Inspire Collective Intelligence Practices: Two Case Studies Of Collaboration, Interdisciplinarity, And Innovation Projects, Isabelle Mahy, Mithra Zahedi Jul 2010

When Artists And Designers Inspire Collective Intelligence Practices: Two Case Studies Of Collaboration, Interdisciplinarity, And Innovation Projects, Isabelle Mahy, Mithra Zahedi

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Current mainstream collaborative processes and practices are not always fit to deal with the complexity of our society and the problems it generates. The lack of complexity-based practices for empowering collective intelligence conditions makes it difficult to address and solve intertwined multi stakeholders situations. As a disciplinary attitude can rarely succeed to solve complex and wicked problems, there is relevance and a need to question today’s mainstream approaches to collaboration and innovation. We explore this issue by asking how design can be of help to lead this reflection and to translate collaboration into pragmatic activities. We propose that by focusing …

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A Study On Design Careers And The Impact Of Gender Debra Satterfield, Sunghyun R. Kang, Nora Ladjahasan,, Debra Satterfield, Sunghyun R Kang, Nora Ladjahasan, Andrea Quam, Brytton Bjorngaard Jul 2010

A Study On Design Careers And The Impact Of Gender Debra Satterfield, Sunghyun R. Kang, Nora Ladjahasan,, Debra Satterfield, Sunghyun R Kang, Nora Ladjahasan, Andrea Quam, Brytton Bjorngaard

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Many of those entering the design workforce will at one point in time be affected by life choices. Some of these choices are welcomed, however, others are of necessity and are not reflective of personal preference. Life choices such as childcare, career advancement decisions, marriage, leaving the workforce, making a lateral career move, or becoming an attendant caregiver for an incapacitated family member are only a few examples of situations that can dramatically impact the course of a career in design fields. In addition, women and men may be affected differently by these choices. The purpose of this research is …

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On The Impact Of Systemic Thinking In Sustainable Design, Ricardo Sosa, Alberto Dorantes, César Cárdenas, Victor Martínez Jul 2010

On The Impact Of Systemic Thinking In Sustainable Design, Ricardo Sosa, Alberto Dorantes, César Cárdenas, Victor Martínez

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The world faces significant problems of high complexity. The potential of knowledge, methods and tools used in design education and practice are useful for the development of sustainable solutions. Sustainable design is regarded in this paper as the integration of multiple competencies in order to generate and implement creative interventions that trigger positive changes in complex socio-technical systems. In this paper, a multidisciplinary case study is created for experimentation on the way in which different student groups approach complex problems, the type and level of thinking used, and the evaluation of the adequateness of their proposals by experts. The groups …

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Assessing Creativity In The Context Of Architectural Design Education, Anthony Williams, Michael Ostwald, Hedda Haugen Askland Jul 2010

Assessing Creativity In The Context Of Architectural Design Education, Anthony Williams, Michael Ostwald, Hedda Haugen Askland

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In a study on architectural education in Australasia, Ostwald and Williams (2008a; 2008b) found that one of the most contentious issues facing architecture and design education is the assessment of creativity. The problem is not new, yet, despite ongoing criticism of the frameworks used to assess creativity in architecture and design, the assessment of students‟ creative work remains a vexed issue. Central to the problem of assessment is the lack of an unambiguous disciplinary definition of creativity. The concept of creativity has been understood in different and often conflicting ways, and across the design disciplines there is no shared understanding …

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Humor As A Moderating Variable Of The Relationship Between Family Conflict And Self-Regulation In Children: A Two-Year Panel Study, Kristiane Madsen Jul 2010

Humor As A Moderating Variable Of The Relationship Between Family Conflict And Self-Regulation In Children: A Two-Year Panel Study, Kristiane Madsen

Theses and Dissertations

Conflict is a common problem among families, and children may be negatively affected by this family dynamic. Some family characteristics may protect children from negative effects, even in the midst of conflict. Though little research has been conducted addressing familial effects of humor, the current longitudinal study examined the moderating effect of humor on the relationship between family conflict and child self regulation. Two hundred ninety six two-parent families from the Seattle area were surveyed and observed as a party of Brigham Young University's Flourishing Family Project. Family conflict and coded humor from an observation task were assessed at time …

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Beyond Employment And Income: The Association Between Young Adults’ Finances And Marital Timing, Jeffrey P. Dew, Joseph Price Jul 2010

Beyond Employment And Income: The Association Between Young Adults’ Finances And Marital Timing, Jeffrey P. Dew, Joseph Price

Faculty Publications

This study tested an extension of the theory of marital timing (Oppenheimer, Am J Sociol 94:563–591, 1988) by assessing whether visible and less visible financial assets and debt mediated the relationship between employment and the likelihood of marriage. We conducted these prospective, longitudinal analyses using a sample of 1,522 never-married young adults from the National Survey of Families and Households. For participants who were not cohabiting at Wave 1, financial issues such as car values predicted marriage but did not mediate the relationship between work hours, occupational prestige, and the likelihood of marriage. For cohabiting participants, employment factors were the …

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U.S. Student Teachers In Belize, China And Mexico: Patterns Of Cultural, Professional, And Character Development, Robert A. Devillar, Binbin Jiang Jul 2010

U.S. Student Teachers In Belize, China And Mexico: Patterns Of Cultural, Professional, And Character Development, Robert A. Devillar, Binbin Jiang

Journal of Emerging Knowledge on Emerging Markets

The United States mainstream populace has been notably deficient in its exposure, sensitivity and understanding relative to cultures, languages and people it considers different, whether within or outside its national borders. This general deficiency extends to the professional realm, and includes U.S. teachers, who, as adults and as a group, engage with students in a long-term, planned, structural and developmental manner that exceeds by far that of any other adult group. Teachers, therefore, have a critical responsibility with respect to accumulating and effectively expressing knowledge, skills and dispositions that will inform whom, what and how they teach in their classrooms, …

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